Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

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Photo of Keri Sipek, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PMH-C
Keri Sipek
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PMH-C
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Now accepting new clients. Reaching out for help can be difficult & takes courage. I’m here to offer a safe space & provide support while you explore your issues. From there, you can begin to heal & create positive change in your life & relationships. I work with women, men, non-binary folks, birth partners & couples struggling with infertility, perinatal/ postpartum anxiety, perinatal/ postpartum depression, traumatic birth recovery, & adjustment to parenthood. I also have experience working with couples, & individuals who have struggled with relationship strain, sexual dysfunction and more.
Now accepting new clients. Reaching out for help can be difficult & takes courage. I’m here to offer a safe space & provide support while you explore your issues. From there, you can begin to heal & create positive change in your life & relationships. I work with women, men, non-binary folks, birth partners & couples struggling with infertility, perinatal/ postpartum anxiety, perinatal/ postpartum depression, traumatic birth recovery, & adjustment to parenthood. I also have experience working with couples, & individuals who have struggled with relationship strain, sexual dysfunction and more.
(520) 346-3402 View (520) 346-3402
Photo of Amy B Harper, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Amy B Harper
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Life can be unpredictable and can bring you to places that you may not know how to manage. I am here to help you through your journey of growing and thriving as a person. I offer a non-judgmental, safe space to talk about your concerns. Whatever brings you to counseling, rest assured that I will treat you with respect, empathy, and understanding. I am passionate about helping individuals heal and feel empowered.
Life can be unpredictable and can bring you to places that you may not know how to manage. I am here to help you through your journey of growing and thriving as a person. I offer a non-judgmental, safe space to talk about your concerns. Whatever brings you to counseling, rest assured that I will treat you with respect, empathy, and understanding. I am passionate about helping individuals heal and feel empowered.
(623) 263-0193 View (623) 263-0193
Photo of Wesley Luffman, Licensed Professional Counselor
Wesley Luffman
Licensed Professional Counselor
Online Only
I'm Wes! As your therapist, it is my goal to see you become a better version of yourself. It is my belief that life's experiences teach things about the world that may no longer be the most helpful or true today; even if they were true at the time in our past. When we don't adapt and remain flexible, we find ourselves in a web of mistaken beliefs, thinking errors and unresolved life problems. As a result, it becomes too hard to find our way and manage life's challenges in the here-and-now.
I'm Wes! As your therapist, it is my goal to see you become a better version of yourself. It is my belief that life's experiences teach things about the world that may no longer be the most helpful or true today; even if they were true at the time in our past. When we don't adapt and remain flexible, we find ourselves in a web of mistaken beliefs, thinking errors and unresolved life problems. As a result, it becomes too hard to find our way and manage life's challenges in the here-and-now.
(480) 485-2458 View (480) 485-2458
Photo of Kara Gasperone, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Kara Gasperone
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
5 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85020
Not accepting new clients
Hi, & thank you so much for being here! If you're struggling with life transitions, feeling depressed or anxious, or challenged by unresolved issues from your past - give me a call. No issue is too big or small. I am trained in EMDR & have worked extensively with trauma. I use a systemic approach (this means we’ll talk a lot about your important relationships) to treating individuals, couples, & families – including LGBTQIA, blended, and foster & adoptive families, & those that have been affected by addiction. I have also completed Gottman Level 1 training to offer specialty support for couples.
Hi, & thank you so much for being here! If you're struggling with life transitions, feeling depressed or anxious, or challenged by unresolved issues from your past - give me a call. No issue is too big or small. I am trained in EMDR & have worked extensively with trauma. I use a systemic approach (this means we’ll talk a lot about your important relationships) to treating individuals, couples, & families – including LGBTQIA, blended, and foster & adoptive families, & those that have been affected by addiction. I have also completed Gottman Level 1 training to offer specialty support for couples.
