Psychologists and Therapists in Bassonia

Photo of Rachel Molongoana, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Rachel Molongoana
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
I'm a psychologist based in Johannesburg south, South Africa. I have great passion for mental health and helping people "find their flourish"! I have over 10 years experience in mental health. I have worked in various contexts, including NGOs, corporate, as well as private practice. Visit findyourflourishsa.co.za or 1onlaubscher.co.za or call 076 150 3200 for more information.
I'm a psychologist based in Johannesburg south, South Africa. I have great passion for mental health and helping people "find their flourish"! I have over 10 years experience in mental health. I have worked in various contexts, including NGOs, corporate, as well as private practice. Visit findyourflourishsa.co.za or 1onlaubscher.co.za or call 076 150 3200 for more information.
076 150 3200 View 076 150 3200
Photo of Talia Kazama Santos, General Counsellor
Talia Kazama Santos
General Counsellor
Serves Area
Hi there, I’m Talia Santos, a Specialist Wellness Counsellor and Life Coach. I help teens and adults grow stronger, more confident, and resilient in their mind and body through my practice, INSYNC. I combine counselling with movement and practical life coaching, creating a safe, empowering space where clients can explore challenges, discover their strengths, and build lasting well-being.
Hi there, I’m Talia Santos, a Specialist Wellness Counsellor and Life Coach. I help teens and adults grow stronger, more confident, and resilient in their mind and body through my practice, INSYNC. I combine counselling with movement and practical life coaching, creating a safe, empowering space where clients can explore challenges, discover their strengths, and build lasting well-being.
087 250 0719 x34 View 087 250 0719 x34
Photo of Mehnaaz Mahomed Yunoos - NeuroVibe Wellness Studio (Pty) Ltd, General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor
NeuroVibe Wellness Studio (Pty) Ltd
General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, ASCHP Specialist Wellness Counsellor
Serves Area
My ideal clients are adults, adolescents, women, and parents experiencing stress, anxiety, burnout, emotional overwhelm, relationship challenges, life transitions, or trauma-related difficulties. Many feel stuck, exhausted, or disconnected from themselves and are looking for practical support and meaningful change. At Neuro Vibe Wellness Studio, we provide a compassionate, trauma-informed approach that combines counselling with nervous system-focused interventions such as HRV biofeedback, neurofeedback, and TRE. Our goal is to help clients build resilience, emotional wellbeing, and lasting personal growth.
My ideal clients are adults, adolescents, women, and parents experiencing stress, anxiety, burnout, emotional overwhelm, relationship challenges, life transitions, or trauma-related difficulties. Many feel stuck, exhausted, or disconnected from themselves and are looking for practical support and meaningful change. At Neuro Vibe Wellness Studio, we provide a compassionate, trauma-informed approach that combines counselling with nervous system-focused interventions such as HRV biofeedback, neurofeedback, and TRE. Our goal is to help clients build resilience, emotional wellbeing, and lasting personal growth.
087 250 0609 x96 View 087 250 0609 x96
Photo of Sindy Lerm - Sindy Lerm Counselling, HPCSA - Psychometrist
Sindy Lerm Counselling
Verified Verified
Serves Area
If life’s been feeling heavy or uncertain, you don’t have to face it on your own. I offer a calm, supportive space where you can talk things through, make sense of what’s happening, and find a way forward that feels lighter and more balanced. Together, we focus on practical ways to manage stress, navigate change and strengthen your emotional well-being so you can leave each session feeling heard, grounded, and ready to move forward with renewed clarity and calm. I also offer Subject Choice and Career assessments. Sessions in English or Afrikaans.
If life’s been feeling heavy or uncertain, you don’t have to face it on your own. I offer a calm, supportive space where you can talk things through, make sense of what’s happening, and find a way forward that feels lighter and more balanced. Together, we focus on practical ways to manage stress, navigate change and strengthen your emotional well-being so you can leave each session feeling heard, grounded, and ready to move forward with renewed clarity and calm. I also offer Subject Choice and Career assessments. Sessions in English or Afrikaans.
