Depression Therapists in Nederland, CO

Photo of Andrea Begin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nederland, CO
Andrea Begin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Nederland, CO 80466
Counseling is a journey and admitting that you need help is one of the hardest and most rewarding things you will do. This is an active journey that we will take together. Often we feel that activity and movement will help us to feel better, but underneath that unrest is a range of psychological processes such as depression, overwhelming stress, perfectionism, and anxiety. Choosing to ignore your issues tends to make life more difficult and places a strain on your relationships. Through our counseling relationship we will create goals, set the pace and find your path of healing.
Counseling is a journey and admitting that you need help is one of the hardest and most rewarding things you will do. This is an active journey that we will take together. Often we feel that activity and movement will help us to feel better, but underneath that unrest is a range of psychological processes such as depression, overwhelming stress, perfectionism, and anxiety. Choosing to ignore your issues tends to make life more difficult and places a strain on your relationships. Through our counseling relationship we will create goals, set the pace and find your path of healing.
(720) 943-8153 View (720) 943-8153
Photo of Camilla Henriette Ferdinandsen Dye, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nederland, CO
Camilla Henriette Ferdinandsen Dye
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nederland, CO 80466  (Online Only)
Have you ever experienced depression, anxiety, loneliness, or insurmountable life challenges? These are issues that most people face at some point in their lives. Often we can overcome these life challenges ourselves by making small adjustments in the way we live. However, some challenges get too big and entangled and we need to seek professional help. If you are in that place in your life right now, I believe I can help you. I provide tools and guidance in a caring, non-judgmental, honest, and safe environment for you to explore the challenges you are facing.
Have you ever experienced depression, anxiety, loneliness, or insurmountable life challenges? These are issues that most people face at some point in their lives. Often we can overcome these life challenges ourselves by making small adjustments in the way we live. However, some challenges get too big and entangled and we need to seek professional help. If you are in that place in your life right now, I believe I can help you. I provide tools and guidance in a caring, non-judgmental, honest, and safe environment for you to explore the challenges you are facing.
(720) 862-3455 View (720) 862-3455
Photo of Zoe Katherine Lewis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nederland, CO
Zoe Katherine Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nederland, CO 80466
I work with clients who want to stop feeling controlled by symptoms of anxiety, trauma, and depression. I have worked with survivors of multiple traumas including sexual assault, child abuse, interpersonal violence, war trauma, and torture. I also work with postpartum women who want to feel like themselves again. I help men and women recognize and heal from the effects of limiting cultural ideas about who they should be based on their gender. I help people heal from chronic pain using cutting edge therapy techniques, and I often incorporate walking sessions into therapy to deepen integration of what is discussed during session.
I work with clients who want to stop feeling controlled by symptoms of anxiety, trauma, and depression. I have worked with survivors of multiple traumas including sexual assault, child abuse, interpersonal violence, war trauma, and torture. I also work with postpartum women who want to feel like themselves again. I help men and women recognize and heal from the effects of limiting cultural ideas about who they should be based on their gender. I help people heal from chronic pain using cutting edge therapy techniques, and I often incorporate walking sessions into therapy to deepen integration of what is discussed during session.
(720) 664-9384 View (720) 664-9384
Photo of Jyoti Sharma, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nederland, CO
Jyoti Sharma
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nederland, CO 80466
Schedule now through my website in my bio! You should be SO proud of yourself for taking steps towards change in your life! You may be here because you're exhausted from doing it all on your own. Maybe you feel life transitions and changes are causing overwhelming symptoms of depression and anxiety? Are you seeking a professional to help you with integrating radical healing and medicines, in a safe manner? You need a space for you to honor and process the experiences that have made you into the person you are today. Let me help you navigate the changes to come and the behaviors that no longer serve your genuine self.
Schedule now through my website in my bio! You should be SO proud of yourself for taking steps towards change in your life! You may be here because you're exhausted from doing it all on your own. Maybe you feel life transitions and changes are causing overwhelming symptoms of depression and anxiety? Are you seeking a professional to help you with integrating radical healing and medicines, in a safe manner? You need a space for you to honor and process the experiences that have made you into the person you are today. Let me help you navigate the changes to come and the behaviors that no longer serve your genuine self.
