Therapists in Bolivar, NY

Photo of Amy Mann Counseling, Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Amy Mann Counseling
Counselor, LMHC, MSEd
Verified Verified
Bolivar, NY 14715  (Online Only)
Our thoughts and experiences affect the way we view ourselves and the world. From the first session with a therapist, individuals should feel listened to and have increased hope for recovery. Addressing mental health issues can be overwhelming and scary, so I work with individuals to create a calming, safe, and trusting environment in the journey toward healing. One of the best decisions you can make is reaching out for help when you feel lost. I will be the guide to help you navigate your way and to help you find your strength. You are not alone.
Our thoughts and experiences affect the way we view ourselves and the world. From the first session with a therapist, individuals should feel listened to and have increased hope for recovery. Addressing mental health issues can be overwhelming and scary, so I work with individuals to create a calming, safe, and trusting environment in the journey toward healing. One of the best decisions you can make is reaching out for help when you feel lost. I will be the guide to help you navigate your way and to help you find your strength. You are not alone.
(585) 479-3064 View (585) 479-3064

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Clark Counseling Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolivar, NY
Clark Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Cuba, NY 14727  (Online Only)
I have been working in the field for over 25 years. I have enjoyed helping people from all walks of life and age groups. I am a good listener and have lots of helpful information to assist people with reaching their goals and making self-improvements. It is important to build comfort and trust with your therapist. I would like to touch base with you and make sure we are a good fit. Some people need to explore issues and some need to skill build. Wherever you are at is where we will start.
I have been working in the field for over 25 years. I have enjoyed helping people from all walks of life and age groups. I am a good listener and have lots of helpful information to assist people with reaching their goals and making self-improvements. It is important to build comfort and trust with your therapist. I would like to touch base with you and make sure we are a good fit. Some people need to explore issues and some need to skill build. Wherever you are at is where we will start.
(585) 536-1632 View (585) 536-1632
Photo of Dr. Belky Perez, Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Dr. Belky Perez
Counselor, PsyD, LMHC, NCC, BC-TMH, CCTP
Verified Verified
Allentown, NY 14707  (Online Only)
Looking for help in discussing your gender identity or sexuality? Want some guidance with relationships? Get relationship tips, explore dating and communication with a trained therapist. My clinical work focuses on helping LGBTQIA+ individuals, couples, and families. My practice is offers as trans-friendly & intersex welcoming environment. Together, we can navigate your personal relationships and developing identity, as your pace. Connect today to get started, together! Telehealth sessions offered for clients in Florida and New York (English/Spanish).
Looking for help in discussing your gender identity or sexuality? Want some guidance with relationships? Get relationship tips, explore dating and communication with a trained therapist. My clinical work focuses on helping LGBTQIA+ individuals, couples, and families. My practice is offers as trans-friendly & intersex welcoming environment. Together, we can navigate your personal relationships and developing identity, as your pace. Connect today to get started, together! Telehealth sessions offered for clients in Florida and New York (English/Spanish).
(954) 231-4352 View (954) 231-4352

