Treatment Centers in Newton, MA

Photo of Patricia Travaglione - ilearn wellness group, Treatment Center, LMHC
ilearn wellness group
Treatment Center
Newton, MA 02459
At our adolescent Partial Hospitalization Program, we take pride in providing comprehensive mental health services to a wide range of individuals. If your loved one is struggling with ADHD, anger issues, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, LGBTQ+ issues, or obsessive-compulsive disorder, our team of experienced professionals is here to help. We take a personalized approach to each individual's unique needs and circumstances to provide the most effective treatment possible.
At our adolescent Partial Hospitalization Program, we take pride in providing comprehensive mental health services to a wide range of individuals. If your loved one is struggling with ADHD, anger issues, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, LGBTQ+ issues, or obsessive-compulsive disorder, our team of experienced professionals is here to help. We take a personalized approach to each individual's unique needs and circumstances to provide the most effective treatment possible.
(781) 423-8517 View (781) 423-8517
Photo of Jim Reynolds - Sameem Behavioral Health, LLC, Treatment Center
Sameem Behavioral Health, LLC
Treatment Center
Newton, MA 02461
For 40 years, Sameem has treated Substance Use Disorder, trauma, anxiety, stress, depression, and other disorders in adolescents and adults at our offices in Newton, Massachusetts. Our outpatient services include Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOP), individual therapy, group therapy, family therapy, Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT), and alcohol or drug testing. We help people move from crisis to enduring health.
For 40 years, Sameem has treated Substance Use Disorder, trauma, anxiety, stress, depression, and other disorders in adolescents and adults at our offices in Newton, Massachusetts. Our outpatient services include Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOP), individual therapy, group therapy, family therapy, Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT), and alcohol or drug testing. We help people move from crisis to enduring health.
(617) 213-6887 View (617) 213-6887
Photo of Martine Rossell - Ellie Mental Health, Treatment Center, LMHC, ATR-BC
Ellie Mental Health
Treatment Center
1 Endorsed
Newton, MA 02464
We provide support for a wide range of mental disorders and common mental health issues at our Ellie Mental Health Clinic in Newton and Lexington. No matter your concerns, our compassionate Ellie therapists will provide you with the non-judgmental care you deserve.
We provide support for a wide range of mental disorders and common mental health issues at our Ellie Mental Health Clinic in Newton and Lexington. No matter your concerns, our compassionate Ellie therapists will provide you with the non-judgmental care you deserve.
(617) 751-1647 View (617) 751-1647
Photo of Ashley Reed - Asteroid Health , Treatment Center
Asteroid Health
Treatment Center
Newton, MA 02462
Asteroid Health provides long-term outpatient and general psychiatric services to adults in an atmosphere of support and enlightenment. Asteroid Health provides confidential individual, group, and psychopharmacological therapy to individuals striving for mental wellness.
Asteroid Health provides long-term outpatient and general psychiatric services to adults in an atmosphere of support and enlightenment. Asteroid Health provides confidential individual, group, and psychopharmacological therapy to individuals striving for mental wellness.
(781) 217-3084 View (781) 217-3084
Photo of Ben Yudkoff - Lumin Health Ketamine Therapy, Treatment Center, MD
Lumin Health Ketamine Therapy
Treatment Center
Newton, MA 02459
Lumin Health is a leading mental health and depression treatment center in Greater Boston. We have helped countless people rediscover joy through safe, innovative therapies like in-network esketamine (Spravato) therapy for treatment-resistant depression and ketamine therapy — all in an uplifting, medically monitored environment. Our patients often report significant improvement after just a few sessions. Led by Dr. Benjamin Yudkoff, MD, MA, our Harvard Medical School trained and board-certified team uses FDA-approved medications and adheres to strict safety protocols to provide you with effective treatments in a safe environment.
Lumin Health is a leading mental health and depression treatment center in Greater Boston. We have helped countless people rediscover joy through safe, innovative therapies like in-network esketamine (Spravato) therapy for treatment-resistant depression and ketamine therapy — all in an uplifting, medically monitored environment. Our patients often report significant improvement after just a few sessions. Led by Dr. Benjamin Yudkoff, MD, MA, our Harvard Medical School trained and board-certified team uses FDA-approved medications and adheres to strict safety protocols to provide you with effective treatments in a safe environment.
(617) 533-0867 View (617) 533-0867
Photo of Brian Boyle - Stella Mental Health - TMS, Spravato & Ketamine, Treatment Center, MD, PMHNP
