Therapists in Danville, AL

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Photo of Marcy J. Watkins, MS, MSCE, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Marcy J. Watkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MSCE, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35601  (Online Only)
Life can be a roller coaster ride with extreme highs and lows. Finding the right therapist to help you bring that ride to a happy ending can be challenging. I am someone who is committed to taking this journey with you in making every day your best day. I am caring, compassionate and energetic while getting to the root of the matter. You hold the keys to your overall happiness, I want to help you unlock the doors. Together we will develop your "Blue Print 2 Success" in your marriage, parenting skills, career goals, business or overall mental wellness! You can achieve the optimal success in every part of your life, everyday! Join me!
Life can be a roller coaster ride with extreme highs and lows. Finding the right therapist to help you bring that ride to a happy ending can be challenging. I am someone who is committed to taking this journey with you in making every day your best day. I am caring, compassionate and energetic while getting to the root of the matter. You hold the keys to your overall happiness, I want to help you unlock the doors. Together we will develop your "Blue Print 2 Success" in your marriage, parenting skills, career goals, business or overall mental wellness! You can achieve the optimal success in every part of your life, everyday! Join me!
(256) 371-4719 View (256) 371-4719
Photo of Holly Durhan, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Holly Durhan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Hartselle, AL 35640
We've all heard the expression life is a journey.  But what about when the journey is confusing & complicated?  I believe counseling is like a map or a compass- guidance to help us find our way.  I’d like to help you find your way forward.  I use a blend of counseling strategies including: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for an effective approach to working through and healing life's challenging seasons. I also believe faith can be an integral part of healing & for those that choose to do so, I combine faith based practices as well.
We've all heard the expression life is a journey.  But what about when the journey is confusing & complicated?  I believe counseling is like a map or a compass- guidance to help us find our way.  I’d like to help you find your way forward.  I use a blend of counseling strategies including: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for an effective approach to working through and healing life's challenging seasons. I also believe faith can be an integral part of healing & for those that choose to do so, I combine faith based practices as well.
(205) 927-6977 View (205) 927-6977
Photo of Sarah Jean Thomas, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Jean Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hartselle, AL 35640
My desire as a therapist is to walk alongside you in reaching your personal goals. These goals can range from improvement in managing anxiety and depression symptoms to healing from traumatic experiences. I will work with you to develop an individualized plan that meets your specific needs. I believe that all people are worthy of being seen, heard, and valued. I can guarantee that I will treat you with respect and actively listen to your story and your needs. Contact me to begin developing coping skills, improving your relationships, and to make sense of and heal from your past.
My desire as a therapist is to walk alongside you in reaching your personal goals. These goals can range from improvement in managing anxiety and depression symptoms to healing from traumatic experiences. I will work with you to develop an individualized plan that meets your specific needs. I believe that all people are worthy of being seen, heard, and valued. I can guarantee that I will treat you with respect and actively listen to your story and your needs. Contact me to begin developing coping skills, improving your relationships, and to make sense of and heal from your past.
(205) 898-5659 View (205) 898-5659
Photo of Sherri Cohen, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sherri Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Hartselle, AL 35640
Stressful, overwhelming times create a sense of powerlessness. With therapy, you can regain a sense of control and work through the emotional obstacles holding you back My purpose (Nia) is to help you navigate those difficult times. * Regain balance * Use anger constructively * Nurture yourself and others * Redraw your life's path * Learn to navigate past barriers
Stressful, overwhelming times create a sense of powerlessness. With therapy, you can regain a sense of control and work through the emotional obstacles holding you back My purpose (Nia) is to help you navigate those difficult times. * Regain balance * Use anger constructively * Nurture yourself and others * Redraw your life's path * Learn to navigate past barriers
(256) 973-9848 View (256) 973-9848
Photo of Charlene McLaughlin, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Charlene McLaughlin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603  (Online Only)
Greetings! My name is Charlene McLaughlin, and for over two decades, I've had the privilege of accompanying individuals like yourself on their journey toward healing and personal growth. With dual Masters in Social Work and Rehabilitation Counseling, along with a wealth of certifications including EMDR, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, I bring a rich tapestry of expertise to our therapeutic journey together.
Greetings! My name is Charlene McLaughlin, and for over two decades, I've had the privilege of accompanying individuals like yourself on their journey toward healing and personal growth. With dual Masters in Social Work and Rehabilitation Counseling, along with a wealth of certifications including EMDR, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, I bring a rich tapestry of expertise to our therapeutic journey together.
(256) 578-7725 View (256) 578-7725
Photo of Kathryn M Cox, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kathryn M Cox
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Hartselle, AL 35640
Counseling can be an unsettling idea, but what it should be is a collaborative process in which client and therapist set goals and make plans to achieve those goals. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor working with adolescents and adults to achieve a myriad of goals and resolve personal or interpersonal issues. I utilize a variety of therapeutic techniques so that whatever we are doing fits the needs of the client and helps them along their path to wholeness and mental health.
