Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists in Liberty Township, OH

Photo of Jennifer Bullock, Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Jennifer Bullock
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Liberty Township, OH 45044
I enjoy working with teens and young adults struggling with disordered eating behaviors, emotional dysregulation/early symptoms of BPD, and suicidal ideation. I believe all behaviors, including these, are caused, and we can work together to better understand yours. I often use Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in my practice. I like to identify how your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors interact with each other & your environment. I also examine how societal, cultural, and political causes and solutions to the struggles you face play a role. I'll utilize other modalities and techniques as needed for your treatment.
I enjoy working with teens and young adults struggling with disordered eating behaviors, emotional dysregulation/early symptoms of BPD, and suicidal ideation. I believe all behaviors, including these, are caused, and we can work together to better understand yours. I often use Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in my practice. I like to identify how your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors interact with each other & your environment. I also examine how societal, cultural, and political causes and solutions to the struggles you face play a role. I'll utilize other modalities and techniques as needed for your treatment.
(513) 450-4806 View (513) 450-4806
A Ray of Hope Counseling and Health Services
Psychologist, LISW-S, PhD, LISW, LICDC, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Liberty Township, OH 45011
We are a faith-based counseling center. We believe that healing begins with God. Our clients have the option to choose prayer during their sessions. This is not mandatory but if they are in need we will pray with them. We are providers that offer hope and encouragement. We will help you to meet your goals and will help you through your struggles. As your Therapist, Counselor, and Psychologist I will ensure that you have a safe, supportive, and encouraging place to make the desired changes you are seeking. I work with people across the Cincinnati, Ohio area.
We are a faith-based counseling center. We believe that healing begins with God. Our clients have the option to choose prayer during their sessions. This is not mandatory but if they are in need we will pray with them. We are providers that offer hope and encouragement. We will help you to meet your goals and will help you through your struggles. As your Therapist, Counselor, and Psychologist I will ensure that you have a safe, supportive, and encouraging place to make the desired changes you are seeking. I work with people across the Cincinnati, Ohio area.
(513) 275-4677 View (513) 275-4677
Photo of Kathy A. Sprinkle Betrayal Trauma, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Liberty Township, OH
Kathy A. Sprinkle Betrayal Trauma
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LSW, CSAT, DARTT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Liberty Township, OH 45044
More Than Boundaries Support Group...You’ve read the book(s) on boundaries; you know you need to set and keep better boundaries in your personal life, but HOW? How can you grow from just talking about boundaries to implementing healthy boundaries that don’t get all squishy when pressure is applied? I’m Kathy Sprinkle, a certified Developmental and Relational Trauma Therapist from Counseling Alliance in Cincinnati, Ohio. Starting Monday, June 26th, I will be moderating an online support group, especially but not exclusively, for women who have been betrayed.
More Than Boundaries Support Group...You’ve read the book(s) on boundaries; you know you need to set and keep better boundaries in your personal life, but HOW? How can you grow from just talking about boundaries to implementing healthy boundaries that don’t get all squishy when pressure is applied? I’m Kathy Sprinkle, a certified Developmental and Relational Trauma Therapist from Counseling Alliance in Cincinnati, Ohio. Starting Monday, June 26th, I will be moderating an online support group, especially but not exclusively, for women who have been betrayed.
(513) 449-2278 View (513) 449-2278
Photo of Enhancing Hope, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Liberty Township, OH
Enhancing Hope, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Liberty Township, OH 45044  (Online Only)
The hardest part of life is living a full and enjoyable life, especially when there is heartache, emotional or physical pain, anxiety and fears, and losses that were unexpected. I can help you make sense out of this life and find the strength and hope to manage changes to improve how you live, how you feel, and how you feel about how you are living when you can't change your life or your circumstances. I can help you reduce the panic of anxiety, the intensity of traumatic fears, the reactivity to emotional circumstances, and reduce the grief of all sorts of losses experienced or anticipated.
The hardest part of life is living a full and enjoyable life, especially when there is heartache, emotional or physical pain, anxiety and fears, and losses that were unexpected. I can help you make sense out of this life and find the strength and hope to manage changes to improve how you live, how you feel, and how you feel about how you are living when you can't change your life or your circumstances. I can help you reduce the panic of anxiety, the intensity of traumatic fears, the reactivity to emotional circumstances, and reduce the grief of all sorts of losses experienced or anticipated.
(513) 438-2848 View (513) 438-2848

