Humanistic Therapists in 97206

Photo of Nathan Bryson - Roots Therapy NW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Roots Therapy NW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
We take a humanistic approach to working with people, and work to create a safe, welcoming environment.
Welcome! We're glad you're here. We are a group of therapists with a diverse set of skills and experiences. Please see our website for therapist bios to see if we have a therapist who might feel like a good fit.
We take a humanistic approach to working with people, and work to create a safe, welcoming environment.
Welcome! We're glad you're here. We are a group of therapists with a diverse set of skills and experiences. Please see our website for therapist bios to see if we have a therapist who might feel like a good fit.
(503) 461-0639 View (503) 461-0639
Photo of Jenette A. Arellano, MS, NCC
Jenette A. Arellano
Professional Counselor Associate, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
My approach draws from an existential- humanistic lens, while drawing from Internal Family Systems, Attachment Theory, Emotion Focused Therapy, and Somatic Therapy.
My clients are mostly adults in individual and couples therapy who are navigating the stressors of relationships, adulthood, life transitions, communication, dating, anxiety, and attachment. You may be someone who is struggling to live in the uncertainty that life often brings, or maybe you are navigating boundaries in your relationships - all things that bring about anxiety and fear for many people. Despite what it may be, I am here to support you and talk through it with you. I can offer support in areas of anxiety, depression, grief, family/relationship/dating challenges, identity formation, sexuality, and personal growth.
My approach draws from an existential- humanistic lens, while drawing from Internal Family Systems, Attachment Theory, Emotion Focused Therapy, and Somatic Therapy.
My clients are mostly adults in individual and couples therapy who are navigating the stressors of relationships, adulthood, life transitions, communication, dating, anxiety, and attachment. You may be someone who is struggling to live in the uncertainty that life often brings, or maybe you are navigating boundaries in your relationships - all things that bring about anxiety and fear for many people. Despite what it may be, I am here to support you and talk through it with you. I can offer support in areas of anxiety, depression, grief, family/relationship/dating challenges, identity formation, sexuality, and personal growth.
(503) 782-9152 View (503) 782-9152
Photo of Megan Bier, MS, NCC
Megan Bier
Professional Counselor Associate, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
I primarily take a humanistic approach while also drawing on parts of Emotion Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Psychodynamic Theory, and Exposure Response Prevention/ I-CBT for client’s living with OCD.
I primarily work with clients who are experiencing OCD, anxiety, eating disorders, and are navigating various life transitions. My approach may vary slightly depending on your presentation, but one thing that stays consistent is my belief that the relationship between client and therapist is a huge catalyst to healing and growth. Active listening, unconditional positive regard, and challenging/highlighting unhelpful patterns when necessary are a few ways I help my clients become aligned with themselves and heal. I believe that the therapist/client relationship leads to new insights, and therefore lasting change for the client.
I primarily take a humanistic approach while also drawing on parts of Emotion Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Psychodynamic Theory, and Exposure Response Prevention/ I-CBT for client’s living with OCD.
I primarily work with clients who are experiencing OCD, anxiety, eating disorders, and are navigating various life transitions. My approach may vary slightly depending on your presentation, but one thing that stays consistent is my belief that the relationship between client and therapist is a huge catalyst to healing and growth. Active listening, unconditional positive regard, and challenging/highlighting unhelpful patterns when necessary are a few ways I help my clients become aligned with themselves and heal. I believe that the therapist/client relationship leads to new insights, and therefore lasting change for the client.
(503) 461-7934 View (503) 461-7934
Photo of Naomi Baker, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Naomi Baker
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206
My person-centered guidance is deeply rooted in the humanistic tradition, emphasizing collaboration.
Thoughtful, depth-oriented psychotherapy. Join us for our dream group! Starting Thursday evenings in October 2024 at the Burnside office. As a neurodivergent, feminist, depth-oriented therapist I value curiosity, kindness and creative exploration as ways to help you deepen your relationship with your inner way of knowing and navigating our world in a troubled time.
My person-centered guidance is deeply rooted in the humanistic tradition, emphasizing collaboration.
Thoughtful, depth-oriented psychotherapy. Join us for our dream group! Starting Thursday evenings in October 2024 at the Burnside office. As a neurodivergent, feminist, depth-oriented therapist I value curiosity, kindness and creative exploration as ways to help you deepen your relationship with your inner way of knowing and navigating our world in a troubled time.
(503) 455-7595 View (503) 455-7595
Photo of Jeffrey A. Kiilsgaard, LCSW, LICSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeffrey A. Kiilsgaard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
Types of treatment modalities that I utilize in session include, but are not limited to: DBT, CBT, MBT, Schema-Focused Therapy, and psychodynamic therapies through an existential- humanistic lens.
My therapeutic approach is tailored to adults who are currently experiencing depression, anxiety, emotion dysregulation, interpersonal deficits, and other issues regarding the self. I am a member of the LGBTQIA2S+ community and work well with the individualistic and affirmative fashions in which human beings choose to self-identify. As a licensed clinical social worker, I believe that the individual is part of system: the micro (familial), the mezzo (immediate community), and the macro (the world at large). I look forward to speaking with you.
Types of treatment modalities that I utilize in session include, but are not limited to: DBT, CBT, MBT, Schema-Focused Therapy, and psychodynamic therapies through an existential- humanistic lens.
