Therapists in 33948

Photo of Marissa Siegel, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Marissa Siegel
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
As a licensed mental health counselor, I aim to empower people through a dynamic blend of person-centered therapy and innovative play therapy techniques! I’m passionate about creating a vibrant, collaborative space where my clients can take the control of their own growth and healing journey. Together, we dive deep into thoughts, feelings, and experiences, all while fostering a safe and non-judgmental environment. I’m committed to delivering personalized and evidence-based therapy that equips my clients with practical skills and strategies to tackle life’s challenges with confidence and resilience.
As a licensed mental health counselor, I aim to empower people through a dynamic blend of person-centered therapy and innovative play therapy techniques! I’m passionate about creating a vibrant, collaborative space where my clients can take the control of their own growth and healing journey. Together, we dive deep into thoughts, feelings, and experiences, all while fostering a safe and non-judgmental environment. I’m committed to delivering personalized and evidence-based therapy that equips my clients with practical skills and strategies to tackle life’s challenges with confidence and resilience.
(941) 213-5472 View (941) 213-5472
Photo of Heather Proctor, Counselor, LMHC
Heather Proctor
Counselor, LMHC
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Welcome! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor providing individual and couples therapy. Couples can run into some uncharted areas of their lives that can be a real hurdle to overcome. Best that we first meet individually to gain the unique perspective that each of you have in the relationship. You recognize that issues need to be addressed so take that time individually to speak your mind about what you feel is happening in the relationship. Then you as a couple can work together towards achieving a more satisfying relationship for both of you.
Welcome! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor providing individual and couples therapy. Couples can run into some uncharted areas of their lives that can be a real hurdle to overcome. Best that we first meet individually to gain the unique perspective that each of you have in the relationship. You recognize that issues need to be addressed so take that time individually to speak your mind about what you feel is happening in the relationship. Then you as a couple can work together towards achieving a more satisfying relationship for both of you.
(941) 866-6478 View (941) 866-6478
Photo of Jeanne Trifone - Dr Jeanne Trifone -Challenges of Life Counseling , Psychologist
I have enjoyed 29 years of helping others as a clinical psychologist. My mission is to provide high quality care to empower you to more effectively meet your life's challenges and to improve the quality of your relationships. We will work together to identify your specific therapy goals, comfort level for change, and need for session frequency. Ideally you will find my role to be a meaningful support to you during a difficult period. My office is a comfortable environment located at BMO Harris Premier Office Plaza - Suite 304. If you prefer, we can use Telehealth to meet virtually from your home or office.
I have enjoyed 29 years of helping others as a clinical psychologist. My mission is to provide high quality care to empower you to more effectively meet your life's challenges and to improve the quality of your relationships. We will work together to identify your specific therapy goals, comfort level for change, and need for session frequency. Ideally you will find my role to be a meaningful support to you during a difficult period. My office is a comfortable environment located at BMO Harris Premier Office Plaza - Suite 304. If you prefer, we can use Telehealth to meet virtually from your home or office.
(941) 740-2140 View (941) 740-2140
Photo of Daisy Torres, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Daisy Torres
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Accepting new clients! With 22 years of experience working with families, my primary goal is to help others reach their fullest potential. I utilize various treatment modalities to meet the client's needs. I use creative approaches to help clients recognize destructive thought patterns that negatively influence behavior. I assist clients in identifying their personal therapeutic goals to create a path toward optimal health, inner peace, and feeling content. It is my privilege to be of assistance to you.
Accepting new clients! With 22 years of experience working with families, my primary goal is to help others reach their fullest potential. I utilize various treatment modalities to meet the client's needs. I use creative approaches to help clients recognize destructive thought patterns that negatively influence behavior. I assist clients in identifying their personal therapeutic goals to create a path toward optimal health, inner peace, and feeling content. It is my privilege to be of assistance to you.
(941) 352-8072 View (941) 352-8072
Photo of Jennifer Ouellet, Counselor, MA, LMHC, CAP, QS
Jennifer Ouellet
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CAP, QS
1 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Do you want to improve how you're feeling? Or feel more optimistic about the future and what you are capable of? Understand how stress and trauma affects your body on a daily and long-term basis and begin the healing process? I have experience in these areas. My goal and passion are to be the best healer possible in any realm I serve in while meeting you where you are at to begin the growth and healing process. I bring over 25 years of service working with substance use disorders and over 15 years providing behavioral health services, I provide counseling to children, adolescents, and adults.
Do you want to improve how you're feeling? Or feel more optimistic about the future and what you are capable of? Understand how stress and trauma affects your body on a daily and long-term basis and begin the healing process? I have experience in these areas. My goal and passion are to be the best healer possible in any realm I serve in while meeting you where you are at to begin the growth and healing process. I bring over 25 years of service working with substance use disorders and over 15 years providing behavioral health services, I provide counseling to children, adolescents, and adults.