Online Therapists

Photo of Alexandra Mastoras, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolivar, NY
Alexandra Mastoras
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Elma, NY 14059
Has mental health impacted your ability to perform your best at school, work, or in daily life? Have emotional difficulties caused you to struggle with reaching goals or maintaining relationships? Managing this alone is never easy. I am here to help you navigate difficult life transitions/stressors, while building upon your strengths. I offer a non-judgmental and collaborative approach, while encouraging you, (and sometimes challenging you), towards becoming your best self. Together, we can work on reaching your personal and professional goals while managing your mental health.
Has mental health impacted your ability to perform your best at school, work, or in daily life? Have emotional difficulties caused you to struggle with reaching goals or maintaining relationships? Managing this alone is never easy. I am here to help you navigate difficult life transitions/stressors, while building upon your strengths. I offer a non-judgmental and collaborative approach, while encouraging you, (and sometimes challenging you), towards becoming your best self. Together, we can work on reaching your personal and professional goals while managing your mental health.
(716) 455-2818 x101 View (716) 455-2818 x101
Photo of Kristina Elizabeth Sykes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolivar, NY
Kristina Elizabeth Sykes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, NY 14221
As a counselor for 15 years I have worked with people from all backgrounds to help them find their true self and a new path free of their burdens. I make it a priority to provide a safe space offering compassion, care, validation and support. I believe we are all capable of change and finding the best version of ourselves.
As a counselor for 15 years I have worked with people from all backgrounds to help them find their true self and a new path free of their burdens. I make it a priority to provide a safe space offering compassion, care, validation and support. I believe we are all capable of change and finding the best version of ourselves.
(716) 354-8105 x46 View (716) 354-8105 x46
Photo of Allison Plunkett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolivar, NY
Allison Plunkett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, NY 14228
Allison Plunkett is a dedicated and compassionate Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a sincere empathy for others, and passion for helping clients heal from many types of mental health struggles, especially anxiety, trauma, and depression. With a background in serving clients with various needs in multiple settings as well as an EMDR certification, Allison brings a holistic perspective to her practice. With over five years of hands-on experience in the field, Allison has built upon her skills in providing care that is both person-centered and trauma-informed. She is committed to helping her clients learn, heal, and thrive. ​
Allison Plunkett is a dedicated and compassionate Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a sincere empathy for others, and passion for helping clients heal from many types of mental health struggles, especially anxiety, trauma, and depression. With a background in serving clients with various needs in multiple settings as well as an EMDR certification, Allison brings a holistic perspective to her practice. With over five years of hands-on experience in the field, Allison has built upon her skills in providing care that is both person-centered and trauma-informed. She is committed to helping her clients learn, heal, and thrive. ​
(716) 340-4213 View (716) 340-4213
Photo of Heidi C. Wagner Maggitti, Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Heidi C. Wagner Maggitti
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14226
I invite you to join me in a partnership on a path to finding health, happiness, and peace. My goal as a therapist is to facilitate genuine healing and wholeness in your life. I believe that every person is made of a collection of their own unique experiences, which is why I use an integrated, person-centered approach that is specialized to fit your individualized needs and goals. I will provide you with a non-judgmental, compassionate space to unpack your stories. Together, we will safely explore, process, and work through thoughts, feelings, and experiences that may be impacting your well-being.
I invite you to join me in a partnership on a path to finding health, happiness, and peace. My goal as a therapist is to facilitate genuine healing and wholeness in your life. I believe that every person is made of a collection of their own unique experiences, which is why I use an integrated, person-centered approach that is specialized to fit your individualized needs and goals. I will provide you with a non-judgmental, compassionate space to unpack your stories. Together, we will safely explore, process, and work through thoughts, feelings, and experiences that may be impacting your well-being.
(716) 389-5130 View (716) 389-5130
Photo of Emily Lalka, Licensed Master Social Worker in Bolivar, NY
Emily Lalka
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rochester, NY 14625  (Online Only)