087 250 0049 x80 View 087 250 0049 x80
Photo of Debbie Jennifer Howes, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Debbie Jennifer Howes
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Serves Area
I specialise in identifying and reprocessing the underlying unconscious belief systems and emotional patterns at the core of all problems . Gain experiential insights into the nature of the origins of your repetitive cycles and patterns and make the changes on all levels.
I specialise in identifying and reprocessing the underlying unconscious belief systems and emotional patterns at the core of all problems . Gain experiential insights into the nature of the origins of your repetitive cycles and patterns and make the changes on all levels.
087 250 0162 x19 View 087 250 0162 x19
Photo of Nontsikelelo Ntsiki Rajuili - Nontsikelelo Rajuili Psychology Practice, Psychologist, MPsych, HPCSA - Ed. Psych.
Nontsikelelo Rajuili Psychology Practice
Psychologist, MPsych, HPCSA - Ed. Psych.
Serves Area
A mature and experienced Psychologist. Ntsiki speaks 9 different South African languages and she is Culturally Sensitive. She is familiar with rural and urban context.
A mature and experienced Psychologist. Ntsiki speaks 9 different South African languages and she is Culturally Sensitive. She is familiar with rural and urban context.
087 250 0442 x23 View 087 250 0442 x23

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Bronwyn Taylor, Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Bronwyn Taylor
Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Serves Area
Hi, my name is Bronwyn Taylor and my role is to make psychological services accessible to the diverse South African population and to provide psychological and preventative interventions that focus on support and promote the enhancement of well being in community contexts. Some services offered ·Brainspotting (Accredited) ·Brain Working Recursive Therapy (Accredited) ·Individual and group counselling ·Depression and anxiety management ·24/7 mobile unit ·Emergency / Acute Trauma Counselling ·Screening and containment ·School readiness and Aptitude assessments ·Anger management, stress management, impulse control· grief counselling.
Hi, my name is Bronwyn Taylor and my role is to make psychological services accessible to the diverse South African population and to provide psychological and preventative interventions that focus on support and promote the enhancement of well being in community contexts. Some services offered ·Brainspotting (Accredited) ·Brain Working Recursive Therapy (Accredited) ·Individual and group counselling ·Depression and anxiety management ·24/7 mobile unit ·Emergency / Acute Trauma Counselling ·Screening and containment ·School readiness and Aptitude assessments ·Anger management, stress management, impulse control· grief counselling.
087 250 0902 x70 View 087 250 0902 x70
Photo of Cornelia Margaretha Pieterse, Registered Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, HPCSA - Counsellor
Cornelia Margaretha Pieterse
Registered Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, HPCSA - Counsellor
1 Endorsed
Centurion 0157
My ideal client is someone who feels lost, overwhelmed, or uncertain—whether from trauma, ongoing anxiety, relationship difficulties, or a sense of disconnection from their true self's. They may struggle with self-doubt or feel stuck in patterns that no longer serve them. What they need is someone who can offer compassionate support, help them process emotions, and guide them toward greater self-understanding. Their goal is not just to manage or suppress their feelings, but to truly grow, and reconnect with their inner strengths and values. They want a life that feels more authentic, fulfilling, and aligned with their core values.
My ideal client is someone who feels lost, overwhelmed, or uncertain—whether from trauma, ongoing anxiety, relationship difficulties, or a sense of disconnection from their true self's. They may struggle with self-doubt or feel stuck in patterns that no longer serve them. What they need is someone who can offer compassionate support, help them process emotions, and guide them toward greater self-understanding. Their goal is not just to manage or suppress their feelings, but to truly grow, and reconnect with their inner strengths and values. They want a life that feels more authentic, fulfilling, and aligned with their core values.
064 525 1978 View 064 525 1978
Photo of Ian van den Berg, Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Ed. Psych.
Ian van den Berg
Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Ed. Psych.
I am an educational psychologist with a deep conviction that each person has the inherent potential to be the best they can be! I am looking forward to share your lived experiences, and to play a small part in each and every client’s growth path by addressing challenges, and barriers, by literary deconstructing these obstacles, and assisting client through co-constructing their future life narratives, solutions and outcomes! "The one thing that you have that nobody else have is you! Your voice, your mind, your story, your vision! So write and draw and build and play and dance and live only as you can!”
