Photo of Sean Cox, MA, CCTP-I, Pre-Licensed Professional
Sean Cox
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CCTP-I
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601
Many of us go through life carrying limiting beliefs and behaviors that seem to sabotage our efforts to grow and connect with others. I believe these patterns are not disorders to be cured, but ways our mind and body have adapted to survive. For many, these patterns involve anxiety, depression, anger, and addiction. Our task in therapy involves identifying these ineffective patterns and collaborating to rewrite them, one small action at a time. This leads to growth, healing, and ultimately, self-acceptance.
Many of us go through life carrying limiting beliefs and behaviors that seem to sabotage our efforts to grow and connect with others. I believe these patterns are not disorders to be cured, but ways our mind and body have adapted to survive. For many, these patterns involve anxiety, depression, anger, and addiction. Our task in therapy involves identifying these ineffective patterns and collaborating to rewrite them, one small action at a time. This leads to growth, healing, and ultimately, self-acceptance.
(717) 788-5964 View (717) 788-5964
Photo of Dr. Dan Pezzulo, PhD, ABSNP, NSCP, LCSW, CBIS
Dr. Dan Pezzulo
PhD, ABSNP, NSCP, LCSW, CBIS
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601
Dr. Dan Pezzulo has been providing psychological, educational, & counseling services for over 30 years. Dr. Dan is passionate about helping people with Anxiety Disorders; Adult ADHD; Learning Disabilities; Vocational, College, or Career uncertainty; people seeking Accommodations for high-stakes tests (e.g., SAT, GRE, MCAT, LSAT), college, or graduate school; and, parents trying to better understand and obtain Special Education & Related Services for their school age children.
Dr. Dan Pezzulo has been providing psychological, educational, & counseling services for over 30 years. Dr. Dan is passionate about helping people with Anxiety Disorders; Adult ADHD; Learning Disabilities; Vocational, College, or Career uncertainty; people seeking Accommodations for high-stakes tests (e.g., SAT, GRE, MCAT, LSAT), college, or graduate school; and, parents trying to better understand and obtain Special Education & Related Services for their school age children.
(717) 775-6841 View (717) 775-6841
Photo of Malinda Sutphin, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Malinda Sutphin
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
Are you feeling misunderstood and unseen? Overwhelmed and stressed out? Those are absolutely valid reasons to seek counseling! The counseling relationship is a collaborative process between the client and counselor that can spark positive growth in your life. By using creative interventions that address your main concerns, the counseling process can be even more impactful. If you are in need of a therapist who is compassionate, ready to listen and eager to help, please give me a call today! (I am in the Lanc office Wed, Thurs & I am only in the Qville office on Tuesdays at this time).
Are you feeling misunderstood and unseen? Overwhelmed and stressed out? Those are absolutely valid reasons to seek counseling! The counseling relationship is a collaborative process between the client and counselor that can spark positive growth in your life. By using creative interventions that address your main concerns, the counseling process can be even more impactful. If you are in need of a therapist who is compassionate, ready to listen and eager to help, please give me a call today! (I am in the Lanc office Wed, Thurs & I am only in the Qville office on Tuesdays at this time).
(717) 493-6002 View (717) 493-6002
Photo of Shayla Boyd, MSW, LSW, CCTP, Counselor
Shayla Boyd
Counselor, MSW, LSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601
Hello! I am passionate about collaborating with diverse clients who are seeking to improve their overall wellbeing. It is my goal to provide a safe, non-judgmental environment where you feel comfortable being open and honest. I work from a holistic perspective while also utilizing evidence-based therapeutic interventions. I believe it is important to incorporate your strengths throughout treatment, including personal characteristics, passions, and or hobbies. I have experience working with those who have endured trauma, LGBTQ plus issues, relational conflict, anxiety, and depression.
Hello! I am passionate about collaborating with diverse clients who are seeking to improve their overall wellbeing. It is my goal to provide a safe, non-judgmental environment where you feel comfortable being open and honest. I work from a holistic perspective while also utilizing evidence-based therapeutic interventions. I believe it is important to incorporate your strengths throughout treatment, including personal characteristics, passions, and or hobbies. I have experience working with those who have endured trauma, LGBTQ plus issues, relational conflict, anxiety, and depression.
(717) 647-5459 View (717) 647-5459
Photo of Tracie R Hassell, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracie R Hassell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
In today’s society it is sometimes difficult to manage our mental health. We become anxious, depressed and sometimes our relationships suffer. Many of us suffer from traumatic experiences that we have not properly processed. It is important to find ways to cope with our anxiety, overcome our depression, process our trauma and learn to communicate in a positive manner in order to build healthy relationships with others as well as with ourselves.