(941) 336-5813 View (941) 336-5813
Deborah Jean Leahy
Counselor, RN, MA, LMHC
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
As a registered nurse and mental health counselor, I have a passion for helping hurting people. I believe in the triadic healing of body mind and spirit, and enjoy working with clients who are experiencing relationship challenges, spiritual struggles and emotional pain. I hold a Christian worldview, and therefore do not believe in judging others.
As a registered nurse and mental health counselor, I have a passion for helping hurting people. I believe in the triadic healing of body mind and spirit, and enjoy working with clients who are experiencing relationship challenges, spiritual struggles and emotional pain. I hold a Christian worldview, and therefore do not believe in judging others.
(941) 740-8829 View (941) 740-8829
Photo of Kerri Anne Morano, Counselor, LMHC
Kerri Anne Morano
Counselor, LMHC
2 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
How would you describe your relationship with yourself? Whether it is because of painful and difficult moments or relationships, behaviors that feel like they are out of your control, traumas that you've experienced, over time you have probably recorded some tapes that you play in your head that keep you feeling stuck. I believe that every person has the ability to change these tapes and improve their relationships with themselves. My goal is to be a compassionate and collaborative resource to improve that relationship with yourself, create an awareness of your strengths, and help you develop the skills needed to fulfill your goals.
How would you describe your relationship with yourself? Whether it is because of painful and difficult moments or relationships, behaviors that feel like they are out of your control, traumas that you've experienced, over time you have probably recorded some tapes that you play in your head that keep you feeling stuck. I believe that every person has the ability to change these tapes and improve their relationships with themselves. My goal is to be a compassionate and collaborative resource to improve that relationship with yourself, create an awareness of your strengths, and help you develop the skills needed to fulfill your goals.
(727) 344-9369 View (727) 344-9369
Photo of Christina J Lerch, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC, EMDR
Christina J Lerch
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC, EMDR
1 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Sad? Stressed? Overwhelmed? Relationship conflicts? Life not going the way you planned? Feeling hopeless? Feeling alone? No one understands? I believe that most of our struggles start with our wounds. We are all wounded. We will walk down the path to recovery together. We will focus on your strengths, not your failures. A compassionate ear without judgment is what you can expect. An understanding environment is what you will experience. I offer a variety of modalities with an eclectic and individualized approach. No two therapy sessions are exactly alike.
Sad? Stressed? Overwhelmed? Relationship conflicts? Life not going the way you planned? Feeling hopeless? Feeling alone? No one understands? I believe that most of our struggles start with our wounds. We are all wounded. We will walk down the path to recovery together. We will focus on your strengths, not your failures. A compassionate ear without judgment is what you can expect. An understanding environment is what you will experience. I offer a variety of modalities with an eclectic and individualized approach. No two therapy sessions are exactly alike.
(941) 770-3266 View (941) 770-3266
Photo of Michael Petrosky, EdD, PhD, LMHC
Michael Petrosky
Verified Verified
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
In our work together, I use a combination of therapeutic approaches, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), tailored to your needs. I focus on building resilience, improving mental health, and fostering meaningful change. I work with individuals managing anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, mood disorders, family conflict, and impulse control. I help clients develop coping skills, manage stress, build self-esteem, and navigate relationship issues, OCD, psychosis, and thinking disorders for lasting positive change.
In our work together, I use a combination of therapeutic approaches, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), tailored to your needs. I focus on building resilience, improving mental health, and fostering meaningful change. I work with individuals managing anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, mood disorders, family conflict, and impulse control. I help clients develop coping skills, manage stress, build self-esteem, and navigate relationship issues, OCD, psychosis, and thinking disorders for lasting positive change.
(941) 283-7618 View (941) 283-7618
Photo of Myro Cox, Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Myro Cox
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
3 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Invest in your mental wellness today! Start the journey of understanding yourself, your behaviors and find YOUR healing in a therapy tailored specifically to YOU. Working on the relationship with yourself is the best investment. Our specialized clinicians can help you gain insight, awareness while providing you the necessary tools to help you be the best version of yourself. You will have support and validation while you find healing from your past. Through years of experience and evidence-based modalities, we help clients learn to set boundaries, learn healthy communication skills and how to assert yourself in everyday life.
Invest in your mental wellness today! Start the journey of understanding yourself, your behaviors and find YOUR healing in a therapy tailored specifically to YOU. Working on the relationship with yourself is the best investment. Our specialized clinicians can help you gain insight, awareness while providing you the necessary tools to help you be the best version of yourself. You will have support and validation while you find healing from your past. Through years of experience and evidence-based modalities, we help clients learn to set boundaries, learn healthy communication skills and how to assert yourself in everyday life.