My therapeutic approach is tailored to adults who are currently experiencing depression, anxiety, emotion dysregulation, interpersonal deficits, and other issues regarding the self. I am a member of the LGBTQIA2S+ community and work well with the individualistic and affirmative fashions in which human beings choose to self-identify. As a licensed clinical social worker, I believe that the individual is part of system: the micro (familial), the mezzo (immediate community), and the macro (the world at large). I look forward to speaking with you.
(503) 386-9751 View (503) 386-9751
Photo of Alison Jones, LCSW, CADC I, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alison Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC I
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
My approach is affirming, strengths-based & collaborative, and my clinical orientation is holistic and fluid to meet the presenting needs, rooted in liberation psychology, intersectional feminist theory, systems theory and humanistic psychology.
We are all born with the innate capacity to be connected to our feelings and needs, without judgement or shame. Experiences in life, and sociocultural messages, all inform and influence our understanding of ourselves, our feelings of worthiness, and our connection with these deeper parts of ourselves. Sometimes, in experiences of trauma or prolonged stress, we develop ways of existing and coping that are necessary for our survival, but over time may no longer be needed, and can decrease feelings of connection, with self & others.
My approach is affirming, strengths-based & collaborative, and my clinical orientation is holistic and fluid to meet the presenting needs, rooted in liberation psychology, intersectional feminist theory, systems theory and humanistic psychology.
We are all born with the innate capacity to be connected to our feelings and needs, without judgement or shame. Experiences in life, and sociocultural messages, all inform and influence our understanding of ourselves, our feelings of worthiness, and our connection with these deeper parts of ourselves. Sometimes, in experiences of trauma or prolonged stress, we develop ways of existing and coping that are necessary for our survival, but over time may no longer be needed, and can decrease feelings of connection, with self & others.
(971) 251-4546 View (971) 251-4546
Photo of Michael Ianello, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michael Ianello
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206
Utilizing humanistic, compassionate, interpersonal techniques I provide clients profound and lasting change through enhanced self-understanding.
I offer a collaborative space to practice regaining vitality, excitement, and understanding. I will provide you with skills that have the potential to deepen your self-awareness and compassion. I can help you to regain lost energy and focus through simple practices. You will learn what it means to foster confidence and resilience during times of difficulty or conflict. You will deepen your capacity to know what you truly want and gain the skills to become who you truly are.
Utilizing humanistic, compassionate, interpersonal techniques I provide clients profound and lasting change through enhanced self-understanding.
I offer a collaborative space to practice regaining vitality, excitement, and understanding. I will provide you with skills that have the potential to deepen your self-awareness and compassion. I can help you to regain lost energy and focus through simple practices. You will learn what it means to foster confidence and resilience during times of difficulty or conflict. You will deepen your capacity to know what you truly want and gain the skills to become who you truly are.
(503) 664-4924 View (503) 664-4924
Photo of Doug Vogel, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Doug Vogel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
My theoretical orientation is eclectic, but rooted in the principles of Humanistic and Existential therapeutic styles.
Men are often raised to believe that expressing emotions, or asking for help is a sign of weakness. Many of us were taught to be stoic, no matter what we are feeling. This unfortunate and destructive stigma can influence many to ignore the importance of striving to be mentally healthy, or to avoid confiding in close friends or family. This type of emotional isolation can lead to unhealthy stress levels, difficulty with relationships, or general dissatisfaction with life. It is not just a men's issue, as many women have similar struggles.
My theoretical orientation is eclectic, but rooted in the principles of Humanistic and Existential therapeutic styles.
Men are often raised to believe that expressing emotions, or asking for help is a sign of weakness. Many of us were taught to be stoic, no matter what we are feeling. This unfortunate and destructive stigma can influence many to ignore the importance of striving to be mentally healthy, or to avoid confiding in close friends or family. This type of emotional isolation can lead to unhealthy stress levels, difficulty with relationships, or general dissatisfaction with life. It is not just a men's issue, as many women have similar struggles.
(971) 266-4054 View (971) 266-4054
Photo of Dianna K Bowlen - A Season for Change Counseling & Hypnosis, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
A Season for Change Counseling & Hypnosis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
With compassion and listening, I will work with you to identify your underlying issues, help you to clarify your core beliefs, and help you to release limiting beliefs and behavioral patterns. My goal is to support you, to deepen your capacity for self-reflection, acceptance, and life purpose. I will honor your strengths while helping you to work through life transitions. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I can integrate whatever style of therapy you are interested in (e.g. talk, education, interactive, area specific). I use John Gottman's therapy for couples counseling. I offer sliding scale or insurance billing.
With compassion and listening, I will work with you to identify your underlying issues, help you to clarify your core beliefs, and help you to release limiting beliefs and behavioral patterns. My goal is to support you, to deepen your capacity for self-reflection, acceptance, and life purpose. I will honor your strengths while helping you to work through life transitions. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I can integrate whatever style of therapy you are interested in (e.g. talk, education, interactive, area specific). I use John Gottman's therapy for couples counseling. I offer sliding scale or insurance billing.
(503) 755-7853 View (503) 755-7853
Photo of Jared Gorfinkel, PsyD, Psychologist
Jared Gorfinkel
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