Counseling can be an unsettling idea, but what it should be is a collaborative process in which client and therapist set goals and make plans to achieve those goals. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor working with adolescents and adults to achieve a myriad of goals and resolve personal or interpersonal issues. I utilize a variety of therapeutic techniques so that whatever we are doing fits the needs of the client and helps them along their path to wholeness and mental health.
(256) 384-4027 View (256) 384-4027
Photo of Leah Barrier, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leah Barrier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35601
Congratulations on beginning your journey to a more healthy and fulfilling life! My name is Leah Barrier and I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker.
Congratulations on beginning your journey to a more healthy and fulfilling life! My name is Leah Barrier and I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker.
(256) 602-3227 View (256) 602-3227
Photo of Ashley Madry - Magee Madry Counseling Services, LLC, LICSW-S, ACSW, PIP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Magee Madry Counseling Services, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW-S, ACSW, PIP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Decatur, AL 35601
Life is challenging. Everyone experiences life events expected and unexpected. As a therapist I believe in partnering with each client to assist them in identifying their specifics needs and goals to meet the identified needs for treatment success. I engage clients in a supportive and sensitive manner, yet I challenge clients to move them from their comfort zone to encourage their personal and professional growth.
Life is challenging. Everyone experiences life events expected and unexpected. As a therapist I believe in partnering with each client to assist them in identifying their specifics needs and goals to meet the identified needs for treatment success. I engage clients in a supportive and sensitive manner, yet I challenge clients to move them from their comfort zone to encourage their personal and professional growth.
(938) 444-1693 View (938) 444-1693
Photo of Larry Prentice, MS, NCC, LPC, CCTP, CYMHS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Larry Prentice
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC, CCTP, CYMHS
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603  (Online Only)
No matter the problem, I am here to help you navigate through life's difficulties and guide you to your own understanding. My therapeutic approach is quite eclectic. I have a variety of experience in depression, anxiety, anger management, ADHD, behavioral issues, relationship and family issues. I have worked with adults, children and adolescents. I have an extensive background with individual, group therapy and family therapy.
No matter the problem, I am here to help you navigate through life's difficulties and guide you to your own understanding. My therapeutic approach is quite eclectic. I have a variety of experience in depression, anxiety, anger management, ADHD, behavioral issues, relationship and family issues. I have worked with adults, children and adolescents. I have an extensive background with individual, group therapy and family therapy.
(256) 637-4054 View (256) 637-4054
Photo of Jeannie Lynch - Jeannie Lynch, LPC-S, NCC, LLC, LPC-S, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jeannie Lynch, LPC-S, NCC, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35601
Because I am passionate about seeing you improve the quality of your life, I offer therapy with a faith-based perspective that will help you deal with your past, embrace your present, and look ahead to a brighter future filled with healing! I will help you break the chains of addiction, past trauma or abuse, anxiety, depression, and/or mental illness. My greatest asset is creating a counseling environment free from judgment so we can work on your primary concerns and problems, meeting you exactly where you are. We will enjoy a collaborative experience of give and take with the belief that you are the best expert about yourself.
Because I am passionate about seeing you improve the quality of your life, I offer therapy with a faith-based perspective that will help you deal with your past, embrace your present, and look ahead to a brighter future filled with healing! I will help you break the chains of addiction, past trauma or abuse, anxiety, depression, and/or mental illness. My greatest asset is creating a counseling environment free from judgment so we can work on your primary concerns and problems, meeting you exactly where you are. We will enjoy a collaborative experience of give and take with the belief that you are the best expert about yourself.
(855) 929-0738 View (855) 929-0738
Photo of Brittany Van Steenis, MA, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Brittany Van Steenis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Decatur, AL 35603  (Online Only)
I admire and respect the courage it takes for anyone to seek counseling for themselves. I know it isn't always easy, so I applaud you for taking the first step in your journey! I provide a safe, inclusive, nonjudgmental, and confidential environment for individuals to process their life experiences and any struggles they may be facing. I strive to empower individuals to overcome personal obstacles and offer a personalized approach tailored to your needs to help enhance your overall well-being and reach your goals. I will meet you as you are, and together we can identify your strengths and increase self-compassion.
I admire and respect the courage it takes for anyone to seek counseling for themselves. I know it isn't always easy, so I applaud you for taking the first step in your journey! I provide a safe, inclusive, nonjudgmental, and confidential environment for individuals to process their life experiences and any struggles they may be facing. I strive to empower individuals to overcome personal obstacles and offer a personalized approach tailored to your needs to help enhance your overall well-being and reach your goals. I will meet you as you are, and together we can identify your strengths and increase self-compassion.
