Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI

Photo of Theresa Bolster, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Theresa Bolster
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103  (Online Only)
Have you been feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed or stressed? Have you been struggling in your relationships or have you had one or more traumatic experiences? Whatever you're going through, I can work with you to help you achieve a more hopeful, fulfilling future. I know that reaching out for therapy can be difficult. I strive to create a safe and comfortable environment in which clients feel free to be themselves. I believe that growth and healing begins when people feel seen, accepted, and understood, and so I take the time to get to know you and understand the needs and issues for which you're seeking counseling.
Have you been feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed or stressed? Have you been struggling in your relationships or have you had one or more traumatic experiences? Whatever you're going through, I can work with you to help you achieve a more hopeful, fulfilling future. I know that reaching out for therapy can be difficult. I strive to create a safe and comfortable environment in which clients feel free to be themselves. I believe that growth and healing begins when people feel seen, accepted, and understood, and so I take the time to get to know you and understand the needs and issues for which you're seeking counseling.
(734) 294-0342 View (734) 294-0342
Photo of Julian Ho, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Julian Ho
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Not accepting new clients
I work with clients seeking support for ADHD, Anxiety, Autism, Chronic Illness/Pain, Depression, Disability, Grief/Loss, LGBTQ+, PTSD, Relationship Issues, Self Esteem, and Trauma. I am passionate about working with immigrants, BIPOC individuals, LGBTQIA2S+ community and people of all bodies and abilities. I work from a strength-based, culturally-sensitive and holistic perspective that values your unique experiences and supports you towards achieving your therapy and life goals.
I work with clients seeking support for ADHD, Anxiety, Autism, Chronic Illness/Pain, Depression, Disability, Grief/Loss, LGBTQ+, PTSD, Relationship Issues, Self Esteem, and Trauma. I am passionate about working with immigrants, BIPOC individuals, LGBTQIA2S+ community and people of all bodies and abilities. I work from a strength-based, culturally-sensitive and holistic perspective that values your unique experiences and supports you towards achieving your therapy and life goals.
(734) 821-3413 View (734) 821-3413
Photo of Sarah Talpaz, Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Sarah Talpaz
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
My clients are adults whose feelings of anxiety, stress and depression have been exacerbated by Covid isolation, separation from friends and family as well as loss of friends, colleagues and family, and palpable tension resulting from diverse world views.. If you're looking to manage anxiety, depression and stress which occasionally leads to self destructive behaviors, including emotional eating, self injurious behaviors such as self harm, you can reach out to me. I offer mindfulness practice skills, distress tolerance skills, emotion regulation skills and intrapersonal coping mechanisms.
My clients are adults whose feelings of anxiety, stress and depression have been exacerbated by Covid isolation, separation from friends and family as well as loss of friends, colleagues and family, and palpable tension resulting from diverse world views.. If you're looking to manage anxiety, depression and stress which occasionally leads to self destructive behaviors, including emotional eating, self injurious behaviors such as self harm, you can reach out to me. I offer mindfulness practice skills, distress tolerance skills, emotion regulation skills and intrapersonal coping mechanisms.
(734) 415-2161 View (734) 415-2161
Photo of Joel Perry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Joel Perry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
My approach in therapy is to be client-centered and pluralistic in methods of therapy. I place a strong emphasis on understanding the client and developing a safe therapeutic relationship that creates the space for healing therapeutic relationship. I use specific methods of therapy as needed, but the main focus is on understanding the client, and their unique history and personality. I am easy to talk to, and I also bring a strong sense of curiosity in understanding the person sitting across from me.
My approach in therapy is to be client-centered and pluralistic in methods of therapy. I place a strong emphasis on understanding the client and developing a safe therapeutic relationship that creates the space for healing therapeutic relationship. I use specific methods of therapy as needed, but the main focus is on understanding the client, and their unique history and personality. I am easy to talk to, and I also bring a strong sense of curiosity in understanding the person sitting across from me.
(734) 371-8434 View (734) 371-8434
Photo of Chelsea Spencer, Master Social Worker in Ann Arbor, MI
Chelsea Spencer
Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48108  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Chelsea! Reaching out for support requires immense courage, and I'm here to accompany you on your path towards enhanced mental health and well-being. I work with individuals that feel stuck, insecure and overwhelmed. I can help you develop more compassion, connectedness, and understanding within your relationship to yourself and others so that you can experience a deeper sense of safety, security and fulfillment.
