Photo of Varinder S Rathore MD, Psychiatrist in New York
Varinder S Rathore MD
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fishkill, NY 12524
"I am Double Board Certified in Adult Psychiatry & Addiction Psychiatry and an expert in MICA (Mentally Ill-Chemical Abuse) patients. I was born and raised in the Hudson Valley and thus feel a distinct sense of pride practicing here. I completed my Adult Psychiatry Residency at Albany Medical Center & Addiction Psychiatry Fellowship at Albert Einstein Medical Center where he was an Assistant Professor. I have years of experience in treating patients with a vast range of psychiatric conditions including Major Depression, Anxiety, Panic Attacks, Bipolar Disorder and ADD/ADHD.
"I am Double Board Certified in Adult Psychiatry & Addiction Psychiatry and an expert in MICA (Mentally Ill-Chemical Abuse) patients. I was born and raised in the Hudson Valley and thus feel a distinct sense of pride practicing here. I completed my Adult Psychiatry Residency at Albany Medical Center & Addiction Psychiatry Fellowship at Albert Einstein Medical Center where he was an Assistant Professor. I have years of experience in treating patients with a vast range of psychiatric conditions including Major Depression, Anxiety, Panic Attacks, Bipolar Disorder and ADD/ADHD.
(845) 478-6594 View (845) 478-6594
Photo of Matthew Benjamin Smith, Psychiatrist in New York
Matthew Benjamin Smith
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
I have additional experience in treating people with attention deficit disorder, brain injuries, and chronic pain syndromes.
I am a general adult psychiatrist, practicing individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, couple psychotherapy, psychopharmacology, and neuropsychiatry. My approach can be described as eclectic and practical. I routinely treat people with mood disorders, anxiety disrders, addiction disorders, and personality disorders.
I have additional experience in treating people with attention deficit disorder, brain injuries, and chronic pain syndromes.
I am a general adult psychiatrist, practicing individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, couple psychotherapy, psychopharmacology, and neuropsychiatry. My approach can be described as eclectic and practical. I routinely treat people with mood disorders, anxiety disrders, addiction disorders, and personality disorders.
(646) 832-4841 View (646) 832-4841
Photo of Noam Koenigsberg, Psychiatrist in New York
Noam Koenigsberg
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10025  (Online Only)
I specialize in ADHD in both adults and adolescents.
I am a board certified psychiatrist with a telepsychiatric practice seeing patients in Florida and NY. I am licensed in Both Florida and New York states. My concierge practice specializes in medication management to treat psychiatric issues including ADHD, anxiety, depression, and all other psychiatric needs of the patient. I approach each client in a nonjudgmental manner to help decrease and eliminate symptoms and achieve treatment goals. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each individual.
I specialize in ADHD in both adults and adolescents.
I am a board certified psychiatrist with a telepsychiatric practice seeing patients in Florida and NY. I am licensed in Both Florida and New York states. My concierge practice specializes in medication management to treat psychiatric issues including ADHD, anxiety, depression, and all other psychiatric needs of the patient. I approach each client in a nonjudgmental manner to help decrease and eliminate symptoms and achieve treatment goals. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each individual.
(332) 263-3922 View (332) 263-3922
Photo of Scott M. Albin, Psychiatrist in New York
Scott M. Albin
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Garden City, NY 11530
Albin has additional subspecialty interest in the treatment of ADHD, Autism, Learning Disabilities, Anxiety, Depression, Substance Abuse Disorders, and Eating Disorders.
Dr. Albin is a Board Certified in Child, Adolescent, and Adult Psychiatrist. He completed his residency and fellowship at the Mayo Clinic, and currently provides evaluation and management of mental health issues with psychotherapy and medication management in private practice.
Albin has additional subspecialty interest in the treatment of ADHD, Autism, Learning Disabilities, Anxiety, Depression, Substance Abuse Disorders, and Eating Disorders.
Dr. Albin is a Board Certified in Child, Adolescent, and Adult Psychiatrist. He completed his residency and fellowship at the Mayo Clinic, and currently provides evaluation and management of mental health issues with psychotherapy and medication management in private practice.
(516) 714-5811 View (516) 714-5811
Photo of Justin Shaw, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York
Justin Shaw
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, NPP, PMHNP, -BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11205  (Online Only)
Depression (MDD), Anxiety (GAD, Panic Disorder, Phobias), Bi-polar (Manic/Hypomanic), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Insomnia and LGBT needs.