(303) 732-8946 View (303) 732-8946
Photo of Max Woodfin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nederland, CO
Max Woodfin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Nederland, CO 80466
For years I have worked with clients who are moving through major life transitions and grief, or working with depression, anxiety, or psychological trauma. When we suffer from distress, I believe we are simply "forgetting" our natural wisdom and the fundamental health that lies beneath our outward problems. Underlying my work is a essential belief that our soul is on a journey in this human body, and we are here to learn deep lessons and celebrate the gift of being human - this implies my optimistic view of human psychological distress.
For years I have worked with clients who are moving through major life transitions and grief, or working with depression, anxiety, or psychological trauma. When we suffer from distress, I believe we are simply "forgetting" our natural wisdom and the fundamental health that lies beneath our outward problems. Underlying my work is a essential belief that our soul is on a journey in this human body, and we are here to learn deep lessons and celebrate the gift of being human - this implies my optimistic view of human psychological distress.
(720) 605-4205 View (720) 605-4205
Photo of Dr. Kenneth McDonald Psyd in Nederland, CO
Dr. Kenneth McDonald Psyd
Verified Verified
Nederland, CO 80466
I'm experienced in working with a wide variety of issues, including sexual and substance addictions, depression, anxiety, substance abuse, sexuality, relationship and intimacy problems.
A lot of us have a hard time asking for help. Fear, shame, or needing to be self-sufficient are feelings that can get in the way of recognizing when we need help--and reaching out and asking for it. My approach to therapy creates a safe place where sensitive, painful or scary feelings can be openly explored without judgment. We form a partnership to figure out what is going on and how to move forward. I'm actively engaged in our work--it's a partnership, after all--to help you overcome problem behaviors and develop better ways of coping. I am a Clinician with over 10 years experience in Colorado and California.
I'm experienced in working with a wide variety of issues, including sexual and substance addictions, depression, anxiety, substance abuse, sexuality, relationship and intimacy problems.
A lot of us have a hard time asking for help. Fear, shame, or needing to be self-sufficient are feelings that can get in the way of recognizing when we need help--and reaching out and asking for it. My approach to therapy creates a safe place where sensitive, painful or scary feelings can be openly explored without judgment. We form a partnership to figure out what is going on and how to move forward. I'm actively engaged in our work--it's a partnership, after all--to help you overcome problem behaviors and develop better ways of coping. I am a Clinician with over 10 years experience in Colorado and California.
(970) 394-3617 View (970) 394-3617
Photo of Robbie E Watterson, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate in Nederland, CO
Robbie E Watterson
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, MPH, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nederland, CO 80466
Are you going through a challenging transition including a change in career, a breakup/divorce or a chronic health issue? It can feel as if life is collapsing in on you. The amount of depression and anxiety that amplifies can feel overwhelming. Walking THROUGH this journey is essential and I am here to guide you along your sacred journey using rituals and heartfelt connection. Maybe you need more personal attention outside of couples therapy or you need to address the conflictual areas in your relationship. If you are seeking love, connection, and purpose, you are in the right place.
Are you going through a challenging transition including a change in career, a breakup/divorce or a chronic health issue? It can feel as if life is collapsing in on you. The amount of depression and anxiety that amplifies can feel overwhelming. Walking THROUGH this journey is essential and I am here to guide you along your sacred journey using rituals and heartfelt connection. Maybe you need more personal attention outside of couples therapy or you need to address the conflictual areas in your relationship. If you are seeking love, connection, and purpose, you are in the right place.
(720) 666-6750 View (720) 666-6750
Photo of Rhiannon Fink-Psychotherapy & Addiction Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nederland, CO
Rhiannon Fink-Psychotherapy & Addiction Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LAC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nederland, CO 80466
Looking around at your life wondering how things got so out of alignment? Feeling anxious, depressed, or stuck in old patterns? Or maybe, as one of my clients puts it, you’d really like to “unfuck your life” but aren’t sure if that’s even possible? You aren’t alone, and I’m optimistic about your ability to forge a new path, because the act of seeking help is a sign of your strength, wisdom, and capacity to heal. I’m specialized in helping those whose lives have been touched by substance abuse—either their own or that of a family member—and worked in addiction treatment at every level of care prior to going into private practice.
