Counselling in Sydney, NSW

Photo of Dr Jennifer Read, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Dr Jennifer Read
Psychologist, PhD, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sydney, NSW 2000
Hi there! Everyone has times when they feel sad, worried, anxious, low in self-confidence, overwhelmed, angry or conflicted - that is part of being human. Usually, we can get through these difficult times on our own, or with our usual support network, but sometimes we need extra help and support to cope, or to figure out what to do. When you come for therapy, I will provide you with a confidential, caring space to explore and process things so that you can make sense of your experience, gain new insights, learn new skills and work towards your therapy goals.
Hi there! Everyone has times when they feel sad, worried, anxious, low in self-confidence, overwhelmed, angry or conflicted - that is part of being human. Usually, we can get through these difficult times on our own, or with our usual support network, but sometimes we need extra help and support to cope, or to figure out what to do. When you come for therapy, I will provide you with a confidential, caring space to explore and process things so that you can make sense of your experience, gain new insights, learn new skills and work towards your therapy goals.
(02) 8806 0141 View (02) 8806 0141
Photo of Rashneel Prasad - Multilingual Therapist , Counsellor in Sydney, NSW
Rashneel Prasad - Multilingual Therapist
Counsellor, MC, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Life's journey is marked by various transitions, and I'm here to provide dedicated support every step of the way. Whether you're navigating career shifts, adapting to new cultures, facing relationship changes, or coping with loss, I'm committed to partnering with you to tackle challenges with confidence and hope. As a registered counsellor, I prioritise your unique needs, whilst offering a nurturing space for self-exploration, healing, and personal growth.
Life's journey is marked by various transitions, and I'm here to provide dedicated support every step of the way. Whether you're navigating career shifts, adapting to new cultures, facing relationship changes, or coping with loss, I'm committed to partnering with you to tackle challenges with confidence and hope. As a registered counsellor, I prioritise your unique needs, whilst offering a nurturing space for self-exploration, healing, and personal growth.
(02) 9100 0539 View (02) 9100 0539
Photo of WG Psychology, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
WG Psychology
Psychologist, MAPS
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Wayne Gillespie is a Registered Psychologist with over 20yrs experience. In addition to his private practice, Wayne worked for 19yrs as a student counsellor/psychologist at the University of New South Wales and National Institute of Dramatic Arts (NIDA). Wayne specialises in providing counselling/coaching for a range of presentations including: Mood Disorders, Anxiety, Drug and Alcohol, Adjustment Problems; Relationship Problems, Trauma incidents, Bereavement; Academic Difficulties (e.g procrastination and perfectionism), Career Transition, Creativity Issues, Creative Arts/Entertainment Psychology and Executive Coaching.
Wayne Gillespie is a Registered Psychologist with over 20yrs experience. In addition to his private practice, Wayne worked for 19yrs as a student counsellor/psychologist at the University of New South Wales and National Institute of Dramatic Arts (NIDA). Wayne specialises in providing counselling/coaching for a range of presentations including: Mood Disorders, Anxiety, Drug and Alcohol, Adjustment Problems; Relationship Problems, Trauma incidents, Bereavement; Academic Difficulties (e.g procrastination and perfectionism), Career Transition, Creativity Issues, Creative Arts/Entertainment Psychology and Executive Coaching.
(02) 9100 0170 View (02) 9100 0170
Photo of Kresh Pidial, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Kresh Pidial
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Kresh is a registered Psychologist passionate about helping individuals live a more fulfilled life. Her collaborative, warm and supportive style enables clients to understand their current situation and the strategies needed to overcome challenges. She provides a safe space for clients to be heard and supported.
Kresh is a registered Psychologist passionate about helping individuals live a more fulfilled life. Her collaborative, warm and supportive style enables clients to understand their current situation and the strategies needed to overcome challenges. She provides a safe space for clients to be heard and supported.
(02) 9100 0573 View (02) 9100 0573
Photo of Brodie Earl Clinical Psychology, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Brodie Earl Clinical Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych, MACPA Assoc
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sydney, NSW 2000
A little bit about me: I like to make sure I have a good relationship with all of my clients, that’s really important to me. I use up-to-date research to inform my treatments, and often a little bit of humour, to make sure the people I see get the most out of their therapy. I’ve worked clinically in hospitals and private practice, and I’ve worked as a lecturer at universities.
A little bit about me: I like to make sure I have a good relationship with all of my clients, that’s really important to me. I use up-to-date research to inform my treatments, and often a little bit of humour, to make sure the people I see get the most out of their therapy. I’ve worked clinically in hospitals and private practice, and I’ve worked as a lecturer at universities.
(02) 9100 0174 View (02) 9100 0174
Photo of Pikria Meladze, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Pikria Meladze
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
