Integrative Therapists in Bay City, TX

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Check out therapists located nearby or offering teletherapy in Texas below.

Online Therapists

Photo of Sarah Bond, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sarah Bond
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77006
I use an integrative approach to try and balance between your unique needs and the best evidence-based practices.
Do you feel an internal struggle to make it through the day, even if you appear fine on the outside? Maybe there is a significant change that is overwhelming the delicate balance causing you to teeter from coping to in over your head. Do you know that you probably need a change in your significant relationships? These are all feelings of people struggling with stress due to life changes, transition, grief, poor boundaries, depression, and anxiety. I provide a safe space where my clients share difficult feelings and are met with support and understanding.
I use an integrative approach to try and balance between your unique needs and the best evidence-based practices.
Do you feel an internal struggle to make it through the day, even if you appear fine on the outside? Maybe there is a significant change that is overwhelming the delicate balance causing you to teeter from coping to in over your head. Do you know that you probably need a change in your significant relationships? These are all feelings of people struggling with stress due to life changes, transition, grief, poor boundaries, depression, and anxiety. I provide a safe space where my clients share difficult feelings and are met with support and understanding.
(832) 534-3785 View (832) 534-3785
Photo of Kathleen Treadway, MA, LPC, NCC, LCDC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kathleen Treadway
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, LCDC
Verified Verified
Kingwood, TX 77339  (Online Only)
I view counseling as a partnership between the client and myself. I see my role as enabling people to explore ways to heal from emotional hurt, to discover pathways toward more effective and positive ways of thinking, and to adopt helpful patterns of behavior. Through counseling, I help people recognize their strengths; encourage individuals to take responsibility for their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors; and assist people in making and implementing effective decisions. Using an integrative approach to counseling, the techniques I use are cognitive-behavioral, person-centered, solution-focused, and interpersonal. I utilize cognitive-behavioral therapy and family system theories.
I view counseling as a partnership between the client and myself. I see my role as enabling people to explore ways to heal from emotional hurt, to discover pathways toward more effective and positive ways of thinking, and to adopt helpful patterns of behavior. Through counseling, I help people recognize their strengths; encourage individuals to take responsibility for their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors; and assist people in making and implementing effective decisions. Using an integrative approach to counseling, the techniques I use are cognitive-behavioral, person-centered, solution-focused, and interpersonal. I utilize cognitive-behavioral therapy and family system theories.
(713) 338-9113 View (713) 338-9113
Photo of Darnita D Samuels Lmft Supervisory Candidate, MSA, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Darnita D Samuels Lmft Supervisory Candidate
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSA, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77069
My approach to therapy is integrative.
From time to time we all face challenges and may need someone to help us along the way. I provide a safe, supportive and collaborative environment to empower you in building the skills to manage your issues/concerns. It all starts with a conversation. Let's talk!!
My approach to therapy is integrative.
From time to time we all face challenges and may need someone to help us along the way. I provide a safe, supportive and collaborative environment to empower you in building the skills to manage your issues/concerns. It all starts with a conversation. Let's talk!!
(919) 807-1692 View (919) 807-1692
Photo of Robin L. Schelling, MS, LPC-A, CSP
Robin L. Schelling
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, LPC-A, CSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77065
Transform Your Mind, Transform Your Life! Welcome to Robin Leah Counseling, where your journey toward healing and self-discovery begins. With years of experience in the field of integrative mental health, I specialize in combining traditional psychotherapy with innovative approaches to offer personalized care that addresses not just the mind, but the body and spirit as well. My practice is built on the belief that true wellness comes from a harmonious balance of all aspects of the self, and I am dedicated to helping you achieve that balance.
Transform Your Mind, Transform Your Life! Welcome to Robin Leah Counseling, where your journey toward healing and self-discovery begins. With years of experience in the field of integrative mental health, I specialize in combining traditional psychotherapy with innovative approaches to offer personalized care that addresses not just the mind, but the body and spirit as well. My practice is built on the belief that true wellness comes from a harmonious balance of all aspects of the self, and I am dedicated to helping you achieve that balance.
(346) 209-0332 View (346) 209-0332
Photo of Anne King, LCSW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anne King
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77080  (Online Only)