Hi, I’m Chelsea! Reaching out for support requires immense courage, and I'm here to accompany you on your path towards enhanced mental health and well-being. I work with individuals that feel stuck, insecure and overwhelmed. I can help you develop more compassion, connectedness, and understanding within your relationship to yourself and others so that you can experience a deeper sense of safety, security and fulfillment.
(734) 838-4916 View (734) 838-4916
Photo of Kristis Cogswell-Boettcher, Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Kristis Cogswell-Boettcher
Counselor, LLPC
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104  (Online Only)
I am a graduate of the University of South Carolina and have a Master's in Clinical Psychology from the Citadel. Before I went into private practice, I spent 12 years providing services to victims of domestic and sexual violence in community based agencies.
I am a graduate of the University of South Carolina and have a Master's in Clinical Psychology from the Citadel. Before I went into private practice, I spent 12 years providing services to victims of domestic and sexual violence in community based agencies.
(734) 802-1835 View (734) 802-1835
Photo of Paige Safyer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Paige Safyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48103  (Online Only)
Wanting something different, but struggling, is part of being human. We all find ourselves repeating patterns that are unhealthy or unhelpful. I will work with you to understand how these patterns came to be and how you can create new ways of being in the world. Together, we will work to minimize stress and anxiety, find more effective ways of coping and affect the genuine change you desire.
Wanting something different, but struggling, is part of being human. We all find ourselves repeating patterns that are unhealthy or unhelpful. I will work with you to understand how these patterns came to be and how you can create new ways of being in the world. Together, we will work to minimize stress and anxiety, find more effective ways of coping and affect the genuine change you desire.
(313) 450-9914 View (313) 450-9914
Photo of Roger E Lauer, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Roger E Lauer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
My private practice is strength-based and focused extensively on neuropsychological testing and intervention. I approach my work by focusing on 'islands of competence' to improve self-esteem around learning, work and performance . I work with children, adolescents and adults who have multiple or tough-to-diagnose issues. In other words, I specialize in complex cases. My focus is on "intervention plans" that are personalized for your needs, comprehensive and effective. You will not only find out what things you need help with, but your strengths will be recognized as well. Please visit our website at www.CNLD.org.
My private practice is strength-based and focused extensively on neuropsychological testing and intervention. I approach my work by focusing on 'islands of competence' to improve self-esteem around learning, work and performance . I work with children, adolescents and adults who have multiple or tough-to-diagnose issues. In other words, I specialize in complex cases. My focus is on "intervention plans" that are personalized for your needs, comprehensive and effective. You will not only find out what things you need help with, but your strengths will be recognized as well. Please visit our website at www.CNLD.org.
(734) 994-9466 View (734) 994-9466
Photo of Toni Hughes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Toni Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW, MSSA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Hello! I wanted to use this space to share a little about my approach to therapy to see if we'd be a good fit for each other. My approach revolves around you, the client. I believe that you are the expert of your story, your experiences, your struggles, and your goals for therapy. I will meet you where you are and provide warmth, acceptance, and empathy. I enjoy building modalities and interventions based on your needs and interests and finding what works best for you. Recognizing that as this all can be a challenging and hard thing to do, I want to create a safe and validating place for you so we can tackle what needs tackling.
Hello! I wanted to use this space to share a little about my approach to therapy to see if we'd be a good fit for each other. My approach revolves around you, the client. I believe that you are the expert of your story, your experiences, your struggles, and your goals for therapy. I will meet you where you are and provide warmth, acceptance, and empathy. I enjoy building modalities and interventions based on your needs and interests and finding what works best for you. Recognizing that as this all can be a challenging and hard thing to do, I want to create a safe and validating place for you so we can tackle what needs tackling.
(734) 530-3926 View (734) 530-3926
Photo of Ali Ross, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Ali Ross
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
I offer deep, effective counseling treatment. I specialize in relationship struggles, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, complex trauma, high stress/burn out and depression. My advanced training focuses on helping clients to resolve past traumas in order to relieve current emotional distress and psychological symptoms. I focus on healing from a body / somatic experiencing standpoint. I support clients in cultivating feelings of peace, confidence and connection. This paves the way for improved relationships with both self and others. In my practice, an emphasis is placed on personal development and revitalization.
I offer deep, effective counseling treatment. I specialize in relationship struggles, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, complex trauma, high stress/burn out and depression. My advanced training focuses on helping clients to resolve past traumas in order to relieve current emotional distress and psychological symptoms. I focus on healing from a body / somatic experiencing standpoint. I support clients in cultivating feelings of peace, confidence and connection. This paves the way for improved relationships with both self and others. In my practice, an emphasis is placed on personal development and revitalization.