I primarily work with older adolescents aged 16+ years and professional adults wanting help with adjustment to parenthood, ADHD, anxiety, body image/dysmorphia, depression, eating disorders, OCD, parent-adult child estrangement, stress and work-related burnout, childhood trauma and PTSD. I also offer supervision to fully registered Psychologists and Clinical Psychologists.
I primarily work with older adolescents aged 16+ years and professional adults wanting help with adjustment to parenthood, ADHD, anxiety, body image/dysmorphia, depression, eating disorders, OCD, parent-adult child estrangement, stress and work-related burnout, childhood trauma and PTSD. I also offer supervision to fully registered Psychologists and Clinical Psychologists.
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Photo of Olivia Patrick, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Olivia Patrick
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Olivia is a warm and compassionate Clinical Psychologist with a special interest in treating adults with Eating Disorders, body image concerns and related issues such as depression, anxiety and trauma. She strongly believes that everybody deserves to be treated with respect and all bodies deserve respect. Olivia creates a safe environment for clients of all sizes, sexualities, cultural backgrounds and other intersecting identities.
Olivia is a warm and compassionate Clinical Psychologist with a special interest in treating adults with Eating Disorders, body image concerns and related issues such as depression, anxiety and trauma. She strongly believes that everybody deserves to be treated with respect and all bodies deserve respect. Olivia creates a safe environment for clients of all sizes, sexualities, cultural backgrounds and other intersecting identities.
(02) 9100 0278 View (02) 9100 0278
Photo of National Trauma Clinics, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
National Trauma Clinics
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
National Trauma Clinic Psychologists and Consultants have extensive experience working with individuals, couples and families suffering from the broad range of psychological issues including relationship issues, family issues, workplace issues and symptomatic problems with PTSD, depression, anxiety and the like.
National Trauma Clinic Psychologists and Consultants have extensive experience working with individuals, couples and families suffering from the broad range of psychological issues including relationship issues, family issues, workplace issues and symptomatic problems with PTSD, depression, anxiety and the like.
(02) 9100 0118 View (02) 9100 0118
Photo of Russell Drinkwater, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Russell Drinkwater
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Are you feeling unhappy about your relationship? Are you arguing about the same issues and unable to reach a solution? On average people wait 6 years before seeking help with a relationship problem. The longer a problem persists, the greater the resentment builds towards your partner. •Individual and/or couples counselling to help people manage conflict. •Training in communication skills. •Helping to re-build trust after an affair. •Helping individuals to cope with separation/divorce. •Helping clients who have anxiety, depression or stress. •Helping men who are struggling. •Bereavement counselling• Grief and loss counselling.
Are you feeling unhappy about your relationship? Are you arguing about the same issues and unable to reach a solution? On average people wait 6 years before seeking help with a relationship problem. The longer a problem persists, the greater the resentment builds towards your partner. •Individual and/or couples counselling to help people manage conflict. •Training in communication skills. •Helping to re-build trust after an affair. •Helping individuals to cope with separation/divorce. •Helping clients who have anxiety, depression or stress. •Helping men who are struggling. •Bereavement counselling• Grief and loss counselling.
(02) 9159 6027 View (02) 9159 6027
Photo of Dylan Nicholls, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Dylan Nicholls
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Are you struggling with depression, anxiety, stress, or trauma? As a Clinical Psychologist, I can provide a supportive environment for you to work through your struggles and develop the skills you need to lead a healthier life. I am currently offering online private and medicare-rebated psychology sessions.
Are you struggling with depression, anxiety, stress, or trauma? As a Clinical Psychologist, I can provide a supportive environment for you to work through your struggles and develop the skills you need to lead a healthier life. I am currently offering online private and medicare-rebated psychology sessions.
(02) 9100 0301 View (02) 9100 0301
Photo of Blue Horizon Counselling, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Blue Horizon Counselling
Psychologist, PsychD, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Therapy is a very personal experience so it’s important that you feel comfortable with your therapist and believe they’re a good fit for you. People will decide to see a psychologist for a range of different reasons... Often they’re experiencing some kind of stress, relationship difficulties, trauma or addiction… or sometimes they feel they just need someone to talk to. We start by talking about what brings you to the session. You may have clearly defined goals of what you’d like to achieve or, perhaps you’re not sure and you’re just trying to get a better understanding of yourself and your life experiences. Therapy is also about encouraging you to consider different ways of thinking, trying new strategies and learning new skills. It's ok if you feel that you’re stepping outside of your comfort zone. It’s not always easy to be in therapy, it takes a lot of courage to start, and to continue the process.