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Stephanie Hickman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Liberty Township, OH
Stephanie Hickman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
West Chester, OH 45069
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals and couples experiencing marital troubles, Depression, Bipolar, Schizophrenia, Borderline Personality Disorder, life stressors, and Complex Traumas.
Therapy takes Strength and Courage and I am here to help you take the first step. Hi, my name is Stephanie Hickman and I have a huge passion for empowering others and teaching them vital skills to navigate through life successfully. I offer evidence Based treatment services to help you learn how to manage the stressors of everyday life, relationships, and difficult situations. I am an Independently Licensed Social Worker with 15 years of experience. I pride myself in meeting people where they are and helping them explore what treatment modality is the best fit for them.
I work with individuals and couples experiencing marital troubles, Depression, Bipolar, Schizophrenia, Borderline Personality Disorder, life stressors, and Complex Traumas.
Therapy takes Strength and Courage and I am here to help you take the first step. Hi, my name is Stephanie Hickman and I have a huge passion for empowering others and teaching them vital skills to navigate through life successfully. I offer evidence Based treatment services to help you learn how to manage the stressors of everyday life, relationships, and difficult situations. I am an Independently Licensed Social Worker with 15 years of experience. I pride myself in meeting people where they are and helping them explore what treatment modality is the best fit for them.
(513) 854-9236 View (513) 854-9236
Photo of Kimberly Britton, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Kimberly Britton
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Sharonville, OH 45241  (Online Only)
Hi there! My name is Kim and I have immediate tele-therapy openings on weekdays and evenings! I enjoy working with teens and adults who are coping with anger management, depression, anxiety, depression, trauma, and Borderline Personality Disorder symptoms. I have extensive experience in Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy, both are evidence-based practices proven to be effective in treating mental health symptoms. I am passionate about helping and supporting people during difficult times in their lives.
Hi there! My name is Kim and I have immediate tele-therapy openings on weekdays and evenings! I enjoy working with teens and adults who are coping with anger management, depression, anxiety, depression, trauma, and Borderline Personality Disorder symptoms. I have extensive experience in Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy, both are evidence-based practices proven to be effective in treating mental health symptoms. I am passionate about helping and supporting people during difficult times in their lives.
(513) 657-2403 View (513) 657-2403
Photo of Jessica Conrad, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Jessica Conrad
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
If you're struggling with addiction, trauma, borderline personality disorder, depression, anxiety, ADHD, or interpersonal problems, I'm here to support you. You might feel overwhelmed by life's challenges and are seeking a way to regain control and find inner peace. My goal is to help you connect your mind, body, and spirit, accepting things as they are while finding harmony within. Together, we'll work on making empowered choices and embracing your unique journey.
If you're struggling with addiction, trauma, borderline personality disorder, depression, anxiety, ADHD, or interpersonal problems, I'm here to support you. You might feel overwhelmed by life's challenges and are seeking a way to regain control and find inner peace. My goal is to help you connect your mind, body, and spirit, accepting things as they are while finding harmony within. Together, we'll work on making empowered choices and embracing your unique journey.
(513) 982-5976 View (513) 982-5976
Photo of ClearView Counseling Services in Liberty Township, OH
ClearView Counseling Services
MA, LPCC-S, LISW, MFT, PhD
Verified Verified
Fairfield, OH 45014
At ClearView Counseling Services we provide programs to help with the following: ADHD, Financial Stress, Anxiety, Sexual Abuse & Trauma Issues, Behavioral Problems, Borderline Personality Disorder, Depression, Grief & Bereavement, Life Transitions, Marital Conflict, School Problems, Stress Management.
ClearView provides individual, couple, family, and group counseling to children, adolescents and adults. We serve those struggling with addictions, depression, anxiety, loss and other life transitions, sexual and other trauma, relationship difficulties, school performance, school attendance, school behavior, and career uncertainty, among other occurrences and situations. ClearView has offices in Fairfield and Milford. To make an appointment, please call (513) 860-1100.
At ClearView Counseling Services we provide programs to help with the following: ADHD, Financial Stress, Anxiety, Sexual Abuse & Trauma Issues, Behavioral Problems, Borderline Personality Disorder, Depression, Grief & Bereavement, Life Transitions, Marital Conflict, School Problems, Stress Management.
ClearView provides individual, couple, family, and group counseling to children, adolescents and adults. We serve those struggling with addictions, depression, anxiety, loss and other life transitions, sexual and other trauma, relationship difficulties, school performance, school attendance, school behavior, and career uncertainty, among other occurrences and situations. ClearView has offices in Fairfield and Milford. To make an appointment, please call (513) 860-1100.
(513) 806-2806 View (513) 806-2806
Photo of Jessica Conrad, Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Jessica Conrad
Counselor, LPCC, MAC
Verified Verified
Blue Ash, OH 45241  (Online Only)
I am also a certified DBT practitioner and Christian Counselor who offers online individual therapy along with group therapy for BPD clients.
Hello and welcome to Shattered Into One. My name is Jessica Conrad and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who believes that the powerful transformation of mind, body, and spirit begins with faith. Faith is the assurance of things hoped for and the conviction of things unseen. If you've gone through anything that has left you feeling shattered, you may have lost your ability to trust due to abuse, neglect, rejection, betrayal, or some other form of trauma. This may have led to feelings of guilt and shame, anxiety, depression, apathy, anger, or even worthlessness. If this sounds like you, you've come to the right place!
I am also a certified DBT practitioner and Christian Counselor who offers online individual therapy along with group therapy for BPD clients.