I offer inclusive & affirming psychiatric & addiction services online, at your convenience via our HIPAA compliant Telehealth. I have spent the last 7 years providing care for all mental health and substance use disorders. Utilizing psychotherapy (REBT/CBT/DBT/MI). We aim to improve the wellbeing of our clients by providing the most advanced, compassionate, evidence-based mental healthcare. We provide a full continuum of psychiatric & addiction services online, at your convenience! BWC can accommodate a range of treatment options - talk therapy, medication management, or a combination.
Depression (MDD), Anxiety (GAD, Panic Disorder, Phobias), Bi-polar (Manic/Hypomanic), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Insomnia and LGBT needs.
I offer inclusive & affirming psychiatric & addiction services online, at your convenience via our HIPAA compliant Telehealth. I have spent the last 7 years providing care for all mental health and substance use disorders. Utilizing psychotherapy (REBT/CBT/DBT/MI). We aim to improve the wellbeing of our clients by providing the most advanced, compassionate, evidence-based mental healthcare. We provide a full continuum of psychiatric & addiction services online, at your convenience! BWC can accommodate a range of treatment options - talk therapy, medication management, or a combination.
(646) 846-7248 View (646) 846-7248
Photo of Toba Omidiji, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in New York
Toba Omidiji
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11212  (Online Only)
Toba has experience treating a range of psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, bipolar, ADHD, and schizophrenia; in both the inpatient and outpatient setting. He currently renders care to the young adult (17) and older adult population. When treating clients who are experiencing mental health issues it is very important to understand the other elements that may serve as contributing factors for their diagnosis. It takes a level of compassion, integrity, patience, and understanding to work with individuals who are experiencing difficulties managing mental health or the mental health of their loved ones.
Toba has experience treating a range of psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, bipolar, ADHD, and schizophrenia; in both the inpatient and outpatient setting. He currently renders care to the young adult (17) and older adult population. When treating clients who are experiencing mental health issues it is very important to understand the other elements that may serve as contributing factors for their diagnosis. It takes a level of compassion, integrity, patience, and understanding to work with individuals who are experiencing difficulties managing mental health or the mental health of their loved ones.
(718) 831-6668 View (718) 831-6668
Photo of Noam Koenigsberg, Psychiatrist in New York
Noam Koenigsberg
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10005  (Online Only)
I specialize in ADHD in both adults and adolescents.
I am a board certified psychiatrist. I have a telepsychiatric practice where I see clients all over Florida and New York state. I am licensed in both states. My concierge practice specializes in medication management to treat psychiatric issues including ADHD, anxiety, depression, and all other psychiatric needs of the patient. I approach each client in a nonjudgmental manner to help decrease and eliminate symptoms and achieve treatment goals. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each individual.
I specialize in ADHD in both adults and adolescents.
I am a board certified psychiatrist. I have a telepsychiatric practice where I see clients all over Florida and New York state. I am licensed in both states. My concierge practice specializes in medication management to treat psychiatric issues including ADHD, anxiety, depression, and all other psychiatric needs of the patient. I approach each client in a nonjudgmental manner to help decrease and eliminate symptoms and achieve treatment goals. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each individual.
(305) 440-4768 View (305) 440-4768
Photo of Samuel Glazer, Psychiatrist in New York
Samuel Glazer
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10028
As an Addiction Psychiatrist, I specialize in both psychotherapy and medication management of Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders (Depression), ADHD, and OCD.
My expertise lies in treating addiction and alcohol abuse in high functioning Executives and Professionals. Many of my clients seek treatment because their substance use is threatening their success: they have much to lose, and want to regain control of their lives. Rather than classify patients as "addicts" and put them in a one-size-fits-all spiritual or CBT program, my practice philosophy is a fully individualized, humanistic treatment approach. Each person is assessed to formulate a customized plan that can include medication assisted treatment (now considered a gold standard) and/or individual psychotherapy.
As an Addiction Psychiatrist, I specialize in both psychotherapy and medication management of Anxiety Disorders, Mood Disorders (Depression), ADHD, and OCD.
My expertise lies in treating addiction and alcohol abuse in high functioning Executives and Professionals. Many of my clients seek treatment because their substance use is threatening their success: they have much to lose, and want to regain control of their lives. Rather than classify patients as "addicts" and put them in a one-size-fits-all spiritual or CBT program, my practice philosophy is a fully individualized, humanistic treatment approach. Each person is assessed to formulate a customized plan that can include medication assisted treatment (now considered a gold standard) and/or individual psychotherapy.