In today’s society it is sometimes difficult to manage our mental health. We become anxious, depressed and sometimes our relationships suffer. Many of us suffer from traumatic experiences that we have not properly processed. It is important to find ways to cope with our anxiety, overcome our depression, process our trauma and learn to communicate in a positive manner in order to build healthy relationships with others as well as with ourselves.
(717) 820-9129 View (717) 820-9129
Photo of Brittney Nicole Schmoyer - Britt Schmoyer, LCSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Britt Schmoyer, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
Many of us find ourselves without a space to process our lives, relationships, as well as the weight of a world and systems that are unjust and unsafe. If you are seeking care that holds space for humanity while also challenging oppressive beliefs and systems, appreciates experience over diagnosis, and supports creativity and difference; I would be honored to collaborate with you. Let's explore opportunities to build meaning and connection, navigate experiences of stress and complex emotions, and overcome personal and environmental barriers.
Many of us find ourselves without a space to process our lives, relationships, as well as the weight of a world and systems that are unjust and unsafe. If you are seeking care that holds space for humanity while also challenging oppressive beliefs and systems, appreciates experience over diagnosis, and supports creativity and difference; I would be honored to collaborate with you. Let's explore opportunities to build meaning and connection, navigate experiences of stress and complex emotions, and overcome personal and environmental barriers.
(717) 946-8215 View (717) 946-8215
Photo of Adam Hultstrand (Individual And Dbt Group Openings), MDiv, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Adam Hultstrand (Individual And Dbt Group Openings)
Pre-Licensed Professional, MDiv, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
To those who know me best, I am considered a genuine “encourager” of people, compassionate yet direct. You don't have to journey through life alone. I seek to create a safe and confidential space for children, adults, couples, and families to process life and find greater purpose, healing and joy. I have graduate degrees in both theology and counseling with over 20 years of experience. I enjoy working with people from all backgrounds in a strengths-based way that infuses hope. I integrate a variety of relational and experiential approaches to best meet your needs and will use faith based counseling for those interested.
To those who know me best, I am considered a genuine “encourager” of people, compassionate yet direct. You don't have to journey through life alone. I seek to create a safe and confidential space for children, adults, couples, and families to process life and find greater purpose, healing and joy. I have graduate degrees in both theology and counseling with over 20 years of experience. I enjoy working with people from all backgrounds in a strengths-based way that infuses hope. I integrate a variety of relational and experiential approaches to best meet your needs and will use faith based counseling for those interested.
(717) 837-5266 View (717) 837-5266
Photo of Carrie Nicklas, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Carrie Nicklas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601
I have a heart to serve individuals going through difficult times in their lives. I work with clients facing depression, anxiety, anger, post-traumatic stress, and adjustment disorders. Individuals and families find encouragement and support while facing grief and loss, separation and divorce, abuse, and other stressful or traumatic events. They find healing from past pain and hope for a better future through the therapeutic process.
I have a heart to serve individuals going through difficult times in their lives. I work with clients facing depression, anxiety, anger, post-traumatic stress, and adjustment disorders. Individuals and families find encouragement and support while facing grief and loss, separation and divorce, abuse, and other stressful or traumatic events. They find healing from past pain and hope for a better future through the therapeutic process.
(717) 488-2266 View (717) 488-2266
Photo of Aurora Gonzalez, MS, LPC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aurora Gonzalez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601  (Online Only)
I specialize in helping individuals achieve their Best Self. Be it in healing from trauma, managing anxiety, depression, and mood disorders, or dealing with life challenges such as addiction, relationship issues, divorce, and grief- my goal is to help you be your Best You through everything. I have over 23 years of experience in counseling and helping others explore their past, live better in the present, and face the future with renewed hope. Working on you while managing life's challenges gives us all the opportunity to live our most authentic life.
I specialize in helping individuals achieve their Best Self. Be it in healing from trauma, managing anxiety, depression, and mood disorders, or dealing with life challenges such as addiction, relationship issues, divorce, and grief- my goal is to help you be your Best You through everything. I have over 23 years of experience in counseling and helping others explore their past, live better in the present, and face the future with renewed hope. Working on you while managing life's challenges gives us all the opportunity to live our most authentic life.
(717) 483-7103 View (717) 483-7103
Photo of Pamela J Kimmel, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pamela J Kimmel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601  (Online Only)
I am a client-centered therapist that believes that the client is the number one priority. I believe in supporting the whole person and using holistic therapies wherever they can be used. I am currently licensed in both California and Pennsylvania
I am a client-centered therapist that believes that the client is the number one priority. I believe in supporting the whole person and using holistic therapies wherever they can be used. I am currently licensed in both California and Pennsylvania
(717) 452-9655 View (717) 452-9655
Photo of Karen Madeira, LPC, MEd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Karen Madeira
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601
Life's challenges can seem so overwhelming at times that we lose sight of our inner strength. Together, we will nurture and rebuild that strength so that life can feel good again! Imagine the life of a seed - buried beneath the dark, lonely, constricting soil. If the seed considered its future, it would feel bleak and hopeless. Yet within that seed lies the unseen power to break through the soil with strength and grace. We are in many ways, just like that seed - full of potential! Whether you are seeking help for your child or yourself - I am here for you. Just as importantly, I will be here to encourage you with a caring heart!
