Therapists in Protea Glen

Photo of Moosa Maseko, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Moosa Maseko
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Be it a loss of a job or a loved one, a breakdown in a romantic or work relationship, these challenges all ask for some level of adjustment to take place. These life experiences may bring feelings of stress, anxiety, depression, and so forth. In attempts to alleviate the distressing feelings, we as humans desire for a space where we can be vulnerable in expressing ourselves and our fears at the time. Our ultimate desire is to be equipped with tools and techniques which will not only alleviate our pain but also contribute to our self-growth.
Be it a loss of a job or a loved one, a breakdown in a romantic or work relationship, these challenges all ask for some level of adjustment to take place. These life experiences may bring feelings of stress, anxiety, depression, and so forth. In attempts to alleviate the distressing feelings, we as humans desire for a space where we can be vulnerable in expressing ourselves and our fears at the time. Our ultimate desire is to be equipped with tools and techniques which will not only alleviate our pain but also contribute to our self-growth.
087 250 2148 x68 View 087 250 2148 x68
Photo of Tshegofatso Gaebuelwe, Social Worker, SACSSP
Tshegofatso Gaebuelwe
Social Worker, SACSSP
Serves Area
My ideal client faces challenges like anxiety, work-life balance, or relationship issues. They need a supportive environment to explore emotions and seek effective coping strategies. Their goals include developing self-awareness, healthier coping mechanisms, and improved relationships. They desire balance and well-being in both personal and professional spheres. Motivated for change, they value a collaborative therapeutic journey, aiming for long-term personal growth. Their aspiration is to overcome hindering patterns and build a life that aligns with their deepest values and goals.
My ideal client faces challenges like anxiety, work-life balance, or relationship issues. They need a supportive environment to explore emotions and seek effective coping strategies. Their goals include developing self-awareness, healthier coping mechanisms, and improved relationships. They desire balance and well-being in both personal and professional spheres. Motivated for change, they value a collaborative therapeutic journey, aiming for long-term personal growth. Their aspiration is to overcome hindering patterns and build a life that aligns with their deepest values and goals.
087 250 0782 x78 View 087 250 0782 x78
Photo of Putuke Kekana, Psychologist, MPsych, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Putuke Kekana
Psychologist, MPsych, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I'm a Clinical Psychologist with more than 10 years in the field of Psychology. I provide psychotherapy to adolescents, adults and couples for various life stressors or mental health challenges. I’m a BrainWorking Recursive Therapy registered Advanced Practitioner(BWRT) and usually use this therapy for short-term treatment or use Psychodynamic Therapy for long term therapy. Other therapy approaches I typically use are Schema Therapy, DBT and CBT. The decision of the type of therapy is made by the client after an informed discussion of my recommendation and alternative approaches.
I'm a Clinical Psychologist with more than 10 years in the field of Psychology. I provide psychotherapy to adolescents, adults and couples for various life stressors or mental health challenges. I’m a BrainWorking Recursive Therapy registered Advanced Practitioner(BWRT) and usually use this therapy for short-term treatment or use Psychodynamic Therapy for long term therapy. Other therapy approaches I typically use are Schema Therapy, DBT and CBT. The decision of the type of therapy is made by the client after an informed discussion of my recommendation and alternative approaches.
087 250 0442 x27 View 087 250 0442 x27
Photo of Sphiwe Masondo, Psychotherapist
Sphiwe Masondo
Psychotherapist
Serves Area
Are you feeling stressed, lonely, angry, fearful or depressed? Are you struggling to achieve your goals and cope with your daily life? And, would you like to start living a fulfilling life with purpose and support? If you've answered yes to any of the above Please feel free to contact me to find out more about how I can assist you achieve your goals & improve your relationship with your partner, parents, colleagues or friends. I am a mental health practitioner & Accoucheur; I have special interest in assisting individuals and couples with: Counselling, emotional support, sexual and reproductive Wellness
Are you feeling stressed, lonely, angry, fearful or depressed? Are you struggling to achieve your goals and cope with your daily life? And, would you like to start living a fulfilling life with purpose and support? If you've answered yes to any of the above Please feel free to contact me to find out more about how I can assist you achieve your goals & improve your relationship with your partner, parents, colleagues or friends. I am a mental health practitioner & Accoucheur; I have special interest in assisting individuals and couples with: Counselling, emotional support, sexual and reproductive Wellness
087 250 0782 x50 View 087 250 0782 x50
Mukovhe Denge
Registered Counsellor
1 Endorsed
Online Only
087 250 2910 x36 View 087 250 2910 x36