Stella Mental Health Newton provides a safe, empowering space for those seeking relief from symptoms of mental health challenges and emotional trauma. Treatment by Stella can effectively address symptoms of depression, anxiety, bipolar, OCD, trauma, and PTSD/PTSI. Stella Newton is designed to create a high-end experience in our calming and therapeutic environment, bringing dramatic healing through effective treatments. We're committed to measuring success by lives changed and are dedicated to finding a treatment path for you with the highest chance of getting you back to feeling like your best self.
Stella Mental Health Newton provides a safe, empowering space for those seeking relief from symptoms of mental health challenges and emotional trauma. Treatment by Stella can effectively address symptoms of depression, anxiety, bipolar, OCD, trauma, and PTSD/PTSI. Stella Newton is designed to create a high-end experience in our calming and therapeutic environment, bringing dramatic healing through effective treatments. We're committed to measuring success by lives changed and are dedicated to finding a treatment path for you with the highest chance of getting you back to feeling like your best self.
(617) 539-7566 View (617) 539-7566
Photo of David Perna - Copernican Clinical Services, Treatment Center
Copernican Clinical Services
Treatment Center
Newton, MA 02458
At Copernican we utilize a combination of traditional therapy techniques and cutting-edge clinical interventions to help support your treatment experience. Our staff functions as an integrated, CLINICAL TEAM as we coordinate with other professionals in a seamless manner. Our approach to continuity of care that is packed with relevant clinical information. We believe that KNOWLEDGE IS POWER. The usual response we receive from other professionals is, "Thanks! You guys are always so helpful."
At Copernican we utilize a combination of traditional therapy techniques and cutting-edge clinical interventions to help support your treatment experience. Our staff functions as an integrated, CLINICAL TEAM as we coordinate with other professionals in a seamless manner. Our approach to continuity of care that is packed with relevant clinical information. We believe that KNOWLEDGE IS POWER. The usual response we receive from other professionals is, "Thanks! You guys are always so helpful."
(617) 405-3203 View (617) 405-3203
Photo of Natalie Lender - TMS at Square Medical Group, Treatment Center
TMS at Square Medical Group
Treatment Center
Serves Area
TMS has been studied extensively for its therapeutic applications in depression treatment for adults. 75% of Square Medical Group patients experience relief from their persistent symptoms lasting 6 months or more after the TMS treatment course is completed.
TMS has been studied extensively for its therapeutic applications in depression treatment for adults. 75% of Square Medical Group patients experience relief from their persistent symptoms lasting 6 months or more after the TMS treatment course is completed.
(781) 230-7180 View (781) 230-7180
Photo of Will Barry - The Addiction Treatment Center of New England, Treatment Center
The Addiction Treatment Center of New England
Treatment Center
Serves Area
The Addiction Treatment Center of New England (ATCNE) is an outpatient opioid treatment program designed to provide a safe and therapeutic environment for clients in the greater Boston area. We provide clinically-driven Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) for those struggling with Opioid Use Disorder and have done so successfully for the last 38 years. We offer maintenance & outpatient detox, coupled with group and individual counseling. Our programs help clients gain control over their substance use disorders and learn alternatives to their behaviors. ATCNE has a strong focus on providing "total treatment." Medication is one part of treatment, but education and support are seen as equally important. We recognize the need to treat substance use holistically- addressing your medical, physical, emotional and social realms. To help treat co-occurring issues, ATCNE has close relationships with other local organizations and programs and can facilitate referrals to additional mental health and/or medical services. We have a positive and hopeful approach to recovery. ATCNE understands that everyone is capable of recovering and despite your struggles, there is hope that you can get better.
The Addiction Treatment Center of New England (ATCNE) is an outpatient opioid treatment program designed to provide a safe and therapeutic environment for clients in the greater Boston area. We provide clinically-driven Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) for those struggling with Opioid Use Disorder and have done so successfully for the last 38 years. We offer maintenance & outpatient detox, coupled with group and individual counseling. Our programs help clients gain control over their substance use disorders and learn alternatives to their behaviors. ATCNE has a strong focus on providing "total treatment." Medication is one part of treatment, but education and support are seen as equally important. We recognize the need to treat substance use holistically- addressing your medical, physical, emotional and social realms. To help treat co-occurring issues, ATCNE has close relationships with other local organizations and programs and can facilitate referrals to additional mental health and/or medical services. We have a positive and hopeful approach to recovery. ATCNE understands that everyone is capable of recovering and despite your struggles, there is hope that you can get better.
(617) 254-1271 x119 View (617) 254-1271 x119
Photo of Tonn Q Cao - TCA Counseling Group, Treatment Center, PhD