Life's challenges can seem so overwhelming at times that we lose sight of our inner strength. Together, we will nurture and rebuild that strength so that life can feel good again! Imagine the life of a seed - buried beneath the dark, lonely, constricting soil. If the seed considered its future, it would feel bleak and hopeless. Yet within that seed lies the unseen power to break through the soil with strength and grace. We are in many ways, just like that seed - full of potential! Whether you are seeking help for your child or yourself - I am here for you. Just as importantly, I will be here to encourage you with a caring heart!
(484) 528-0072 View (484) 528-0072
Photo of Joshua Nice, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joshua Nice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
I’m interested in how trauma and life transitions impact how you feel about yourself and your relationship with the world. I will work with you on trauma, self-harm, identity and self-esteem, attachment struggles, individual, family, and group relationship dynamics, domestic violence, and relational boundaries – and how these factors and mental health symptoms play out in patterns in people’s lives. Note that I offer therapy to individuals and not group or family therapy sessions.
I’m interested in how trauma and life transitions impact how you feel about yourself and your relationship with the world. I will work with you on trauma, self-harm, identity and self-esteem, attachment struggles, individual, family, and group relationship dynamics, domestic violence, and relational boundaries – and how these factors and mental health symptoms play out in patterns in people’s lives. Note that I offer therapy to individuals and not group or family therapy sessions.
(717) 219-4864 x1 View (717) 219-4864 x1
Photo of Rochelle Stoltzfus - In Process Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor
In Process Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
Waitlist for new clients
In Process Counseling exists to provide quality mental health services and inspire individuals and helping professionals to engage the process of learning, healing, and holistic growth. Our vision is to transform individuals, families, and communities through mental health services, by helping clients develop their full potential to live wholeheartedly and positively impact their personal and professional circles. Our therapists focus on mental health from a holistic perspective meaning that we view people, their problems, and effective treatment from a biological, psychological, social, and spiritual perspective.
In Process Counseling exists to provide quality mental health services and inspire individuals and helping professionals to engage the process of learning, healing, and holistic growth. Our vision is to transform individuals, families, and communities through mental health services, by helping clients develop their full potential to live wholeheartedly and positively impact their personal and professional circles. Our therapists focus on mental health from a holistic perspective meaning that we view people, their problems, and effective treatment from a biological, psychological, social, and spiritual perspective.
(717) 844-9161 x6 View (717) 844-9161 x6
Photo of Matt Brown, MA, LPC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Matt Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
Whether you're facing addiction, eating disorders, trauma, self-esteem challenges, anxiety, or depression, understanding and navigating these struggles can be overwhelming. I provide support for individuals seeking clarity and relief. Additionally, I specialize in helping couples enhance and strengthen their relationships. Let's work together to address your unique needs and goals.
Whether you're facing addiction, eating disorders, trauma, self-esteem challenges, anxiety, or depression, understanding and navigating these struggles can be overwhelming. I provide support for individuals seeking clarity and relief. Additionally, I specialize in helping couples enhance and strengthen their relationships. Let's work together to address your unique needs and goals.
(717) 536-8593 View (717) 536-8593
Photo of Jenee Bare, MA, NCC, Counselor
Jenee Bare
Counselor, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601
Individuals, couples and families can become stuck in unhealthy patterns and then feel hopeless that things will never be different. I enjoy hearing client's unique stories and holding the hope for change until clients have reclaimed their hope. Specific areas of experience include: anxiety, depression, grief/loss, transitions, parenting struggles, addictions, ADHD, and learning disorders.
Individuals, couples and families can become stuck in unhealthy patterns and then feel hopeless that things will never be different. I enjoy hearing client's unique stories and holding the hope for change until clients have reclaimed their hope. Specific areas of experience include: anxiety, depression, grief/loss, transitions, parenting struggles, addictions, ADHD, and learning disorders.
(717) 200-8891 View (717) 200-8891
Photo of Constance Alexander, MS, LPC, LBS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Constance Alexander
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LBS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Behavior Specialist in the state of Pennsylvania. I will be providing services completely through telehealth/video sessions. I have worked in the field for 16 years in a variety of roles. I am experienced and comfortable with a wide range of clinical areas, including Autism, Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, and ADHD. I work with adolescents, adults, and children if they are appropriate for telehealth. I am experienced working with individuals from a variety of cultural backgrounds and sexual/gender orientations.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Behavior Specialist in the state of Pennsylvania. I will be providing services completely through telehealth/video sessions. I have worked in the field for 16 years in a variety of roles. I am experienced and comfortable with a wide range of clinical areas, including Autism, Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, and ADHD. I work with adolescents, adults, and children if they are appropriate for telehealth. I am experienced working with individuals from a variety of cultural backgrounds and sexual/gender orientations.