Perhaps you were raised in an environment that prioritizes mental health and is supportive of psychotherapy. Conversely, and as often the case, you were taught from caregivers that it was "weak" or "shameful" to obtain professional support, or to even seek help outside of yourself. These sentiments still permeate our culture, and though they are shifting, I find that they still lurk and impact one's drive to pursue mental health care. So in either case (and for all others in between), getting here was a process. In this spirit, I want to commend you for taking this huge and vulnerable step toward healing and deeper self-awareness!
Perhaps you were raised in an environment that prioritizes mental health and is supportive of psychotherapy. Conversely, and as often the case, you were taught from caregivers that it was "weak" or "shameful" to obtain professional support, or to even seek help outside of yourself. These sentiments still permeate our culture, and though they are shifting, I find that they still lurk and impact one's drive to pursue mental health care. So in either case (and for all others in between), getting here was a process. In this spirit, I want to commend you for taking this huge and vulnerable step toward healing and deeper self-awareness!
(503) 213-9160 View (503) 213-9160
Photo of Megan S Samsel, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Megan S Samsel
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
Whether we are exploring the relationship we have with ourselves or with others, I believe compassion and loving-presence are essential to understanding the parts of ourselves that feel tender and/or condemned. It isn’t uncommon for these tender parts to appear to be stuck in patterns that seem to further disconnect us from ourselves and others. I specialize in working with couples and individuals who are neurodivergent, and/or have complex trauma. My work is anti-oppressive, relational, humorous, and client-centered.
Whether we are exploring the relationship we have with ourselves or with others, I believe compassion and loving-presence are essential to understanding the parts of ourselves that feel tender and/or condemned. It isn’t uncommon for these tender parts to appear to be stuck in patterns that seem to further disconnect us from ourselves and others. I specialize in working with couples and individuals who are neurodivergent, and/or have complex trauma. My work is anti-oppressive, relational, humorous, and client-centered.
(971) 298-7928 View (971) 298-7928
Photo of Jenny Larson, MA, LPC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jenny Larson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
If you feel like life isn’t what you want it to be, you’re not connecting with others in the way that feels good to you, or if past patterns are no longer serving you, you’re not alone. I work from a place of compassion, understanding, intuition, and humor combined with an extensive array of therapeutic tools to help you reduce discomfort, heal, and engage in the life you want. I welcome the opportunity to work with people of all identities.
If you feel like life isn’t what you want it to be, you’re not connecting with others in the way that feels good to you, or if past patterns are no longer serving you, you’re not alone. I work from a place of compassion, understanding, intuition, and humor combined with an extensive array of therapeutic tools to help you reduce discomfort, heal, and engage in the life you want. I welcome the opportunity to work with people of all identities.
(503) 479-4905 View (503) 479-4905
Photo of Daniel Stinea - Daniel G Stinea LLC, LPC, NCC, CADCIII, Licensed Professional Counselor
Daniel G Stinea LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CADCIII
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
Waitlist for new clients
As a Mental Health Counselor licensed in Oregon and Washington, I work with individuals who have been through trauma and abuse and are experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety or depression, as well as substance abuse that are affecting their well-being and causing relationship issues. I believe that mind, body and spirit issues contribute to anxiety, depression, mood, addictions and relationship issues. My modalities of treatment include EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), LI (Lifespan Integration), DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy) and Motivational Interviewing.
As a Mental Health Counselor licensed in Oregon and Washington, I work with individuals who have been through trauma and abuse and are experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety or depression, as well as substance abuse that are affecting their well-being and causing relationship issues. I believe that mind, body and spirit issues contribute to anxiety, depression, mood, addictions and relationship issues. My modalities of treatment include EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), LI (Lifespan Integration), DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy) and Motivational Interviewing.
(971) 606-4828 View (971) 606-4828
Photo of Sally Foster Rudolph, LCAT, ART-BC, Art Therapist
Sally Foster Rudolph
Art Therapist, LCAT, ART-BC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
As a therapist, I strive to provide an accepting, genuine, creative, and hands-on way to process loss, trauma and overwhelm. Maybe the past is not allowing you to move forward, or worry about the future makes you feel stuck. Perhaps you have lost a loved one, or your health, or a job, or an important relationship. Perhaps you are looking for a way to express yourself fully and integrate your experiences, but need structure and guidance to do so. I offer art therapy sessions in both individual and group format.
As a therapist, I strive to provide an accepting, genuine, creative, and hands-on way to process loss, trauma and overwhelm. Maybe the past is not allowing you to move forward, or worry about the future makes you feel stuck. Perhaps you have lost a loved one, or your health, or a job, or an important relationship. Perhaps you are looking for a way to express yourself fully and integrate your experiences, but need structure and guidance to do so. I offer art therapy sessions in both individual and group format.
(503) 832-5061 View (503) 832-5061
Photo of Amy Swallow - Opal & Sage Art Therapy, Amy Swallow, LPC, LCAT, ATR-BC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Opal & Sage Art Therapy, Amy Swallow
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
Opal & Sage offers individual and group art therapy and counseling services that are person-centered and strengths-based. I welcome adult clients of all ages and abilities, with any personal concerns and conflicts regarding mental health. I specialize in working with individuals with dementia, traumatic brain injury, developmental disabilities, and physical disabilities.
Opal & Sage offers individual and group art therapy and counseling services that are person-centered and strengths-based. I welcome adult clients of all ages and abilities, with any personal concerns and conflicts regarding mental health. I specialize in working with individuals with dementia, traumatic brain injury, developmental disabilities, and physical disabilities.