Looking around at your life wondering how things got so out of alignment? Feeling anxious, depressed, or stuck in old patterns? Or maybe, as one of my clients puts it, you’d really like to “unfuck your life” but aren’t sure if that’s even possible? You aren’t alone, and I’m optimistic about your ability to forge a new path, because the act of seeking help is a sign of your strength, wisdom, and capacity to heal. I’m specialized in helping those whose lives have been touched by substance abuse—either their own or that of a family member—and worked in addiction treatment at every level of care prior to going into private practice.
(719) 223-4230 View (719) 223-4230
Photo of Jaci Hull, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nederland, CO
Jaci Hull
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CHT, RLT
Verified Verified
Nederland, CO 80466
I work with teens, adults, and couples (of any orientation) specializing in a mindful, experiential and body-integrative approach. I emphasize personal and relational empowerment bringing forth the best part of yourself while solving life's dilemmas. I work with trauma, anxiety, life stage struggles, relationship issues and depression. I integrate and update the latest, effective techniques that also reflect the principles of my practice. Please see my website: www.jacihull.com for more information.
I work with teens, adults, and couples (of any orientation) specializing in a mindful, experiential and body-integrative approach. I emphasize personal and relational empowerment bringing forth the best part of yourself while solving life's dilemmas. I work with trauma, anxiety, life stage struggles, relationship issues and depression. I integrate and update the latest, effective techniques that also reflect the principles of my practice. Please see my website: www.jacihull.com for more information.
(303) 351-5557 View (303) 351-5557
Photo of Sara Lewis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nederland, CO
Sara Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nederland, CO 80466
Waitlist for new clients
Dr. Sara Lewis is Associate Professor and Chair of Contemplative Psychotherapy and Buddhist Psychology, and Faculty Co-Director for Psychedelic Studies at Naropa University.
Dr. Sara Lewis is Associate Professor and Chair of Contemplative Psychotherapy and Buddhist Psychology, and Faculty Co-Director for Psychedelic Studies at Naropa University.
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Photo of Ingrid Avison, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nederland, CO
Ingrid Avison
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nederland, CO 80466
From the outside looking in, you’ve got it “together", but it's hard to let people know the real you-even though you want to connect. Maybe you’ve had a major loss or an overwhelming event - a death, divorce, car accident, job loss, a personal violation, etc. At times it's impossible to face. Distractions used to work, but life feels out of control and you’re exhausted. Worries hijack your focus and ability to relax and even sleep. You move from being on edge to feeling numb and checked out. Life is a roller coaster and you want to feel balance. You're your own worst critic. You'd never talk to others the way you talk to yourself.
From the outside looking in, you’ve got it “together", but it's hard to let people know the real you-even though you want to connect. Maybe you’ve had a major loss or an overwhelming event - a death, divorce, car accident, job loss, a personal violation, etc. At times it's impossible to face. Distractions used to work, but life feels out of control and you’re exhausted. Worries hijack your focus and ability to relax and even sleep. You move from being on edge to feeling numb and checked out. Life is a roller coaster and you want to feel balance. You're your own worst critic. You'd never talk to others the way you talk to yourself.
(970) 972-0894 View (970) 972-0894
Photo of Barbara Gormley, Psychologist in Nederland, CO
Barbara Gormley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Nederland, CO 80466  (Online Only)
It didn’t come as a shock. Your grandmother was elderly and had been sick for some time. But the news of her death hit you like a ton of bricks. You’re not sure why it’s affecting you so much. You can’t stop crying, and it’s hard to concentrate. You’re falling behind at work, and you worry that your partner will get sick of your dark mood. You thought you'd done a lot of work on becoming more resilient and learning how to cope, but now it feels like you've lost those gains somehow. Nothing you try makes a difference, and you’re embarrassed to be struggling so much. It feels overwhelming, frustrating, and isolating.
It didn’t come as a shock. Your grandmother was elderly and had been sick for some time. But the news of her death hit you like a ton of bricks. You’re not sure why it’s affecting you so much. You can’t stop crying, and it’s hard to concentrate. You’re falling behind at work, and you worry that your partner will get sick of your dark mood. You thought you'd done a lot of work on becoming more resilient and learning how to cope, but now it feels like you've lost those gains somehow. Nothing you try makes a difference, and you’re embarrassed to be struggling so much. It feels overwhelming, frustrating, and isolating.