(717) 366-8197 View (717) 366-8197
Photo of Erika Snitzer, Pre-Licensed Professional
Erika Snitzer
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Lancaster, PA 17601
Life can be challenging. I help adolescents and adults manage life transitions, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, grief/loss, and the process of making meaning at every life stage. I am open to working with individuals and couples. I can help adolescents navigate the challenges of the teen years, guide adults through parenting and relationship concerns, or help older adults to thrive in an ever-changing landscape. I can help you navigate new feelings, identity concerns, ADHD, parenting issues, relationship concerns, issues of aging, grief and loss, or adjustment to illness, caregiving, or lifestyle changes.
Life can be challenging. I help adolescents and adults manage life transitions, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, grief/loss, and the process of making meaning at every life stage. I am open to working with individuals and couples. I can help adolescents navigate the challenges of the teen years, guide adults through parenting and relationship concerns, or help older adults to thrive in an ever-changing landscape. I can help you navigate new feelings, identity concerns, ADHD, parenting issues, relationship concerns, issues of aging, grief and loss, or adjustment to illness, caregiving, or lifestyle changes.
(717) 748-4569 View (717) 748-4569
Photo of Jennifer C Collins - Ebb & Flow Counseling + Coaching, PLLC, PsyD, MSCP, Psychologist
Ebb & Flow Counseling + Coaching, PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD, MSCP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601  (Online Only)
Ebb & Flow Counseling + Coaching would be honored to work with you on your emotional well-being goals. We specialize in work/life balance, burnout, infertility, third party reproduction, women's health, relationships, anxiety, and stress management. We especially enjoy working with professional women who strive to "do it all well." Our focus together will be to help you navigate the ebbs and flows of life more effectively, finding balance and strength.
Ebb & Flow Counseling + Coaching would be honored to work with you on your emotional well-being goals. We specialize in work/life balance, burnout, infertility, third party reproduction, women's health, relationships, anxiety, and stress management. We especially enjoy working with professional women who strive to "do it all well." Our focus together will be to help you navigate the ebbs and flows of life more effectively, finding balance and strength.
(717) 388-3923 View (717) 388-3923
Photo of Sophia Ellis Kreider, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sophia Ellis Kreider
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601  (Online Only)
I am passionate about supporting clients who are coping with a significant loss or life transition, whether through death, divorce, change of profession, infertility, pregnancy, or postpartum. My 14+ years as a bereavement counselor have honed my skills in providing education that will enable clients in discerning how to move through challenges, grow self-awareness, nurture self-compassion, and recognize those parts of themselves that are helpful versus those they'd like to change. My training as an IFS informed therapist is key to how I work with clients and in creating a safe, non-judgmental place in which to heal and evolve.
I am passionate about supporting clients who are coping with a significant loss or life transition, whether through death, divorce, change of profession, infertility, pregnancy, or postpartum. My 14+ years as a bereavement counselor have honed my skills in providing education that will enable clients in discerning how to move through challenges, grow self-awareness, nurture self-compassion, and recognize those parts of themselves that are helpful versus those they'd like to change. My training as an IFS informed therapist is key to how I work with clients and in creating a safe, non-judgmental place in which to heal and evolve.
(717) 218-3008 View (717) 218-3008
Photo of Nikki Leigh Andruscavage, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nikki Leigh Andruscavage
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lancaster, PA 17601
As a therapist, I specialize in helping children, teens, and adults navigate challenges such as depression, behavioral issues, autism, ADHD, anxiety, and stress. My approach is rooted in empathy and understanding, creating a safe space where clients feel heard and supported. Through tailored strategies and compassionate guidance, I empower individuals to build resilience, manage emotions, and foster meaningful connections. I believe in the transformative power of therapy to inspire growth and enhance overall well-being at every stage of life.
As a therapist, I specialize in helping children, teens, and adults navigate challenges such as depression, behavioral issues, autism, ADHD, anxiety, and stress. My approach is rooted in empathy and understanding, creating a safe space where clients feel heard and supported. Through tailored strategies and compassionate guidance, I empower individuals to build resilience, manage emotions, and foster meaningful connections. I believe in the transformative power of therapy to inspire growth and enhance overall well-being at every stage of life.
(717) 788-5951 View (717) 788-5951
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 17601

200+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in 17601 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
81% Self Esteem
74% Stress
72% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Highmark
66% BlueCross and BlueShield
66% Capital Blue Cross

How Therapists in 17601 see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 17601?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.