Treatment Centers in Broward County, FL

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Photo of Lori Eickleberry - Institute for Life Renovation, LLC IOP, Treatment Center, PhD, ABPP
Institute for Life Renovation, LLC IOP
Treatment Center
1 Endorsed
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33316
The Institute for Life Renovation is a highly individualized Intensive Outpatient Program that treats complex individuals. We begin with a thorough assessment by a double Board-Certified Licensed Psychologist, which we use to develop a specialized treatment plan. Each patient's treatment vastly differs depending upon their needs. We have a comprehensive team of professionals for integrated care under one roof. We also have specialty tracks for those who struggle with disordered eating and/or substance abuse. Our program also has a comprehensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) track and is fully-adherent and certified in DBT.
The Institute for Life Renovation is a highly individualized Intensive Outpatient Program that treats complex individuals. We begin with a thorough assessment by a double Board-Certified Licensed Psychologist, which we use to develop a specialized treatment plan. Each patient's treatment vastly differs depending upon their needs. We have a comprehensive team of professionals for integrated care under one roof. We also have specialty tracks for those who struggle with disordered eating and/or substance abuse. Our program also has a comprehensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) track and is fully-adherent and certified in DBT.
(954) 398-5194 View (954) 398-5194
Photo of Renfrew Center - The Renfrew Center of Florida, Treatment Center
The Renfrew Center of Florida
Treatment Center
Coconut Creek, FL 33073
The Renfrew Center, a family-owned leader in eating disorder treatment, opened the nation’s first residential facility in 1985. With 15 sites nationwide and virtual services in 25+ states, Renfrew has helped over 100,000 adolescent girls, women, transgender, and non-binary individuals. Our evidence-based Unified Treatment Model addresses eating disorders and co-occurring presentations such as anxiety, depression, and trauma, offering a full continuum of care—from Residential to Outpatient—tailored to each individual’s needs.
The Renfrew Center, a family-owned leader in eating disorder treatment, opened the nation’s first residential facility in 1985. With 15 sites nationwide and virtual services in 25+ states, Renfrew has helped over 100,000 adolescent girls, women, transgender, and non-binary individuals. Our evidence-based Unified Treatment Model addresses eating disorders and co-occurring presentations such as anxiety, depression, and trauma, offering a full continuum of care—from Residential to Outpatient—tailored to each individual’s needs.
(866) 265-2206 View (866) 265-2206
Photo of ELIZABETH ANN GINGERICH - Regional Management Care, Inc, Treatment Center, LCSW
Regional Management Care, Inc
Treatment Center
Margate, FL 33063
We serve children, adolescents, and adults who are experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, mood changes, behavioral challenges, stress, and difficulty coping with daily life. Some clients need help with emotional regulation, family conflict, school or social problems, medication support, or improving daily functioning. Our goal is to provide compassionate, individualized care that helps each client build coping skills, improve stability, and move toward healthier, more independent living.
We serve children, adolescents, and adults who are experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, mood changes, behavioral challenges, stress, and difficulty coping with daily life. Some clients need help with emotional regulation, family conflict, school or social problems, medication support, or improving daily functioning. Our goal is to provide compassionate, individualized care that helps each client build coping skills, improve stability, and move toward healthier, more independent living.
(954) 799-4510 View (954) 799-4510
Photo of William Rodman - GracePoint Treatment Center, Treatment Center
Grace Point Treatment represents more than just a program; it’s a place where healing happens through compassion, integrity, and genuine connection. Located near the ocean, our addiction rehab in Fort Lauderdale offers a peaceful environment that naturally supports recovery. The sunshine, ocean air, and sense of calm make it easier to focus on healing and self-discovery, away from life’s daily pressures. Every individual who walks through our doors is met with honesty and care. We know recovery isn’t one-size-fits-all, which is why we create personalized treatment plans designed around your specific needs, trauma history, and goals.
Grace Point Treatment represents more than just a program; it’s a place where healing happens through compassion, integrity, and genuine connection. Located near the ocean, our addiction rehab in Fort Lauderdale offers a peaceful environment that naturally supports recovery. The sunshine, ocean air, and sense of calm make it easier to focus on healing and self-discovery, away from life’s daily pressures. Every individual who walks through our doors is met with honesty and care. We know recovery isn’t one-size-fits-all, which is why we create personalized treatment plans designed around your specific needs, trauma history, and goals.