(734) 436-3349 View (734) 436-3349
Photo of Daniel Bingham, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Daniel Bingham
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, past traumatic experiences or memories? Do you wish you had some additional support, coping skills or life strategies? I help my clients let go of fears, establish strong boundaries, and create healthy new relationships. I assist my clients in developing more self-awareness, self-confidence and emotional connection to themselves and others. I would be happy to schedule a free phone consultation with you to determine if I would be a good fit for you and your needs.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, past traumatic experiences or memories? Do you wish you had some additional support, coping skills or life strategies? I help my clients let go of fears, establish strong boundaries, and create healthy new relationships. I assist my clients in developing more self-awareness, self-confidence and emotional connection to themselves and others. I would be happy to schedule a free phone consultation with you to determine if I would be a good fit for you and your needs.
(734) 294-6544 View (734) 294-6544
Photo of Kari N Novak, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Kari N Novak, LMSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
As a licensed master clinical social worker, I offer therapy in a non-judgmental, safe and confidential environment. I provide a space where individuals feel comfortable sharing their concerns so that we can work together to gain insight on life's stresses and struggles. I collaborate with clients to develop effective coping mechanisms, process through life experiences, and accomplish personal goals. My clinical background includes therapy with individual, couples, and families related to trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, anger management, and grief and loss concerns.
As a licensed master clinical social worker, I offer therapy in a non-judgmental, safe and confidential environment. I provide a space where individuals feel comfortable sharing their concerns so that we can work together to gain insight on life's stresses and struggles. I collaborate with clients to develop effective coping mechanisms, process through life experiences, and accomplish personal goals. My clinical background includes therapy with individual, couples, and families related to trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, anger management, and grief and loss concerns.
(810) 673-4122 View (810) 673-4122
Photo of Brianna Jackson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Brianna Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
I appreciate your willingness to be vulnerable and seek a partner in change. I welcome you as you are and will create a safe, judgement-free space for you to share your thoughts and feelings. My top priority is to empower you to reach your full potential by highlighting your own inner-strength and wisdom. I use an eclectic approach with my clients, meaning I work with you to identify which tools and skills may be most helpful based on your unique experiences and preferences.
I appreciate your willingness to be vulnerable and seek a partner in change. I welcome you as you are and will create a safe, judgement-free space for you to share your thoughts and feelings. My top priority is to empower you to reach your full potential by highlighting your own inner-strength and wisdom. I use an eclectic approach with my clients, meaning I work with you to identify which tools and skills may be most helpful based on your unique experiences and preferences.
(734) 339-2693 View (734) 339-2693
Photo of Adrianne M Camero-Sulak, PsyD, PLLC, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Adrianne M Camero-Sulak, PsyD, PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Hello Friends! Dr. Adrianne Camero-Sulak (she/her/hers) here to chat about my private practice! My office is conveniently located in downtown Ann Arbor, blocks from the University of Michigan's central campus, where I completed my pre-doctoral internship at Counseling & Psychological Services (CAPS). Thankful to return to my Blue Roots (BA in Psychology from UM, AA)! Offering both in-person and virtual tele-health appointments. Live outside of Michigan? Confirm you are in one of at least 40 states that participates with PsyPact (www.psypact.org).
Hello Friends! Dr. Adrianne Camero-Sulak (she/her/hers) here to chat about my private practice! My office is conveniently located in downtown Ann Arbor, blocks from the University of Michigan's central campus, where I completed my pre-doctoral internship at Counseling & Psychological Services (CAPS). Thankful to return to my Blue Roots (BA in Psychology from UM, AA)! Offering both in-person and virtual tele-health appointments. Live outside of Michigan? Confirm you are in one of at least 40 states that participates with PsyPact (www.psypact.org).
(734) 789-4770 View (734) 789-4770
Photo of Sarah Lynn Fraley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Sarah Lynn Fraley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Welcome! Thank you for taking the time to visit this page. Seeking therapy can be scary and anxiety provoking. Congratulations for taking the first step! I earned my Master of Social Work degree from the University of Michigan and have over 25 years of experience in the field of mental health. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your thoughts. We will work together to identify and break down barriers to where you want to be in your life.
Welcome! Thank you for taking the time to visit this page. Seeking therapy can be scary and anxiety provoking. Congratulations for taking the first step! I earned my Master of Social Work degree from the University of Michigan and have over 25 years of experience in the field of mental health. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your thoughts. We will work together to identify and break down barriers to where you want to be in your life.
