Support Groups in Phoenix, AZ

This is a men's group. You will learn about sex addiction and find support from others who have had similar experiences. Through talking about the pain and shame you are experiencing, the healing process begins and you are better able to choose healthy behaviors that will support healthy relationships. You will increase your self-awareness, change the way you relate to other people, and practice building intimate relationships. Belong to a committed group and experience warmth and support. Recovering from addiction and trauma is a journey not a destination.
Photo of Cynthia A. Criss, Counselor, LPC, CSAT, LPCC
Hosted by Cynthia A. Criss
Counselor, LPC, CSAT, LPCC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85028
This is a men's group. You will learn about sex addiction and find support from others who have had similar experiences. Through talking about the pain and shame you are experiencing, the healing process begins and you are better able to choose healthy behaviors that will support healthy relationships. You will increase your self-awareness, change the way you relate to other people, and practice building intimate relationships. Belong to a committed group and experience warmth and support. Recovering from addiction and trauma is a journey not a destination.
(602) 461-7619 View (602) 461-7619
ARS offers screenings for restricted drivers license and court mandated Education (Level II - 16 hours) as an online self-directed course. Treatment hours (Level I - 36 or more hours) are provided via video conferencing for our clients. These are offered at various times Monday through Thursday.
Photo of Gigi Veasey - Alcohol Recovery Solutions, Inc., Treatment Center
Hosted by Alcohol Recovery Solutions, Inc.
Treatment Center
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85044
ARS offers screenings for restricted drivers license and court mandated Education (Level II - 16 hours) as an online self-directed course. Treatment hours (Level I - 36 or more hours) are provided via video conferencing for our clients. These are offered at various times Monday through Thursday.
(520) 597-7684 View (520) 597-7684
Hold Me Tight ® is an educational program created by Dr. Sue Johnson based on the concepts of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy. The goal of the workshop is to understand your conflict and disconnection, get ahead of your old fighting patterns, and to create a new, more intimate bond. In this workshop you will receive education and guidance from an EFT-trained couples therapist, watch video demonstrations with real-life couples, engage in exercises to develop new skills and support connection, and there will be opportunities for discussion and skill application. 04.27.24 & 04.28.24
Photo of Cayla Bozovich, Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPC
Hosted by Cayla Bozovich
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85028
Hold Me Tight ® is an educational program created by Dr. Sue Johnson based on the concepts of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy. The goal of the workshop is to understand your conflict and disconnection, get ahead of your old fighting patterns, and to create a new, more intimate bond. In this workshop you will receive education and guidance from an EFT-trained couples therapist, watch video demonstrations with real-life couples, engage in exercises to develop new skills and support connection, and there will be opportunities for discussion and skill application. 04.27.24 & 04.28.24
(928) 756-0151 View (928) 756-0151
This program is an intensive recovery program designed to heal 5 domains that are typically affected by sexual abuse: Psychological, Cognitive, Emotional, Sexual and Spiritual. The program uses structured treatment exercises completed outside of group and then shared with group. The program requires attendance at a weekly group and individual counseling. Our agency can provide individual counseling or we will collaborate with your current individual counselor. Visit our website for more information about this program.
Photo of Diane Genco - AZ Center for Change, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Hosted by AZ Center for Change
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85013
This program is an intensive recovery program designed to heal 5 domains that are typically affected by sexual abuse: Psychological, Cognitive, Emotional, Sexual and Spiritual. The program uses structured treatment exercises completed outside of group and then shared with group. The program requires attendance at a weekly group and individual counseling. Our agency can provide individual counseling or we will collaborate with your current individual counselor. Visit our website for more information about this program.
(480) 409-2260 View (480) 409-2260
The Rosemary Tree is a place where healing happens differently. Our clients experience healing and wellness in a holistic, team-based approach that is felt differently as soon as you walk into the space. Most of our clients do not come to us for only individual therapy sessions- they learn quickly that the most lasting change comes from working with our partners, children, and other relationships as well. We provide a space to experience this deeper kind of healing by combining clinical excellence, experiential therapy, relationship approaches, and engagement with nature.
Photo of Haley Junkermann, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
Hosted by Haley Junkermann
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85014
The Rosemary Tree is a place where healing happens differently. Our clients experience healing and wellness in a holistic, team-based approach that is felt differently as soon as you walk into the space. Most of our clients do not come to us for only individual therapy sessions- they learn quickly that the most lasting change comes from working with our partners, children, and other relationships as well. We provide a space to experience this deeper kind of healing by combining clinical excellence, experiential therapy, relationship approaches, and engagement with nature.
