Family Therapy in Culver, OR

Photo of David Earl Stetson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver, OR
David Earl Stetson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SAP
Verified Verified
Culver, OR 97734  (Online Only)
Making the decision to go to a counselor/psychotherapist is a true act of courage. I honor you for taking this courageous step. I specialize in working with individuals struggling with all types of addictions ie alcohol,drugs,sex,food,gambling. I view addictions in a broader sense to include self defeating thought patterns, love/relationship addiction, hoarding, internet use, procrastination. Addictions are about avoiding pain and getting trapped in a repetitive cycle of thoughts and behaviors that result in more pain and regret. I provide my clients with a roadmap to follow as they seek to reclaim their self-esteem, integrity and joy.
Making the decision to go to a counselor/psychotherapist is a true act of courage. I honor you for taking this courageous step. I specialize in working with individuals struggling with all types of addictions ie alcohol,drugs,sex,food,gambling. I view addictions in a broader sense to include self defeating thought patterns, love/relationship addiction, hoarding, internet use, procrastination. Addictions are about avoiding pain and getting trapped in a repetitive cycle of thoughts and behaviors that result in more pain and regret. I provide my clients with a roadmap to follow as they seek to reclaim their self-esteem, integrity and joy.
(541) 526-5349 View (541) 526-5349

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Tiffany C. Stadler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Culver, OR
Tiffany C. Stadler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Terrebonne, OR 97760
HEALING begins with one step, STRENGTH is built along the way. I utilize several different counseling techniques to design a unique program for each client. It is my passion to walk with individuals, and families, during their most troubling times, guiding each client as they find strength and hope on their journey towards healing.
HEALING begins with one step, STRENGTH is built along the way. I utilize several different counseling techniques to design a unique program for each client. It is my passion to walk with individuals, and families, during their most troubling times, guiding each client as they find strength and hope on their journey towards healing.
(541) 234-8189 View (541) 234-8189
Photo of Jennifer McKague LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Culver, OR
Jennifer McKague LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Terrebonne, OR 97760
Not accepting new clients
My approach to counseling is collaborative and my goal is to develop caring, respectful relationships with my clients. I believe everyone can develop new skills and strategies in order to be successful. My therapeutic interventions are holistic and integrative and the specific treatment strategies I utilize in my practice include those drawn from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused, Mindfulness Based, and Play Therapy. My practice focuses on promoting healing and resiliency in children, families, and adults. My work is greatly influenced by attachment and developmental theories, brain and trauma research, and the practice of mindfulness throughout the lifespan.
My approach to counseling is collaborative and my goal is to develop caring, respectful relationships with my clients. I believe everyone can develop new skills and strategies in order to be successful. My therapeutic interventions are holistic and integrative and the specific treatment strategies I utilize in my practice include those drawn from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused, Mindfulness Based, and Play Therapy. My practice focuses on promoting healing and resiliency in children, families, and adults. My work is greatly influenced by attachment and developmental theories, brain and trauma research, and the practice of mindfulness throughout the lifespan.
(541) 213-2151 View (541) 213-2151
Photo of Gina R Lawrence, Licensed Professional Counselor in Culver, OR
Gina R Lawrence
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSE, LPC
Verified Verified
Terrebonne, OR 97760  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I serve individuals seeking to overcome negative thinking and self-limiting beliefs that cause conflict and discontent, My philosophy is based on a person-centered holistic approach with a heavy reliance on CBT, Mindfulness, and EMDR Therapy. I strive is to assist individuals to release negative thoughts and patterns that interfere with their inner peace, which in turn, can foster an improved feeling of connection with one's self and others. I believe you can heal your past and overcome limiting thoughts and behaviors. It's never to last to take charge of your life!
I serve individuals seeking to overcome negative thinking and self-limiting beliefs that cause conflict and discontent, My philosophy is based on a person-centered holistic approach with a heavy reliance on CBT, Mindfulness, and EMDR Therapy. I strive is to assist individuals to release negative thoughts and patterns that interfere with their inner peace, which in turn, can foster an improved feeling of connection with one's self and others. I believe you can heal your past and overcome limiting thoughts and behaviors. It's never to last to take charge of your life!