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Mizáne Pieterse, MA
Mizáne Pieterse
Verified Verified
Sometimes relationships are hard and painful, but there is a way to bring restoration, connection and life back into our relationships. Whether you want to enhance your connection, recover after an affair, adjusting to life changes and challenges, learn communication skills, dealing with conflict or trying to cope and deal with relational issues - I can assist you and guide you along the journey. Sometimes relationships are hard and causes al lot of frustration, anxiety, pain and the feeling of disconnection. Ultimately we were made to enjoy healthy and flourishing relationships.
Sometimes relationships are hard and painful, but there is a way to bring restoration, connection and life back into our relationships. Whether you want to enhance your connection, recover after an affair, adjusting to life changes and challenges, learn communication skills, dealing with conflict or trying to cope and deal with relational issues - I can assist you and guide you along the journey. Sometimes relationships are hard and causes al lot of frustration, anxiety, pain and the feeling of disconnection. Ultimately we were made to enjoy healthy and flourishing relationships.
087 250 0412 x89 View 087 250 0412 x89
Photo of Joachim Fana Lance Mureriwa, Psychologist, PhD
Joachim Fana Lance Mureriwa
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
Do you have an addiction or Addictions? Starting in 2024, the priority of this practice is the assessment and treatment of addictions. There are two categories of addiction. The first is addiction to drugs, such as alcohol, dagga, others. The second is behavioral addictions, such as shopping, gambling, sex, and others. The guiding treatment philosophy is that addictions are neurological disorders and not moral failings. Treatment is in hospital or as outpatients, and compliments treatment at Rehab centers. Methods of treatment include, counselling, behavior therapy, EEG biofeedback, and collaboration with other health practitioners.
Do you have an addiction or Addictions? Starting in 2024, the priority of this practice is the assessment and treatment of addictions. There are two categories of addiction. The first is addiction to drugs, such as alcohol, dagga, others. The second is behavioral addictions, such as shopping, gambling, sex, and others. The guiding treatment philosophy is that addictions are neurological disorders and not moral failings. Treatment is in hospital or as outpatients, and compliments treatment at Rehab centers. Methods of treatment include, counselling, behavior therapy, EEG biofeedback, and collaboration with other health practitioners.
087 250 0914 x23 View 087 250 0914 x23
Photo of Faatema Dollie, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Faatema Dollie
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Parktown 2193
I am Clinical Psychologist based in Parktown that sees adults and adolescents struggling with interpersonal dynamics, depression, anxiety and emotional dysregulation. In addition, I specialise in providing parents with counselling when they are feeling overwhelmed and need some guidance.
I am Clinical Psychologist based in Parktown that sees adults and adolescents struggling with interpersonal dynamics, depression, anxiety and emotional dysregulation. In addition, I specialise in providing parents with counselling when they are feeling overwhelmed and need some guidance.
087 250 0616 x44 View 087 250 0616 x44
Photo of Meltonian Mzimba, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Meltonian Mzimba
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Randburg 2194
While I understand that life is a journey that requires fulfillment, I also understand that it is a journey filled with circumstances that may pose challenges and difficulties. Support is needed in these varied circumstances. I am a Clinical Psychologist around the Randburg area who offers support to life challenges. My approach is psychodynamic, collaborative, and inherently holistic. I also integrate other approaches suitable for every individual's needs. I work with pre-teens (8-12), teenagers, adults, and the elderly.
While I understand that life is a journey that requires fulfillment, I also understand that it is a journey filled with circumstances that may pose challenges and difficulties. Support is needed in these varied circumstances. I am a Clinical Psychologist around the Randburg area who offers support to life challenges. My approach is psychodynamic, collaborative, and inherently holistic. I also integrate other approaches suitable for every individual's needs. I work with pre-teens (8-12), teenagers, adults, and the elderly.
087 250 3069 x57 View 087 250 3069 x57
Photo of Dr. Jana Lazarus, Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Dr. Jana Lazarus
Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I help people who are stuck, in their heads or in undigested emotions, or in difficult life circumstances, relationships and families. I teach that the only person you can change is yourself, but when you do, the ripple effect is massive. Be the change you want to see, never mind what trauma has led to your anxiety, depression etc. We're all addicts: we all have devoted habits or coping mechanisms. After a while these harm us. Find another way. I use a Transpersonal approach because it's v effective. This means I remind you you are connected to something greater than yourself, however you define that - and how to employ that daily.