(602) 497-4894 View (602) 497-4894
Photo of Alexandra Mackey, Counselor, Alexandra Mackey, MA, LPC-S, NCC, BHP
Alexandra Mackey
Counselor, Alexandra Mackey, MA, LPC-S, NCC, BHP
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85020
Welcome—I’m so glad you’re here. Taking the first step toward healing and change isn’t easy, especially when you’ve been carrying the weight of stress, trauma, or emotional overwhelm for far too long. You might look like you have it all together on the outside, but inside, you’re tired of the anxiety, people-pleasing, relationship struggles, or feeling like you’re never enough. You want to feel grounded, confident, and more in control of your emotions—but you’re not sure how to get there. That’s where I come in. I’m a licensed psychotherapist, coach, and trauma-informed expert in holistic psychology and EMDR. I help high-function
Welcome—I’m so glad you’re here. Taking the first step toward healing and change isn’t easy, especially when you’ve been carrying the weight of stress, trauma, or emotional overwhelm for far too long. You might look like you have it all together on the outside, but inside, you’re tired of the anxiety, people-pleasing, relationship struggles, or feeling like you’re never enough. You want to feel grounded, confident, and more in control of your emotions—but you’re not sure how to get there. That’s where I come in. I’m a licensed psychotherapist, coach, and trauma-informed expert in holistic psychology and EMDR. I help high-function
(623) 244-8337 View (623) 244-8337
Photo of Amy Terrell, Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Amy Terrell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Phoenix, AZ 85014
Life can be overwhelming, and sometimes past tough experiences, anxiety, or stress can make it difficult to move forward. Whether you’re struggling with trauma, anxiety, depression, or life transitions, I provide a safe and supportive space for healing and growth. With specialized expertise in EMDR therapy, I combine professional excellence with deep compassion, helping to make even the most complex healing journeys feel manageable and hopeful. I integrate evidence-based EMDR therapy with other proven therapeutic approaches to support you. Together we will address:
Life can be overwhelming, and sometimes past tough experiences, anxiety, or stress can make it difficult to move forward. Whether you’re struggling with trauma, anxiety, depression, or life transitions, I provide a safe and supportive space for healing and growth. With specialized expertise in EMDR therapy, I combine professional excellence with deep compassion, helping to make even the most complex healing journeys feel manageable and hopeful. I integrate evidence-based EMDR therapy with other proven therapeutic approaches to support you. Together we will address:
(928) 364-2576 View (928) 364-2576
Photo of Kaleigh Hawkins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kaleigh Hawkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Phoenix, AZ 85029
Whether you're feeling stuck in anxiety, overwhelmed by motherhood, or simply ready to make a change, therapy can help you reconnect with yourself and move towards healing. Kaleigh works with individuals and families of all ages, offering a calm, compassionate space to process life's challenges and rediscover hope. As a mom/step-mom of 5, she is especially passionate about supporting women through pregnancy, postpartum, and the many transitions of motherhood.
Whether you're feeling stuck in anxiety, overwhelmed by motherhood, or simply ready to make a change, therapy can help you reconnect with yourself and move towards healing. Kaleigh works with individuals and families of all ages, offering a calm, compassionate space to process life's challenges and rediscover hope. As a mom/step-mom of 5, she is especially passionate about supporting women through pregnancy, postpartum, and the many transitions of motherhood.
(602) 449-8761 View (602) 449-8761
Photo of Jp Fairclough - Fairclough Behavior Services, BCBA
Fairclough Behavior Services
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85034
Greetings! I'm Jaun Paul Fairclough, a Board Certified Behavior Analyst, with 15 years of experience in special education. I'm specially trained to work with children with autism and other developmental disabilities. I provide in-home or school-based Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy. I specialize in language, social skills, as well as the reduction of challenging behaviors for children ages 2-18.
Greetings! I'm Jaun Paul Fairclough, a Board Certified Behavior Analyst, with 15 years of experience in special education. I'm specially trained to work with children with autism and other developmental disabilities. I provide in-home or school-based Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy. I specialize in language, social skills, as well as the reduction of challenging behaviors for children ages 2-18.