(541) 248-6545 View (541) 248-6545

Online Therapists

Photo of Quality of Life Therapy LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver, OR
Quality of Life Therapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Salem, OR 97302
Walking alongside you as you seek therapy is my passion. Helping those who are experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, caregiver burn out, health care complexities or a life limiting illness that may be impacting your quality of life, is the focus of my practice. Please anticipate some homework as you work with me. My practice focuses on individual counseling but at times, when we agree it will be helpful, integrates other family members.
Walking alongside you as you seek therapy is my passion. Helping those who are experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, caregiver burn out, health care complexities or a life limiting illness that may be impacting your quality of life, is the focus of my practice. Please anticipate some homework as you work with me. My practice focuses on individual counseling but at times, when we agree it will be helpful, integrates other family members.
(503) 743-7545 View (503) 743-7545
Photo of Anastasia Zankowsky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver, OR
Anastasia Zankowsky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
My MSW had a focus on multigenerational practice with elders, I completed a palliative care fellowship at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, trained in couples and family therapy at the Ackerman Institute, & I most recently worked at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
Self awareness and connection can heal. My practice is a place where we can build safety and vulnerability, and work together to help you better understand yourself. Therapy is not always easy, but here you can regain a sense of control and create momentum.
My MSW had a focus on multigenerational practice with elders, I completed a palliative care fellowship at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, trained in couples and family therapy at the Ackerman Institute, & I most recently worked at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
Self awareness and connection can heal. My practice is a place where we can build safety and vulnerability, and work together to help you better understand yourself. Therapy is not always easy, but here you can regain a sense of control and create momentum.
(646) 600-9182 View (646) 600-9182
Photo of Crystal Dumas Agency Has No Waiting List!, Pre-Licensed Professional in Culver, OR
Crystal Dumas Agency Has No Waiting List!
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, ALC
Verified Verified
Bend, OR 97701  (Online Only)
I also work with marriage and family concerns! My practice also offers Medication Management with a Psychiatric NP.
The word counseling can be given a negative view. We live in a society where there is judgement, lack of empathy, and everyone focusing on self; that can be a lonely, overwhelming life to live. Knowing these trials, my goal as a counselor is to walk with you through your process of healing and restoration. This means that counseling is simply focusing on your strengths, and addressing the steps that you feel are best to make a new direction to have an overflow of more greatness in life. Everyone needs a boost of support to get through each day. So, lets take that first step together!
I also work with marriage and family concerns! My practice also offers Medication Management with a Psychiatric NP.
The word counseling can be given a negative view. We live in a society where there is judgement, lack of empathy, and everyone focusing on self; that can be a lonely, overwhelming life to live. Knowing these trials, my goal as a counselor is to walk with you through your process of healing and restoration. This means that counseling is simply focusing on your strengths, and addressing the steps that you feel are best to make a new direction to have an overflow of more greatness in life. Everyone needs a boost of support to get through each day. So, lets take that first step together!
(971) 414-2615 View (971) 414-2615
Photo of Ellyn Singer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver, OR
Ellyn Singer
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MFT, RN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Salem, OR 97302
Dr. Ellyn Singer has been working in mental health for nearly 29 years. Throughout the course of her career, Dr. Singer has treated adults/adolescents, couples and families experiencing depression, suicidality, anxiety, personality disorders and addictive behaviors. She currently works in an intensive psychiatric facility as an individual/ family therapist. Dr. Singer also trains/supervises associates in Maternal Mental Health, Family/Child Therapy.
Dr. Ellyn Singer has been working in mental health for nearly 29 years. Throughout the course of her career, Dr. Singer has treated adults/adolescents, couples and families experiencing depression, suicidality, anxiety, personality disorders and addictive behaviors. She currently works in an intensive psychiatric facility as an individual/ family therapist. Dr. Singer also trains/supervises associates in Maternal Mental Health, Family/Child Therapy.
(310) 956-4034 View (310) 956-4034
Photo of Gary Conachan III, Pre-Licensed Professional in Culver, OR
Gary Conachan III
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97266  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My approach is shaped by Internal Family Systems or parts work.
As an ex-evangelical queer person, I am passionate about partnering with LGBTQIA+ adults to help them live authentic and fulfilling sexual, relational, and spiritual lives through sex and relationship therapy. Client issues include but are not limited to navigating non-affirming relationships, sexual concerns and "dysfunctions," and breakdowns in communication or values conflicts. I collaborate with my clients to increase self-understanding, foster agency, clarify self-defined values, build communication skills, increase emotional well-being in relationships, heal from religious trauma, and explore spirituality.