I help people who are stuck, in their heads or in undigested emotions, or in difficult life circumstances, relationships and families. I teach that the only person you can change is yourself, but when you do, the ripple effect is massive. Be the change you want to see, never mind what trauma has led to your anxiety, depression etc. We're all addicts: we all have devoted habits or coping mechanisms. After a while these harm us. Find another way. I use a Transpersonal approach because it's v effective. This means I remind you you are connected to something greater than yourself, however you define that - and how to employ that daily.
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Photo of Gené van der Merwe, General Counsellor
Gené van der Merwe
General Counsellor
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Life can be very challenging. We are sometimes faced with situations that are beyond our control, such as the loss of a loved one or the actions of our partners and families. We are not always in control of the experiences life gives us, but we are in control of how we deal with them. At times even our own actions or decisions cause us stress and pain. Whichever journey it is that you need to explore in order to heal and grow, remember to reach out for help. You do not have to go through it alone.
Life can be very challenging. We are sometimes faced with situations that are beyond our control, such as the loss of a loved one or the actions of our partners and families. We are not always in control of the experiences life gives us, but we are in control of how we deal with them. At times even our own actions or decisions cause us stress and pain. Whichever journey it is that you need to explore in order to heal and grow, remember to reach out for help. You do not have to go through it alone.
087 250 0513 x69 View 087 250 0513 x69
Photo of Keshnie Mathi - TWS Wellness Hub, General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, ASCHP Wellness Counsellor
TWS Wellness Hub
General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, ASCHP Wellness Counsellor
Linden 2195
As a counselor, my mission is to guide individuals who are seeking more fulfillment in life, empowering them to navigate the delicate balance between work, personal aspirations, and self-discovery. I specialize in supporting clients who feel a stirring desire for change, recognizing that they are capable of achieving more and yearning to unlock their full potential. In our sessions, we explore the unique challenges that arise from juggling the demands of daily life, families and parenthood while striving to pursue personal dreams and aspirations.
As a counselor, my mission is to guide individuals who are seeking more fulfillment in life, empowering them to navigate the delicate balance between work, personal aspirations, and self-discovery. I specialize in supporting clients who feel a stirring desire for change, recognizing that they are capable of achieving more and yearning to unlock their full potential. In our sessions, we explore the unique challenges that arise from juggling the demands of daily life, families and parenthood while striving to pursue personal dreams and aspirations.
087 250 2148 x47 View 087 250 2148 x47
Photo of Emmanuel Davel, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Emmanuel Davel
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Alberton 1449
I am a Clinical Psychologist in private practice, and have worked in a major trauma hospital and a private Psychiatric Hospital. I have extensive experience with survivors of trauma, as well as in treating anxiety and mood disorders. My focus is to equip you with healthy coping mechanisms and empower you to navigate through life’s challenges. I approach patients in a non-judgemental and collaborative manner, allowing them to reach their personal goals. I work with admitted in-patients at Akeso Clinic Alberton and Johannesburg Surgical Hospital and out patients at my practice.
I am a Clinical Psychologist in private practice, and have worked in a major trauma hospital and a private Psychiatric Hospital. I have extensive experience with survivors of trauma, as well as in treating anxiety and mood disorders. My focus is to equip you with healthy coping mechanisms and empower you to navigate through life’s challenges. I approach patients in a non-judgemental and collaborative manner, allowing them to reach their personal goals. I work with admitted in-patients at Akeso Clinic Alberton and Johannesburg Surgical Hospital and out patients at my practice.
087 250 2837 x85 View 087 250 2837 x85
Photo of Chris Glover, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Chris Glover
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Sandton 2191
Welcome, my name is Chris. I am passionate about providing a safe, affirming and empathetic space for people to process their most painful difficulties, learn more about themselves, nurture healthy relationships and live more fulfilling lives. I have a special interest in working with adults and couples struggling to process past traumas, navigate a crisis or break free of destructive patterns. However, I am honoured to work with people going through various emotional and life difficulties. I hope to develop a strong therapeutic relationship as we navigate your healing journey together.