(720) 597-7536 View (720) 597-7536
Photo of Peg Shippert, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nederland, CO
Peg Shippert
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Nederland, CO 80466
When you or someone you love has been through horrible experiences, your whole life can be turned upside down. As an extensively trained trauma therapist, I have the education, background, and passion to help you heal. There are proven approaches we can use to help you heal from your past. My clients learn to deeply understand how past experiences have affected them, and to feel in control and at peace in the present. You don't have to figure this out by yourself.
When you or someone you love has been through horrible experiences, your whole life can be turned upside down. As an extensively trained trauma therapist, I have the education, background, and passion to help you heal. There are proven approaches we can use to help you heal from your past. My clients learn to deeply understand how past experiences have affected them, and to feel in control and at peace in the present. You don't have to figure this out by yourself.
(720) 790-4916 View (720) 790-4916

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Michael R Freedman, Psychologist in Nederland, CO
Michael R Freedman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ward, CO 80481
I am experienced at helping adults, children (including teens), and families. If you are having trouble with your feelings (anxiety, anger, depression), trouble with your relationships, or need help with your direction in life, call or email.
I am experienced at helping adults, children (including teens), and families. If you are having trouble with your feelings (anxiety, anger, depression), trouble with your relationships, or need help with your direction in life, call or email.
(720) 440-2031 View (720) 440-2031
Photo of Jay S Weinberg, Registered Psychotherapist in Nederland, CO
Jay S Weinberg
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, CAGS
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
My training and education has concentrated on cognitive behavioral interventions (ACT, CBT, REBT, DBT) and Mindfulness modalities, with a focus on anxiety, depression, parent support, work, school, marital and situational stress, and life transition challenges.
I strive to empower and enable my clients to successfully navigate life's many challenges. My approach is active, experiential and educational in nature. Rather than trying to control, eliminate or avoid painful thoughts and emotions, I work with my clients in learning new ways to relate to life's difficult and often painful experiences. Whether you are a parent, a spouse, a young adult, a business professional or senior, my goal is to help you live a rewarding and meaningful life, living authentically, and becoming the person you aspire to be. Please vist my website for more information about my work and how I might be of help.
My training and education has concentrated on cognitive behavioral interventions (ACT, CBT, REBT, DBT) and Mindfulness modalities, with a focus on anxiety, depression, parent support, work, school, marital and situational stress, and life transition challenges.
I strive to empower and enable my clients to successfully navigate life's many challenges. My approach is active, experiential and educational in nature. Rather than trying to control, eliminate or avoid painful thoughts and emotions, I work with my clients in learning new ways to relate to life's difficult and often painful experiences. Whether you are a parent, a spouse, a young adult, a business professional or senior, my goal is to help you live a rewarding and meaningful life, living authentically, and becoming the person you aspire to be. Please vist my website for more information about my work and how I might be of help.
(720) 605-6749 View (720) 605-6749
Photo of Erica Brann, LCSW, Psychotherapy, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nederland, CO
Erica Brann, LCSW, Psychotherapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
The desire to be connected to others is innate, and yet we sometimes find ourselves alone, hopeless, sad, scared, and angry. I believe that being connected to ourselves and others is part of the human experience, and recovery from symptoms that interrupt our ability to live our lives to the fullest is possible. I have over 20 years of experience working with individuals who struggle with issues related to depression, anxiety, trauma and addiction. I believe change and insight are possible, and freedom from pain and suffering is attainable.
The desire to be connected to others is innate, and yet we sometimes find ourselves alone, hopeless, sad, scared, and angry. I believe that being connected to ourselves and others is part of the human experience, and recovery from symptoms that interrupt our ability to live our lives to the fullest is possible. I have over 20 years of experience working with individuals who struggle with issues related to depression, anxiety, trauma and addiction. I believe change and insight are possible, and freedom from pain and suffering is attainable.
(720) 782-1142 View (720) 782-1142
Photo of Jamie Law, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate in Nederland, CO
Jamie Law
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
I work with depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD and family conflict in addition to dealing with the every day stresses of life.