(480) 602-9763 View (480) 602-9763
Photo of Erik Eidenschink, Licensed Professional Counselor
Erik Eidenschink
Licensed Professional Counselor
Online Only
I believe that life is often a series of peaks and valleys. I have worked with hundreds of people when they feel at their best wanting a little more of a push into a new direction or territory to explore and also with those who feel that they have just not been able to get away from event after event that they feel is keeping them from feeling their very best. I would ask the question that if either of these sound familiar to please reach out and not wait any longer! I use a holistic approach with several research-based interventions including CBT, Solution-Focused Therapy, Gestalt, DBT, and Motivational Interviewing to name a few.
I believe that life is often a series of peaks and valleys. I have worked with hundreds of people when they feel at their best wanting a little more of a push into a new direction or territory to explore and also with those who feel that they have just not been able to get away from event after event that they feel is keeping them from feeling their very best. I would ask the question that if either of these sound familiar to please reach out and not wait any longer! I use a holistic approach with several research-based interventions including CBT, Solution-Focused Therapy, Gestalt, DBT, and Motivational Interviewing to name a few.
(623) 343-8971 View (623) 343-8971
Photo of Ashley Hermes, Counselor, MS, LAC
Ashley Hermes
Counselor, MS, LAC
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85028
You’re juggling so much - grades, expectations, identity, relationships - and it’s all starting to weigh you down. Whether you’re the parent of a child dealing with behavior challenges or separation anxiety, a teen navigating social pressures or family dynamics, a student-athlete coping with academic expectations and performance anxiety, or a young adult trying to find your place in the world, you’re craving clarity, peace, and a path forward. You want to feel less overwhelmed, more confident in who you are, and supported as you face what’s ahead. Therapy can help you get there.
You’re juggling so much - grades, expectations, identity, relationships - and it’s all starting to weigh you down. Whether you’re the parent of a child dealing with behavior challenges or separation anxiety, a teen navigating social pressures or family dynamics, a student-athlete coping with academic expectations and performance anxiety, or a young adult trying to find your place in the world, you’re craving clarity, peace, and a path forward. You want to feel less overwhelmed, more confident in who you are, and supported as you face what’s ahead. Therapy can help you get there.
(928) 371-7774 View (928) 371-7774
Photo of Jen Kramer - Ontogenesis Counseling Services, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Ontogenesis Counseling Services, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85012
Now accepting new clients! Also available nights and weekends both online and in- person! Email is the best way to contact me! Include preferred days/times & place. Hey there! I'm Jen, and I would love to partner with you in helping you achieve your goals. Many things can keep us stuck and prevent us from moving forward and reaching our true potential in life. Sometimes, even the strongest of us need a little help to push through or gain clarity. I've got you! I've likely had similar struggles and can help you navigate the choppy waters through my own lived experiences, my education, and the help I've provided others along the way.
Now accepting new clients! Also available nights and weekends both online and in- person! Email is the best way to contact me! Include preferred days/times & place. Hey there! I'm Jen, and I would love to partner with you in helping you achieve your goals. Many things can keep us stuck and prevent us from moving forward and reaching our true potential in life. Sometimes, even the strongest of us need a little help to push through or gain clarity. I've got you! I've likely had similar struggles and can help you navigate the choppy waters through my own lived experiences, my education, and the help I've provided others along the way.
(520) 679-1728 View (520) 679-1728
Photo of Barbara Newton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Barbara Newton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I am a seasoned, supportive, and well experienced licensed mental health therapist, having worked in private practice for many years in AZ.
I am a seasoned, supportive, and well experienced licensed mental health therapist, having worked in private practice for many years in AZ.