My approach is shaped by Internal Family Systems or parts work.
As an ex-evangelical queer person, I am passionate about partnering with LGBTQIA+ adults to help them live authentic and fulfilling sexual, relational, and spiritual lives through sex and relationship therapy. Client issues include but are not limited to navigating non-affirming relationships, sexual concerns and "dysfunctions," and breakdowns in communication or values conflicts. I collaborate with my clients to increase self-understanding, foster agency, clarify self-defined values, build communication skills, increase emotional well-being in relationships, heal from religious trauma, and explore spirituality.
(503) 543-1994 View (503) 543-1994
Photo of Sahar L. Jones, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver, OR
Sahar L. Jones
Marriage & Family Therapist, QMHP, LMFT
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97215
My areas of focus are trauma, chronic mental illness or disability, minority stress, culturally specific therapy, identity and life purpose, and family & relationship therapy.
Feeling isolated, unsure of your purpose, stressed in your relationships, or ashamed or confused about your thoughts, actions or feelings? You are not alone. Mental health, relationship conflict, social/economic stressors, and life during COVID can all make it challenging to feel truly connected. But experiencing connection – whether with yourself, loved ones, pets, or the natural world – is the cornerstone to wellness, and it's worth the vulnerability it takes to get there. Together we'll explore how to support you in building connections and coping skills that nourish you and your relationships for the long term.
My areas of focus are trauma, chronic mental illness or disability, minority stress, culturally specific therapy, identity and life purpose, and family & relationship therapy.
Feeling isolated, unsure of your purpose, stressed in your relationships, or ashamed or confused about your thoughts, actions or feelings? You are not alone. Mental health, relationship conflict, social/economic stressors, and life during COVID can all make it challenging to feel truly connected. But experiencing connection – whether with yourself, loved ones, pets, or the natural world – is the cornerstone to wellness, and it's worth the vulnerability it takes to get there. Together we'll explore how to support you in building connections and coping skills that nourish you and your relationships for the long term.
(503) 300-5274 View (503) 300-5274
Photo of Malia Graves, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Culver, OR
Malia Graves
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97215  (Online Only)
Systemic therapy can offer a holistic view that incorporates all aspects of your life, from your family history to Portland culture and beyond, allowing for wider awareness of how you fit in these systems.
Are you feeling like your relationships are stressed, disconnected, or just not the same as they used to be? Do you feel overwhelmed, anxious, or not like yourself? - Learning how to manage our emotions and communicate effectively can be tricky, but especially with our families and partners. Don't take on the challenge alone, build the skills to manage your mental health effectively with the support of a licensed mental health professional. My intention is to support your healing and guide you towards sustainable goals that will let you feel safe, heard, and connected. Let me help you take the first steps towards growth!
Systemic therapy can offer a holistic view that incorporates all aspects of your life, from your family history to Portland culture and beyond, allowing for wider awareness of how you fit in these systems.
Are you feeling like your relationships are stressed, disconnected, or just not the same as they used to be? Do you feel overwhelmed, anxious, or not like yourself? - Learning how to manage our emotions and communicate effectively can be tricky, but especially with our families and partners. Don't take on the challenge alone, build the skills to manage your mental health effectively with the support of a licensed mental health professional. My intention is to support your healing and guide you towards sustainable goals that will let you feel safe, heard, and connected. Let me help you take the first steps towards growth!
(971) 308-5256 View (971) 308-5256
Photo of Heather Wheeler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Culver, OR
Heather Wheeler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bend, OR 97701  (Online Only)
My name is Heather Wheeler and I provide counseling for clients ages 12 to 100! I work with clients who have experienced or are experiencing trauma, such as sexual abuse or family violence; anxiety; depression; self-harm; low self-esteem; grief; and many others. I often use expressive arts and sandtray therapy to assist clients in further exploring difficult topics. I currently have a small bit of availability and also have a waitlist if my availability does not meet your needs.
My name is Heather Wheeler and I provide counseling for clients ages 12 to 100! I work with clients who have experienced or are experiencing trauma, such as sexual abuse or family violence; anxiety; depression; self-harm; low self-esteem; grief; and many others. I often use expressive arts and sandtray therapy to assist clients in further exploring difficult topics. I currently have a small bit of availability and also have a waitlist if my availability does not meet your needs.
(541) 248-6113 View (541) 248-6113
Photo of Caitlin Gibb, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver, OR
Caitlin Gibb
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97202
In my work, I draw from interpersonal neurobiology, Buddhist psychology, internal family systems, psychodynamic and attachment theory, among others.