(734) 215-6576 View (734) 215-6576
Photo of Rani S Dronamraju, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Rani S Dronamraju
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LMSW, CCATP
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Waitlist for new clients
Life is a journey and there are many ups and downs that confront us. The most optimal way to resolve situations is to seek the strength that is within and bring out its positive energy. I have over 25 years of experience working in the field of mental health. With simple holistic methods I offer solutions to enhance your life by helping you resolve your concerns. Whether it's your children, career, your relationships that is important to you, you will be helped to develop habits and skills to effectively deal with the challenges you may encounter in life.
Life is a journey and there are many ups and downs that confront us. The most optimal way to resolve situations is to seek the strength that is within and bring out its positive energy. I have over 25 years of experience working in the field of mental health. With simple holistic methods I offer solutions to enhance your life by helping you resolve your concerns. Whether it's your children, career, your relationships that is important to you, you will be helped to develop habits and skills to effectively deal with the challenges you may encounter in life.
(734) 823-6940 View (734) 823-6940
Photo of Christi Bemister, PsyD, PLLC, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Christi Bemister, PsyD, PLLC
Psychologist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104  (Online Only)
I invite you to a safe and compassionate space to untangle and release difficulties that interfere with your quality or functioning in life. Taking a look at hurts can help normalize and clarify confusing or negative behavior, thoughts, and emotions to integrate past experiences. Embodiment, mindfulness, and somatic experiential practices lead you to gain physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health. These practical techniques, along with education, and therapeutic processing will guide you along your path to integrated health and the resilience needed to manage the most stressful circumstances. You become your own best friend.
I invite you to a safe and compassionate space to untangle and release difficulties that interfere with your quality or functioning in life. Taking a look at hurts can help normalize and clarify confusing or negative behavior, thoughts, and emotions to integrate past experiences. Embodiment, mindfulness, and somatic experiential practices lead you to gain physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health. These practical techniques, along with education, and therapeutic processing will guide you along your path to integrated health and the resilience needed to manage the most stressful circumstances. You become your own best friend.
(734) 796-1686 View (734) 796-1686
Photo of Jimmy Vuong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Jimmy Vuong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
OPENING for new clients! I believe that therapy is a collaboration between both the client and the therapist, working together to achieve your goals. I am committed to providing diversity-affirming care while also utilizing research-supported treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). I have worked with individuals across the lifespan, and have extensive speciality in supporting college students through young adulthood in navigating the evolving life stage of emerging adulthood. I work with clients to help you learn coping strategies, identify your inner strengths, land cultivate the life you want to live.
OPENING for new clients! I believe that therapy is a collaboration between both the client and the therapist, working together to achieve your goals. I am committed to providing diversity-affirming care while also utilizing research-supported treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). I have worked with individuals across the lifespan, and have extensive speciality in supporting college students through young adulthood in navigating the evolving life stage of emerging adulthood. I work with clients to help you learn coping strategies, identify your inner strengths, land cultivate the life you want to live.
(734) 789-4866 View (734) 789-4866
Photo of Kaitlyn Moore, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Kaitlyn Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104  (Online Only)
Currently have daytime, virtual appts available. Worrying is exhausting, even frightening. What if things don't go as planned? What if the worst happens? Will I be prepared? What if people judge me? Your mind races and your body reacts. Sleepless nights, racing heartbeat, clenched jaw. You feel the urge to plan out every possible scenario or you feel the need to run away from it all. It becomes difficult to make decisions and you find yourself avoiding or distracting from these feelings. And then, they come back and start all over again. It is uncomfortable and not how you want to live.
Currently have daytime, virtual appts available. Worrying is exhausting, even frightening. What if things don't go as planned? What if the worst happens? Will I be prepared? What if people judge me? Your mind races and your body reacts. Sleepless nights, racing heartbeat, clenched jaw. You feel the urge to plan out every possible scenario or you feel the need to run away from it all. It becomes difficult to make decisions and you find yourself avoiding or distracting from these feelings. And then, they come back and start all over again. It is uncomfortable and not how you want to live.
(734) 892-1443 View (734) 892-1443
Photo of Ashley Vaduva, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Ashley Vaduva
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104  (Online Only)
I feel so honored to be part of someone's journey. I can help with anxiety, prenatal & postpartum mood disorders, grief, and spiritual disillusionment.
I feel so honored to be part of someone's journey. I can help with anxiety, prenatal & postpartum mood disorders, grief, and spiritual disillusionment.
View

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% BlueCross and BlueShield
55% Blue Care Network
48% Aetna

How Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ann Arbor?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.