My therapy practice focuses on helping you discover your inner strength, confidence, and knowledge so you can live a life that’s more joyful, peaceful, and fun! Whether you want to show up more fully in your relationship, advocate for yourself at work, or learn to trust your innate inner wisdom, we’ll work collaboratively to nourish your sense of independence and self determination. Conquering negative self talk, overcoming old patterns, and setting boundaries that support your mental health are all areas we’ll explore together.
My therapy practice focuses on helping you discover your inner strength, confidence, and knowledge so you can live a life that’s more joyful, peaceful, and fun! Whether you want to show up more fully in your relationship, advocate for yourself at work, or learn to trust your innate inner wisdom, we’ll work collaboratively to nourish your sense of independence and self determination. Conquering negative self talk, overcoming old patterns, and setting boundaries that support your mental health are all areas we’ll explore together.
(332) 529-3770 View (332) 529-3770
Photo of Courtney Kadish-Smith, Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Courtney Kadish-Smith
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Depew, NY 14043  (Online Only)
Are you currently struggling with anxiety, depression, a mood disorder or addiction? My overall goal is to help you be the best version of yourself. In order to do this I use education to help you build insight to the barriers preventing from this happening. With this I also provided a safe, non-judgmental environment for you to navigate through the hardships of mental health while focusing on your strengths in order for you to feel like your true self again.
Are you currently struggling with anxiety, depression, a mood disorder or addiction? My overall goal is to help you be the best version of yourself. In order to do this I use education to help you build insight to the barriers preventing from this happening. With this I also provided a safe, non-judgmental environment for you to navigate through the hardships of mental health while focusing on your strengths in order for you to feel like your true self again.
(716) 320-9442 View (716) 320-9442
Photo of Jola Dzierżyńska, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolivar, NY
Jola Dzierżyńska
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14226
I graduated from SUNY University at Buffalo School of Social Work and since then, I have worked with clients with various mental health afflictions in long-term and short-term therapy. I have experience working with clients in group & individual settings. Besides common approaches such as Cognitive & Dialectical Behavioral Therapies, I use Existential & Jungian perspectives to serve my clients. In trauma work, I use the Moral Injury Model, Schema Therapy approach as well as Post-Traumatic Growth Model. I see humor, laughter, poetry…and silence as quite effective therapeutic modalities, too!
I graduated from SUNY University at Buffalo School of Social Work and since then, I have worked with clients with various mental health afflictions in long-term and short-term therapy. I have experience working with clients in group & individual settings. Besides common approaches such as Cognitive & Dialectical Behavioral Therapies, I use Existential & Jungian perspectives to serve my clients. In trauma work, I use the Moral Injury Model, Schema Therapy approach as well as Post-Traumatic Growth Model. I see humor, laughter, poetry…and silence as quite effective therapeutic modalities, too!
(716) 576-3968 View (716) 576-3968
Photo of Alicia Maxwell, Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Alicia Maxwell
Counselor, LMHC, CASAC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Hilton, NY 14468  (Online Only)
My name is Alicia Maxwell and I am so happy that you stopped by! My practice is named, Intentional Healing Psychotherapy, where I am committed to supporting individuals with finding their voice and rewriting their narrative. Navigating through life comes with various challenges, some that are self-inflicted and others that are out of our control and my hope is to be a witness as you find the tools needed to write your new narrative.
My name is Alicia Maxwell and I am so happy that you stopped by! My practice is named, Intentional Healing Psychotherapy, where I am committed to supporting individuals with finding their voice and rewriting their narrative. Navigating through life comes with various challenges, some that are self-inflicted and others that are out of our control and my hope is to be a witness as you find the tools needed to write your new narrative.
(585) 228-0625 View (585) 228-0625
Photo of Lindsay Lupiani, Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Lindsay Lupiani
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14607
Is anxiety and stress overwhelming your life? Are you struggling to find peace and balance? You're not alone, and I'm here to help. Anxiety can be so debilitating; showing up in all aspects of our lives making it difficult for us to reach our personal and professional goals. Anxiety can manifest in various forms including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety, phobias, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Is anxiety and stress overwhelming your life? Are you struggling to find peace and balance? You're not alone, and I'm here to help. Anxiety can be so debilitating; showing up in all aspects of our lives making it difficult for us to reach our personal and professional goals. Anxiety can manifest in various forms including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety, phobias, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