(954) 250-5760 View (954) 250-5760
Photo of Ben Brafman - The Sylvia Brafman Mental Health Center, Treatment Center, MS, LMHC, CAP
When you know you need more than weekly therapy but your life can't stop for residential treatment, that's exactly where our programs fit. Our PHP, IOP, and outpatient programs in Tamarac, Florida, give you intensive daily clinical and psychiatric care while you keep living your life outside of sessions. PHP runs about six hours a day. IOP meets evenings, so you can work. Every patient gets a full diagnostic workup and an individualized treatment plan built from there, not a one-size-fits-all group schedule.
When you know you need more than weekly therapy but your life can't stop for residential treatment, that's exactly where our programs fit. Our PHP, IOP, and outpatient programs in Tamarac, Florida, give you intensive daily clinical and psychiatric care while you keep living your life outside of sessions. PHP runs about six hours a day. IOP meets evenings, so you can work. Every patient gets a full diagnostic workup and an individualized treatment plan built from there, not a one-size-fits-all group schedule.
(954) 287-0771 View (954) 287-0771
Photo of Aline-Vanya Guillaume - Therapy Terrace, Treatment Center
Therapy Terrace
Treatment Center
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you struggling with life's challenges? Our practice is dedicated to helping individuals overcome obstacles and find lasting peace. We specialize in treating a range of mental health concerns, including trauma, anxiety, depression, panic attacks, difficult life transitions, infertility, grief/loss, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Our compassionate therapists provide a safe and supportive environment to help you heal and grow. As a Christian counseling center, we integrate biblical principles into our therapeutic approach. Our therapists are dedicated to providing compassionate, evidence-based care that honors your spiritual beliefs.
Are you struggling with life's challenges? Our practice is dedicated to helping individuals overcome obstacles and find lasting peace. We specialize in treating a range of mental health concerns, including trauma, anxiety, depression, panic attacks, difficult life transitions, infertility, grief/loss, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Our compassionate therapists provide a safe and supportive environment to help you heal and grow. As a Christian counseling center, we integrate biblical principles into our therapeutic approach. Our therapists are dedicated to providing compassionate, evidence-based care that honors your spiritual beliefs.
(954) 519-3564 View (954) 519-3564
Photo of Alicia McCray - The Bougainvilla House Family Therapy Center, Treatment Center, LMFT
The Bougainvilla House (TBH) offers clinically developed family therapy programs designed to support teens and young adults as they navigate life’s challenges. Our strength-based approach helps clients build coping skills, resilience, and confidence while working toward meaningful personal goals. We focus on emotional and overall well-being, helping clients discover what works best for them and develop tools to adapt successfully across home, school, and community settings.
The Bougainvilla House (TBH) offers clinically developed family therapy programs designed to support teens and young adults as they navigate life’s challenges. Our strength-based approach helps clients build coping skills, resilience, and confidence while working toward meaningful personal goals. We focus on emotional and overall well-being, helping clients discover what works best for them and develop tools to adapt successfully across home, school, and community settings.
(954) 210-7589 View (954) 210-7589
Photo of Catherine Lovern - Transcend Wellness Intensive Outpatient Program, Treatment Center
Are you struggling and in need of more support than just one session of individual therapy a week? You have options! Intensive outpatient programs offer 9 hours of group therapy per week, scheduled during convenient evening, comprehensive psychiatric assessment and follow-up, case management, and weekly individual therapy, scheduled at your convenience. This allows you to get all the support you need without interfering in your daily life. Transcend Wellness Intensive Outpatient in Wilton Manors is a unique program which tailors each client's treatment to their specific needs, including a specialized trauma track for those with a PTSD diagnosis. We offer accountability during the riskiest time of relapse and re-emergence of mental health symptoms. Our staff has over 50 years of combined specialization and experience in the mental health and substance abuse field, and we have worked together to draw upon that experience and create a program of evidenced-based practices and a higher level of healing and recovery for each patient. YOU matter, and we are fully invested in helping you to reach your goals so that you can transcend to a new level of purpose.
Are you struggling and in need of more support than just one session of individual therapy a week? You have options! Intensive outpatient programs offer 9 hours of group therapy per week, scheduled during convenient evening, comprehensive psychiatric assessment and follow-up, case management, and weekly individual therapy, scheduled at your convenience. This allows you to get all the support you need without interfering in your daily life. Transcend Wellness Intensive Outpatient in Wilton Manors is a unique program which tailors each client's treatment to their specific needs, including a specialized trauma track for those with a PTSD diagnosis. We offer accountability during the riskiest time of relapse and re-emergence of mental health symptoms. Our staff has over 50 years of combined specialization and experience in the mental health and substance abuse field, and we have worked together to draw upon that experience and create a program of evidenced-based practices and a higher level of healing and recovery for each patient. YOU matter, and we are fully invested in helping you to reach your goals so that you can transcend to a new level of purpose.
