Therapists in Coeur d'Alene, ID

Photo of Journey Counseling, Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Journey Counseling
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCPC, PATP, EMDR
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
I journey with adult men who want to live more relational and healthy lives, who want recovery, and who have goals to be more connected to themselves, others, and their Higher Power. You may have had difficult things happen to you, or you may have unresolved pain, anger, fear, sorrow, or you may not be able to feel joy. Reach toward your goals of living more congruently with yourself and more connected to others!
I journey with adult men who want to live more relational and healthy lives, who want recovery, and who have goals to be more connected to themselves, others, and their Higher Power. You may have had difficult things happen to you, or you may have unresolved pain, anger, fear, sorrow, or you may not be able to feel joy. Reach toward your goals of living more congruently with yourself and more connected to others!
(208) 215-7754 View (208) 215-7754
Photo of Waves of Hope Counseling PLLC, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Waves of Hope Counseling PLLC
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MFTI
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Welcome to my Psychology Today profile; my name is Bonnie Martinez. I am a pre-licensed MFTI at Waves of Hope Counseling. I am a dedicated and compassionate therapist with a strong commitment to helping individuals navigate their mental health challenges and achieve personal growth. With a Master's degree in Counseling Psychology, over a year of direct experience in the field, and numerous years of experience with faith-based counseling in the church, I am equipped with the knowledge and skills to provide effective therapy to my clients.
Welcome to my Psychology Today profile; my name is Bonnie Martinez. I am a pre-licensed MFTI at Waves of Hope Counseling. I am a dedicated and compassionate therapist with a strong commitment to helping individuals navigate their mental health challenges and achieve personal growth. With a Master's degree in Counseling Psychology, over a year of direct experience in the field, and numerous years of experience with faith-based counseling in the church, I am equipped with the knowledge and skills to provide effective therapy to my clients.
(208) 987-1190 View (208) 987-1190
Photo of Janet Frakes Poorman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Janet Frakes Poorman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, ACADC
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
My clients would describe me as “warm, open, non-judgmental, and client focused”. It is a privilege to have the opportunity to hear someone’s story, and meet them on their journey. I spent the past four years in community health specializing in substance use and co-occurring mental health treatment. I am intrigued by trauma and how unresolved trauma affects the body. I am EMDR trained and use this modality to allow the natural healing powers of the brain move toward adaptive resolution of trauma. I also specialize in anxiety, depression, addiction, body awareness, brain spotting, and gender identity.
My clients would describe me as “warm, open, non-judgmental, and client focused”. It is a privilege to have the opportunity to hear someone’s story, and meet them on their journey. I spent the past four years in community health specializing in substance use and co-occurring mental health treatment. I am intrigued by trauma and how unresolved trauma affects the body. I am EMDR trained and use this modality to allow the natural healing powers of the brain move toward adaptive resolution of trauma. I also specialize in anxiety, depression, addiction, body awareness, brain spotting, and gender identity.
(208) 203-7797 View (208) 203-7797
Photo of Whitney Baker, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Whitney Baker
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
If you're finding yourself here, perhaps you're navigating through a period of anxiety, facing the echoes of past traumas, or you're in the midst of life changes that feel overwhelmingly complex. You might be someone who values deep, meaningful relationships, yet finds yourself struggling with creating or maintaining these connections, whether with a partner, family members, or within your circle of friends. If these words resonate with you, know that you're not alone in these experiences.
If you're finding yourself here, perhaps you're navigating through a period of anxiety, facing the echoes of past traumas, or you're in the midst of life changes that feel overwhelmingly complex. You might be someone who values deep, meaningful relationships, yet finds yourself struggling with creating or maintaining these connections, whether with a partner, family members, or within your circle of friends. If these words resonate with you, know that you're not alone in these experiences.
(208) 408-8961 View (208) 408-8961
Photo of Jonathan Whiting, Psychologist in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Jonathan Whiting
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83815
As I see it, the goal of therapy is to help people live more meaningful, integrated, and satisfying lives. Life is endlessly complex and it can be overwhelming to try to understand one's place in the world. Pain and suffering are an ongoing part of life, and unfortunately they often become barriers to engaging with the many wonderful things in life such as love, friendship, fun, work, and play. It is my belief that pain and suffering can offer unique insight into what makes life meaningful to us, and that the discovery of meaning will allow us to live full and satisfying lives.
As I see it, the goal of therapy is to help people live more meaningful, integrated, and satisfying lives. Life is endlessly complex and it can be overwhelming to try to understand one's place in the world. Pain and suffering are an ongoing part of life, and unfortunately they often become barriers to engaging with the many wonderful things in life such as love, friendship, fun, work, and play. It is my belief that pain and suffering can offer unique insight into what makes life meaningful to us, and that the discovery of meaning will allow us to live full and satisfying lives.