TCA Counseling Group
Treatment Center
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
TCA Counseling Group was founded by Dr. Tonn Q. Cao in 2011 specializing in treatments for Millennials. Our philosophy is that every individual should be treated with respect and integrity despite his or her background, identity or experiences. This is particularly true when they are at their most vulnerable as they seek counseling services. We offer a safe refuge where individuals, couples and families are encouraged to explore their tribulations as they succeed at leading healthier and happier lives. By combining our specializations, our therapists can help our clients from many different perspectives and increase the chances of their success in meeting their treatment goals.
TCA Counseling Group was founded by Dr. Tonn Q. Cao in 2011 specializing in treatments for Millennials. Our philosophy is that every individual should be treated with respect and integrity despite his or her background, identity or experiences. This is particularly true when they are at their most vulnerable as they seek counseling services. We offer a safe refuge where individuals, couples and families are encouraged to explore their tribulations as they succeed at leading healthier and happier lives. By combining our specializations, our therapists can help our clients from many different perspectives and increase the chances of their success in meeting their treatment goals.
(857) 371-4978 View (857) 371-4978
Photo of Aleksandra Soykin - Jewish Community Mental Health Initiative (JCMHI), Treatment Center, PhD
The Jewish Community Mental Health Initiative (JCMHI), a Direct Action fund of the American Psychological Foundation (APF), is dedicated to fostering connection, healing, and resilience within the Jewish community. We provide free, virtual support groups, resources, trainings, and research-informed programming for Jewish-identified individuals navigating grief, trauma, and the emotional impact of rising antisemitism and challenging times. We warmly welcome Jews of all backgrounds, identities, levels of observance, abilities, and lived experiences.
The Jewish Community Mental Health Initiative (JCMHI), a Direct Action fund of the American Psychological Foundation (APF), is dedicated to fostering connection, healing, and resilience within the Jewish community. We provide free, virtual support groups, resources, trainings, and research-informed programming for Jewish-identified individuals navigating grief, trauma, and the emotional impact of rising antisemitism and challenging times. We warmly welcome Jews of all backgrounds, identities, levels of observance, abilities, and lived experiences.
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Photo of East Coast Recovery Center - East Coast Recovery Center, Treatment Center, MD, LPC, LADC I, LCSW
East Coast Recovery Center
Treatment Center
Serves Area
Addiction is unique. In fact, most of those who struggle with addiction actually experience other underlying issues. Whether it is trauma, painful past experiences, an untreated or undiagnosed mental illness, or anything else, we all have different struggles. These struggles make us unique, they are also one of the ways that addiction can be unique for each individual. Sometimes, this means that it requires more than one treatment type or philosophy to treat a person. That is okay. That is healthy. At East Coast Recovery, we know that one of the most effective ways to help process these underlying causes surrounding addiction is to take a step back, disconnect from your self and reconnect with a community who understands.
Addiction is unique. In fact, most of those who struggle with addiction actually experience other underlying issues. Whether it is trauma, painful past experiences, an untreated or undiagnosed mental illness, or anything else, we all have different struggles. These struggles make us unique, they are also one of the ways that addiction can be unique for each individual. Sometimes, this means that it requires more than one treatment type or philosophy to treat a person. That is okay. That is healthy. At East Coast Recovery, we know that one of the most effective ways to help process these underlying causes surrounding addiction is to take a step back, disconnect from your self and reconnect with a community who understands.
(339) 210-1240 View (339) 210-1240
Photo of Chris Lauzon - Hospital for Behavioral Medicine, Treatment Center
Hospital for Behavioral Medicine
Treatment Center
Serves Area
The Hospital for Behavioral Medicine (HBM) offers innovative inpatient services for children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. Inpatient services focus on crisis stabilization, medication management, group treatment and discharge/transition planning. Our dedicated staff of doctors, nurses, case managers, and mental health technicians are committed to providing the highest quality of patient care, bringing creativity, expressive arts, and best practices to manage and reduce unsafe behaviors.
The Hospital for Behavioral Medicine (HBM) offers innovative inpatient services for children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. Inpatient services focus on crisis stabilization, medication management, group treatment and discharge/transition planning. Our dedicated staff of doctors, nurses, case managers, and mental health technicians are committed to providing the highest quality of patient care, bringing creativity, expressive arts, and best practices to manage and reduce unsafe behaviors.