(646) 762-4338 View (646) 762-4338
Photo of Sean X Luo, Psychiatrist in New York
Sean X Luo
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024
I am a Columbia-trained general and addiction psychiatrist and researcher. My practice focuses on delivering high-quality treatment to a small number of patients. I focus on complex substance use, co-morbid/dual diagnoses cases such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and depression, and behavioral addictions such as sex/gaming addiction. I conduct both talk therapy and use medications in my practice and work with both patients and their families. The goal is transformative change in behavior patterns to help patients achieve their highest level of functioning.
I am a Columbia-trained general and addiction psychiatrist and researcher. My practice focuses on delivering high-quality treatment to a small number of patients. I focus on complex substance use, co-morbid/dual diagnoses cases such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and depression, and behavioral addictions such as sex/gaming addiction. I conduct both talk therapy and use medications in my practice and work with both patients and their families. The goal is transformative change in behavior patterns to help patients achieve their highest level of functioning.
(516) 784-5861 View (516) 784-5861
Photo of Marvin Kaplan, Psychiatrist in New York
Marvin Kaplan
Psychiatrist, MD
Not Verified Not Verified
New York, NY 10128
I have been in practice for over 30 years and treat a wide range of problems, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, and attention deficit disorders.. I also treat difficulties in relationships, dissatisfaction with oneself or one's life , chronic pain, trouble coping with physical illness, and addictions (especially alcohol, in addition to other substances. I have a special interest in people with inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease). I have seen many such people and have found that some only become responsive to medical treatment after their psychiatric symptoms are addressed.
I have been in practice for over 30 years and treat a wide range of problems, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, and attention deficit disorders.. I also treat difficulties in relationships, dissatisfaction with oneself or one's life , chronic pain, trouble coping with physical illness, and addictions (especially alcohol, in addition to other substances. I have a special interest in people with inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease). I have seen many such people and have found that some only become responsive to medical treatment after their psychiatric symptoms are addressed.
(646) 798-9536 View (646) 798-9536
Photo of Island Psychiatry, Psychiatrist in New York
Island Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
There are promising results for other uses of TMS therapy in patients with ADHD, OCD other mental illnesses.
We are a collaborative treatment team of mental health professionals from different disciplines under one roof. This is actualized using a true biopsychosocial approach leading to a comprehensive mental health treatment plan beyond psychopharmacology and psychotherapy. We are using the research on neuroplasticity to drive improved brain functioning with such techniques as: Genetic testing, brain stimulation, therapy, medication, behavioral interventions, acupuncture and cognitive testing.
There are promising results for other uses of TMS therapy in patients with ADHD, OCD other mental illnesses.
We are a collaborative treatment team of mental health professionals from different disciplines under one roof. This is actualized using a true biopsychosocial approach leading to a comprehensive mental health treatment plan beyond psychopharmacology and psychotherapy. We are using the research on neuroplasticity to drive improved brain functioning with such techniques as: Genetic testing, brain stimulation, therapy, medication, behavioral interventions, acupuncture and cognitive testing.
(516) 261-6143 View (516) 261-6143
Photo of Faisal Rafiq, Psychiatrist in New York
Faisal Rafiq
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Amityville, NY 11701
He specializes in the treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Spectrum Disorders, long-term depression, Attention Deficit Disorder as well as Substance-abuse treatment.
According to Federal Mandate all New Patients must be seen in person, in the office to establish care…Dr. Faisal Rafiq is a Psychiatrist and has been practicing since 2008, gaining vast experience throughout the field of Psychiatry, medication management, Psychvisit is a Full Service psychiatric practice offering state of the art treatments such as Genetic Testing, TMS therapy, Spravato Treatment, Long Acting injectables for Bipolar and Addiction.
He specializes in the treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Spectrum Disorders, long-term depression, Attention Deficit Disorder as well as Substance-abuse treatment.
According to Federal Mandate all New Patients must be seen in person, in the office to establish care…Dr. Faisal Rafiq is a Psychiatrist and has been practicing since 2008, gaining vast experience throughout the field of Psychiatry, medication management, Psychvisit is a Full Service psychiatric practice offering state of the art treatments such as Genetic Testing, TMS therapy, Spravato Treatment, Long Acting injectables for Bipolar and Addiction.
(631) 856-2627 View (631) 856-2627
Photo of S. Shane Konrad, Psychiatrist in New York
S. Shane Konrad
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11249
"Owning our story can be hard but not nearly as difficult as spending our lives running from it. Embracing our vulnerabilities is risky but not nearly as dangerous as giving up on love and belonging and joy--the experiences that make us the most vulnerable. Only when we are brave enough to explore the darkness will we discover the infinite power of our light." --Dr. Brené Brown. I could not have said it better myself. Our inner resistance to facing our fears and vulnerabilities includes the initial resistance to reach out for help.