View
Photo of Grace Ridge Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Grace Ridge Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LAMFT
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Waitlist for new clients
Hello and Welcome! My name is Lauren Luchini, I am a Licensed Associate Marriage and Family Therapist in Coeur d'Alene, called Grace Ridge Counseling. Beware, I am not your average therapist! You will be challenged. You may even be uncomfortable. Therapy is up close, personal, and truthfully it's not always pretty. Its raw, its honest, and it can get messy. I am here to support you whether its a life transition, a loss, conflict with a loved one, or just need a safe place to process any trauma that you may be holding on too. Life is not meant to be lived alone, we are human beings we are meant for love, relationships, and community.
Hello and Welcome! My name is Lauren Luchini, I am a Licensed Associate Marriage and Family Therapist in Coeur d'Alene, called Grace Ridge Counseling. Beware, I am not your average therapist! You will be challenged. You may even be uncomfortable. Therapy is up close, personal, and truthfully it's not always pretty. Its raw, its honest, and it can get messy. I am here to support you whether its a life transition, a loss, conflict with a loved one, or just need a safe place to process any trauma that you may be holding on too. Life is not meant to be lived alone, we are human beings we are meant for love, relationships, and community.
(208) 974-5833 View (208) 974-5833
Photo of Life Solutions - Clinical Psychologist in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Life Solutions - Clinical Psychologist
PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814  (Online Only)
What if I told you I could show you how to reduce the negativity in your life by 50%? What if I told you that it's possible to slash it by 95%? I specialize, almost exclusively, in treating fear. Why? Fear is the cause of all the negativity in our lives. And fear manifests in our lives as anxiety and depression.
What if I told you I could show you how to reduce the negativity in your life by 50%? What if I told you that it's possible to slash it by 95%? I specialize, almost exclusively, in treating fear. Why? Fear is the cause of all the negativity in our lives. And fear manifests in our lives as anxiety and depression.
(208) 510-0711 View (208) 510-0711
Photo of Haley Scott, LPC Intern in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Haley Scott
LPC Intern, Intern
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Hello! I’m Haley. I’m a Counseling intern at Up North Counseling. I’m currently accepting new clients. I strive to support my clients in achieving their goals to live a healthier lifestyle. I aspire to form meaningful, therapeutic relationships in the work that I do. I want to make my clients feel like my office is their safe space where they feel they can express themselves openly without judgment. Let’s schedule a consultation to see if I can be the right fit for you! I look forward to getting to know you and helping you achieve the life you want.
Hello! I’m Haley. I’m a Counseling intern at Up North Counseling. I’m currently accepting new clients. I strive to support my clients in achieving their goals to live a healthier lifestyle. I aspire to form meaningful, therapeutic relationships in the work that I do. I want to make my clients feel like my office is their safe space where they feel they can express themselves openly without judgment. Let’s schedule a consultation to see if I can be the right fit for you! I look forward to getting to know you and helping you achieve the life you want.
(208) 944-1011 View (208) 944-1011
Photo of Christina Tempesta, Marriage & Family Therapist in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Christina Tempesta
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Waitlist for new clients
I am passionate in assisting individuals, children, teens, families and couples to strive for their best self by making use of their strengths and encouraging compassion. Life and relationships are full of challenging, yet rewarding transitions. These transitions provide an opportunity to better understand ourselves and to strengthen our relationships. When we recognize and understand our patterns of behavior we can then decide how we want to address them.
I am passionate in assisting individuals, children, teens, families and couples to strive for their best self by making use of their strengths and encouraging compassion. Life and relationships are full of challenging, yet rewarding transitions. These transitions provide an opportunity to better understand ourselves and to strengthen our relationships. When we recognize and understand our patterns of behavior we can then decide how we want to address them.
(208) 243-8060 View (208) 243-8060
Photo of Lifehouse Healthcare, Marriage & Family Therapist in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Lifehouse Healthcare
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LCSW, NP, MSW
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Waitlist for new clients
An approach to medicine that emphasizes treating the person as a whole, with special attention to the interconnections of the mind and body and of the systems within the body. We provide integrated behavioral mental health and primary care services with an approach focusing on your physical, mental, spiritual, and social health needs.
An approach to medicine that emphasizes treating the person as a whole, with special attention to the interconnections of the mind and body and of the systems within the body. We provide integrated behavioral mental health and primary care services with an approach focusing on your physical, mental, spiritual, and social health needs.