(256) 901-8279 View (256) 901-8279
Photo of Kristeona Pitts Watkins, EdS, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kristeona Pitts Watkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603
Now Accepting BlueCross BlueShield of Alabama and Aetna Insurance! Greetings! Since 2016, I’ve been a trusted partner for my clients in helping them achieve healthy and balanced personal lives and relationships. As a licensed Mental Health Counselor, I’m deeply committed to being there when you need me most—helping you explore, heal, and move forward into a happy and healthy mindset. My experience allows me to understand the best ways to address your needs in an effective manner.
Now Accepting BlueCross BlueShield of Alabama and Aetna Insurance! Greetings! Since 2016, I’ve been a trusted partner for my clients in helping them achieve healthy and balanced personal lives and relationships. As a licensed Mental Health Counselor, I’m deeply committed to being there when you need me most—helping you explore, heal, and move forward into a happy and healthy mindset. My experience allows me to understand the best ways to address your needs in an effective manner.
(256) 223-9533 View (256) 223-9533
Photo of Christie Ledbetter, MA, PsyD, Psychologist
Christie Ledbetter
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603
Although it may be scary, seeking help is the first courageous step towards making positive changes in your life. I am passionate about working with diverse populations in order to help people make significant changes towards improving their overall well-being. I aspire to gain a personal understanding of people's lives, so that together, we can develop a plan that will help lead to a more healthy and meaningful life. The ultimate goals are to help increase self-satisfaction, enhance the ability to cope with the stress of life, and strengthen relationships with others.
Although it may be scary, seeking help is the first courageous step towards making positive changes in your life. I am passionate about working with diverse populations in order to help people make significant changes towards improving their overall well-being. I aspire to gain a personal understanding of people's lives, so that together, we can develop a plan that will help lead to a more healthy and meaningful life. The ultimate goals are to help increase self-satisfaction, enhance the ability to cope with the stress of life, and strengthen relationships with others.
(938) 777-7518 View (938) 777-7518
Photo of Christy Jacob - Covenant Counseling and Consulting, LPC-SC, NCC, BCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Covenant Counseling and Consulting
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-SC, NCC, BCC
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603
I am fueled by a commitment to help people find fulfillment in life & their relationships & reach their potential. I love helping individuals develop healthier, happier relationships & overcome life's struggles. As a therapist I have worked in both inpatient & outpatient settings & have treated a full spectrum of populations. My primary focus is on adults & I specialize in marital & family therapy. However, I am also an experienced children's play therapist & I see clients of all ages. I describe my approach as relational & prescriptive, which means I get to know you & your goals & customize my approach to help you meet them.
I am fueled by a commitment to help people find fulfillment in life & their relationships & reach their potential. I love helping individuals develop healthier, happier relationships & overcome life's struggles. As a therapist I have worked in both inpatient & outpatient settings & have treated a full spectrum of populations. My primary focus is on adults & I specialize in marital & family therapy. However, I am also an experienced children's play therapist & I see clients of all ages. I describe my approach as relational & prescriptive, which means I get to know you & your goals & customize my approach to help you meet them.
(256) 415-4883 View (256) 415-4883
Photo of Heather S. Lawson (Online And In Office), MSMFT, LPC-S, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Heather S. Lawson (Online And In Office)
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSMFT, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hartselle, AL 35640
The storms of life can be difficult to withstand at times. You don't have to go through them alone. Hi, I’m Heather Lawson owner of Redwood Counseling, LLC in Hartselle, AL. I am a licensed professional counselor with over ten years of experience. Whether it’s a mood disorder, trauma, marital or family issues, I am here to help. Together, we will identify and access your strengths and values, collaborate on solutions, and strengthen your resilience by providing you with new skills to help you grow through and heal from the difficult moments in life.
The storms of life can be difficult to withstand at times. You don't have to go through them alone. Hi, I’m Heather Lawson owner of Redwood Counseling, LLC in Hartselle, AL. I am a licensed professional counselor with over ten years of experience. Whether it’s a mood disorder, trauma, marital or family issues, I am here to help. Together, we will identify and access your strengths and values, collaborate on solutions, and strengthen your resilience by providing you with new skills to help you grow through and heal from the difficult moments in life.
(256) 507-9532 View (256) 507-9532
Photo of Keri A. Bressette, PhD, Psychologist
Keri A. Bressette
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603
Everyone is entitled to mental wellness. If it feels like you or your child is stuck in a cycle that isn't working, and don't know what to do or where to go, please know this: this is not a personal failure, you are not alone, and we can repair this. I am a licensed psychologist, and I offer evaluations and therapeutic services to children, adolescents, adults, and parents. I treat and diagnose a wide variety of concerns including neurodevelopmental, disruptive behaviors, developmental delays, mood, anxiety, and trauma. I believe in a collaborative approach to intervention that can help with life's daily problems.
