Cognitive Behavioural (CBT) Therapists in M9R

Photo of Dr. Arela Agako, PhD, CPsych, Psychologist
Dr. Arela Agako
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I use an integrative approach to treatment using modalities such as CBT, DBT, emotion-focused therapy, acceptance-based, skill-based and mindfulness approaches to best fit the needs of the client.
I provide a compassionate and inclusive environment for my clients. I have a special interest in working with individuals and couples who struggle with high conflict, Borderline Personality Disorder symptoms, emotion dysregulation, PTSD, trauma-related issues and intergenerational trauma. I also work with people who have other concerns such as anxiety, depression, mood-related disorders, insomnia, psychosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, stress, burn-out, self-esteem, body image, perinatal concerns, hormonal sensitivities, as well as interpersonal and relationship difficulties.
I use an integrative approach to treatment using modalities such as CBT, DBT, emotion-focused therapy, acceptance-based, skill-based and mindfulness approaches to best fit the needs of the client.
I provide a compassionate and inclusive environment for my clients. I have a special interest in working with individuals and couples who struggle with high conflict, Borderline Personality Disorder symptoms, emotion dysregulation, PTSD, trauma-related issues and intergenerational trauma. I also work with people who have other concerns such as anxiety, depression, mood-related disorders, insomnia, psychosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, stress, burn-out, self-esteem, body image, perinatal concerns, hormonal sensitivities, as well as interpersonal and relationship difficulties.
(365) 607-0756 View (365) 607-0756
Photo of Jennifer Wowk, MSW, RSW , Registered Social Worker
Jennifer Wowk
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Etobicoke, ON M9R
Jennifer specializes in supporting Parents, Partners and Caregivers of 18+ individuals who are living with Borderline Personality Disorder, Emotional Dysregulation and difficulties navigating Emerging Adulthood. Jennifer has extensive experience working with clients 18+ living with a variety of Mental Health concerns including Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Personality Disorders, Grief & Loss and Relationship and Life Transition concerns. Jennifer also works with artists and athletes dealing with Performance and/or Mental Health concerns. Jennifer's therapeutic approach is grounded in CBT and DBT and Solution-based therapy.
Jennifer specializes in supporting Parents, Partners and Caregivers of 18+ individuals who are living with Borderline Personality Disorder, Emotional Dysregulation and difficulties navigating Emerging Adulthood. Jennifer has extensive experience working with clients 18+ living with a variety of Mental Health concerns including Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Personality Disorders, Grief & Loss and Relationship and Life Transition concerns. Jennifer also works with artists and athletes dealing with Performance and/or Mental Health concerns. Jennifer's therapeutic approach is grounded in CBT and DBT and Solution-based therapy.
(365) 657-0007 View (365) 657-0007
Photo of undefined - Rocheny Alexandre, MSW,RSW Social Worker, Psychoth, MSW, BSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Rocheny Alexandre, MSW,RSW Social Worker, Psychoth
Registered Social Worker, MSW, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
In my practice, I use several therapeutic approaches, including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT), solution-focused therapy, emotional focus therapy (EFT), and more.
As a mental health therapist, I help people experiencing distress enhance their sense of personal wellbeing and overall happiness. Over the years I have worked with adults, youth and families experiencing struggles with anxiety, depression, suicidal ideations, stress, relationship conflict, divorce and unresolved family issues.
In my practice, I use several therapeutic approaches, including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT), solution-focused therapy, emotional focus therapy (EFT), and more.
As a mental health therapist, I help people experiencing distress enhance their sense of personal wellbeing and overall happiness. Over the years I have worked with adults, youth and families experiencing struggles with anxiety, depression, suicidal ideations, stress, relationship conflict, divorce and unresolved family issues.
(289) 272-7331 View (289) 272-7331
Photo of undefined - Eastwood Psychologists, PhD, BCBA, Psychologist
Eastwood Psychologists
Psychologist, PhD, BCBA
Verified Verified
Etobicoke, ON M9R
Our clinic specializes in evidence-based psychological treatments, including Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Emotion-Focused Therapy.
We're here to work with children, teens and adults who want to overcome anxiety, depression, and the impact of challenging life experiences. We understand that mental health problems rob people of the chance to experience all that life has to offer, and we help our clients move their lives towards autonomy, engagement, healthy problem-solving, coping, and healthy relationships.
Our clinic specializes in evidence-based psychological treatments, including Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Emotion-Focused Therapy.
We're here to work with children, teens and adults who want to overcome anxiety, depression, and the impact of challenging life experiences. We understand that mental health problems rob people of the chance to experience all that life has to offer, and we help our clients move their lives towards autonomy, engagement, healthy problem-solving, coping, and healthy relationships.
(289) 985-0441 View (289) 985-0441
Photo of Noemia Cerqueira, MEd, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Noemia Cerqueira
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
We all carry things that weigh us down. The stressors of everyday life, big or small and they impact us more than we realize. Each of us is holding onto things that we just need to talk about. It is crucial to have a space where we can do that. Somewhere where we can unpack the things that weigh us down to help us move forward, stronger and more equipped to handle whatever life throws our way. Therapy is invaluable for many. It gives us an outlet where we are understood, and heard by someone who has our back every step of the way. In me you will find a therapist who is compassionate, and empathetic to what you share with me.