I am an educational psychologist with a deep conviction that each person has the inherent potential to be the best they can be! I am looking forward to share your lived experiences, and to play a small part in each and every client’s growth path by addressing challenges, and barriers, by literary deconstructing these obstacles, and assisting client through co-constructing their future life narratives, solutions and outcomes! "The one thing that you have that nobody else have is you! Your voice, your mind, your story, your vision! So write and draw and build and play and dance and live only as you can!”
087 250 0513 x40 View 087 250 0513 x40
Photo of Anisha Vittee, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Ed. Psych.
Anisha Vittee
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Ed. Psych.
Our children and their parents are in a growing state of crisis and disruption resulting in rising levels of anxiety, trauma, behavioural issues, poor academic performance and addictions. The need for psycho-social intervention, parental and teacher guidance and community outreach has reach epic proportion. Through creating psychological safe spaces for the youth/families offering opportunities for exploration, testing and embedding new behaviours instills hope and optimism for all within the child's ecosystem. It is our collective responsibility to help children become the best version of themselves.
Our children and their parents are in a growing state of crisis and disruption resulting in rising levels of anxiety, trauma, behavioural issues, poor academic performance and addictions. The need for psycho-social intervention, parental and teacher guidance and community outreach has reach epic proportion. Through creating psychological safe spaces for the youth/families offering opportunities for exploration, testing and embedding new behaviours instills hope and optimism for all within the child's ecosystem. It is our collective responsibility to help children become the best version of themselves.
087 250 0902 x36 View 087 250 0902 x36
Photo of Monica Hilda Harrison, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Monica Hilda Harrison
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
If you're struggling with stress, anxiety, or burnout from work, personal life, or relationship challenges, and need personalized strategies to build resilience and manage stress, I can help. As a Counselling Psychologist with expertise in Integrative Psychotherapy and trauma-sensitive mindfulness, I offer tailored support to help you achieve a more balanced and fulfilling life. My services include individual psychotherapy, coaching, mindfulness practices, couples and group work to address your unique challenges and enhance your mental and emotional health.
If you're struggling with stress, anxiety, or burnout from work, personal life, or relationship challenges, and need personalized strategies to build resilience and manage stress, I can help. As a Counselling Psychologist with expertise in Integrative Psychotherapy and trauma-sensitive mindfulness, I offer tailored support to help you achieve a more balanced and fulfilling life. My services include individual psychotherapy, coaching, mindfulness practices, couples and group work to address your unique challenges and enhance your mental and emotional health.
087 250 3069 x38 View 087 250 3069 x38
Photo of Fran Webster, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Fran Webster
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Sandton 2191
I work with children from two years old, adolescents and adults that are experiencing behavioural, emotional, academic and career-related problems due to difficulties with adjustment. Having had much exposure and experience with different types of trauma, I am passionate about working with all spheres of trauma, particularly with children. Career assessment and subject choice for scholars is an area I enjoy assisting with. Having worked with many individuals that develop psychological issues from studying subjects that they are not passionate about, or being in a career that does not promote self-actualisation.
I work with children from two years old, adolescents and adults that are experiencing behavioural, emotional, academic and career-related problems due to difficulties with adjustment. Having had much exposure and experience with different types of trauma, I am passionate about working with all spheres of trauma, particularly with children. Career assessment and subject choice for scholars is an area I enjoy assisting with. Having worked with many individuals that develop psychological issues from studying subjects that they are not passionate about, or being in a career that does not promote self-actualisation.
087 250 0160 x35 View 087 250 0160 x35
Meg Willows
Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Life is challenging. Unpleasant, traumatic events occur. We experience losses. We may recall awful past events and the intense memories persist. Relational difficulties arise - with partners, children, family or friends. Our zest for life may wane.. Cultural or spiritual beliefs may be challenged. At such times we need the support of a trained, objective counsellor to provide insight and support. With empathetic understanding and encouragement we can move through our difficult times. This is my passion - helping clients to rise above the difficulties of life.