(941) 662-4826 View (941) 662-4826
Photo of Nicholas Landry, Counselor, LMHC
Nicholas Landry
Counselor, LMHC
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Nicholas Landry, owner and clinical director of Landry Therapy and Wellness, is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with expertise in addiction, anxiety, depression, and trauma. With over 15 years of experience, Nicholas has successfully helped individuals and families work through issues of grief and loss, managing daily life stressors, and assisting those who suffered from physical, emotional, or sexual trauma. Nicholas has been working closely with the Veterans Affairs helping Veterans who have developed combat-related traumas as well as works with first responders in and out of active duty.
Nicholas Landry, owner and clinical director of Landry Therapy and Wellness, is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with expertise in addiction, anxiety, depression, and trauma. With over 15 years of experience, Nicholas has successfully helped individuals and families work through issues of grief and loss, managing daily life stressors, and assisting those who suffered from physical, emotional, or sexual trauma. Nicholas has been working closely with the Veterans Affairs helping Veterans who have developed combat-related traumas as well as works with first responders in and out of active duty.
(754) 704-5117 View (754) 704-5117
Photo of Meredith Wilber, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Meredith Wilber
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor offering Individual, Family, and Couples Counseling. As a mental health provider, I am dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey toward emotional well-being.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor offering Individual, Family, and Couples Counseling. As a mental health provider, I am dedicated to supporting individuals on their journey toward emotional well-being.
(941) 841-0681 View (941) 841-0681
Photo of Rebekkah Schwartz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rebekkah Schwartz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Life's stressors and challenging experiences can often leave us feeling off-balance. I am passionate about helping people find their grounding and regain their sense of stability. My primary focus is to create a safe, supportive environment where healing can take place. Whether you're dealing with everyday stressors or grappling with deeper issues, I am here to support you through your healing process.
Life's stressors and challenging experiences can often leave us feeling off-balance. I am passionate about helping people find their grounding and regain their sense of stability. My primary focus is to create a safe, supportive environment where healing can take place. Whether you're dealing with everyday stressors or grappling with deeper issues, I am here to support you through your healing process.
(941) 541-8990 View (941) 541-8990
Photo of Vicki Glabb Dandelion Behavioral Health, Counselor, MA, NCC, LMHC
Vicki Glabb Dandelion Behavioral Health
Counselor, MA, NCC, LMHC
Online Only
Now providing virtual EMDR! Vicki is particularly passionate about helping individuals, especially women reclaim their identity & strength after trauma. Many of her clients come to her seeking help with unresolved childhood trauma, relationship struggles, or difficulties navigating abusive or narcissistic dynamics. Vicki provides a non-judgmental, compassionate space where clients are heard, supported, and empowered to walk away from toxic relationships. She helps individuals understand their worth, set healthy boundaries, and discover what a healthy relationship should look like; whether it’s with parents, partners, or themselves.
Now providing virtual EMDR! Vicki is particularly passionate about helping individuals, especially women reclaim their identity & strength after trauma. Many of her clients come to her seeking help with unresolved childhood trauma, relationship struggles, or difficulties navigating abusive or narcissistic dynamics. Vicki provides a non-judgmental, compassionate space where clients are heard, supported, and empowered to walk away from toxic relationships. She helps individuals understand their worth, set healthy boundaries, and discover what a healthy relationship should look like; whether it’s with parents, partners, or themselves.
(941) 352-1515 View (941) 352-1515
Photo of Nicholas Landry - Landry Therapy and Wellness, LMHC, LCSW
Landry Therapy and Wellness
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
At Landry Therapy and Wellness, we believe in the transformative power of therapy to foster healing, resilience, and personal empowerment. Our team comprises highly trained therapists with a wealth of experience and expertise across a variety of specialties. With a deep commitment to ongoing education and professional development, we stay abreast of the latest research and therapeutic modalities to ensure that our clients receive the highest standard of care.
At Landry Therapy and Wellness, we believe in the transformative power of therapy to foster healing, resilience, and personal empowerment. Our team comprises highly trained therapists with a wealth of experience and expertise across a variety of specialties. With a deep commitment to ongoing education and professional development, we stay abreast of the latest research and therapeutic modalities to ensure that our clients receive the highest standard of care.
(941) 421-5584 View (941) 421-5584
Photo of Kristie Herr, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Kristie Herr
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Hello, I'm Kristie Herr, a compassionate advocate for mental wellness and a graduate in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Walden University. My mission is to support individuals grappling with mental health conditions and substance use, guiding them through their challenges on the path to inner peace. With a breadth of experience spanning depression, anxiety, autism, ADHD, grief, substance abuse, and personality disorders, I provide a safe space for healing and growth. I firmly believe that everyone deserves access to supportive services, and I am dedicated to making that a reality.