My approach to therapy is relational, collaborative, and in-depth. Together, we will cultivate kindness and curiosity for your experiences, thoughts, and emotions. Self-exploration and honest feedback with an attuned listener can strengthen our capacity to be in fulfilling, authentic relationship with ourself and others. As you are ready, we can explore new narratives & develop practices that alleviate anxiety and depression, creating more space for acceptance, ease and joy.
In my work, I draw from interpersonal neurobiology, Buddhist psychology, internal family systems, psychodynamic and attachment theory, among others.
My approach to therapy is relational, collaborative, and in-depth. Together, we will cultivate kindness and curiosity for your experiences, thoughts, and emotions. Self-exploration and honest feedback with an attuned listener can strengthen our capacity to be in fulfilling, authentic relationship with ourself and others. As you are ready, we can explore new narratives & develop practices that alleviate anxiety and depression, creating more space for acceptance, ease and joy.
(971) 257-6707 View (971) 257-6707
Photo of Jazmin Hamilton Demler, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver, OR
Jazmin Hamilton Demler
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97403  (Online Only)
I practice therapy using Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Internal Family Systems (IFS).
I view all people within the context of their relationships, past and present. I believe that everyone is doing the best that they can with the tools they have, and that our personal attachment histories can so often make us rigid and afraid, preventing us from making the changes that would greatly benefit our own and our loved ones’ lives. Before people begin to change, I believe they need to feel emotionally safe, heard, and validated — from that place, I see clients begin to feel open to experimenting with new ways of being in relationship with themselves and with others.
I practice therapy using Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Internal Family Systems (IFS).
I view all people within the context of their relationships, past and present. I believe that everyone is doing the best that they can with the tools they have, and that our personal attachment histories can so often make us rigid and afraid, preventing us from making the changes that would greatly benefit our own and our loved ones’ lives. Before people begin to change, I believe they need to feel emotionally safe, heard, and validated — from that place, I see clients begin to feel open to experimenting with new ways of being in relationship with themselves and with others.
(541) 615-7093 View (541) 615-7093
Photo of Sonali Patel, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver, OR
Sonali Patel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CADC1
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97239
As a family therapist, I believe that each family, couple and individual has the ability to heal using their own internal strengths. My focus is on restoring balance and building communication within families as they are integral in increasing the overall well-being of individuals, couples and families. I identify symptoms such as marital discord, addiction, behavioral issues among children and adolescents, mental and medical health issues as becoming an unhelpful part of the family system. My approach to reduce the impact of these symptoms and break harmful patterns is collaborative, encouraging members to be open and honest throughout the progression of therapy.
As a family therapist, I believe that each family, couple and individual has the ability to heal using their own internal strengths. My focus is on restoring balance and building communication within families as they are integral in increasing the overall well-being of individuals, couples and families. I identify symptoms such as marital discord, addiction, behavioral issues among children and adolescents, mental and medical health issues as becoming an unhelpful part of the family system. My approach to reduce the impact of these symptoms and break harmful patterns is collaborative, encouraging members to be open and honest throughout the progression of therapy.
(503) 894-5612 View (503) 894-5612
Photo of Kathy Ruberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver, OR
Kathy Ruberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97215
I work from a family system orientation and utilize some cognitive behavioral techniques that address negative beliefs that interfere in lives.
Looking to make changes can be challenging! I believe we all have the capacity to change in a safe and helpful space. My passion is assisting individuals in making changes that work for them. I have over 30 years of experience challenging myself in learning with every person I meet, continuing education and implementing what works for each individual. I employ a non-judgmental approach with support and encouragement along the way. If this sounds like something you are looking for, you can contact me and consult about an appointment,
I work from a family system orientation and utilize some cognitive behavioral techniques that address negative beliefs that interfere in lives.
Looking to make changes can be challenging! I believe we all have the capacity to change in a safe and helpful space. My passion is assisting individuals in making changes that work for them. I have over 30 years of experience challenging myself in learning with every person I meet, continuing education and implementing what works for each individual. I employ a non-judgmental approach with support and encouragement along the way. If this sounds like something you are looking for, you can contact me and consult about an appointment,
(503) 486-4225 View (503) 486-4225
Photo of Keyonna S McCulloch, Clinical Social Work Associate in Culver, OR
Keyonna S McCulloch
Clinical Social Work Associate, CWSA, MSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Eugene, OR 97405
My specialties include working with children & youth with behavioral issues, as well as working with those experiencing depression and anxiety, trauma, family conflict and parenting issues.