"Owning our story can be hard but not nearly as difficult as spending our lives running from it. Embracing our vulnerabilities is risky but not nearly as dangerous as giving up on love and belonging and joy--the experiences that make us the most vulnerable. Only when we are brave enough to explore the darkness will we discover the infinite power of our light." --Dr. Brené Brown. I could not have said it better myself. Our inner resistance to facing our fears and vulnerabilities includes the initial resistance to reach out for help.
(347) 334-6115 View (347) 334-6115
Photo of Elie G Aoun, Psychiatrist in New York
Elie G Aoun
Psychiatrist, MD, MRO
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10004
Elie G. Aoun, MD, MRO, is a Columbia University, quadruple board certified psychiatrist licensed in New York and in California practicing in downtown NYC. Dr. Aoun trained in general psychiatry at Brown University, in addiction psychiatry at UCSF and in forensic psychiatry at the combined Columbia University and Cornell University program. He has additional expertise in neuro-psycho-endocrinology and psychotherapy. Dr. Aoun provides diagnostic evaluations including second opinions, treatment for psychiatric disorders using psychotherapy, medication management , and forensic evaluations for civil and criminal litigation.
Elie G. Aoun, MD, MRO, is a Columbia University, quadruple board certified psychiatrist licensed in New York and in California practicing in downtown NYC. Dr. Aoun trained in general psychiatry at Brown University, in addiction psychiatry at UCSF and in forensic psychiatry at the combined Columbia University and Cornell University program. He has additional expertise in neuro-psycho-endocrinology and psychotherapy. Dr. Aoun provides diagnostic evaluations including second opinions, treatment for psychiatric disorders using psychotherapy, medication management , and forensic evaluations for civil and criminal litigation.
(347) 658-5633 View (347) 658-5633
Photo of Jeffrey S Ditzell, Psychiatrist in New York
Jeffrey S Ditzell
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
New York, NY 10006
Dr. Jeffrey Ditzell enjoys practice as a General Adult Psychiatrist working in private practice in New York City. Dr. Ditzell's depth and breadth of clinical experience is unique, having served as the Chief of an inpatient Dual Diagnosis Unit, the lead attending in two Psychiatric ER's, the Lead Physician of an Assisted Community Treatment team, and the Medical Director of a large multidisciplinary nonprofit organization. Additionally Dr. Ditzell has been committed to the Service of Soldiers for over 20 years, having retired at the end of 2018 as Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Army.
Dr. Jeffrey Ditzell enjoys practice as a General Adult Psychiatrist working in private practice in New York City. Dr. Ditzell's depth and breadth of clinical experience is unique, having served as the Chief of an inpatient Dual Diagnosis Unit, the lead attending in two Psychiatric ER's, the Lead Physician of an Assisted Community Treatment team, and the Medical Director of a large multidisciplinary nonprofit organization. Additionally Dr. Ditzell has been committed to the Service of Soldiers for over 20 years, having retired at the end of 2018 as Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Army.
(917) 746-2798 View (917) 746-2798
Photo of Peter R. Bourque Jr. Np, Psychiatric Nurse in New York
Peter R. Bourque Jr. Np
Psychiatric Nurse, MSN, APRN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
I am devoted to providing quality comprehensive psychiatric services. I pride myself in my expertise with both the diagnosis and treatment of the occurrence of mental illness and believe that the relationship between health care provider and patient is of the utmost importance. I take a balanced approach to go beyond symptom relief and help you find ways to revitalize your life so that you can thrive in all of your endeavors.
I am devoted to providing quality comprehensive psychiatric services. I pride myself in my expertise with both the diagnosis and treatment of the occurrence of mental illness and believe that the relationship between health care provider and patient is of the utmost importance. I take a balanced approach to go beyond symptom relief and help you find ways to revitalize your life so that you can thrive in all of your endeavors.
(516) 585-2713 View (516) 585-2713
Photo of Moataz El Refaie, MD, Psychiatrist in New York
Moataz El Refaie, MD
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10170
Hello, I am Dr. Refaie, I am a double board certified, Child & Adolescent, Adult psychiatrist specializing in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders with an expertise in psychotherapy. I treat a wide spectrum of emotional and psychological concerns and problems from children to adults, providing compassionate, experienced and personalized psychiatric and psychotherapy services.
Hello, I am Dr. Refaie, I am a double board certified, Child & Adolescent, Adult psychiatrist specializing in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders with an expertise in psychotherapy. I treat a wide spectrum of emotional and psychological concerns and problems from children to adults, providing compassionate, experienced and personalized psychiatric and psychotherapy services.