Hello, I'm Kristie Herr, a compassionate advocate for mental wellness and a graduate in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Walden University. My mission is to support individuals grappling with mental health conditions and substance use, guiding them through their challenges on the path to inner peace. With a breadth of experience spanning depression, anxiety, autism, ADHD, grief, substance abuse, and personality disorders, I provide a safe space for healing and growth. I firmly believe that everyone deserves access to supportive services, and I am dedicated to making that a reality.
(941) 206-2020 View (941) 206-2020
Photo of David Sparrow, Pre-Licensed Professional, RMHCI, MCAP, NCC
David Sparrow
Pre-Licensed Professional, RMHCI, MCAP, NCC
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
I enjoy assisting individuals from a holistic perspective and utilizes therapeutic approaches and modalities based on your needs under the supervision of a licensed mental health therapist. I emphasize the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Existential Therapy, Logotherapy and Person-Centered Approaches.
I enjoy assisting individuals from a holistic perspective and utilizes therapeutic approaches and modalities based on your needs under the supervision of a licensed mental health therapist. I emphasize the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Existential Therapy, Logotherapy and Person-Centered Approaches.
(941) 213-1005 View (941) 213-1005
Photo of Lauren Whitehurst, Counselor, LMHC
Lauren Whitehurst
Counselor, LMHC
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
I am a Florida Licensed Mental Health Counselor who has been in the field since 2019. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, substance abuse disorders, adjustment disorders, life transitions, primary caregivers, PTSD, and childhood trauma. I have experience working with, and alongside law enforcement officers, first responders, and veterans. My firsthand experiences co-responding within an integrated team, through CCSO's IRIS (crisis response) unit, separates me from other clinicians, as I am better able to understand and assist in working through the unique challenges that are faced on a daily basis.
I am a Florida Licensed Mental Health Counselor who has been in the field since 2019. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, substance abuse disorders, adjustment disorders, life transitions, primary caregivers, PTSD, and childhood trauma. I have experience working with, and alongside law enforcement officers, first responders, and veterans. My firsthand experiences co-responding within an integrated team, through CCSO's IRIS (crisis response) unit, separates me from other clinicians, as I am better able to understand and assist in working through the unique challenges that are faced on a daily basis.
(941) 206-0631 View (941) 206-0631
Photo of Junming Zheng, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MS, RCMHCI
Junming Zheng
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MS, RCMHCI
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Life can be challenging at times and it is unbearable to deal with the struggles alone. Everyone needs a little help sometimes. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, depression, interpersonal issues, or trauma, I would love to accompany you on this healing journey because I know what it is like to feel this way. I help my clients everyday through this healing journey by building on existing strengths, providing clarity, and instilling hope. Together we will work toward your desired future. I am passionate about working with individuals and families.
Life can be challenging at times and it is unbearable to deal with the struggles alone. Everyone needs a little help sometimes. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, depression, interpersonal issues, or trauma, I would love to accompany you on this healing journey because I know what it is like to feel this way. I help my clients everyday through this healing journey by building on existing strengths, providing clarity, and instilling hope. Together we will work toward your desired future. I am passionate about working with individuals and families.
(239) 420-7657 View (239) 420-7657
Photo of Chandrea Williams, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, RMHCI, MS
Chandrea Williams
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, RMHCI, MS
2 Endorsed
Port Charlotte, FL 33948
Are you feeling stuck in a cycle of stress, overwhelm, or burnout? Do you find yourself trapped in negative patterns, whether it’s self-doubt, anxiety, or procrastination that leave you feeling disconnected from your true self, your dreams, and your full potential? Are you frustrated with where you are in life, personally, socially, or professionally, and longing for a sense of direction and purpose? If you’re tired of feeling lost or weighed down by the pressures around you, you're not alone and you’ve come to the right place. Together, we’ll explore those challenges and empower you to create lasting change and meaningful growth.
Are you feeling stuck in a cycle of stress, overwhelm, or burnout? Do you find yourself trapped in negative patterns, whether it’s self-doubt, anxiety, or procrastination that leave you feeling disconnected from your true self, your dreams, and your full potential? Are you frustrated with where you are in life, personally, socially, or professionally, and longing for a sense of direction and purpose? If you’re tired of feeling lost or weighed down by the pressures around you, you're not alone and you’ve come to the right place. Together, we’ll explore those challenges and empower you to create lasting change and meaningful growth.
(786) 882-9067 View (786) 882-9067

See more therapy options for 33948

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 33948

40+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in 33948 who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
80% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
73% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
71% Stress
69% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% Aetna
77% Cigna and Evernorth
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 33948 see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 33948?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.