(480) 455-6089 View (480) 455-6089
Being in recovery from alcohol or drug addiction isn't easy.You're still facing life's challenges.How do you get needs met as returning to using is not an option. Finding solutions is.This 1.5 hour telehealth group is a mutual aid group focused on skill sets including: healthy coping skills, stress, mindfulness, meditation, healthy communication, boundaries, goal setting,time management, improving relationships, letting go of anger, and how to find joy/laughter. Let this group help you with recovery management and enhancing your journey of recovery. NOTE: minimum group size 3 maximum 10. Call for availabiity
Photo of Valerie Fink Sierra, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MAHR, LIAC
Hosted by Valerie Fink Sierra
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MAHR, LIAC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85020
Being in recovery from alcohol or drug addiction isn't easy.You're still facing life's challenges.How do you get needs met as returning to using is not an option. Finding solutions is.This 1.5 hour telehealth group is a mutual aid group focused on skill sets including: healthy coping skills, stress, mindfulness, meditation, healthy communication, boundaries, goal setting,time management, improving relationships, letting go of anger, and how to find joy/laughter. Let this group help you with recovery management and enhancing your journey of recovery. NOTE: minimum group size 3 maximum 10. Call for availabiity
(623) 299-8955 View (623) 299-8955
Small-group therapy for ages 12 through 17 in person! Summer 2023 topics include emotional regulation, family boundaries, anxiety, depression, triggers for addiction, how to improve relationships with parents and others, anger, boredom, self-image and identity, and more! Affordable solutions for teens. Catholic-Christian based agency. This is an open group, meeting up to 3 times per week, typically 90 minutes per group day. One-time screening/short assessment required before entering group to evaluate a proper level of care. Only $40 per group day.
Photo of Michael Rayes - Intercessory Counseling & Wellness, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MAPC, LISAC, LPC
Hosted by Intercessory Counseling & Wellness, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAPC, LISAC, LPC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85029
Small-group therapy for ages 12 through 17 in person! Summer 2023 topics include emotional regulation, family boundaries, anxiety, depression, triggers for addiction, how to improve relationships with parents and others, anger, boredom, self-image and identity, and more! Affordable solutions for teens. Catholic-Christian based agency. This is an open group, meeting up to 3 times per week, typically 90 minutes per group day. One-time screening/short assessment required before entering group to evaluate a proper level of care. Only $40 per group day.
(602) 786-7283 View (602) 786-7283
This group is for parents who have been estranged/abandoned by their adult children. This has become increasingly more common recently. The polarization and cut off, often with no explanation, causes unbearable pain leaving parents confused with often no one to turn to. It frequently causes family members to take sides increasing family conflicts. This group is to help parents navigate the path to healing and to teach self care before emotional issues set in permanently. This therapy group is in person only and is held in Tempe. New group will begin July 13th, 2025.
Photo of Suzanne Cavalier-Dorsett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Hosted by Suzanne Cavalier-Dorsett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85016
This group is for parents who have been estranged/abandoned by their adult children. This has become increasingly more common recently. The polarization and cut off, often with no explanation, causes unbearable pain leaving parents confused with often no one to turn to. It frequently causes family members to take sides increasing family conflicts. This group is to help parents navigate the path to healing and to teach self care before emotional issues set in permanently. This therapy group is in person only and is held in Tempe. New group will begin July 13th, 2025.
(602) 780-2950 View (602) 780-2950
Join the weekly online OCD support group, led by Josh Kaplan, an expert in guiding individuals through the challenges of OCD. This group provides a safe, confidential space where you can share your experiences, gain insights, and learn coping strategies. Each session integrates principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), offering practical tools and support to help manage OCD symptoms. Connect with others who understand what you're going through, in an environment that fosters growth and healing.
Photo of Josh Kaplan - Josh Kaplan - OCD, Anxiety & Depression Specialist, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Hosted by Josh Kaplan - OCD, Anxiety & Depression Specialist
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85044
Join the weekly online OCD support group, led by Josh Kaplan, an expert in guiding individuals through the challenges of OCD. This group provides a safe, confidential space where you can share your experiences, gain insights, and learn coping strategies. Each session integrates principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP), offering practical tools and support to help manage OCD symptoms. Connect with others who understand what you're going through, in an environment that fosters growth and healing.
(520) 727-9079 View (520) 727-9079
In these times of heightened uncertainty, coming together to process our thoughts and emotions can reduce feelings of isolation, alienation, and loneliness. Additionally, gathering with one another can increase our sense of belonging and wholeness. When you feel heard, validated, and valued, healing can begin. Topics Include: identity, anxiety, depression, intimacy, boundaries, unhealthy patterns, identity, etc.. All self-identified women, including cis and transgender individuals are welcome. WPG is a 6-week commitment, offering a consistent and supportive environment where members can examine their individuality within a group setting. Limited sliding scale rates available. Claims can be submitted for reimbursement.