(503) 506-2941 View (503) 506-2941
Photo of Kathryn F Weymouth, PhD
Kathryn F Weymouth
PhD
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
My clients are high functioning individuals who want help getting unstuck in some area of their lives, are seeking direction, and want help in alleviating pain, whether it is physical, emotional, psychological, relational, or spiritual. It's not unusual for them to have tried different therapies before coming to me, and most find that the combination of approaches that I use creates a healing synergy that they have not found elsewhere. In fact, my business card says "Deep Healing for Body, Mind, and Spirit." See my website at kweymouth.com for details.
My clients are high functioning individuals who want help getting unstuck in some area of their lives, are seeking direction, and want help in alleviating pain, whether it is physical, emotional, psychological, relational, or spiritual. It's not unusual for them to have tried different therapies before coming to me, and most find that the combination of approaches that I use creates a healing synergy that they have not found elsewhere. In fact, my business card says "Deep Healing for Body, Mind, and Spirit." See my website at kweymouth.com for details.
(503) 376-8719 View (503) 376-8719
Photo of Julianna Waters, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julianna Waters
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
Finding the right therapist can be tricky business. It's all in the match. Honest, clearly communicated feedback, compassion for your difficulties, sound clinical skills and well over 20 years of clinical experience dealing with depression, anxiety, social isolation, grief/loss, relationship problems, work issues and co-occurring medical/emotional conditions are what I have to offer you. Our work will consist of exploring your therapeutic goals, working to understand how you're current and past experiences are impacting your life then practicing changes that will move you forward. We will be a team.
Finding the right therapist can be tricky business. It's all in the match. Honest, clearly communicated feedback, compassion for your difficulties, sound clinical skills and well over 20 years of clinical experience dealing with depression, anxiety, social isolation, grief/loss, relationship problems, work issues and co-occurring medical/emotional conditions are what I have to offer you. Our work will consist of exploring your therapeutic goals, working to understand how you're current and past experiences are impacting your life then practicing changes that will move you forward. We will be a team.
(458) 217-6118 View (458) 217-6118
Photo of Majken Elek, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Majken Elek
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
We all deserve to feel aligned, safe and nurtured. Cultivating compassionate self-awareness and acceptance, are at the core of healing, change and growth. When we feel healthy and fulfilled we are more likely to live with meaning. I utilize an integrative lens, centered in mindfulness, somatic, attachment and IFS orientations to promote increased consciousness of thoughts, values, feelings, and behavior patterns. My approach is intuitive, and warm. Our work together involves expanding awareness of the inner mind, and felt senses to move towards a more integrated self. I am tele health only at this time. Serving Oregon and Montana.
We all deserve to feel aligned, safe and nurtured. Cultivating compassionate self-awareness and acceptance, are at the core of healing, change and growth. When we feel healthy and fulfilled we are more likely to live with meaning. I utilize an integrative lens, centered in mindfulness, somatic, attachment and IFS orientations to promote increased consciousness of thoughts, values, feelings, and behavior patterns. My approach is intuitive, and warm. Our work together involves expanding awareness of the inner mind, and felt senses to move towards a more integrated self. I am tele health only at this time. Serving Oregon and Montana.
(503) 406-1536 View (503) 406-1536
Photo of Jeremy Steenstrup Balthazar, MA, QMHP-R
Jeremy Steenstrup Balthazar
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, QMHP-R
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97206
I've recently joined a group practice located in Sellwood, Psychology & Wellness Group PDX. I am accepting clients and appointments can be scheduled by phone or through their website www.psychologyandwellnessgrouppdx.com. My practice is grounded in existential therapy which recognizes the importance of meaning, relationships, autonomy, authenticity, agency, creativity, and connection for acceptance, growth, and change. My experience includes working with bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, grief and bereavement, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, ADHD, sex addiction, substance addiction, and interpersonal relationships.
I've recently joined a group practice located in Sellwood, Psychology & Wellness Group PDX. I am accepting clients and appointments can be scheduled by phone or through their website www.psychologyandwellnessgrouppdx.com. My practice is grounded in existential therapy which recognizes the importance of meaning, relationships, autonomy, authenticity, agency, creativity, and connection for acceptance, growth, and change. My experience includes working with bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, grief and bereavement, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, ADHD, sex addiction, substance addiction, and interpersonal relationships.
(503) 966-7356 View (503) 966-7356
Photo of Keith Powrie - Keith Powrie, LCSW, LLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Keith Powrie, LCSW, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
My practice is focused on helping those struggling with concerns like excessive worry, low mood, life transitions and stress management. I find joy in helping others to more deeply understand themselves and in working together to untangle new ways to move forward. I am always flexible to my clients’ needs but tend to be “in the middle” around directiveness in sessions, often finding a balance between introducing new tools and leaving room for responding to what the week brings.
My practice is focused on helping those struggling with concerns like excessive worry, low mood, life transitions and stress management. I find joy in helping others to more deeply understand themselves and in working together to untangle new ways to move forward. I am always flexible to my clients’ needs but tend to be “in the middle” around directiveness in sessions, often finding a balance between introducing new tools and leaving room for responding to what the week brings.
(503) 974-0065 View (503) 974-0065
1
Humanistic Therapists