Welcome, my name is Chris. I am passionate about providing a safe, affirming and empathetic space for people to process their most painful difficulties, learn more about themselves, nurture healthy relationships and live more fulfilling lives. I have a special interest in working with adults and couples struggling to process past traumas, navigate a crisis or break free of destructive patterns. However, I am honoured to work with people going through various emotional and life difficulties. I hope to develop a strong therapeutic relationship as we navigate your healing journey together.
087 250 2962 x35 View 087 250 2962 x35
Photo of Sean King, Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Sean King
Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
1 Endorsed
Edenvale 1609
My ideal client is ready to embark on a journey of personal growth and healing. They may be grappling with addiction, anxiety, depression, life stress, or trauma. They seek a non-judgmental space to express their feelings, practical coping strategies, and professional guidance to make meaningful changes. Their goals include overcoming addiction, reducing anxiety, improving mood, managing stress, and healing from trauma. They desire inner peace, personal growth, empowerment, and fulfilment. They recognize the value of therapy and are committed to making positive changes in their lives.
My ideal client is ready to embark on a journey of personal growth and healing. They may be grappling with addiction, anxiety, depression, life stress, or trauma. They seek a non-judgmental space to express their feelings, practical coping strategies, and professional guidance to make meaningful changes. Their goals include overcoming addiction, reducing anxiety, improving mood, managing stress, and healing from trauma. They desire inner peace, personal growth, empowerment, and fulfilment. They recognize the value of therapy and are committed to making positive changes in their lives.
087 250 0914 x97 View 087 250 0914 x97
Photo of Dr. Christel Kieser-Muller, Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Dr. Christel Kieser-Muller
Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
Trust the process of healing: a Person’s life experiences directly impact on their overall wellbeing.  When we experience trauma or severe life stressors, it is not uncommon for our lives to unravel. Often underlying emotional problems need to be addressed before a lasting improvement in a person's quality of life can take place. Christel completed her internship at 1 Military Hospital where she was exposed to various aspects of psychodynamic imbalances and trauma-spectrum manifestations within a diverse demographic and cultural client base.
Trust the process of healing: a Person’s life experiences directly impact on their overall wellbeing.  When we experience trauma or severe life stressors, it is not uncommon for our lives to unravel. Often underlying emotional problems need to be addressed before a lasting improvement in a person's quality of life can take place. Christel completed her internship at 1 Military Hospital where she was exposed to various aspects of psychodynamic imbalances and trauma-spectrum manifestations within a diverse demographic and cultural client base.
087 250 0160 x76 View 087 250 0160 x76
Photo of Malebogo Gaborone, Psychologist, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Malebogo Gaborone
Psychologist, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Parkhurst 2193
Welcome, My name is Malebogo Gaborone I am one of the associate psychologists working at emotionactivist based in Parkhurst, Johannesburg. My goal is to provide a safe space for clients to discover and understand their unique experiences. I am experienced in assisting individuals, couples and groups with daily mental challenges while taking into consideration that individuals come from diverse backgrounds
Welcome, My name is Malebogo Gaborone I am one of the associate psychologists working at emotionactivist based in Parkhurst, Johannesburg. My goal is to provide a safe space for clients to discover and understand their unique experiences. I am experienced in assisting individuals, couples and groups with daily mental challenges while taking into consideration that individuals come from diverse backgrounds
087 250 0513 x78 View 087 250 0513 x78
Insight Nexus Consulting Psychologists
Psychologist, HPCSA - Ind. Psych.
1 Endorsed
At Insight Nexus Consulting Psychologists, we support individuals facing stress, grief, career uncertainty, and workplace challenges. Life doesn’t always go as planned - and in times of change or crisis, it helps to have a grounded, compassionate space to process and regroup. We offer support for: Career uncertainty, decision-making, and transition; Stress and burnout, especially work-related; Grief, loss, and adjustment after major life changes; Trauma debriefing and crisis management; Emotional resilience and self-reflection.