Everyone is entitled to mental wellness. If it feels like you or your child is stuck in a cycle that isn't working, and don't know what to do or where to go, please know this: this is not a personal failure, you are not alone, and we can repair this. I am a licensed psychologist, and I offer evaluations and therapeutic services to children, adolescents, adults, and parents. I treat and diagnose a wide variety of concerns including neurodevelopmental, disruptive behaviors, developmental delays, mood, anxiety, and trauma. I believe in a collaborative approach to intervention that can help with life's daily problems.
(256) 795-2510 View (256) 795-2510
Photo of Brandy (And Associates) - Family Support Services LLC, LICSW, PIP, RPT-S, PCIT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Family Support Services LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, PIP, RPT-S, PCIT
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35601
Parenting is hard work and children don't come with instructions! As a parent we often worry about our children's well-being and we want to do the best for our children. At the same time we can feel overwhelmed especially if our children have experienced abuse, are acting out, experiencing adjustment to a divorce or other family changes, making bad choices, or seem sad and worried. Sometimes we don't know where to turn or what to do next. You may start to feel like you've tried everything with no results. I, and my licensed associate therapists, specialize in these and other issues.
Parenting is hard work and children don't come with instructions! As a parent we often worry about our children's well-being and we want to do the best for our children. At the same time we can feel overwhelmed especially if our children have experienced abuse, are acting out, experiencing adjustment to a divorce or other family changes, making bad choices, or seem sad and worried. Sometimes we don't know where to turn or what to do next. You may start to feel like you've tried everything with no results. I, and my licensed associate therapists, specialize in these and other issues.
(256) 588-4726 View (256) 588-4726
Photo of Dr. Sandra Bruno - Still Waters Counseling Center, MS, DMin, LMFT, AADC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Sandra Bruno - Still Waters Counseling Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, DMin, LMFT, AADC
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603
Whether you're looking for a therapist for a short-term issue or long-term "unraveling" of past issues, I have a myriad of evidence-based techniques and treatments in my toolkit. You will always find me Person-Centered, meaning our therapeutic alliance will be built on genuine care, concern, and respect. The therapeutic alliance between me as the therapist and you as the client must be one of trust and empathy in order to do our best work. I value this trust and, in return, place a high priority on protecting your privacy and well-being. Let's chat about how I might walk alongside you in your journey of growth and healing.
Whether you're looking for a therapist for a short-term issue or long-term "unraveling" of past issues, I have a myriad of evidence-based techniques and treatments in my toolkit. You will always find me Person-Centered, meaning our therapeutic alliance will be built on genuine care, concern, and respect. The therapeutic alliance between me as the therapist and you as the client must be one of trust and empathy in order to do our best work. I value this trust and, in return, place a high priority on protecting your privacy and well-being. Let's chat about how I might walk alongside you in your journey of growth and healing.
(484) 469-9048 View (484) 469-9048
Photo of Sienna Fleming-Coppedge, ALC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Sienna Fleming-Coppedge
Pre-Licensed Professional, ALC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Decatur, AL 35601
Giving yourself permission to heal is creating space for the version you’re growing into. You may be in a space where you realize your trauma is not who you are and your coping skills are no longer serving you. It takes courage to face your emotional fears, engage with the therapy process, and work towards that growth and acceptance.
Giving yourself permission to heal is creating space for the version you’re growing into. You may be in a space where you realize your trauma is not who you are and your coping skills are no longer serving you. It takes courage to face your emotional fears, engage with the therapy process, and work towards that growth and acceptance.
(256) 822-2002 View (256) 822-2002
Photo of Scott McGee, MS, LPC, Counselor
Scott McGee
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Decatur, AL 35603
My goal is to help individuals and families find strength and power within themselves to achieve their personal goals and deal with moments of adversity. I strive to help people work through conflicts, traumas, and other significant life events in order to reach a healthy sense of healing and empowerment. I believe in promoting open communication, restoring trust in one's self, and utilizing effective coping skills.
My goal is to help individuals and families find strength and power within themselves to achieve their personal goals and deal with moments of adversity. I strive to help people work through conflicts, traumas, and other significant life events in order to reach a healthy sense of healing and empowerment. I believe in promoting open communication, restoring trust in one's self, and utilizing effective coping skills.
(256) 513-6547 View (256) 513-6547

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Danville, AL

< 10

Therapists in Danville, AL who prioritize treating:

How Therapists in Danville, AL see their clients

2% Online Only
1% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Danville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.