(208) 667-3113 View (208) 667-3113
Photo of Chelsea Brouse, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Chelsea Brouse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Hello! I am currently accepting New Clients. As a therapist, my mission is to help clients heal from their past and grow into their best selves. Whether you're facing anxiety, trauma, or relationship issues, I'll support you in finding strategies to overcome them. My aim is for you to gain confidence in navigating life's challenges, even after our sessions end. Drawing on my professional training and personal experiences, I'm here to assist you in overcoming obstacles.
Hello! I am currently accepting New Clients. As a therapist, my mission is to help clients heal from their past and grow into their best selves. Whether you're facing anxiety, trauma, or relationship issues, I'll support you in finding strategies to overcome them. My aim is for you to gain confidence in navigating life's challenges, even after our sessions end. Drawing on my professional training and personal experiences, I'm here to assist you in overcoming obstacles.
(208) 428-4491 View (208) 428-4491
Photo of Ashlynn Wigen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Ashlynn Wigen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Hi there, I’m Ashlynn and I am currently Accepting New Clients! Deciding to take that first step towards healing on your counseling journey can feel intimidating. I strive to create a safe, compassionate environment for my clients. I believe that each person that steps into my office is a unique individual who is ultimately the expert on their own life. I am here to offer support, encouragement, guidance and new perspectives along the way. I find it to be both an honor and a privilege to be trusted with your story and your vulnerability.
Hi there, I’m Ashlynn and I am currently Accepting New Clients! Deciding to take that first step towards healing on your counseling journey can feel intimidating. I strive to create a safe, compassionate environment for my clients. I believe that each person that steps into my office is a unique individual who is ultimately the expert on their own life. I am here to offer support, encouragement, guidance and new perspectives along the way. I find it to be both an honor and a privilege to be trusted with your story and your vulnerability.
(208) 261-4501 View (208) 261-4501
Photo of Jeremiah M McCabe, LPC Intern in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Jeremiah M McCabe
LPC Intern, MS
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
My intention is to help facilitate growth by providing a safe environment free from judgment. My approach to counseling is focused on empowerment, learning about you and the obstacles you are facing, and promoting growth through evidence-based treatment approaches. During the counseling process, my role is to ensure that you are respected and supported while attaining your goals. I enjoy working with adults living with a variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions.
My intention is to help facilitate growth by providing a safe environment free from judgment. My approach to counseling is focused on empowerment, learning about you and the obstacles you are facing, and promoting growth through evidence-based treatment approaches. During the counseling process, my role is to ensure that you are respected and supported while attaining your goals. I enjoy working with adults living with a variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions.
(208) 747-0824 View (208) 747-0824
Photo of Julie C Thibault, Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Julie C Thibault
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Saturday and evening appointments available. I work with adolescents and adults who are struggling with various emotional and behavioral issues and are seeking guidance. Therapy is a place for you to feel comfortable and respected without judgment. I will work together with you to identify the concerns and obstacles you are facing. Together we will discover your strengths and learn to use them to empower you to make changes. With these new tools, you will improve your life and find the happiness and success you deserve.
Saturday and evening appointments available. I work with adolescents and adults who are struggling with various emotional and behavioral issues and are seeking guidance. Therapy is a place for you to feel comfortable and respected without judgment. I will work together with you to identify the concerns and obstacles you are facing. Together we will discover your strengths and learn to use them to empower you to make changes. With these new tools, you will improve your life and find the happiness and success you deserve.
(208) 314-4069 View (208) 314-4069
Photo of Rebecca Bradley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Rebecca Bradley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LAMFT, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy working with couples and individuals. As humans, we all have the same needs- to be seen, heard, and valued. Whether it is family history, trauma, trust issues, control, betrayal, or current stressors, creating connection and bonding is at the center or our work. The process can be hard, emotional, or feel impossible at times, but I believe in our desire to grow and be better. We all want healing and growth, both in self and relationships. Come see me, lets put in the work, and create something meaningful.
I enjoy working with couples and individuals. As humans, we all have the same needs- to be seen, heard, and valued. Whether it is family history, trauma, trust issues, control, betrayal, or current stressors, creating connection and bonding is at the center or our work. The process can be hard, emotional, or feel impossible at times, but I believe in our desire to grow and be better. We all want healing and growth, both in self and relationships. Come see me, lets put in the work, and create something meaningful.
(208) 218-8325 View (208) 218-8325
Photo of Jerry Dean Sichelstiel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Jerry Dean Sichelstiel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Everyone needs a little help some times and some of us need a lot of help all of the time, either way I'm here to guide you through the fog to the light on the other side. I love to help wherever I can, but I work especially well with depression and anxiety, with teenagers, and with families.