Therapy is a very personal experience so it’s important that you feel comfortable with your therapist and believe they’re a good fit for you. People will decide to see a psychologist for a range of different reasons... Often they’re experiencing some kind of stress, relationship difficulties, trauma or addiction… or sometimes they feel they just need someone to talk to. We start by talking about what brings you to the session. You may have clearly defined goals of what you’d like to achieve or, perhaps you’re not sure and you’re just trying to get a better understanding of yourself and your life experiences. Therapy is also about encouraging you to consider different ways of thinking, trying new strategies and learning new skills. It's ok if you feel that you’re stepping outside of your comfort zone. It’s not always easy to be in therapy, it takes a lot of courage to start, and to continue the process.
(02) 9158 6525 View (02) 9158 6525
Photo of Candice Bailey, Counsellor in Sydney, NSW
Candice Bailey
Counsellor, PACFA
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Hello! I am Candice, founder of Connection Space Counselling. I'm a PACFA Registered Clinical Counsellor and a Certified Gottman Couples Therapist (Level 2). I specialise in individual counselling for anxiety, depression, trauma and self-esteem, as well as a range of relationship difficulties including conflict and communication challenges. I believe in the importance of self-care and connection to others to enhance our well-being and help individuals and couples to find balance and fulfilment in their lives.
Hello! I am Candice, founder of Connection Space Counselling. I'm a PACFA Registered Clinical Counsellor and a Certified Gottman Couples Therapist (Level 2). I specialise in individual counselling for anxiety, depression, trauma and self-esteem, as well as a range of relationship difficulties including conflict and communication challenges. I believe in the importance of self-care and connection to others to enhance our well-being and help individuals and couples to find balance and fulfilment in their lives.
(02) 9100 0858 View (02) 9100 0858
Photo of Vassilka Dimitrova, Psychotherapist in Sydney, NSW
Vassilka Dimitrova
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Brave souls, we live our lives to the best of our abilities; we aim to achieve our dreams with what life has to offer us. However, due to various reasons, and often beyond our control, we might hide from ourselves ... in ourselves, or in other people. Depression, anxiety, personality disorders, dissociative features, psychotic experiences ... We fall, we rise. We laugh, we love, we feel anger and pain. In a conversation with another we could find our way out of this state of being lost in these states. Recovery from trauma perhaps is not about forgetting the past; perhaps it's about expanding your Self, your narrative.
Brave souls, we live our lives to the best of our abilities; we aim to achieve our dreams with what life has to offer us. However, due to various reasons, and often beyond our control, we might hide from ourselves ... in ourselves, or in other people. Depression, anxiety, personality disorders, dissociative features, psychotic experiences ... We fall, we rise. We laugh, we love, we feel anger and pain. In a conversation with another we could find our way out of this state of being lost in these states. Recovery from trauma perhaps is not about forgetting the past; perhaps it's about expanding your Self, your narrative.
0493 627 800 View 0493 627 800
Photo of Maria Mitrou, Counsellor in Sydney, NSW
Maria Mitrou
Counsellor, ACA-L2
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Hi, and thank you for taking the time to read a little about me. I am a passionate Counselling professional assisting clients in reaching their full potential for many years, I provide therapy sessions in private practice, online and on the field.
Hi, and thank you for taking the time to read a little about me. I am a passionate Counselling professional assisting clients in reaching their full potential for many years, I provide therapy sessions in private practice, online and on the field.
(02) 8188 3939 View (02) 8188 3939
Photo of Jacob Lee, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Jacob Lee
Psychologist, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
Everyone can live a more fulfilling life, although thoughts and feelings make it easy to get stuck. I believe therapy offers space to take a step back and do our best thinking about 'whats working well?' and 'whats not working well?', when it comes to thoughts, feelings, and relationships. I work with people experiencing a wide range of difficult thoughts, feelings, and situations such as: anxiety, low mood, relationship stress, and low motivation.
Everyone can live a more fulfilling life, although thoughts and feelings make it easy to get stuck. I believe therapy offers space to take a step back and do our best thinking about 'whats working well?' and 'whats not working well?', when it comes to thoughts, feelings, and relationships. I work with people experiencing a wide range of difficult thoughts, feelings, and situations such as: anxiety, low mood, relationship stress, and low motivation.
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Photo of Luke Wright, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Luke Wright
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
I am a compassionate, non-judgemental and validating clinician who strives to facilitate a therapy environment where my clients can feel relaxed, understood and leave each session with new insights or skills to face life’s challenges, no matter what it might be! I believe that there is no one size fits all approach to therapy. My therapeutic approach puts my clients at the centre of their therapy journey, collaboratively working towards their own unique goals or values and tailoring a treatment modality that works for them.
I am a compassionate, non-judgemental and validating clinician who strives to facilitate a therapy environment where my clients can feel relaxed, understood and leave each session with new insights or skills to face life’s challenges, no matter what it might be! I believe that there is no one size fits all approach to therapy. My therapeutic approach puts my clients at the centre of their therapy journey, collaboratively working towards their own unique goals or values and tailoring a treatment modality that works for them.
