Photo of James L Fosshage, PhD, Psychologist
James L Fosshage
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10108
Individual, group, couple and family psychotherapy with adults covering the entire range of human issues, including anxiety, depression, shame, relationship and sexual problems, trauma, addictions, etc.
I believe that each of us is endowed with a fundamental striving to grow. However, in life's journey we encounter both joy and sorrow. What is important is how we negotiate these experiences. If you are feeling undermined from negative attitudes or facing difficult challenges, help is available through a safe, in-depth psychoanalytic psychotherapy experience. We will explore the relational origins of harmful self-feelings and painful experiences to seek new pathways to enhance your sense of wellbeing. In psychotherapy, we will embark on an in-depth reflective adventure together to facilitate your growth to live a more meaningful and fulfilling life.
Individual, group, couple and family psychotherapy with adults covering the entire range of human issues, including anxiety, depression, shame, relationship and sexual problems, trauma, addictions, etc.
I believe that each of us is endowed with a fundamental striving to grow. However, in life's journey we encounter both joy and sorrow. What is important is how we negotiate these experiences. If you are feeling undermined from negative attitudes or facing difficult challenges, help is available through a safe, in-depth psychoanalytic psychotherapy experience. We will explore the relational origins of harmful self-feelings and painful experiences to seek new pathways to enhance your sense of wellbeing. In psychotherapy, we will embark on an in-depth reflective adventure together to facilitate your growth to live a more meaningful and fulfilling life.
(646) 490-9983 View (646) 490-9983
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.