I provide individualized psychotherapy with an integrative approach to individuals and families of all backgrounds and identities.
At The Integrated Self, PLLC, I value the opportunity to work as a queer-informed, Substance Use and Mental & Behavioral Health therapist. My primary areas of focus are LGBTQIA+ related issues, working with folx in recovery from substance abuse, and supporting parents of adolescents and young adults. I work with a diverse group of clients who are motivated to develop the skills necessary for coping with issues including depression, anxiety, mood disorders, history of trauma, adjustment to life changes, and difficulty maintaining healthy relationships.
I provide individualized psychotherapy with an integrative approach to individuals and families of all backgrounds and identities.
At The Integrated Self, PLLC, I value the opportunity to work as a queer-informed, Substance Use and Mental & Behavioral Health therapist. My primary areas of focus are LGBTQIA+ related issues, working with folx in recovery from substance abuse, and supporting parents of adolescents and young adults. I work with a diverse group of clients who are motivated to develop the skills necessary for coping with issues including depression, anxiety, mood disorders, history of trauma, adjustment to life changes, and difficulty maintaining healthy relationships.
(832) 802-7828 View (832) 802-7828
Photo of Sheryl Boyle, MA, LPC-S, BSP, EMDR, PPNE, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sheryl Boyle
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, BSP, EMDR, PPNE
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
The Woodlands, TX 77380  (Online Only)
Anxiety, depression, grief, & chronic pain are experienced by many people. We know that continual stress negatively impacts our health, families, relationships, & jobs. Counseling can help you release the hurt, anger, pain, & sorrow to reveal the amazing you that has been hidden beneath the emotional turmoil. Integrative & non-pharmaceutical interventions, including learning new coping skills, support you in finding the path to the person you want to be. Counseling is a journey well worth taking, offering gifts in the process, often including revitalizing new meaning & purpose in your life.
Anxiety, depression, grief, & chronic pain are experienced by many people. We know that continual stress negatively impacts our health, families, relationships, & jobs. Counseling can help you release the hurt, anger, pain, & sorrow to reveal the amazing you that has been hidden beneath the emotional turmoil. Integrative & non-pharmaceutical interventions, including learning new coping skills, support you in finding the path to the person you want to be. Counseling is a journey well worth taking, offering gifts in the process, often including revitalizing new meaning & purpose in your life.
(281) 730-5390 View (281) 730-5390
Photo of Jennifer Schwartz-Doctorovich, MS, LPC-A, FNTP
Jennifer Schwartz-Doctorovich
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, LPC-A, FNTP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77008
Don’t live there one more day! I can assist you in healing your mind and body using an integrative approach.
Are you overwhelmed trying to find your purpose and flooded with emotions one minute but feel detached the next? Maybe everything is "alright", but picking at you is agitation and malcontent. Numb is your middle name. You are not alone. What is trauma? It's both generational and experiential. It's whatever happened to you that blocked connection to self and didn’t allow your inner child to fully express. No baby is born bad. Love was conditional. You have mother wounds. You worked hard to please others and shut your light down; you hid what you were really feeling. You stopped trusting people-and yourself. You want freedom!
Don’t live there one more day! I can assist you in healing your mind and body using an integrative approach.
Are you overwhelmed trying to find your purpose and flooded with emotions one minute but feel detached the next? Maybe everything is "alright", but picking at you is agitation and malcontent. Numb is your middle name. You are not alone. What is trauma? It's both generational and experiential. It's whatever happened to you that blocked connection to self and didn’t allow your inner child to fully express. No baby is born bad. Love was conditional. You have mother wounds. You worked hard to please others and shut your light down; you hid what you were really feeling. You stopped trusting people-and yourself. You want freedom!
(832) 780-5560 View (832) 780-5560
Photo of Zack Coapland, LMSW
Zack Coapland
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77057
I favor an integrative approach using Motivational Interviewing, CBT, and DBT customized for each individual.
My background and training include working with those experiencing anxiety and depression as well as significant co-occurring mental health challenges and substance use disorders. I also enjoy working with adolescents and young adults as they encounter the opportunities and challenges associated with transitioning to adulthood and seek and develop identity, purpose, competence, and independence. Goals that you identify will guide our solutions-focused work together.
I favor an integrative approach using Motivational Interviewing, CBT, and DBT customized for each individual.
My background and training include working with those experiencing anxiety and depression as well as significant co-occurring mental health challenges and substance use disorders. I also enjoy working with adolescents and young adults as they encounter the opportunities and challenges associated with transitioning to adulthood and seek and develop identity, purpose, competence, and independence. Goals that you identify will guide our solutions-focused work together.