(774) 214-2845 View (774) 214-2845
Photo of Pamela Thompson - McLean Hospital - TMS Service, Treatment Center
McLean Hospital - TMS Service
Treatment Center
Serves Area
The Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) service at McLean Hospital is dedicated to providing treatment for patients with severe depression, especially those diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression (people who have not felt relief from prescription medication for depression or those who have experienced side-effects). TMS is offered at both the McLean Hospital main campus in Belmont and at McLean Southeast in Middleborough. TMS is non-invasive and requires no anesthesia or sedation. There are no restrictions on work or other activities before the treatment, and because there are no systemic effects or cognitive after-effects (memory difficulty or ability to concentrate), patients can return immediately to their regular activities. TMS uses magnetic pulses to stimulate nerve cells in the prefrontal cortex of the brain. The procedure typically lasts less than an hour and patients remain awake, alert, and comfortable. Patients typically receive 20 to 30 treatments over four to six weeks (five times per week). The course of treatment will vary according to each individual and will be guided by an initial assessment.
The Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) service at McLean Hospital is dedicated to providing treatment for patients with severe depression, especially those diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression (people who have not felt relief from prescription medication for depression or those who have experienced side-effects). TMS is offered at both the McLean Hospital main campus in Belmont and at McLean Southeast in Middleborough. TMS is non-invasive and requires no anesthesia or sedation. There are no restrictions on work or other activities before the treatment, and because there are no systemic effects or cognitive after-effects (memory difficulty or ability to concentrate), patients can return immediately to their regular activities. TMS uses magnetic pulses to stimulate nerve cells in the prefrontal cortex of the brain. The procedure typically lasts less than an hour and patients remain awake, alert, and comfortable. Patients typically receive 20 to 30 treatments over four to six weeks (five times per week). The course of treatment will vary according to each individual and will be guided by an initial assessment.
(617) 609-1424 View (617) 609-1424
Photo of Nancy Thurston - Wellspring Residential Program-Girls & Adult Women, Treatment Center
Wellspring Residential Program-Girls & Adult Women
Treatment Center
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Founded in 1977, Wellspring is a residential treatment center for adolescent girls and young adult women and gender diverse individuals struggling with mental health and relational issues. Our NEW intensive adolescent program offers a briefer treatment stay with focus on stabilization, and complements our long-term program. Wellspring's Arch Bridge School is a private therapeutic school for grades 7-12 an offers college prep academics with classroom support from clinicians and special education teachers. Wellspring is accredited by The Joint Commission and NEASC, and approved by the departments of Education in CT, MA, NJ and NY.
Founded in 1977, Wellspring is a residential treatment center for adolescent girls and young adult women and gender diverse individuals struggling with mental health and relational issues. Our NEW intensive adolescent program offers a briefer treatment stay with focus on stabilization, and complements our long-term program. Wellspring's Arch Bridge School is a private therapeutic school for grades 7-12 an offers college prep academics with classroom support from clinicians and special education teachers. Wellspring is accredited by The Joint Commission and NEASC, and approved by the departments of Education in CT, MA, NJ and NY.
(475) 251-4234 View (475) 251-4234
Photo of James DiReda - Lake Avenue Recovery, Treatment Center, PhD, LICSW, MA
Lake Avenue Recovery
Treatment Center
Serves Area
At Lake Avenue Recovery, we guide people down a comprehensive Addiction Recovery Path that includes a Day Treatment Program, Intensive Outpatient Program, Evening Treatment Program and an Outpatient Program. Our medical and clinical directors guide individuals through an assessment to determine which drug and alcohol treatment fits best. The assessment is predicated on the American Society of Addiction Medicine’s placement criteria, the most widely used and comprehensive set of guidelines for placement, continued stay and transfer/discharge of patients with addiction and co-occurring conditions. ASAM’s criteria are required in over 30 states. ASAM’s criteria uses six dimensions to create a holistic, biopsychosocial assessment of an individual to be used for planning and treatment across all levels of care.