At Insight Nexus Consulting Psychologists, we support individuals facing stress, grief, career uncertainty, and workplace challenges. Life doesn’t always go as planned - and in times of change or crisis, it helps to have a grounded, compassionate space to process and regroup. We offer support for: Career uncertainty, decision-making, and transition; Stress and burnout, especially work-related; Grief, loss, and adjustment after major life changes; Trauma debriefing and crisis management; Emotional resilience and self-reflection.
087 250 0062 x53 View 087 250 0062 x53
Photo of Nqobile Nokukhanya Nzimande-Modau, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Nqobile Nokukhanya Nzimande-Modau
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Sandton 2191
People come to therapy for different reasons. Many people come because of difficulties they are currently experiencing, which can include long periods of distressing feelings or thoughts, struggling to cope, relationship problems, and/ or difficulty dealing with a particularly distressing situation. Other people come to therapy simply to gain a better understanding of themselves and more fulfilment in their lives and relationships. Therapy is a unique experience and a relationship between you and a professional. It is very normal to not fully understand its nature at the outset.
People come to therapy for different reasons. Many people come because of difficulties they are currently experiencing, which can include long periods of distressing feelings or thoughts, struggling to cope, relationship problems, and/ or difficulty dealing with a particularly distressing situation. Other people come to therapy simply to gain a better understanding of themselves and more fulfilment in their lives and relationships. Therapy is a unique experience and a relationship between you and a professional. It is very normal to not fully understand its nature at the outset.
087 250 2389 x59 View 087 250 2389 x59
Photo of Marieta Knight, Social Worker
Marieta Knight
Social Worker
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a trained Symbis Couples Facilitator. Symbis is an assessment tool from America which provides couples (pre-engaged, engaged, married, entering 2nd marriages and blended families) with a 16-18 page report about their unique relationship dynamics (ie. individual red flags,how they view love,marriage mindset, expectations,personality styles,money matters,sex,and much more). Your relationship is as unique as your own fingerprint. This report provides a great foundation to start understanding your partner and your unique relationship dynamics.
I am a trained Symbis Couples Facilitator. Symbis is an assessment tool from America which provides couples (pre-engaged, engaged, married, entering 2nd marriages and blended families) with a 16-18 page report about their unique relationship dynamics (ie. individual red flags,how they view love,marriage mindset, expectations,personality styles,money matters,sex,and much more). Your relationship is as unique as your own fingerprint. This report provides a great foundation to start understanding your partner and your unique relationship dynamics.
087 250 0592 x58 View 087 250 0592 x58

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Protea Glen

< 10

Counsellors in Protea Glen who prioritize treating:

80% Relationship Issues
80% Depression
80% Anxiety
80% Bereavement
80% Trauma and PTSD
60% Substance Use
60% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

6 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Momentum
100% GEMS
100% Bonitas

How Counsellors in Protea Glen see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

60% Female
40% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Protea Glen?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Psychologists listed in the directory are registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). The majority of General Counsellors featured in the directory align themselves with reputable professional bodies, particularly the Association for Supportive Counsellors and Holistic Practitioners. All Registered Counsellors listed must be registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered with the South African Council for Social Service Professionals.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for general counsellors in South Africa, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in South Africa.

Psychologists have five years training in psychology, have completed an internship over 12 months, and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. They must be registered with Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Registered Counsellors must have at least four years of study at a university or college, such as the Bachelor of Psychology and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. General counsellors, such as Supportive Counsellors, Holistic Counsellors, and Wellness Counsellors, registered with the ASCHP must possess at least an NQF Level 4 qualification. Social Workers must possess a Bachelor of Social Work and must have completed an approved internship in the social service sector.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in South Africa could be between R600 and R1,500. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are registered with the HPCSA and professional organisations such as PsySSA or the ASCHP are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client, or as required by law, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.