(480) 418-5808 View (480) 418-5808
Photo of Anne Malec - Symmetry Counseling, PsyD, LMFT
Symmetry Counseling
Verified Verified
Online Only
Welcome to Symmetry Counseling. We are a group of mental health professionals located in Phoenix specializing in counseling, psychotherapy, and coaching for individuals, couples, and families. We chose the name Symmetry because the word evokes our goal to assist you in developing an ability to remain balanced and resilient under the forces of change. Our therapists provide a supportive, empathetic, and hopeful environment. Sessions revolve around pragmatic approaches to strategically address and resolve issues clients bring to therapy.
Welcome to Symmetry Counseling. We are a group of mental health professionals located in Phoenix specializing in counseling, psychotherapy, and coaching for individuals, couples, and families. We chose the name Symmetry because the word evokes our goal to assist you in developing an ability to remain balanced and resilient under the forces of change. Our therapists provide a supportive, empathetic, and hopeful environment. Sessions revolve around pragmatic approaches to strategically address and resolve issues clients bring to therapy.
(480) 660-5776 View (480) 660-5776
Photo of Dr. Lindsay Okonowsky, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Lindsay Okonowsky
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
I am a licensed psychologist specializing in work with first responders including firefighters, law enforcement, paramedics, and dispatchers. I have expertise in working with trauma, stress management, relationship issues, substance use, anger management, emotional dysregulation, and interpersonal conflict. I understand the operational demands and complexities of working within large government organizations including fire departments, police departments, correctional institutions, and hospitals. I strive to provide a confidential space where issues can be address efficiently and through a career culture informed lens.
I am a licensed psychologist specializing in work with first responders including firefighters, law enforcement, paramedics, and dispatchers. I have expertise in working with trauma, stress management, relationship issues, substance use, anger management, emotional dysregulation, and interpersonal conflict. I understand the operational demands and complexities of working within large government organizations including fire departments, police departments, correctional institutions, and hospitals. I strive to provide a confidential space where issues can be address efficiently and through a career culture informed lens.
(480) 914-1837 View (480) 914-1837
Photo of Kalli Bentz, Counselor, MS, LAC
Kalli Bentz
Counselor, MS, LAC
5 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Feeling stuck in the same arguments, disconnected from your partner, or navigating family dynamics that feel off balance? I help couples and families rebuild emotional connection, improve communication, and break free from unhelpful patterns. Whether you're facing recurring conflict, emotional distance, or challenges in your parent-child relationships, I offer practical tools to create more fulfilling connections. By focusing on empathy, understanding, and meaningful progress, I help you navigate these challenges with confidence and move toward healthier, more balanced relationships.
Feeling stuck in the same arguments, disconnected from your partner, or navigating family dynamics that feel off balance? I help couples and families rebuild emotional connection, improve communication, and break free from unhelpful patterns. Whether you're facing recurring conflict, emotional distance, or challenges in your parent-child relationships, I offer practical tools to create more fulfilling connections. By focusing on empathy, understanding, and meaningful progress, I help you navigate these challenges with confidence and move toward healthier, more balanced relationships.
(480) 590-3915 View (480) 590-3915
Photo of Tara Catanzaro - AZ Holisitc Approach (AHA), Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
AZ Holisitc Approach (AHA)
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
4 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85050
At AHA, we empower clients towards optimal mental health and fulfillment through grounded counseling. Our approach integrates mental, nutritional, physical, and financial wellness, promoting healing and resilience. we aim to support you in finding relief from anxiety, depression, trauma, and in your journey to personal growth. We also commit to supporting individuals who choose to utilize medication as a part of their treatment journey, respecting each person's distinct needs and preferences. Our dedicated team is here to guide you every step of the way, ensuring you feel understood and empowered.
At AHA, we empower clients towards optimal mental health and fulfillment through grounded counseling. Our approach integrates mental, nutritional, physical, and financial wellness, promoting healing and resilience. we aim to support you in finding relief from anxiety, depression, trauma, and in your journey to personal growth. We also commit to supporting individuals who choose to utilize medication as a part of their treatment journey, respecting each person's distinct needs and preferences. Our dedicated team is here to guide you every step of the way, ensuring you feel understood and empowered.