We all carry things that weigh us down. The stressors of everyday life, big or small and they impact us more than we realize. Each of us is holding onto things that we just need to talk about. It is crucial to have a space where we can do that. Somewhere where we can unpack the things that weigh us down to help us move forward, stronger and more equipped to handle whatever life throws our way. Therapy is invaluable for many. It gives us an outlet where we are understood, and heard by someone who has our back every step of the way. In me you will find a therapist who is compassionate, and empathetic to what you share with me.
(365) 364-2724 View (365) 364-2724
Photo of Tijana Pesic, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Tijana Pesic
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
I provide individual, couples & family therapy. Do you feel burdened by your thoughts? Are feeling overwhelmed? Do you find it challenging to fall asleep at night? Do you wish that you could just turn your mind off, to finally get a few moments of peace? I can help you take your life back, feel better, experience ease of being and get more restful sleep. I help individuals overcome anxiety, depression, burnout, overwhelm & stress. I also help couples who have many unmet needs; feel frustrated, resentful & angry in their relationship; struggle to communicate effectively; no longer experience intimacy or have lost trust.
I provide individual, couples & family therapy. Do you feel burdened by your thoughts? Are feeling overwhelmed? Do you find it challenging to fall asleep at night? Do you wish that you could just turn your mind off, to finally get a few moments of peace? I can help you take your life back, feel better, experience ease of being and get more restful sleep. I help individuals overcome anxiety, depression, burnout, overwhelm & stress. I also help couples who have many unmet needs; feel frustrated, resentful & angry in their relationship; struggle to communicate effectively; no longer experience intimacy or have lost trust.
(289) 216-6581 View (289) 216-6581
Photo of Shanti Persaud, MA, Registered Psychotherapist
Shanti Persaud
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
We each have a story, what’s yours? I would be honored to hold space with you, to hear that story. All too often this is too hard for us to do on our own. As a natural helper, I’m here to listen, support and reflect while you explore your narrative. In our time together, you will have the openness to unfold and unpack, enlighten and transform, all those thoughts, emotions and situations that you have been holding onto. I trust in the heart of talk therapy, where we can have an authentic conversation. I believe that individuals can thrive, that they have the tenacity and will power to make the necessary changes to their lives.
We each have a story, what’s yours? I would be honored to hold space with you, to hear that story. All too often this is too hard for us to do on our own. As a natural helper, I’m here to listen, support and reflect while you explore your narrative. In our time together, you will have the openness to unfold and unpack, enlighten and transform, all those thoughts, emotions and situations that you have been holding onto. I trust in the heart of talk therapy, where we can have an authentic conversation. I believe that individuals can thrive, that they have the tenacity and will power to make the necessary changes to their lives.
(289) 210-5285 View (289) 210-5285
Photo of Gottman Eft Method Relationship Therapy Yukta Gupta, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Gottman Eft Method Relationship Therapy Yukta Gupta
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R
Couples often find themselves facing a myriad of challenges as they navigate the intricate terrain of a relationship. Communication breakdowns stand as one of the most common hurdles, where misunderstandings and misinterpretations can erode trust and intimacy. Trust issues, stemming from past experiences or breaches of confidence, can cast long shadows over a partnership, making it challenging to fully open up to one another. Financial stresses, from managing joint finances to differing spending habits, can introduce strain into a relationship.
Couples often find themselves facing a myriad of challenges as they navigate the intricate terrain of a relationship. Communication breakdowns stand as one of the most common hurdles, where misunderstandings and misinterpretations can erode trust and intimacy. Trust issues, stemming from past experiences or breaches of confidence, can cast long shadows over a partnership, making it challenging to fully open up to one another. Financial stresses, from managing joint finances to differing spending habits, can introduce strain into a relationship.
(289) 814-9799 View (289) 814-9799
Photo of undefined - Ontario Trauma Therapy- Jordan, BSW, MPA, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Ontario Trauma Therapy- Jordan
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MPA, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R
Trauma & painful early life experiences can get in the way of being able to enjoy our lives today.If you are suffering from PTSD, childhood trauma, persistent anxiety or depression, relationship breakdown or chronic stress, I can help. I am a trauma specialist and will help you to rebuild your life. I have extensive experience with First Responders, including physicians, and I will help you to feel safe and heard. First responders are seen ASAP. If you want to experience profound change, healthy relationships & trauma healing, I can help. Healing from trauma and a whole new outlook on yourself and your life are possible.
Trauma & painful early life experiences can get in the way of being able to enjoy our lives today.If you are suffering from PTSD, childhood trauma, persistent anxiety or depression, relationship breakdown or chronic stress, I can help. I am a trauma specialist and will help you to rebuild your life. I have extensive experience with First Responders, including physicians, and I will help you to feel safe and heard. First responders are seen ASAP. If you want to experience profound change, healthy relationships & trauma healing, I can help. Healing from trauma and a whole new outlook on yourself and your life are possible.
(226) 641-6635 View (226) 641-6635
Photo of Chantal Tabi, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Chantal Tabi
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R
Accepting NEW patients. I have 15 years+ of experience supporting children (4+), youth, adults, couples and families from diverse backgrounds with a variety of issues such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, anger, ODD, self esteem issues or relationships concerns. I help couples & families resolve conflict, enhance communication, effectively co-parent and set healthy boundaries. I can help you too! I am accepting new clients for individual, couples and family therapy via phone and video. Next day appointments available. I offer free consultations to ensure good fit. Daytime & evening openings. I look forward to hearing from you!