(346) 522-4252 View (346) 522-4252
Photo of Jonathan A. Delgado, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jonathan A. Delgado
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Magnolia, TX 77354
As an integrative therapist, I have the advantage of drawing from various therapeutic modalities and techniques. This approach allows therapy to be tailored to the client's unique needs. As a minority counselor, I understand the value in someone's upbringing, experiences, and culture. And they will allows be consideration throughout the counseling process.
As an integrative therapist, I have the advantage of drawing from various therapeutic modalities and techniques. This approach allows therapy to be tailored to the client's unique needs. As a minority counselor, I understand the value in someone's upbringing, experiences, and culture. And they will allows be consideration throughout the counseling process.
(281) 816-4656 x700 View (281) 816-4656 x700
Photo of Heather Kaminski, MEd, LPC-A
Heather Kaminski
LPC Associate, MEd, LPC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shenandoah, TX 77384
Waitlist for new clients
I take a holistic, integrative, person centered, LGBTQ+ affirming and culturally sensitive approach founded in compassion and empathy.
EMDR Trained - Certified Trauma Professional: Hello! Welcome to my page! It's my firm belief that developing an authentic and trusting relationship with your therapist is foundational to healing. As a former educator, I also believe it's important to the healing process to develop an understanding of what it is that makes you tick, and to help you get to the root of the issues you are struggling with. I specialize in working with adult trauma survivors experiencing PTSD, and survivors of childhood trauma. Along with EMDR, I also have training in ACT, DBT, EFT (tapping), NLP, Religious Trauma, Grief, and Ecotherapy.
I take a holistic, integrative, person centered, LGBTQ+ affirming and culturally sensitive approach founded in compassion and empathy.
EMDR Trained - Certified Trauma Professional: Hello! Welcome to my page! It's my firm belief that developing an authentic and trusting relationship with your therapist is foundational to healing. As a former educator, I also believe it's important to the healing process to develop an understanding of what it is that makes you tick, and to help you get to the root of the issues you are struggling with. I specialize in working with adult trauma survivors experiencing PTSD, and survivors of childhood trauma. Along with EMDR, I also have training in ACT, DBT, EFT (tapping), NLP, Religious Trauma, Grief, and Ecotherapy.
(936) 226-3498 View (936) 226-3498
Photo of Kate McLennan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kate McLennan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77040
I practice Integrative psychotherapy, which means I draw from many modalities.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a doctorate in Creativity and Spirituality. I'm passionate about being fully present with my clients while supporting their growth and transformation. I find there is inherent wisdom in body, mind, and spirit that, when supported, seeks opportunities to heal and balance. One of my specialties is LGBTQIA affirmative therapy. I also love working with artists and creators and weaving elements of creativity into the therapeutic experience. I'm comfortable with integrating spiritual issues, somatic therapies, medical concerns, and dealing with grief.
I practice Integrative psychotherapy, which means I draw from many modalities.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a doctorate in Creativity and Spirituality. I'm passionate about being fully present with my clients while supporting their growth and transformation. I find there is inherent wisdom in body, mind, and spirit that, when supported, seeks opportunities to heal and balance. One of my specialties is LGBTQIA affirmative therapy. I also love working with artists and creators and weaving elements of creativity into the therapeutic experience. I'm comfortable with integrating spiritual issues, somatic therapies, medical concerns, and dealing with grief.
(281) 729-6472 View (281) 729-6472
Photo of Daryl Smith, MEd, LAC
Daryl Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MEd, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77479
This wisdom drives my integrative schools of thought in mental health counseling for teens, adults, and families.
A client's choices, mood, and views of the world are influenced by their experiences, physical, emotional, and spiritual connections. I am confident that the positive interplay between all four of these areas will promote a brighter future. As part of the human condition, when there is a deficit in our physical, emotional, or spiritual well-being, personal and social growth is interrupted.
This wisdom drives my integrative schools of thought in mental health counseling for teens, adults, and families.
A client's choices, mood, and views of the world are influenced by their experiences, physical, emotional, and spiritual connections. I am confident that the positive interplay between all four of these areas will promote a brighter future. As part of the human condition, when there is a deficit in our physical, emotional, or spiritual well-being, personal and social growth is interrupted.
(346) 559-2815 View (346) 559-2815
Photo of Ruth M Opiyo, MA, LPC, EMDR, CCTP, CIMHP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ruth M Opiyo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR, CCTP, CIMHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