Photo of Emily Posta, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Emily Posta
Psychologist, PsyD
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85028
In these times of heightened uncertainty, coming together to process our thoughts and emotions can reduce feelings of isolation, alienation, and loneliness. Additionally, gathering with one another can increase our sense of belonging and wholeness. When you feel heard, validated, and valued, healing can begin. Topics Include: identity, anxiety, depression, intimacy, boundaries, unhealthy patterns, identity, etc.. All self-identified women, including cis and transgender individuals are welcome. WPG is a 6-week commitment, offering a consistent and supportive environment where members can examine their individuality within a group setting. Limited sliding scale rates available. Claims can be submitted for reimbursement.
(480) 646-4605 View (480) 646-4605
Helping youth build self-love by understanding what that means to them, embracing their uniqueness, overcoming past negative experiences, & using creativity. (Christian/Spiritual perspectives will be integrated). ** An initial individual assessment is required, to start group sessions. $50 for 30mins.**(HSA & FSA can be used at your company's discretion.)
Photo of Erica Holmes-Harris, Counselor, LAC, MCMHC
Hosted by Erica Holmes-Harris
Counselor, LAC, MCMHC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85028
Helping youth build self-love by understanding what that means to them, embracing their uniqueness, overcoming past negative experiences, & using creativity. (Christian/Spiritual perspectives will be integrated). ** An initial individual assessment is required, to start group sessions. $50 for 30mins.**(HSA & FSA can be used at your company's discretion.)
(480) 771-8521 View (480) 771-8521
An 8-week, co-ed play therapy group for kindergarteners.
Photo of Mackenzie Francis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RPT
Hosted by Mackenzie Francis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RPT
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85028
An 8-week, co-ed play therapy group for kindergarteners.
(623) 469-7692 View (623) 469-7692
Join a supportive, skills-focused DBT group to manage emotions, improve relationships, and build a more intentional life. This is structured coaching—not therapy—rooted in the DBT curriculum Marsha Linehan did her research on after 2006. Learn skills from the four core modules (Emotion Regulation, Interpersonal Effectiveness, Mindfulness & Distress Tolerance) with teaching, discussion, and practical tools. Groups are on Zoom and open to adults worldwide. Choose one time per week (Arizona Time): Mondays 12pm-1pm, Tuesdays 12pm-1pm, Wednesdays 12pm-1pm, Thursdays 3:30pm-4:30pm or Fridays 4pm-5pm. Just $25 per group session!
Photo of Mike Nichols - Green Mountain DBT, MSW
Hosted by Green Mountain DBT
Verified Verified
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85004
Join a supportive, skills-focused DBT group to manage emotions, improve relationships, and build a more intentional life. This is structured coaching—not therapy—rooted in the DBT curriculum Marsha Linehan did her research on after 2006. Learn skills from the four core modules (Emotion Regulation, Interpersonal Effectiveness, Mindfulness & Distress Tolerance) with teaching, discussion, and practical tools. Groups are on Zoom and open to adults worldwide. Choose one time per week (Arizona Time): Mondays 12pm-1pm, Tuesdays 12pm-1pm, Wednesdays 12pm-1pm, Thursdays 3:30pm-4:30pm or Fridays 4pm-5pm. Just $25 per group session!
(267) 612-2062 View (267) 612-2062
We provide 1:1 ABA therapy for individuals diagnosed with Autism. Parent consultation and social skills is also an area of expertise.
Photo of Fernando Martinez, LBA, BCBA, MA
Hosted by Fernando Martinez
Verified Verified
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85016
We provide 1:1 ABA therapy for individuals diagnosed with Autism. Parent consultation and social skills is also an area of expertise.
(623) 462-1296 View (623) 462-1296
This is a virtual (video) men's group. This group supports men in improving their relationships and marriages. This includes work on reducing shame, improving ability to share feelings, and being vulnerable. This group also supports men in gaining clarity about what they may be contributing in their relationships (both negatively and positively) and further understanding of how childhood dynamics impact them today. The cost is $180/month, billed at the start of each month.
Photo of Elijah Bedrosian, Counselor, LPC
Hosted by Elijah Bedrosian
Counselor, LPC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85016
This is a virtual (video) men's group. This group supports men in improving their relationships and marriages. This includes work on reducing shame, improving ability to share feelings, and being vulnerable. This group also supports men in gaining clarity about what they may be contributing in their relationships (both negatively and positively) and further understanding of how childhood dynamics impact them today. The cost is $180/month, billed at the start of each month.