Everyone needs a little help some times and some of us need a lot of help all of the time, either way I'm here to guide you through the fog to the light on the other side. I love to help wherever I can, but I work especially well with depression and anxiety, with teenagers, and with families.
(208) 423-1653 View (208) 423-1653
Photo of Teri Hansen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Teri Hansen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LMHC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Not accepting new clients
I specialize in working with couples in all stages of their relationships - from those who are dating or engaged, to newly married or navigating life with children or facing issues related to blended families, to those who have been together for decades. I also work with individuals navigating divorce, helping them process the challenges that come with that journey so they can come out on the other side in a healthy way. When clients arrive at the first session nervous or ambivalent about whether counseling can really help, I focus on putting them at ease and building confidence in their own ability to create the change they want.
I specialize in working with couples in all stages of their relationships - from those who are dating or engaged, to newly married or navigating life with children or facing issues related to blended families, to those who have been together for decades. I also work with individuals navigating divorce, helping them process the challenges that come with that journey so they can come out on the other side in a healthy way. When clients arrive at the first session nervous or ambivalent about whether counseling can really help, I focus on putting them at ease and building confidence in their own ability to create the change they want.
(208) 205-9916 View (208) 205-9916
Photo of Empowered Through Play, LLC, Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Empowered Through Play, LLC
Counselor, LCPC, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83815
A Place for Children, Adolescents, Families and Adults; to Play, Heal, and Grow. We provide an atmosphere of respect and dignity where each individual and family can be served. Our clinicians work with each individual and family to create practical and effective ways of solving the client’s concerns, issues and problems. Our Clinical staff are all licensed professionals in counseling (adults and children), therapeutic development, family therapy and psychology. Our staff are certified to offer Play Therapy, EMDR, Sand Play/Sand Tray, Autplay, TFCBT and other treatment modalities.
A Place for Children, Adolescents, Families and Adults; to Play, Heal, and Grow. We provide an atmosphere of respect and dignity where each individual and family can be served. Our clinicians work with each individual and family to create practical and effective ways of solving the client’s concerns, issues and problems. Our Clinical staff are all licensed professionals in counseling (adults and children), therapeutic development, family therapy and psychology. Our staff are certified to offer Play Therapy, EMDR, Sand Play/Sand Tray, Autplay, TFCBT and other treatment modalities.
(208) 974-9105 View (208) 974-9105
Photo of Beverly Oh, Licensed Professional Counselor in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Beverly Oh
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
Many events and circumstances unfold beyond our control, the power lies in how we interpret those experiences. The way we perceive and interpret events determines the emotional and psychological impact they have on us. By framing an experience in a positive light, we empower ourselves to find meaning, resilience, and personal growth in the face of adversity. On the other hand, a negative or disempowering view can contribute to feelings of helplessness, frustration, and hopelessness, hindering our ability to move forward.
Many events and circumstances unfold beyond our control, the power lies in how we interpret those experiences. The way we perceive and interpret events determines the emotional and psychological impact they have on us. By framing an experience in a positive light, we empower ourselves to find meaning, resilience, and personal growth in the face of adversity. On the other hand, a negative or disempowering view can contribute to feelings of helplessness, frustration, and hopelessness, hindering our ability to move forward.
(208) 886-5708 View (208) 886-5708
Photo of Scott A. Burke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Coeur d'Alene, ID
Scott A. Burke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83815
I enjoy working with children, adolescents and young adults but will work with most any person. I really enjoy working with people who are willing to take on some out-of-session work and return with insights or at least insight about what's not working. I see my job as helping to remove barriers to the experience of feeling whole, safe and complete and I have many tools to help remove those barriers. Our job will be to find the Centered Self and learn ways to return to that Self more often during the day as we can.
I enjoy working with children, adolescents and young adults but will work with most any person. I really enjoy working with people who are willing to take on some out-of-session work and return with insights or at least insight about what's not working. I see my job as helping to remove barriers to the experience of feeling whole, safe and complete and I have many tools to help remove those barriers. Our job will be to find the Centered Self and learn ways to return to that Self more often during the day as we can.
(208) 666-0357 View (208) 666-0357

See more therapy options for Coeur d'Alene

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Coeur d'Alene, ID

100+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Coeur d'Alene, ID who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
87% Depression
79% Trauma and PTSD
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
67% Coping Skills
66% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% Blue Cross
65% Regence

How Therapists in Coeur d'Alene, ID see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Coeur d'Alene?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.