(646) 576-7472 View (646) 576-7472
Photo of Todd Mekles, Psychiatrist in New York
Todd Mekles
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Expert in treating all psychiatric conditions. Employ a targeted approach utilizing the biopsychosocial model to target appropriate medications, and utilized the appropriate therapy for mental well being. Years of success in treating the most refractory of cases. We work together to form the strongest therapeutic alliance so you can be well.
Expert in treating all psychiatric conditions. Employ a targeted approach utilizing the biopsychosocial model to target appropriate medications, and utilized the appropriate therapy for mental well being. Years of success in treating the most refractory of cases. We work together to form the strongest therapeutic alliance so you can be well.
(646) 257-3782 View (646) 257-3782
Photo of Jacques Jospitre Jr., Psychiatrist in New York
Jacques Jospitre Jr.
Psychiatrist, MD, MBA
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
New York, NY 10018
My approach to psychiatry is simple. I look at your life thoroughly; from your DNA up through your relationships. Problems in any of the layers of life can cause mental health issues. Once the areas of concern are identified, I will construct a treatment plan to address it. My approach comes from years of working through challenging patient cases as a provider, and personally being on the receiving end of overlooked issues in my own care. I cannot promise to have all of the answers, but I can promise to help you gain insights into the areas of concern in your mental health.
My approach to psychiatry is simple. I look at your life thoroughly; from your DNA up through your relationships. Problems in any of the layers of life can cause mental health issues. Once the areas of concern are identified, I will construct a treatment plan to address it. My approach comes from years of working through challenging patient cases as a provider, and personally being on the receiving end of overlooked issues in my own care. I cannot promise to have all of the answers, but I can promise to help you gain insights into the areas of concern in your mental health.
(516) 701-0111 View (516) 701-0111
Photo of Vital Psych MD, Psychiatrist in New York
Vital Psych MD
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Hi! Welcome to Dr. Kapoor's private practice. With over 10 years of experience in the field of mental health, our mission is to improve to have an impact in your life by working on your present. Weather it is anxiety, depression, difficulty functioning at work or school, family conflicts, challenges in relationships, low self-esteem, or simply a desire to learn more about themselves; we can help. As a psychiatrist with deep expertise in the field, Dr. Kapoor creates a treatment plan that meets his client's needs. His style is guided by warmth and flexibility, with the goals of helping patients build insight and self esteem.
Hi! Welcome to Dr. Kapoor's private practice. With over 10 years of experience in the field of mental health, our mission is to improve to have an impact in your life by working on your present. Weather it is anxiety, depression, difficulty functioning at work or school, family conflicts, challenges in relationships, low self-esteem, or simply a desire to learn more about themselves; we can help. As a psychiatrist with deep expertise in the field, Dr. Kapoor creates a treatment plan that meets his client's needs. His style is guided by warmth and flexibility, with the goals of helping patients build insight and self esteem.
(786) 613-4175 View (786) 613-4175
ADHD Psychiatrists

When should I seek treatment for ADHD?

You should seek treatment for ADHD if you consistently have difficulty with attention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity that interferes with your daily life. Symptoms of ADHD include the inability to sustain attention during tasks, difficulty organizing tasks and activities, being easily distracted, frequent fidgeting or squirming, and talking or interrupting excessively. If these symptoms interfere with your career, academics, or relationships—for example, consistently failing to complete professional projects on time—you should seek an evaluation for ADHD.

How does treatment for ADHD work?

Effective treatment for ADHD often consists of medication, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes. Stimulant medications such as Adderall and Ritalin work by altering levels of neurotransmitters in the brain; higher levels of dopamine and norepinephrine are known to improve attention and focus. Therapy works by helping people with ADHD understand the condition, discuss their areas of difficulty, and develop behavioral strategies to manage their symptoms. In some cases, modifying one’s diet and exercise can also help improve symptoms.

Are there specific medications for ADHD?

Medications to treat ADHD are generally stimulants, the most common are Adderall and Ritalin. There are two categories of stimulants: Amphetamines include Adderall, Dyanavel, Vyvanse, and Dexedrine, and methylphenidates include Ritalin, Concerta, Daytrana, Focalin, Quillichew, Quillivant, and Metadate. Non-stimulants and antidepressants may be used as an alternative if stimulants aren’t effective or viable for a particular patient.

How long does treatment for ADHD take?

It’s tough to give an exact time frame because everyone varies. In terms of medications, stimulants begin to work very soon after you take them, generally within the hour. It may take time to identify the right medication and dosage, but the medication itself is fast-acting. In terms of therapy, it takes time to develop skills and put them into practice, but you will likely see improvements within a few weeks or months.