(02) 8609 3742 View (02) 8609 3742
Photo of Katherine Sayer-Jones, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Katherine Sayer-Jones
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sydney, NSW 2000  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hello, my name is Katherine and I know starting therapy can be daunting. I'm a Clinical Psychologist who creates a safe and creative space for you to explore your inner workings with care. I like to bring kindness and a sense of humour to therapy so you can relax and be yourself. We will work on practical strategies first to get swift improvements, then move to longer term strategies if you choose. I encourage all new referrals, especially adults aged 16+ struggling with anxiety, trauma, depression, chronic stress, body image, weight concerns, or ADHD (diagnosed or questioning).
Hello, my name is Katherine and I know starting therapy can be daunting. I'm a Clinical Psychologist who creates a safe and creative space for you to explore your inner workings with care. I like to bring kindness and a sense of humour to therapy so you can relax and be yourself. We will work on practical strategies first to get swift improvements, then move to longer term strategies if you choose. I encourage all new referrals, especially adults aged 16+ struggling with anxiety, trauma, depression, chronic stress, body image, weight concerns, or ADHD (diagnosed or questioning).
(02) 9100 0809 View (02) 9100 0809
Photo of Eudaimonia HQ, Psychologist in Sydney, NSW
Eudaimonia HQ
Psychologist, MSc, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sydney, NSW 2000
Are you interested in actively engaging in a therapeutic process that fosters a positive and nurturing environment for well-being, personal growth, boosting self-esteem, and developing healthier coping strategies? I bring experience in providing support to individuals facing a range of challenges, such as anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, relationship complexities, and various disorders. Additionally, I have extensive expertise in working with neurodiverse clients. My commitment is to assist you on your unique journey toward lasting positive change and fulfillment.
Are you interested in actively engaging in a therapeutic process that fosters a positive and nurturing environment for well-being, personal growth, boosting self-esteem, and developing healthier coping strategies? I bring experience in providing support to individuals facing a range of challenges, such as anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, relationship complexities, and various disorders. Additionally, I have extensive expertise in working with neurodiverse clients. My commitment is to assist you on your unique journey toward lasting positive change and fulfillment.
(02) 9100 0484 View (02) 9100 0484
Payal Parmar
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000  (Online Only)
Please use email for any inquiries, including booking an appointment. While I am passionate about helping my clients with difficulties such as depression, anxiety, phobias, panic attacks and low self esteem, I also have a special interest in treating difficulties related to recent and past trauma, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Complex PTSD, recurring nightmares, dissociation, adult survivors of childhood neglect and abuse, and long term unhelpful patterns of relationship and/or behaviour.
Please use email for any inquiries, including booking an appointment. While I am passionate about helping my clients with difficulties such as depression, anxiety, phobias, panic attacks and low self esteem, I also have a special interest in treating difficulties related to recent and past trauma, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Complex PTSD, recurring nightmares, dissociation, adult survivors of childhood neglect and abuse, and long term unhelpful patterns of relationship and/or behaviour.
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Photo of Kate Deakin, Psychotherapist in Sydney, NSW
Kate Deakin
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Sydney, NSW 2000
I am a general psychotherapist, counsellor, body psychotherapist, meditation & embodiment teacher. I offer individual therapy & online grounding & embodiment meditation classes. I work with: -Anxiety, depression, difficult emotions -Self-esteem -Chronic pain -Insomnia -Relationship issues -Existential issues: fear of death, illness, isolation, uncertainty, change, loss -Lack of meaning (& fulfilment) -Life goals -'Psychosomatic' issues e.g. chronic fatigue, gastro issues -Grief -Sensitivity -Building resilience -Making decisions -Your relationship with time -'OCD' -'panic attacks' -General life challenges -Breathing related issues
I am a general psychotherapist, counsellor, body psychotherapist, meditation & embodiment teacher. I offer individual therapy & online grounding & embodiment meditation classes. I work with: -Anxiety, depression, difficult emotions -Self-esteem -Chronic pain -Insomnia -Relationship issues -Existential issues: fear of death, illness, isolation, uncertainty, change, loss -Lack of meaning (& fulfilment) -Life goals -'Psychosomatic' issues e.g. chronic fatigue, gastro issues -Grief -Sensitivity -Building resilience -Making decisions -Your relationship with time -'OCD' -'panic attacks' -General life challenges -Breathing related issues
(02) 9100 0463 View (02) 9100 0463

See more therapy options for Sydney

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Sydney, NSW

800+

Average cost per session

$175

Counsellors in Sydney, NSW who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
83% Depression
80% Stress
78% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% Medicare Rebates
51% Bupa
44% Medibank Private

How Counsellors in Sydney, NSW see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Sydney?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.