At Lake Avenue Recovery, we guide people down a comprehensive Addiction Recovery Path that includes a Day Treatment Program, Intensive Outpatient Program, Evening Treatment Program and an Outpatient Program. Our medical and clinical directors guide individuals through an assessment to determine which drug and alcohol treatment fits best. The assessment is predicated on the American Society of Addiction Medicine’s placement criteria, the most widely used and comprehensive set of guidelines for placement, continued stay and transfer/discharge of patients with addiction and co-occurring conditions. ASAM’s criteria are required in over 30 states. ASAM’s criteria uses six dimensions to create a holistic, biopsychosocial assessment of an individual to be used for planning and treatment across all levels of care.
(774) 268-5868 View (774) 268-5868
Photo of Admissions Line - Drug & Alcohol Rehab at Brook Recovery Center, Treatment Center
Drug & Alcohol Rehab at Brook Recovery Center
Treatment Center
Serves Area
Brook Recovery Center works to offer the highest quality treatment. We believe in looking deep within and treating the underlying causes of our clients substance use. We look at each clients case on a personalized level. Our program is centered around clinical treatment delivered by our masters level clinicians but is not limited to it. We offer a full continuum of care and a wholistic approach including nutritional counseling, employment counseling, yoga, mindfulness therapy, 12 step immersion and more. Conveniently located outside of Boston, MA.
Brook Recovery Center works to offer the highest quality treatment. We believe in looking deep within and treating the underlying causes of our clients substance use. We look at each clients case on a personalized level. Our program is centered around clinical treatment delivered by our masters level clinicians but is not limited to it. We offer a full continuum of care and a wholistic approach including nutritional counseling, employment counseling, yoga, mindfulness therapy, 12 step immersion and more. Conveniently located outside of Boston, MA.
(781) 423-3096 View (781) 423-3096
Photo of Beth Shikatani - Intensive CBT Program for Anxiety and OCD , Treatment Center, PhD
Intensive CBT Program for Anxiety and OCD
Treatment Center
Serves Area
Intensive CBT treatment is a highly specialized form of concentrated and accelerated therapy that directly targets your specific anxiety using concrete tools and strategies. It is a short-term, 2-week program in which you meet 1-on-1 with a team of qualified clinicians. Prior to starting the formal 2- week treatment program, you will complete a 2-hour assessment and 1-hour treatment planning session with your assigned senior clinician to determine your clinical diagnoses, create a personalized treatment plan, and ensure that this format of treatment is a good fit for your needs. This program is designed for older adolescents (16+) and adults with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), panic disorder, agoraphobia, specific phobia, and social anxiety disorder.
Intensive CBT treatment is a highly specialized form of concentrated and accelerated therapy that directly targets your specific anxiety using concrete tools and strategies. It is a short-term, 2-week program in which you meet 1-on-1 with a team of qualified clinicians. Prior to starting the formal 2- week treatment program, you will complete a 2-hour assessment and 1-hour treatment planning session with your assigned senior clinician to determine your clinical diagnoses, create a personalized treatment plan, and ensure that this format of treatment is a good fit for your needs. This program is designed for older adolescents (16+) and adults with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), panic disorder, agoraphobia, specific phobia, and social anxiety disorder.
(617) 841-3288 View (617) 841-3288
Photo of Ryan Caulfield - Greater Boston Addiction Centers - GBAC, Treatment Center
Greater Boston Addiction Centers - GBAC
Treatment Center
Serves Area
Anyone struggling with addiction to drugs or alcohol needs professional support to heal and recover. Greater Boston Addiction Centers is here to help. Our substance abuse rehab programs provide daytime outpatient and evening intensive outpatient drug treatment programs to help you or your loved one rebuild and restore hope.
Anyone struggling with addiction to drugs or alcohol needs professional support to heal and recover. Greater Boston Addiction Centers is here to help. Our substance abuse rehab programs provide daytime outpatient and evening intensive outpatient drug treatment programs to help you or your loved one rebuild and restore hope.
(508) 392-5279 View (508) 392-5279
Photo of Molly Ruiz - DBT Works, Treatment Center
DBT Works
Treatment Center
Serves Area
We specialize in treating all forms of emotion dysregulation, including: borderline personality disorder, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. We also treat a range of related emotional difficulties including suicidality, self-injury, impulsivity, relationship difficulties, problematic substance use, disordered eating, and unstable sense of self. Our clients are highly sensitive individuals (as are our staff!) who are interested in building skills to manage their emotions.
We specialize in treating all forms of emotion dysregulation, including: borderline personality disorder, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. We also treat a range of related emotional difficulties including suicidality, self-injury, impulsivity, relationship difficulties, problematic substance use, disordered eating, and unstable sense of self. Our clients are highly sensitive individuals (as are our staff!) who are interested in building skills to manage their emotions.
(857) 420-5097 View (857) 420-5097