(585) 312-3266 View (585) 312-3266
Photo of Leah Batey in Bolivar, NY
Leah Batey
MEd, MS, LMHCP
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14625
I have experienced the healing that comes from having the space to explore, grow, and understand new parts of yourself, while also being held and accepted for exactly who you are right now. This doesn’t mean that I won’t challenge you to grow and adapt at times, but my hope is that you will also know you are fully accepted just as you are. I believe that a therapeutic relationship based on trust and collaboration is the foundation of this work and that counseling can not, and should not, look the same for everybody. In my practice, I structure the therapy around you, your needs, and identities.
I have experienced the healing that comes from having the space to explore, grow, and understand new parts of yourself, while also being held and accepted for exactly who you are right now. This doesn’t mean that I won’t challenge you to grow and adapt at times, but my hope is that you will also know you are fully accepted just as you are. I believe that a therapeutic relationship based on trust and collaboration is the foundation of this work and that counseling can not, and should not, look the same for everybody. In my practice, I structure the therapy around you, your needs, and identities.
(585) 539-7731 View (585) 539-7731
Photo of Sherrell McLean, Licensed Master Social Worker in Bolivar, NY
Sherrell McLean
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW, PMH-C, CLC
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14202
Waitlist for new clients
Hi! I’m Sherrell. I'm a Licensed Social Worker committed to helping people unlearn hurtful habits and navigate difficult times and situations with healthy coping strategies. My work emphasizes the importance of self-love and self-care while identifying strengths, recognizing ineffective behaviors and beliefs, increasing self-awareness. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients reach their goals and holding them accountable to do so.
Hi! I’m Sherrell. I'm a Licensed Social Worker committed to helping people unlearn hurtful habits and navigate difficult times and situations with healthy coping strategies. My work emphasizes the importance of self-love and self-care while identifying strengths, recognizing ineffective behaviors and beliefs, increasing self-awareness. I believe in taking a collaborative approach to helping clients reach their goals and holding them accountable to do so.
(716) 354-3025 View (716) 354-3025
Photo of Tara Kohler, Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Tara Kohler
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Orchard Park, NY 14127  (Online Only)
Have you been struggling and seeking answers? Have you been wanting to find help, but don't know where to look? Well, I am here to encourage, support and guide you through your healing journey. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with seven years experience working with individuals with a variety of mental health concerns. Whether you're experiencing daily life stressors, generalized anxiety or depression, impulsivity concerns or a history of trauma, I am here to help. Your goals are my goals; let's identify and work towards achieving them together.
Have you been struggling and seeking answers? Have you been wanting to find help, but don't know where to look? Well, I am here to encourage, support and guide you through your healing journey. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with seven years experience working with individuals with a variety of mental health concerns. Whether you're experiencing daily life stressors, generalized anxiety or depression, impulsivity concerns or a history of trauma, I am here to help. Your goals are my goals; let's identify and work towards achieving them together.
(716) 317-5870 View (716) 317-5870
Photo of Bright Hope Counseling, Mental Health Counselor in Bolivar, NY
Bright Hope Counseling
Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC, CCPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
I firmly believe that in the darkest of places there can be Radiant Light and Bright Hope. Whether you or your child are struggling with a new diagnosis, working through trauma, wanting to set boundaries for a healthier self, or are in need of coping strategies for every day life, I am committed to walking through each step in the journey with you.
I firmly believe that in the darkest of places there can be Radiant Light and Bright Hope. Whether you or your child are struggling with a new diagnosis, working through trauma, wanting to set boundaries for a healthier self, or are in need of coping strategies for every day life, I am committed to walking through each step in the journey with you.
(315) 509-3893 View (315) 509-3893
Photo of Sav Drooz, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bolivar, NY
Sav Drooz
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
Fairport, NY 14450