Accepting NEW patients. I have 15 years+ of experience supporting children (4+), youth, adults, couples and families from diverse backgrounds with a variety of issues such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, anger, ODD, self esteem issues or relationships concerns. I help couples & families resolve conflict, enhance communication, effectively co-parent and set healthy boundaries. I can help you too! I am accepting new clients for individual, couples and family therapy via phone and video. Next day appointments available. I offer free consultations to ensure good fit. Daytime & evening openings. I look forward to hearing from you!
(289) 301-7873 View (289) 301-7873
Photo of Huma Malik, CCC, Counsellor
Huma Malik
Counsellor, CCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
Counselling can be seen as planting a seed that, with nurturing and attention, will grow into something beautiful. Every individual is akin to a seed that undergoes continual growth, advancing through each fleeting season filled with moments of happiness, sorrows, triumphs, bravery, disappointments, and fresh starts. Like seeds, humans require sources and resources to aid them in reaching their full potential, such as sunlight, rain, and soil. And just like every seed holds importance, every human being also possesses inherent value. By choosing to seek counseling, you have taken the first step towards transformation.
Counselling can be seen as planting a seed that, with nurturing and attention, will grow into something beautiful. Every individual is akin to a seed that undergoes continual growth, advancing through each fleeting season filled with moments of happiness, sorrows, triumphs, bravery, disappointments, and fresh starts. Like seeds, humans require sources and resources to aid them in reaching their full potential, such as sunlight, rain, and soil. And just like every seed holds importance, every human being also possesses inherent value. By choosing to seek counseling, you have taken the first step towards transformation.
(226) 705-0526 View (226) 705-0526
Photo of undefined - Etobicoke Psychological Services, PhD, CPsych, Psychologist
Etobicoke Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Etobicoke, ON M9R
Etobicoke Psychological Services (EPS) is a team of caring professionals providing psychotherapy and assessments for individuals living in Etobicoke, Mississauga, Vaughan, Brampton, and surrounding areas. Call today for more info!
Etobicoke Psychological Services (EPS) is a team of caring professionals providing psychotherapy and assessments for individuals living in Etobicoke, Mississauga, Vaughan, Brampton, and surrounding areas. Call today for more info!
(647) 930-1994 View (647) 930-1994
Photo of Mario Jose Lourenco, MEd, CGT, CAPT, Registered Psychotherapist
Mario Jose Lourenco
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, CGT, CAPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R
Welcome! It seems that you may be struggling with life challenges at the moment (i.e., relationship issues, work issues, loss, etc.), or, perhaps, anxiety, unwelcome thoughts, or apathy are getting in the way of you having the life you want. These are some of the common issues that people bring to my office. I have experience working with individuals, couples and groups, and I draw from extensive professional training to ensure you reach your desired outcome. This could include moving through old and/or new issues, making changes, improving relationships, increasing your vitality.
Welcome! It seems that you may be struggling with life challenges at the moment (i.e., relationship issues, work issues, loss, etc.), or, perhaps, anxiety, unwelcome thoughts, or apathy are getting in the way of you having the life you want. These are some of the common issues that people bring to my office. I have experience working with individuals, couples and groups, and I draw from extensive professional training to ensure you reach your desired outcome. This could include moving through old and/or new issues, making changes, improving relationships, increasing your vitality.
(437) 372-5694 View (437) 372-5694
Photo of Darshana Patel, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Darshana Patel
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
How would it feel if you didn't have to tolerate challenges in your mental health anymore? Would you have more capacity for yourself and your loved ones? Would you have more energy to devote to the things that bring you joy? Whether it be a life transition, anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, or relationship issues, I help my clients work through their concerns by providing them with support and strategies to help them towards their goals. I use my own lived experience of being a 2nd generation Canadian and a South Asian woman, along with the breadth of experience that I have to support the work we will do together.
How would it feel if you didn't have to tolerate challenges in your mental health anymore? Would you have more capacity for yourself and your loved ones? Would you have more energy to devote to the things that bring you joy? Whether it be a life transition, anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, or relationship issues, I help my clients work through their concerns by providing them with support and strategies to help them towards their goals. I use my own lived experience of being a 2nd generation Canadian and a South Asian woman, along with the breadth of experience that I have to support the work we will do together.
(365) 601-8289 View (365) 601-8289
Photo of undefined - Lia Reed Psychotherapy | ADHD | Anxiety | Teens, MA, RP, Registered Psychotherapist
Lia Reed Psychotherapy | ADHD | Anxiety | Teens
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the constant noise and chaos in your mind, struggling to stay focused and manage your day-to-day tasks? Does anxiety often creep in, making tasks that should be simple become nerve-wracking and intimidating? These struggles may even strain your relationship or friendships - especially if they just don't understand why these seemingly simple tasks are so hard for you. We've seen many people who were also fighting this exhausting and constant battle against overwhelm and worry, and we can teach you the tools to overcome these challenges and regain control of your life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the constant noise and chaos in your mind, struggling to stay focused and manage your day-to-day tasks? Does anxiety often creep in, making tasks that should be simple become nerve-wracking and intimidating? These struggles may even strain your relationship or friendships - especially if they just don't understand why these seemingly simple tasks are so hard for you. We've seen many people who were also fighting this exhausting and constant battle against overwhelm and worry, and we can teach you the tools to overcome these challenges and regain control of your life.