Life is challenging. Unpleasant, traumatic events occur. We experience losses. We may recall awful past events and the intense memories persist. Relational difficulties arise - with partners, children, family or friends. Our zest for life may wane.. Cultural or spiritual beliefs may be challenged. At such times we need the support of a trained, objective counsellor to provide insight and support. With empathetic understanding and encouragement we can move through our difficult times. This is my passion - helping clients to rise above the difficulties of life.
087 250 0160 x60 View 087 250 0160 x60
Photo of Erika Iona Parker, Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Erika Iona Parker
Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Coming to therapy is a journey of change. Sometimes the journey is a short, brisk walk and other times it is an encounter - a dark night of the soul. People are different, they think differently, feel differently and make decisions and interpretations in a way that points to the uniqueness of the fingerprints of their souls. A therapist needs to understand these fingerprints in a creative and intelligent manner.
Coming to therapy is a journey of change. Sometimes the journey is a short, brisk walk and other times it is an encounter - a dark night of the soul. People are different, they think differently, feel differently and make decisions and interpretations in a way that points to the uniqueness of the fingerprints of their souls. A therapist needs to understand these fingerprints in a creative and intelligent manner.
087 250 2837 x18 View 087 250 2837 x18
Photo of Zinzi Manamela, Social Worker, SACSSP
Zinzi Manamela
Social Worker, SACSSP
Online Only
Hi there, I am a dedicated social worker and applied behavior analysis technician. With a passion for fostering positive change and empowering individuals, I blend empathy and evidence-based strategies to support people in reaching their goals. Whether advocating for social justice or implementing personalized behavior intervention plans, I'm committed to making a difference and creating inclusive, supportive environments where everyone can thrive.
Hi there, I am a dedicated social worker and applied behavior analysis technician. With a passion for fostering positive change and empowering individuals, I blend empathy and evidence-based strategies to support people in reaching their goals. Whether advocating for social justice or implementing personalized behavior intervention plans, I'm committed to making a difference and creating inclusive, supportive environments where everyone can thrive.
087 250 2910 x90 View 087 250 2910 x90
Photo of Thandeka Thandi Mvakali, Psychologist, MSc, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Thandeka Thandi Mvakali
Psychologist, MSc, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Wendywood 2148
I offer therapy and coaching to people in various life circumstances e.g. experiencing anxiety or sadness, experiencing grief from loss; experiencing stress from traumatic events ; transitioning to a new job or considering a different career; couples seeking to deepen their relationship or having challenges; professionals seeking to be effective in their work or lives.
I offer therapy and coaching to people in various life circumstances e.g. experiencing anxiety or sadness, experiencing grief from loss; experiencing stress from traumatic events ; transitioning to a new job or considering a different career; couples seeking to deepen their relationship or having challenges; professionals seeking to be effective in their work or lives.
087 250 0513 x59 View 087 250 0513 x59
Photo of Siyabonga Ntshangase, Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Siyabonga Ntshangase
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Centurion 0157
Hello, thank you for reading my profile. I believe therapy is a process where a client and their therapist explores life events with the purpose of getting better. Life events impact how we think, feel and behave- so in therapy, we get to explore these crucial events in a safe and confidential environment. I work with clients who endeavor to rethink, heal and grow from a variety of issues including mental health conditions or symptoms. The issues that I am usually presented with include, life events such as trauma and bereavement, or presenting symptoms similar to anxiety, depression, ADHD, etc.
Hello, thank you for reading my profile. I believe therapy is a process where a client and their therapist explores life events with the purpose of getting better. Life events impact how we think, feel and behave- so in therapy, we get to explore these crucial events in a safe and confidential environment. I work with clients who endeavor to rethink, heal and grow from a variety of issues including mental health conditions or symptoms. The issues that I am usually presented with include, life events such as trauma and bereavement, or presenting symptoms similar to anxiety, depression, ADHD, etc.
087 250 0536 x72 View 087 250 0536 x72
Photo of Beaulah Rose, Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
Beaulah Rose
Registered Counsellor, HPCSA - Counsellor
I strive to help anyone and everyone who are finding the challenges they face daily, a bit overwhelming. Support goes a long way to overcoming challenges and by creating a collaborative approach and basing the therapeutic process towards solution building and creating a hope filled future, perspectives can be shifted and goals set. My space is judgement free and incorporates understanding and acceptance for how things are for you. We all have a story, and we can all create a story for ourselves that makes sense.