As every individual and family is unique, I believe in using an integrative therapeutic approach that utilizes scientifically validated techniques.
Stop surviving and start thriving! For 20+ years I have been providing care to individuals and families struggling with depression, anxiety, addictions, work related issues, conflict, grief and stress. I'm also certified as a trauma professional. I'll help you become competent in navigating life's challenges. I recognize that every individual is unique, complex and the bona fide expert on their life, so I integrate proven treatment methods and interventions. Gain insight so that you can address those thoughts and actions that keep you stuck and in distress. Telehealth services are available.
As every individual and family is unique, I believe in using an integrative therapeutic approach that utilizes scientifically validated techniques.
Stop surviving and start thriving! For 20+ years I have been providing care to individuals and families struggling with depression, anxiety, addictions, work related issues, conflict, grief and stress. I'm also certified as a trauma professional. I'll help you become competent in navigating life's challenges. I recognize that every individual is unique, complex and the bona fide expert on their life, so I integrate proven treatment methods and interventions. Gain insight so that you can address those thoughts and actions that keep you stuck and in distress. Telehealth services are available.
(281) 729-4884 View (281) 729-4884
Photo of Selam Kebede, MA, LPC, CCTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Selam Kebede
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sugar Land, TX 77478
I use integrative and evidence-based interventions to help my client reduce distress, overcome their struggle, and find healing from trauma so it no longer run your life.
The heart of counseling is a warm, safe, and non-judgmental relationship that focus on meeting life demands. I enjoy collaborating with individuals, couples, and families to meet the challenges they are currently experiencing and build the skills and confidence needed to navigate the future with resilience.
I use integrative and evidence-based interventions to help my client reduce distress, overcome their struggle, and find healing from trauma so it no longer run your life.
The heart of counseling is a warm, safe, and non-judgmental relationship that focus on meeting life demands. I enjoy collaborating with individuals, couples, and families to meet the challenges they are currently experiencing and build the skills and confidence needed to navigate the future with resilience.
(832) 536-9424 View (832) 536-9424
Photo of Vicky Pierre, LCSW-S, MBA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Vicky Pierre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S, MBA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Katy, TX 77450  (Online Only)
Her approach to therapy is an integrative, client-centered, strengths-based approach.
Do you often feel weighed down by life's pressures or feelings of anxiety?” or, “If you find it difficult to make friends and experience loneliness regularly as a result, come talk to me. Together, we will work on strategies that allow you to address the root causes of your difficulties and build meaningful connections.”
Her approach to therapy is an integrative, client-centered, strengths-based approach.
Do you often feel weighed down by life's pressures or feelings of anxiety?” or, “If you find it difficult to make friends and experience loneliness regularly as a result, come talk to me. Together, we will work on strategies that allow you to address the root causes of your difficulties and build meaningful connections.”
(832) 219-9554 View (832) 219-9554
Photo of undefined - Brazos Valley Mental Health & Wellness, PsyD, Psychologist
Brazos Valley Mental Health & Wellness
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Brenham, TX 77833
If you are looking for a holistic, integrative, and personal approach to your mental health and well-being, then you have found your place. Our therapists respect your individual journey and the challenges you may face or are facing. We strive to help you find your own place of healing by acknowledging, embracing, and allowing you to come to understand yourself as a unique and wonderfully made spiritual being. There is not a "one size fits all' answer or fix for the issues you may be experiencing, so we creatively integrate different modalities as needed.
If you are looking for a holistic, integrative, and personal approach to your mental health and well-being, then you have found your place. Our therapists respect your individual journey and the challenges you may face or are facing. We strive to help you find your own place of healing by acknowledging, embracing, and allowing you to come to understand yourself as a unique and wonderfully made spiritual being. There is not a "one size fits all' answer or fix for the issues you may be experiencing, so we creatively integrate different modalities as needed.
(979) 258-6538 View (979) 258-6538
Photo of Micah Harrell, MS, LPC-A, NCC
Micah Harrell
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, LPC-A, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77024
I specialize in integrative therapy, blending person-centered, narrative therapy, play therapy, expressive arts.