Hello Folks. My name is Sav (they/them) and I am a gender non-conforming, queer, trans-masc, and white therapist. My personal identities greatly influence the lens of which I engage in a therapeutic relationship with the people that I serve. My therapeutic interests include working with individuals in the LGBTQIA2S+ community, anger processing, trauma work, intergenerational dynamics, and interpersonal relationship dynamics. I strongly believe in taking an anti-racist, decolonizing, culturally competent, and gender-affirming approach to therapy.
Hello Folks. My name is Sav (they/them) and I am a gender non-conforming, queer, trans-masc, and white therapist. My personal identities greatly influence the lens of which I engage in a therapeutic relationship with the people that I serve. My therapeutic interests include working with individuals in the LGBTQIA2S+ community, anger processing, trauma work, intergenerational dynamics, and interpersonal relationship dynamics. I strongly believe in taking an anti-racist, decolonizing, culturally competent, and gender-affirming approach to therapy.
(585) 207-3046 View (585) 207-3046
Photo of Jennifer Olsen in Bolivar, NY
Jennifer Olsen
MHC-LP, CASAC-T
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rochester, NY 14618
Searching for a therapist can be an overwhelming process. My goal is to provide you with a safe and welcoming space where you can be your authentic self and find understanding and healing. After developing a connection, we will collaborate to determine your therapy needs and create a plan. I will incorporate different styles of treatment depending on your preferences and learning style; I welcome feedback if something isn’t working for you so we can change gears! I believe you are the expert in your story and am dedicated to supporting and challenging you with evidence-based approaches to take your next steps forward.
Searching for a therapist can be an overwhelming process. My goal is to provide you with a safe and welcoming space where you can be your authentic self and find understanding and healing. After developing a connection, we will collaborate to determine your therapy needs and create a plan. I will incorporate different styles of treatment depending on your preferences and learning style; I welcome feedback if something isn’t working for you so we can change gears! I believe you are the expert in your story and am dedicated to supporting and challenging you with evidence-based approaches to take your next steps forward.
(585) 440-5790 View (585) 440-5790
Photo of Denise Eshenaur, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolivar, NY
Denise Eshenaur
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, DipACLM
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14607
Anxiety, depression, trauma, or even just being in a 'funk'; at some point in life, we all feel stuck. Sometimes we know we need to do things like manage stress, eat well, get better sleep and cultivate supportive relationships, but it's hard to find the way out. To address this, we'll dive into historical responses to the world around us and their relationship to all aspects of self-care. This will help us generate practical solutions specific to your life. Let's work together to find your path to becoming un-stuck.
Anxiety, depression, trauma, or even just being in a 'funk'; at some point in life, we all feel stuck. Sometimes we know we need to do things like manage stress, eat well, get better sleep and cultivate supportive relationships, but it's hard to find the way out. To address this, we'll dive into historical responses to the world around us and their relationship to all aspects of self-care. This will help us generate practical solutions specific to your life. Let's work together to find your path to becoming un-stuck.
(585) 580-1783 View (585) 580-1783
Photo of Maureen Ryan in Bolivar, NY
Maureen Ryan
DNP, AHNP, CSC, NBC-HWC
Verified Verified
Williamsville, NY 14221
As a Nurse Practitioner, sex therapist and intimacy counselor, I believe love and connection are central to human happiness. Through discreet virtual sessions, I help individuals and couples overcome obstacles to intimacy – opening the door to deeper connections, with increased love and affection. Difficulties with intimacy can arise at different points across the lifespan. Childbirth, stress of work/life balance, menopause, cancer treatments, and aging can all create or intensify barriers to sexual fulfillment.
As a Nurse Practitioner, sex therapist and intimacy counselor, I believe love and connection are central to human happiness. Through discreet virtual sessions, I help individuals and couples overcome obstacles to intimacy – opening the door to deeper connections, with increased love and affection. Difficulties with intimacy can arise at different points across the lifespan. Childbirth, stress of work/life balance, menopause, cancer treatments, and aging can all create or intensify barriers to sexual fulfillment.
(716) 508-3690 View (716) 508-3690

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bolivar, NY

< 10

Therapists in Bolivar, NY who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Child
100% Grief
100% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)
100% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

20 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% Cigna and Evernorth
100% Oxford

How Therapists in Bolivar, NY see their clients

100% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bolivar?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.