(623) 688-8292 View (623) 688-8292
This is a VIRTUAL group for people who have been diagnosed with ADHD. Adults only. This is an ongoing group starting October 10th. This group will be a support for people with ADHD, but also focuses on skills each week for executive functioning, organization, time management, decreasing depression or anxiety and many other areas that ADHD affects. Aetna insurance only or private pay rate is $35 per session or $30 if you buy a package of 12 sessions up front. Led by Jillian Caldwell, LMSW
Photo of Jillian Caldwell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Hosted by Jillian Caldwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85085
This is a VIRTUAL group for people who have been diagnosed with ADHD. Adults only. This is an ongoing group starting October 10th. This group will be a support for people with ADHD, but also focuses on skills each week for executive functioning, organization, time management, decreasing depression or anxiety and many other areas that ADHD affects. Aetna insurance only or private pay rate is $35 per session or $30 if you buy a package of 12 sessions up front. Led by Jillian Caldwell, LMSW
(623) 745-8641 View (623) 745-8641
This group is a good fit if you: You are over 25 and have not had pervious serious queer relationships. Question your sexuality beyond heterosexuality. Have never really understood the rage about love and sex and wonder if it's because you weren't that into men and you may want to date women. Always kind of wondered if you may not be totally straight. Want to explore dating and sexuality with women but still worry what that change might mean in your life. Are new to the LGBTQ+ community and want to explore your identity and sexuality more fully.
Photo of Alyssa Palty, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Hosted by Alyssa Palty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85044
This group is a good fit if you: You are over 25 and have not had pervious serious queer relationships. Question your sexuality beyond heterosexuality. Have never really understood the rage about love and sex and wonder if it's because you weren't that into men and you may want to date women. Always kind of wondered if you may not be totally straight. Want to explore dating and sexuality with women but still worry what that change might mean in your life. Are new to the LGBTQ+ community and want to explore your identity and sexuality more fully.
(520) 214-0742 View (520) 214-0742
Over the course of 3 90-minute sessions, you and your partner will work with a licensed therapist to explore your unique relationship dynamic, identify your strengths as partners, and gain the tools necessary to navigate potential challenges while remaining connected to one another. A personalized experience, shaped by the Prepare/Enrich Assessment, a nationally recognized tool that helps you identify your relationship strengths and growth areas.
Photo of Olivia Denkinger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Hosted by Olivia Denkinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85085
Over the course of 3 90-minute sessions, you and your partner will work with a licensed therapist to explore your unique relationship dynamic, identify your strengths as partners, and gain the tools necessary to navigate potential challenges while remaining connected to one another. A personalized experience, shaped by the Prepare/Enrich Assessment, a nationally recognized tool that helps you identify your relationship strengths and growth areas.
(928) 427-7182 View (928) 427-7182
This group allows adults to heal from childhood trauma, learn healthy coping skills for living a full life. The group engages people with similar issues together while experiencing a beautiful growth of the self. Also available through telehealth.
Photo of Kimberly Kino, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Hosted by Kimberly Kino
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85014
This group allows adults to heal from childhood trauma, learn healthy coping skills for living a full life. The group engages people with similar issues together while experiencing a beautiful growth of the self. Also available through telehealth.
(480) 553-8317 View (480) 553-8317
The Grief Healing Pathway Group Program is a compassionate, guided journey for those navigating deep loss. In a safe, supportive online circle, you'll process grief, release emotional pain, and reconnect with your inner strength. Through expert guidance, healing practices, and shared connection, you'll move from heartbreak to hope -- at your own pace. This program blends spiritual insight, neuroscience, and soul-centered tools with the convenience of online presentation to help you reclaim peace, purpose, and joy.
Photo of Marlene Shiple, Counselor, PhD
Hosted by Marlene Shiple
Counselor, PhD
Group meets in Phoenix, AZ 85012
The Grief Healing Pathway Group Program is a compassionate, guided journey for those navigating deep loss. In a safe, supportive online circle, you'll process grief, release emotional pain, and reconnect with your inner strength. Through expert guidance, healing practices, and shared connection, you'll move from heartbreak to hope -- at your own pace. This program blends spiritual insight, neuroscience, and soul-centered tools with the convenience of online presentation to help you reclaim peace, purpose, and joy.
(928) 455-8018 View (928) 455-8018

See more therapy options for Phoenix

FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in Phoenix?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.

However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.