I support clients for various challenges such as anxiety, stress, depression, relationships, identity issues, and difficulties in managing emotions. I create a safe space to explore these issues and develop coping strategies. Let’s start building upon personal growth, resilience, and self-acceptance. You will find understanding, guidance, and tools to overcome negative thoughts and anxieties, fostering a sense of well-being. Your motivation lies in the pursuit of a happier, more fulfilling life, marked by self-discovery and a positive outlook.
I specialize in integrative therapy, blending person-centered, narrative therapy, play therapy, expressive arts.
I support clients for various challenges such as anxiety, stress, depression, relationships, identity issues, and difficulties in managing emotions. I create a safe space to explore these issues and develop coping strategies. Let’s start building upon personal growth, resilience, and self-acceptance. You will find understanding, guidance, and tools to overcome negative thoughts and anxieties, fostering a sense of well-being. Your motivation lies in the pursuit of a happier, more fulfilling life, marked by self-discovery and a positive outlook.
(832) 662-7398 View (832) 662-7398
Photo of Dr. Wenli Liu, MD
Dr. Wenli Liu
MD
Not Verified Not Verified
Bellaire, TX 77401
As an integrative medicine physician, I focus on the powerful connection between nutrition, symptom management, and mental well-being.
Frequently, metabolic disorders and mental health challenges coexist, exacerbating each other's effects. As one aspect worsens, it can adversely affect the other. Rectifying metabolic disorders can alleviate mental health issues, and vice versa, yet adopting essential lifestyle adjustments such as dietary changes and behavioral modifications can prove challenging amidst intense emotional stress and chronic symptoms. By seamlessly combining holistic insight and conventional medical precision, integrative medicine offers an array of tools tailored to tackle intricate symptom clusters, fostering enduring well-being and health.
As an integrative medicine physician, I focus on the powerful connection between nutrition, symptom management, and mental well-being.
Frequently, metabolic disorders and mental health challenges coexist, exacerbating each other's effects. As one aspect worsens, it can adversely affect the other. Rectifying metabolic disorders can alleviate mental health issues, and vice versa, yet adopting essential lifestyle adjustments such as dietary changes and behavioral modifications can prove challenging amidst intense emotional stress and chronic symptoms. By seamlessly combining holistic insight and conventional medical precision, integrative medicine offers an array of tools tailored to tackle intricate symptom clusters, fostering enduring well-being and health.
(346) 788-1817 View (346) 788-1817
Photo of Childhood Trauma And Unhealthy Relationship Christian Therapy - Sarah Dailey, LPC , MAMFT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Childhood Trauma And Unhealthy Relationship Christian Therapy - Sarah Dailey
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC , MAMFT
Verified Verified
Cypress, TX 77433
I offer Christian counseling and use an integrative approach for those who wish to include Christian faith in their counseling.
You have tried many things and nothing seems to work. The same issues keep coming up and despite many attempts, you continue to respond in a way that you don’t want to. You struggle with feelings of unworthiness, inadequacy, helplessness, and hopelessness. These negative self referencing beliefs are holding you back. You need to achieve a sense of safety and self-worth after being hurt. It is courageous to extend compassion to yourself and learn to move through hardship in a way that does not hold you back from living a life of contentment and connection.
I offer Christian counseling and use an integrative approach for those who wish to include Christian faith in their counseling.
You have tried many things and nothing seems to work. The same issues keep coming up and despite many attempts, you continue to respond in a way that you don’t want to. You struggle with feelings of unworthiness, inadequacy, helplessness, and hopelessness. These negative self referencing beliefs are holding you back. You need to achieve a sense of safety and self-worth after being hurt. It is courageous to extend compassion to yourself and learn to move through hardship in a way that does not hold you back from living a life of contentment and connection.
(832) 219-6110 View (832) 219-6110
Photo of Mireya Pava, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mireya Pava
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77008
Each client is unique and I utilize an integrative approach that uses different theories tailored to the needs of my clients.
Life is an adventure and too many people attempt to journey alone. At times paths are needed with a guide. Counseling provides you with a safe place to process emotions and life experiences. If you feel stuck and do not know how to move forward, I can help you. As your therapist, I will help you on your journey towards self-healing and empowerment. I work with children, teens, and adults who are experiencing an array of different distress from life’s transitions.
Each client is unique and I utilize an integrative approach that uses different theories tailored to the needs of my clients.
Life is an adventure and too many people attempt to journey alone. At times paths are needed with a guide. Counseling provides you with a safe place to process emotions and life experiences. If you feel stuck and do not know how to move forward, I can help you. As your therapist, I will help you on your journey towards self-healing and empowerment. I work with children, teens, and adults who are experiencing an array of different distress from life’s transitions.
(832) 479-2886 View (832) 479-2886