(602) 780-2391 View (602) 780-2391
Photo of Cindy A Hill, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LIAC
Cindy A Hill
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LIAC
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85029
Cindy is a Licensed Independent Addictions Counselor and Certified Trauma Professional with training in EMDR and Forward Facing Trauma Therapies. Cindy utilizes lived experience, education, training and a wide array of therapeutic techniques and modalities to personalize treatment based on the diverse challenges and personal goals of each client. Addiction and trauma tell us to suffer in silence and recovery begins when we reach for and find community and support. You absolutely deserve and can expect to be seen and heard and genuinely supported in your recovery journey by an experienced, knowledgeable and caring ally.
Cindy is a Licensed Independent Addictions Counselor and Certified Trauma Professional with training in EMDR and Forward Facing Trauma Therapies. Cindy utilizes lived experience, education, training and a wide array of therapeutic techniques and modalities to personalize treatment based on the diverse challenges and personal goals of each client. Addiction and trauma tell us to suffer in silence and recovery begins when we reach for and find community and support. You absolutely deserve and can expect to be seen and heard and genuinely supported in your recovery journey by an experienced, knowledgeable and caring ally.
(623) 624-5838 View (623) 624-5838
Photo of Kevin Lowery, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Kevin Lowery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Phoenix, AZ 85024
Kevin is a trauma informed therapist who has experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, substance misuse, addictions, mens issues and more. Kevin is working with DesertViewCounseling.com. He is currently seeing adolescents, adults and couples. Happy to meet with you and help you reach higher places. He is taking insurance, call the front desk to see if Desert View Counseling can take your insurance.
Kevin is a trauma informed therapist who has experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, substance misuse, addictions, mens issues and more. Kevin is working with DesertViewCounseling.com. He is currently seeing adolescents, adults and couples. Happy to meet with you and help you reach higher places. He is taking insurance, call the front desk to see if Desert View Counseling can take your insurance.
(623) 281-3586 View (623) 281-3586
Photo of Lara Siers, Counselor, LPC
Lara Siers
Counselor, LPC
Online Only
I help clients develop coping skills to manage their feelings, i.e. anxiety, depression stress, feeling overwhelmed, etc. I also assist adolescents with identifying feelings and emotions, developing coping strategies to assist with emotional regulation. Additionally, I assist young adults with life skills, who are struggling with adulthood.
I help clients develop coping skills to manage their feelings, i.e. anxiety, depression stress, feeling overwhelmed, etc. I also assist adolescents with identifying feelings and emotions, developing coping strategies to assist with emotional regulation. Additionally, I assist young adults with life skills, who are struggling with adulthood.
(520) 492-0908 View (520) 492-0908
Photo of Dyanna Ah Quin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dyanna Ah Quin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
Hello, I'm Leolani. C.S. Lewis once said, “You can’t go back and change the beginning, but you can start where you are and change the ending.” This quote resonates deeply with me and encapsulates my approach to therapy. We all need support to navigate life's challenges, and I'm here to provide a warm, safe, and supportive environment where you can explore your difficulties and work towards meaningful change. With 20 years of experience as a Doctor of Behavioral Health and a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I believe in the power of the therapeutic partnership to uncover the strengths and resources we all possess.
Hello, I'm Leolani. C.S. Lewis once said, “You can’t go back and change the beginning, but you can start where you are and change the ending.” This quote resonates deeply with me and encapsulates my approach to therapy. We all need support to navigate life's challenges, and I'm here to provide a warm, safe, and supportive environment where you can explore your difficulties and work towards meaningful change. With 20 years of experience as a Doctor of Behavioral Health and a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I believe in the power of the therapeutic partnership to uncover the strengths and resources we all possess.
(623) 263-8572 View (623) 263-8572

See more therapy options for Phoenix

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Phoenix, AZ who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
74% Trauma and PTSD
69% Self Esteem
67% Relationship Issues
67% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
73% Cigna and Evernorth
72% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Phoenix, AZ see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Phoenix?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.