I strive to help anyone and everyone who are finding the challenges they face daily, a bit overwhelming. Support goes a long way to overcoming challenges and by creating a collaborative approach and basing the therapeutic process towards solution building and creating a hope filled future, perspectives can be shifted and goals set. My space is judgement free and incorporates understanding and acceptance for how things are for you. We all have a story, and we can all create a story for ourselves that makes sense.
087 250 2477 x76 View 087 250 2477 x76
Photo of Nuzel Botha, General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons
Nuzel Botha
General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons
Midrand 1686
I strive to create a warm and comfortable environment in which you can feel accepted & free to express your deepest feelings, thoughts and fears. Through narrative therapy, in which you tell me your life story, I help you become the hero, and survivor instead of the victim. My goal is to uncover opportunities for growth and development, find meaning, and for you to understand yourself better. The aim is to separate the individual from the problem, allowing you to externalize your issues rather than internalize them. As counsellor I provide vital support as you make your way through this journey of self-actualization and growth.
I strive to create a warm and comfortable environment in which you can feel accepted & free to express your deepest feelings, thoughts and fears. Through narrative therapy, in which you tell me your life story, I help you become the hero, and survivor instead of the victim. My goal is to uncover opportunities for growth and development, find meaning, and for you to understand yourself better. The aim is to separate the individual from the problem, allowing you to externalize your issues rather than internalize them. As counsellor I provide vital support as you make your way through this journey of self-actualization and growth.
087 250 2748 x81 View 087 250 2748 x81
Photo of Ingrid Christina Artus - Westpsych, Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Westpsych
Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
We are registered psychologists based in Roodepoort, close to Clearwater mall, Weltevreden Park, Allens Nek, Little Falls, Constantia Kloof, Kloofendal and Strubens Valley, We provide therapy for: Trauma and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex trauma Depression and Anxiety Grief, Loss and Bereavement Play therapy Couples and marriage therapy and pre-marital counselling Fertility and related concerns Coping with stress and relational problems in various contexts Neurofeedback Personal Development, including boundaries and locus of control & more We also provide career , scholastic and subject choice assessments. Ages: 5-100
We are registered psychologists based in Roodepoort, close to Clearwater mall, Weltevreden Park, Allens Nek, Little Falls, Constantia Kloof, Kloofendal and Strubens Valley, We provide therapy for: Trauma and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex trauma Depression and Anxiety Grief, Loss and Bereavement Play therapy Couples and marriage therapy and pre-marital counselling Fertility and related concerns Coping with stress and relational problems in various contexts Neurofeedback Personal Development, including boundaries and locus of control & more We also provide career , scholastic and subject choice assessments. Ages: 5-100
061 492 5714 View 061 492 5714

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Psychologists and Therapists in Bassonia

< 10

Psychologists and Therapists in Bassonia who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
83% Child
83% Anxiety
83% Grief
83% Anger Management
83% Behavioural Issues
83% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

26 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bonitas
100% GEMS
100% Discovery Health

How Psychologists and Therapists in Bassonia see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Bassonia?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Psychologists listed in the directory are registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). The majority of General Counsellors featured in the directory align themselves with reputable professional bodies, particularly the Association for Supportive Counsellors and Holistic Practitioners. All Registered Counsellors listed must be registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered with the South African Council for Social Service Professionals.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for general counsellors in South Africa, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in South Africa.

Psychologists have five years training in psychology, have completed an internship over 12 months, and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. They must be registered with Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Registered Counsellors must have at least four years of study at a university or college, such as the Bachelor of Psychology and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. General counsellors, such as Supportive Counsellors, Holistic Counsellors, and Wellness Counsellors, registered with the ASCHP must possess at least an NQF Level 4 qualification. Social Workers must possess a Bachelor of Social Work and must have completed an approved internship in the social service sector.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in South Africa could be between R600 and R1,500. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are registered with the HPCSA and professional organisations such as PsySSA or the ASCHP are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client, or as required by law, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.