Hello and welcome to Shattered Into One. My name is Jessica Conrad and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who believes that the powerful transformation of mind, body, and spirit begins with faith. Faith is the assurance of things hoped for and the conviction of things unseen. If you've gone through anything that has left you feeling shattered, you may have lost your ability to trust due to abuse, neglect, rejection, betrayal, or some other form of trauma. This may have led to feelings of guilt and shame, anxiety, depression, apathy, anger, or even worthlessness. If this sounds like you, you've come to the right place!
(734) 234-2116 View (734) 234-2116
Photo of Cincinnati Therapy Center, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Liberty Township, OH
Cincinnati Therapy Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45241
Kim has immediate tele-therapy openings and specializes in DBT, borderline personality disorder, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, suicide/self harm behaviors, stress management, and anger management.
Cincinnati Therapy Center is a team of therapists brought together by our shared drive to support people experiencing a variety of concerns including anxiety, trauma, depression, PTSD, life stressors, grief/loss, and relationship issues. CTC has immediate tele-therapy openings for clients age 15+. We have therapists trained in DBT, EMDR, CBT, ACT, TFCBT, and Mindful Self-Compassion.
Kim has immediate tele-therapy openings and specializes in DBT, borderline personality disorder, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, suicide/self harm behaviors, stress management, and anger management.
Cincinnati Therapy Center is a team of therapists brought together by our shared drive to support people experiencing a variety of concerns including anxiety, trauma, depression, PTSD, life stressors, grief/loss, and relationship issues. CTC has immediate tele-therapy openings for clients age 15+. We have therapists trained in DBT, EMDR, CBT, ACT, TFCBT, and Mindful Self-Compassion.
(513) 434-6842 View (513) 434-6842
Photo of Diane Mahlman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Liberty Township, OH
Diane Mahlman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Mason, OH 45040
I've had the opportunity to work with adults struggling with Borderline, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia.
"I've learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel." -Maya Angelou. It's so important for each of us to feel valued, appreciated and understood. I believe this applies to all relationships including the therapeutic relationship. My goal as a therapist is to work with you to provide support in times of distress and to assist you in finding your right path on your journey.
I've had the opportunity to work with adults struggling with Borderline, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia.
"I've learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel." -Maya Angelou. It's so important for each of us to feel valued, appreciated and understood. I believe this applies to all relationships including the therapeutic relationship. My goal as a therapist is to work with you to provide support in times of distress and to assist you in finding your right path on your journey.
(513) 463-5542 View (513) 463-5542
Photo of Derek Stegner, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Derek Stegner
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Mason, OH 45040  (Online Only)
I have many years of experience working with early childhood trauma and severe, persistent mental illness, varying from ages of 5 years to 70+. My goal is to empower and advocate for positive change within you, as the individual, and the system as a whole. The place that we will create together is a safe and judgement free space. I work through an Existential foundation, to help those I work with seek meaning and purpose, with skills built from experience with Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, and Cognitive Behavior Therapy, all within the context of a trauma-informed approach.
I have many years of experience working with early childhood trauma and severe, persistent mental illness, varying from ages of 5 years to 70+. My goal is to empower and advocate for positive change within you, as the individual, and the system as a whole. The place that we will create together is a safe and judgement free space. I work through an Existential foundation, to help those I work with seek meaning and purpose, with skills built from experience with Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, and Cognitive Behavior Therapy, all within the context of a trauma-informed approach.
(513) 796-5883 View (513) 796-5883
Photo of Emily Bennings, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Emily Bennings
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MEd, LPCC, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Mason, OH 45040
Hi. You have tried so hard! You've gone to therapy, maybe even for years, but nothing has really worked. You’ve tried workbooks, followed instagram accounts, all of it. I’m at my best as a therapist when working with clients who have found traditional talk therapy helpful at first, but eventually, ineffective. Therapists are not magic, but you have the medicine inside you to heal yourself, from trauma, broken relationships, all of it. I love working with helpers, including fellow therapists, and folks who are ready to be their own healers.
Hi. You have tried so hard! You've gone to therapy, maybe even for years, but nothing has really worked. You’ve tried workbooks, followed instagram accounts, all of it. I’m at my best as a therapist when working with clients who have found traditional talk therapy helpful at first, but eventually, ineffective. Therapists are not magic, but you have the medicine inside you to heal yourself, from trauma, broken relationships, all of it. I love working with helpers, including fellow therapists, and folks who are ready to be their own healers.
(513) 855-6434 View (513) 855-6434
Photo of Samuel Eshleman Latimer, Psychologist in Liberty Township, OH
Samuel Eshleman Latimer
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mason, OH 45040
Are you hurting so much that you're wondering if living is really worth all this pain? It hurts so bad that it feels physical; you can feel it in your gut. You don't let those closest to you know what's going on because no one gets it; no one can help. Sometimes you feel completely out of place, like you don't belong here. Everything hurts so much and you can't stand it anymore. You keep looking for ways to take it all away. You don't deserve to hurt like this anymore. And you don't have to. It's time to take control of your emotions so your emotions stop controlling you.
Are you hurting so much that you're wondering if living is really worth all this pain? It hurts so bad that it feels physical; you can feel it in your gut. You don't let those closest to you know what's going on because no one gets it; no one can help. Sometimes you feel completely out of place, like you don't belong here. Everything hurts so much and you can't stand it anymore. You keep looking for ways to take it all away. You don't deserve to hurt like this anymore. And you don't have to. It's time to take control of your emotions so your emotions stop controlling you.
(513) 845-1876 View (513) 845-1876
Photo of Heidi Eversole, Licensed Professional Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Heidi Eversole
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