(289) 814-1579 View (289) 814-1579
Photo of Ivanna Bilak, MA, RP, SEP, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Ivanna Bilak
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, RP, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
There are times when life experiences overwhelm our ability to cope, and it is a courageous act to seek help and support. I believe therapy should be a collaborative and creative process between client and therapist that involves all aspects of oneself, so that wellness can be experienced in an integrated and sustainable way. Working in the field of holistic wellness for the past seven years, with a specific emphasis on mental health and trauma-informed practices, I am committed to creating supportive spaces for individuals to deepen their relationship with themselves and expand their capacity to engage with life.
There are times when life experiences overwhelm our ability to cope, and it is a courageous act to seek help and support. I believe therapy should be a collaborative and creative process between client and therapist that involves all aspects of oneself, so that wellness can be experienced in an integrated and sustainable way. Working in the field of holistic wellness for the past seven years, with a specific emphasis on mental health and trauma-informed practices, I am committed to creating supportive spaces for individuals to deepen their relationship with themselves and expand their capacity to engage with life.
(289) 278-6814 View (289) 278-6814
Photo of Lee-Tasha Smith, MC, BA, CYW
Lee-Tasha Smith
MC, BA, CYW
Verified Verified
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
I'm on a mission to make safe and welcoming spaces for people seeking support. I'm trained as a counseling psychologist with over 10 years of experience helping people in places like hospitals, schools, child protection, and community programs. I believe counseling should be easy to access and affordable for everyone. My goal is to support individuals and make sure they feel heard and understood.
I'm on a mission to make safe and welcoming spaces for people seeking support. I'm trained as a counseling psychologist with over 10 years of experience helping people in places like hospitals, schools, child protection, and community programs. I believe counseling should be easy to access and affordable for everyone. My goal is to support individuals and make sure they feel heard and understood.
(289) 312-2033 View (289) 312-2033
Photo of Kayla Persaud, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Kayla Persaud
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R
I am dedicated to helping children and teens navigate the challenges of growing up in today’s complex world. With many years of experience working with children and adolescents, I offer a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space where young people can express themselves freely and work through their difficulties. My goal is to empower children and teens to develop resilience, self-awareness, and coping skills that will serve them throughout their lives. Children and teens face many pressures, from academic stress to social dynamics and family changes. I am passionate about helping them find their voice and build confidence.
I am dedicated to helping children and teens navigate the challenges of growing up in today’s complex world. With many years of experience working with children and adolescents, I offer a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space where young people can express themselves freely and work through their difficulties. My goal is to empower children and teens to develop resilience, self-awareness, and coping skills that will serve them throughout their lives. Children and teens face many pressures, from academic stress to social dynamics and family changes. I am passionate about helping them find their voice and build confidence.
(289) 207-1407 View (289) 207-1407
Photo of Yasaman Sadrikoupaei, MA, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Yasaman Sadrikoupaei
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
In order to feel safe and in control, you may have learned certain survival and coping strategies to keep you grounded. Perhaps you are a child of immigrants, struggling to exist between two cultures. Or maybe you were afraid to disappoint others and taught yourself to never have any needs or boundaries. These behaviours, while understandable, may no longer serve you in the ways that you need. Together, we can explore and unpack your life experiences, offer understanding and validation to the shutdown parts of you, and learn to take up space and exist in our world. Psychotherapy can promote healing, resiliency and self-empowerment.
In order to feel safe and in control, you may have learned certain survival and coping strategies to keep you grounded. Perhaps you are a child of immigrants, struggling to exist between two cultures. Or maybe you were afraid to disappoint others and taught yourself to never have any needs or boundaries. These behaviours, while understandable, may no longer serve you in the ways that you need. Together, we can explore and unpack your life experiences, offer understanding and validation to the shutdown parts of you, and learn to take up space and exist in our world. Psychotherapy can promote healing, resiliency and self-empowerment.
(289) 903-1261 View (289) 903-1261
Photo of Maria Ierullo, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Maria Ierullo
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Etobicoke, ON M9R  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you looking to feel better about yourself, your relationships, and your life? It can be difficult to know where to start, especially if this is your first time seeking therapy. Perhaps before today you tried to figure it all out on your own, but anxiety, worry, and low self-esteem have kept you feeling stuck and overwhelmed. Please know that you are not alone, and that things can get better.
Are you looking to feel better about yourself, your relationships, and your life? It can be difficult to know where to start, especially if this is your first time seeking therapy. Perhaps before today you tried to figure it all out on your own, but anxiety, worry, and low self-esteem have kept you feeling stuck and overwhelmed. Please know that you are not alone, and that things can get better.
(647) 496-0812 View (647) 496-0812