See more therapy options for Newton

FAQs - About Treatment Centers and Rehab

How can I find a treatment center in Newton?

The Psychology Today Directory has customizable search options that show potential treatment centers tailored to your location, including inpatient or outpatient, the types of insurance accepted, and even the programs the center specializes in. Finding the right treatment center can be vitally important, and the dropdown filters make it easier to find the best fit for you or your loved one.

How do treatment centers work?

There are treatment centers for individuals dealing with psychiatric issues as well as for those dealing with substance use or addiction, or who are dealing with both, also known as co-occurring disorders. The type of program that is right for an individual depends on their medical and mental health history, the severity of the issues they are dealing with, as well as their treatment goals. Individuals using the directory can filter to find a center best-suited to them based on their gender, the issues they are facing, such as addiction or a mental health condition, or the type of treatments they are seeking.

What is the difference between inpatient and outpatient treatments?

In an inpatient or residential treatment program, individuals receive treatment while living in a facility and have 24/7 access to care by medical professionals. There are various forms of outpatient treatment that offer different levels of care, including Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOPs) and Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHPs). PHPs tend to offer more time-intensive, supervised care than IOPs. Aftercare is another option that offers ongoing treatment for an individual recovering from substance use or addiction after they have achieved initial sobriety, which can take the form of either an inpatient or outpatient program.

How long is rehab?

Short term treatment usually lasts less than 30 days, while long term programs can last 60 days, 90 days, or longer, depending on the needs and goals of the individual and the structure of the program. Individuals searching for a treatment program in the directory can filter results by duration.

How much does rehab cost?

The price of treatment varies according to the length and type of service you search for, such as detox treatment, residential treatment, or outpatient treatment, as well as location and amenities offered. Non-profit centers are typically less expensive than private centers, but may have longer wait lists. Using the filters on the Psychology Today Treatment Center Directory can help narrow down which centers accept insurance plans, and, if so, which ones.

Does insurance cover rehab?

Health insurance typically covers rehab, but the extent of coverage depends on the particular policy, the treatment provider, and the needs of the individual. Individuals are encouraged to check with their insurance providers prior to entering a treatment program. Once you have confirmed coverage, you can use the Insurance filter on the Psychology Today Treatment Center Directory to find and contact centers that accept your insurance.

How do you get someone who refuses treatment into rehab?

It is important to convey compassion and understanding toward an individual dealing with an addiction problem. If a person refuses treatment at first, it’s important for their loved ones to continue to express their concerns in a kind and respectful manner, and to periodically encourage them to get help. It can take time for someone dealing with addiction to gain the motivation to make a change. In the meantime, it can be helpful for loved ones to set boundaries with the individual and educate themselves on the many treatment options that exist in order to have more informed conversations regarding recovery.