West Chester, OH 45069
Hello! My name is Heidi and I'm a mom and a veteran of the US Air Force. I enjoy meeting and working with people who want a better life for themselves and for their family. Life is stressful and many times situations or relationships are thrust upon us that we have little control over, but those who seek out help, who want to learn healthier ways to cope and who want relief from the rut of negative thought patterns or relationships are the people I'm here for. The only necessities are to reach out for help and be ready to start on your path to wellness!
Hello! My name is Heidi and I'm a mom and a veteran of the US Air Force. I enjoy meeting and working with people who want a better life for themselves and for their family. Life is stressful and many times situations or relationships are thrust upon us that we have little control over, but those who seek out help, who want to learn healthier ways to cope and who want relief from the rut of negative thought patterns or relationships are the people I'm here for. The only necessities are to reach out for help and be ready to start on your path to wellness!
(513) 790-3940 View (513) 790-3940
Photo of Kate Duskey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Liberty Township, OH
Kate Duskey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPCC-S, MA, DARTT, BS
Verified Verified
West Chester, OH 45069
Waitlist for new clients
I practice psychotherapy as a licensed clinician. Following my Bachelor's Degree, I completed a Master's Degree at Cincinnati Christian University's School of Behavioral Science. After this, I attained a clinical endorsement and then a supervisory endorsement. Studying under the HOCI Institute, I then became a developmental and relational trauma therapist. I have also completed the 2 year training at Cincinnati Psychoanalytic Institute in Psychotherapy. My main areas of treatment focus include trauma, emotional distress, anxiety and depression.
I practice psychotherapy as a licensed clinician. Following my Bachelor's Degree, I completed a Master's Degree at Cincinnati Christian University's School of Behavioral Science. After this, I attained a clinical endorsement and then a supervisory endorsement. Studying under the HOCI Institute, I then became a developmental and relational trauma therapist. I have also completed the 2 year training at Cincinnati Psychoanalytic Institute in Psychotherapy. My main areas of treatment focus include trauma, emotional distress, anxiety and depression.
(833) 424-0183 View (833) 424-0183
Photo of Crystal Russell, Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Crystal Russell
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45014  (Online Only)
I am passionate about the next generation. Children, adolescents, and young adults have a plethora of information overloading their minds and bodies daily. Often, this information causes sensory overload and produces feelings of distress that manifest as depression, anxiety, social isolation, disconnection, and much more. I believe that by providing a safe space to question, process, and examine the world, children, teens, and young adults can heal from traumatic experiences, grow into their purpose, and become resilient and self-empowered individuals. I enjoy working with youth of all ages.
I am passionate about the next generation. Children, adolescents, and young adults have a plethora of information overloading their minds and bodies daily. Often, this information causes sensory overload and produces feelings of distress that manifest as depression, anxiety, social isolation, disconnection, and much more. I believe that by providing a safe space to question, process, and examine the world, children, teens, and young adults can heal from traumatic experiences, grow into their purpose, and become resilient and self-empowered individuals. I enjoy working with youth of all ages.
(380) 333-6033 View (380) 333-6033
Photo of Vitale Counseling and Consulting LLC , Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Vitale Counseling and Consulting LLC
Counselor, LPCC-S, LICDC, TRCC
Verified Verified
West Chester, OH 45069
Finding peace of mind during stressful times may feel impossible. Oftentimes, we seek to escape painful emotions and difficult life circumstances through drinking alcohol, gambling or illicit substance use only to find out it doesn't help to lessen the pain we feel inside.
Finding peace of mind during stressful times may feel impossible. Oftentimes, we seek to escape painful emotions and difficult life circumstances through drinking alcohol, gambling or illicit substance use only to find out it doesn't help to lessen the pain we feel inside.
(513) 847-3963 View (513) 847-3963
Photo of Jackson Smith, Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Jackson Smith
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mason, OH 45040
I have a passion for helping the current generation navigate the cultural landscape which can be such a challenge. Now more than ever young people need support in developing effective skills that will help them manage life. Exploring values in a safe and neutral space and can help give clarity and that is what is needed to move toward future goals. I want to understand what the struggles are and I’m a patient listener. You will feel heard. The post COVID reality is that many young people struggle with anxiety, depression and identify issues like never before.
I have a passion for helping the current generation navigate the cultural landscape which can be such a challenge. Now more than ever young people need support in developing effective skills that will help them manage life. Exploring values in a safe and neutral space and can help give clarity and that is what is needed to move toward future goals. I want to understand what the struggles are and I’m a patient listener. You will feel heard. The post COVID reality is that many young people struggle with anxiety, depression and identify issues like never before.
(513) 447-4045 View (513) 447-4045
Photo of Ashley Ping, Counselor in Liberty Township, OH
Ashley Ping
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Mason, OH 45040
As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, My primary goal is to create a collaborative relationship with my clients that is built on trust, honesty, and authenticity. I am passionate about empowering women of all ages and teenagers ages 13 and above. I believe that everyone deserves to be heard and understood in the context of their life story. I strive to create a safe place where my clients can explore their experiences- a space free from judgment where people feel comfortable sharing their stories and finding healing.
As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, My primary goal is to create a collaborative relationship with my clients that is built on trust, honesty, and authenticity. I am passionate about empowering women of all ages and teenagers ages 13 and above. I believe that everyone deserves to be heard and understood in the context of their life story. I strive to create a safe place where my clients can explore their experiences- a space free from judgment where people feel comfortable sharing their stories and finding healing.
(513) 912-2574 View (513) 912-2574