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Nearby Cognitive Behavioural (CBT) Counsellors Searches for M9R

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Cognitive Behavioural (CBT) Counsellors

How does cognitive behavioural therapy work?

Cognitive behavioural therapy works by exploring how your thoughts affect your emotions and experiences. CBT helps you identify distortions in your thinking. For example, you may tend to jump to the worst case scenario catastrophising or think in extremes (all-or-nothing thinking). A therapist can teach you how to push back against those thoughts to ultimately change your feelings and behavior for the better. They can also provide coping skills to better deal with stressors and challenges.

When do I know to seek treatment with cognitive behavioural therapy?

It’s reasonable to consider cognitive behavioural therapy if you struggle to manage difficult emotions or behaviors to such an extent that you are not getting the most out of life on a day-to-day basis. If you want a shorter term, concrete, skills-based approach, CBT is a great option. (By contrast, other types of therapy may devote more time to exploring your past and its effects.) The decision to seek CBT also depends on the condition you’re treating; CBT is an effective treatment for anxiety, depression, trauma, and many other disorders.

How can I find a cognitive behavioural therapist for someone else?

To find a cognitive behavioural therapist for someone else, you may want to begin by discussing the person’s problem, researching cognitive behavioural therapy, and assessing whether the approach is the right fit. You could then reach out to a few cognitive behavioral therapists in this directory, explain the scenario, have a consultation with those available, and determine who could be a good match.

Why is CBT such a popular form of therapy?

CBT has become a popular form of therapy because it is effective and accessible. Robust research has demonstrated that CBT is an effective treatment for many mental health conditions. And CBT can be learned in relatively few sessions, which means that many people can engage in the process, afford it, and see results quickly. It involves learning concrete skills such as disputing unhelpful thoughts; these skills can also be taught and spread widely.