I work with adult and teen individuals from a humanistic, somatic, mindfulness based perspective. It is my belief that the therapeutic relationship itself is a guiding force in the healing process and an essential component for clients to more deeply access themselves. In our time together, we will increase awareness around your relationship to self, relationship patterns with others, how you work to notice and process feelings, how you relate to past wounds and trauma and how you regulate through stressful times. Together we will increase your capacity to compassionately trust and come back to yourself over and over again.
I work with depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD and family conflict in addition to dealing with the every day stresses of life.
I work with adult and teen individuals from a humanistic, somatic, mindfulness based perspective. It is my belief that the therapeutic relationship itself is a guiding force in the healing process and an essential component for clients to more deeply access themselves. In our time together, we will increase awareness around your relationship to self, relationship patterns with others, how you work to notice and process feelings, how you relate to past wounds and trauma and how you regulate through stressful times. Together we will increase your capacity to compassionately trust and come back to yourself over and over again.
(720) 806-4189 View (720) 806-4189
Photo of Peter A. Maves, Psychologist in Nederland, CO
Peter A. Maves
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Jamestown, CO 80455
In addition to dissociative reactions, I also work with more severe anxiety, depression and mood disorders.
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist and have been in practice since 1982, and a graduate of the University of Colorado at Boulder. I have done a great deal of work in community mental health and hospitals: I was the Assistant Director of the emergency psychiatric service in Boulder; a Clinical Director of a mental health center; and the Clinical Director of two hospital trauma and dissociative disorders treatment programs. I am the President-Elect of The International Society for the Study of Dissociation.
In addition to dissociative reactions, I also work with more severe anxiety, depression and mood disorders.
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist and have been in practice since 1982, and a graduate of the University of Colorado at Boulder. I have done a great deal of work in community mental health and hospitals: I was the Assistant Director of the emergency psychiatric service in Boulder; a Clinical Director of a mental health center; and the Clinical Director of two hospital trauma and dissociative disorders treatment programs. I am the President-Elect of The International Society for the Study of Dissociation.
(720) 722-9299 View (720) 722-9299
Photo of Kate Thompson: Individuals, Couples and Groups, Unlicensed Psychotherapist in Nederland, CO
Kate Thompson: Individuals, Couples and Groups
Unlicensed Psychotherapist, MA, CJT, BACP
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
I have worked with many different issues including loss, identity, sexual & domestic abuse, adoption, depression, anxiety, relationships and transitions.
I work with individuals and couples offering existential therapy to help you to live more fully and find new ways to face your predicaments, paradoxes and conflicts. Together we can explore your life and relationships to discover ways in which you can live more authentically, in alignment with your values. I trained and worked in England before moving to Boulder in 2010. I have over 20 years experience as a therapist; I bring that with me as I meet each new individual or couple. I will help you describe, clarify and unravel your relationship to the world, your self and other people. We do not have to start with your childhood.
I have worked with many different issues including loss, identity, sexual & domestic abuse, adoption, depression, anxiety, relationships and transitions.
I work with individuals and couples offering existential therapy to help you to live more fully and find new ways to face your predicaments, paradoxes and conflicts. Together we can explore your life and relationships to discover ways in which you can live more authentically, in alignment with your values. I trained and worked in England before moving to Boulder in 2010. I have over 20 years experience as a therapist; I bring that with me as I meet each new individual or couple. I will help you describe, clarify and unravel your relationship to the world, your self and other people. We do not have to start with your childhood.
(303) 732-6823 View (303) 732-6823
Photo of Karen Wilding, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nederland, CO
Karen Wilding
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jamestown, CO 80455
My approach is direct, supportive and caring. I believe that effective psychotherapy is based upon mutual curiosity and genuineness in discovering how to meet life’s challenges - including family issues, anxiety, depression and other mental health issues. The path through these difficulties includes facing them with humor, gentleness and bravery. The fruition of this exploration is a greater awareness of self and an appreciation of others.
My approach is direct, supportive and caring. I believe that effective psychotherapy is based upon mutual curiosity and genuineness in discovering how to meet life’s challenges - including family issues, anxiety, depression and other mental health issues. The path through these difficulties includes facing them with humor, gentleness and bravery. The fruition of this exploration is a greater awareness of self and an appreciation of others.
(303) 502-5808 View (303) 502-5808

See more therapy options for Nederland

Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.