See more therapy options for Liberty Township

Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists

What is the most successful approach to treating borderline personality disorder?

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is considered the gold standard of treatment for borderline personality disorder. An evidence-based treatment, it addresses the extreme emotional reactivity, the relationship difficulties, and the acts of self-harm that create so much distress for BPD patients. DBT is a comprehensive program that includes both regular individual psychotherapy sessions and weekly group sessions of skills training.

What happens in treatment of borderline personality disorder?

Treatment typically consists of weekly individual therapy sessions that last an hour and group skill-focused instructional sessions that may last up to two hours. Patients are typically given homework “assignments” in which they are asked to practice in their daily life the skills they acquire in therapy. Patients also keep a diary tracking their emotions and impulses as a way to know which situations are most problematic and to help them gain control over their own behavior. Difficult situations and feelings are typically reviewed in therapy sessions and more constructive solutions found.

What kinds of problems does BPD treatment help with?

DBT was initially developed to dampen the self-destructive impulses of chronically suicidal patients. It is now the treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder, a serious condition marked by extreme emotional reactivity, relationship instability, and self-injurious behaviors. Treatment of BPD helps patients tolerate the flux of emotions without acting on them, often with a specific focus on tolerating negative emotions. DBT addresses the core problems of BPD—fear of abandonment, low self-esteem, and impulsivity.

What is the goal of treatment in borderline personality disorder?

The goal of treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is to relieve the extreme emotional distress that patients experience—to curb their emotional reactivity, to minimize their inclination to self-harm, and to reduce their impulsivity. Toward these ends, patients are not only taught an array of new coping skills and techniques for emotional regulation, they are given opportunities to practice them. Another major goal of treatment is interpersonal effectiveness; patients learn and problem-solve ways to effectively communicate in relationships, especially how to ask for what they need as a way to minimize hurt feelings.