How does humanistic therapy work?

One tenet of humanistic therapy is that people are good. The humanistic approach is concerned with a person’s ability to accept oneself. It likewise encourages a person to overcome self-criticism and self-defeating tendencies, as well as disapproval from others. This approach also emphasizes self-actualization and treating an individual as a whole person. A foundation of this therapy type: The patient is the expert in their life, and treatment often takes the individual’s lead.

Is humanistic therapy evidence-based?

Humanistic therapy is an evidence-based practice. Research has found that humanistic therapy can lead to significant improvement, and for some people it can be just as effective as other therapies, such as Cognitive behavioral therapy. The benefits of humanistic therapy are enduring.

How long does humanistic therapy last?

The goal of humanistic therapy is to understand a person’s day-to-day experiences. While sessions can be short-term and last over a few months, therapy can sometimes continue beyond that and last up to a year or more. And because patients learn the theory behind humanistic therapy during treatment, they can also practice its tenets throughout life after therapy sessions have been completed.

Is humanistic therapy effective?

According to research, many patients find success with humanistic therapy. Researchers note that the therapy is particularly useful in addressing poor self-esteem and self-sabotage, as well as improving conditions including anxiety and depression. Improvements in problem areas can be long standing, as individuals can continue working on themselves by using the tools they’ve learned during treatment.