See more therapy options for Bay City

Integrative Therapists

What is integrative therapy?

Integrative therapy is a type of therapy that combines ideas and techniques from different therapeutic approaches depending on the needs of the individual client. By merging elements of different treatments, an integrative therapist aims to offer a more flexible approach than those who practice just one type of therapy.

How does integrative therapy work?

Integrative therapy approaches a client’s mental, physical, and emotional health in a holistic way to discover the sources of their unhealthy behavior patterns or other challenges and considers the approach most likely to lead to improvement. Among the techniques an integrative therapist may practice are cognitive-behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, EMDR, mindfulness, art or music therapy, psychodynamic therapy, breathwork, family systems therapy, gestalt therapy, and trauma-informed therapy. An integrative therapist regularly evaluates the client’s progress and is prepared to pivot to a different approach if progress stalls.

How long does integrative therapy last?

As with most forms of talk therapy, there is no set duration or end point for integrative therapy; people who find they are making progress typically continue until they feel they’ve addressed the issues that spurred them to seek treatment. New patients should understand that it may take some time for a therapist to land on a treatment approach that best meets their needs, but once they do, they should expect sessions to extend for a number of months, typically including at least 12 sessions.

How effective is integrative therapy?

There are hundreds of types of talk therapy, and research shows that while they vary in form, goals, and frequency, many if not all can produce similarly successful outcomes. But a single approach does not always deliver the greatest, or speediest, benefit, and so even therapists primarily trained in one model will use tools, language, techniques, or exercises from others to shape an effective treatment plan.