My passion comes from helping people grow internally as well as external. I believe in meeting people where they are and equipping them with the tools they need to connect with insight and peace. I strive to create a space that feels safe where this work can be done. I believe that each one of us has the capacity to heal and experience health and wholeness. I enjoy working with people from diverse backgrounds especially those looking to use faith integration in practice. I also enjoy working with individuals who are struggling with depression and anxiety in particular kids and youth. I utilize a strengths-based approach in practice.
My specialties include working with children & youth with behavioral issues, as well as working with those experiencing depression and anxiety, trauma, family conflict and parenting issues.
My passion comes from helping people grow internally as well as external. I believe in meeting people where they are and equipping them with the tools they need to connect with insight and peace. I strive to create a space that feels safe where this work can be done. I believe that each one of us has the capacity to heal and experience health and wholeness. I enjoy working with people from diverse backgrounds especially those looking to use faith integration in practice. I also enjoy working with individuals who are struggling with depression and anxiety in particular kids and youth. I utilize a strengths-based approach in practice.
(458) 224-1860 View (458) 224-1860
Photo of Audrey McReynolds, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Culver, OR
Audrey McReynolds
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Tigard, OR 97223
I bring significant life experience along with comprehensive education and specialized training in couples, family, individual, and child counseling.
Life is stressful often in ways we do not expect. Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or disconnected is common and can negatively impact our well-being and relationships. Sometimes we get stuck in unhealthy cycles of interaction or ways of coping. Other times, life transitions or changes seem daunting. Or maybe you are just longing to feel connected and be known. Whatever you are going through, know you're not alone and there is hope! People may get hurt through relationships, but they also can heal through them. We are meant for connection, change, and growth.
I bring significant life experience along with comprehensive education and specialized training in couples, family, individual, and child counseling.
Life is stressful often in ways we do not expect. Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or disconnected is common and can negatively impact our well-being and relationships. Sometimes we get stuck in unhealthy cycles of interaction or ways of coping. Other times, life transitions or changes seem daunting. Or maybe you are just longing to feel connected and be known. Whatever you are going through, know you're not alone and there is hope! People may get hurt through relationships, but they also can heal through them. We are meant for connection, change, and growth.
(503) 386-0672 View (503) 386-0672
Photo of Yael Kievsky, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver, OR
Yael Kievsky
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97213  (Online Only)
If you're seeking an empowering and transformative experience of therapy, I'd love to support you. I have built my practice to focus on all things relationships: I work especially well with relational trauma, breaches of trust, repairing severed relationships, communication, non-normative relationships, as well as family & reproductive support. I am approachable and bring a solid, vigorous presence to our encounters - you will not feel adrift in our sessions. My style is engaged, directive, and sometimes humorous, and always tender and reverent of all of who you are.
If you're seeking an empowering and transformative experience of therapy, I'd love to support you. I have built my practice to focus on all things relationships: I work especially well with relational trauma, breaches of trust, repairing severed relationships, communication, non-normative relationships, as well as family & reproductive support. I am approachable and bring a solid, vigorous presence to our encounters - you will not feel adrift in our sessions. My style is engaged, directive, and sometimes humorous, and always tender and reverent of all of who you are.
(503) 386-9263 View (503) 386-9263
Photo of Kelsey Pederson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver, OR
Kelsey Pederson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97239
Welcome, I am here to support you in your journey towards healing, growth, and wholehearted living. I work collaboratively with youth, adults, and families to help them identify their obstacles, strengths, support systems, and goals. This can be anywhere from depression, anxiety, trauma, self worth, career and life transitions, to family, parenting, and relational challenges. I am passionate about building relationships with people and supporting them in discovering their identity, building healthy relationships, and expanding their life skills.
Welcome, I am here to support you in your journey towards healing, growth, and wholehearted living. I work collaboratively with youth, adults, and families to help them identify their obstacles, strengths, support systems, and goals. This can be anywhere from depression, anxiety, trauma, self worth, career and life transitions, to family, parenting, and relational challenges. I am passionate about building relationships with people and supporting them in discovering their identity, building healthy relationships, and expanding their life skills.
(209) 583-9161 View (209) 583-9161
Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.