(754) 254-3605 View (754) 254-3605
Photo of Kirra Soler - The Way Home Treatment Center, Treatment Center
The Way Home Treatment Center
Treatment Center
Wilton Manors, FL 33311
Our CARF accredited program offers therapists who have over 90 years of experience in the substance abuse/mental health field . We believe that, in order to help clients, we have to look at the whole person not just the dysfunction. Our focus is on helping our clients to become who they were before they began using substances and to uncover any pain/trauma/grief that has kept them in a self-destructive cycle. We believe that the disease of addiction is a family disease therefore we are committed to having the family involved in the treatment process.
Our CARF accredited program offers therapists who have over 90 years of experience in the substance abuse/mental health field . We believe that, in order to help clients, we have to look at the whole person not just the dysfunction. Our focus is on helping our clients to become who they were before they began using substances and to uncover any pain/trauma/grief that has kept them in a self-destructive cycle. We believe that the disease of addiction is a family disease therefore we are committed to having the family involved in the treatment process.
(754) 465-7991 View (754) 465-7991
Photo of Ana Dominguez - Recovery Unplugged Fort Lauderdale Mental Health, Treatment Center, LMHC
Our brand new mental health residential facility offers a serene and supportive environment designed to foster healing and growth. Our state-of-the-art facility offers comfortable accommodations, modern therapeutic spaces, and beautiful outdoor areas to enhance your journey toward wellness.
Our brand new mental health residential facility offers a serene and supportive environment designed to foster healing and growth. Our state-of-the-art facility offers comfortable accommodations, modern therapeutic spaces, and beautiful outdoor areas to enhance your journey toward wellness.
(954) 335-4946 View (954) 335-4946
Photo of Scott Snader - Coral Bay Recovery, Treatment Center, LMFT, MCAP
Coral Bay Recovery
Treatment Center
Lighthouse Point, FL 33064
Coral Bay Recovery is a small Intensive Outpatient Program offering adults struggling with substance abuse and mental health issues the one thing they need the most: Hope. From depression and anxiety to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, addiction to substances, gambling, and more, CBR offers personalized care in an intimate, family setting. Our clients work on their core issues, whether it's addiction, trauma, excessive worry, work/home stress, grief and loss, frustration and more. At Coral Bay, clients attend group therapy and individual therapy where they get the tools and resources to not just cope, but thrive.
Coral Bay Recovery is a small Intensive Outpatient Program offering adults struggling with substance abuse and mental health issues the one thing they need the most: Hope. From depression and anxiety to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, addiction to substances, gambling, and more, CBR offers personalized care in an intimate, family setting. Our clients work on their core issues, whether it's addiction, trauma, excessive worry, work/home stress, grief and loss, frustration and more. At Coral Bay, clients attend group therapy and individual therapy where they get the tools and resources to not just cope, but thrive.
(754) 999-9755 View (754) 999-9755
Photo of Lauren Barry - We Level Up Tamarac FL, Treatment Center, MCAP, LMFT, PhD, SAP, CGCS
We Level Up Tamarac FL
Treatment Center
Tamarac, FL 33321
Free 24/7 hotline & assessments. Get help, take your first step to get better Now! While you're motivated. Your call is FREE. Comprehensive Mental Health Treatment in Tamarac, FL. We Level Up FL, which may be referred to as We Level Up Tamarac FL, is a premier destination for comprehensive mental health treatment in Florida. Located in Tamarac, our center is celebrated for its innovative inpatient mental health care and a wide range of treatments tailored to individual needs. We offer dual diagnosis treatment for co-occurring mental health and substance abuse disorders, alongside a spectrum of care levels from residential treatment to intensive outpatient programs. Our therapies, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), are designed to foster holistic recovery. Whether you're in search of a mental health facility in Fort Lauderdale or a supportive outpatient setting, We Level Up Tamarac FL stands ready to assist you on your journey to wellness. Ready for a change? Reach out to We Level Up Tamarac FL now to step towards a brighter, healthier future.
Free 24/7 hotline & assessments. Get help, take your first step to get better Now! While you're motivated. Your call is FREE. Comprehensive Mental Health Treatment in Tamarac, FL. We Level Up FL, which may be referred to as We Level Up Tamarac FL, is a premier destination for comprehensive mental health treatment in Florida. Located in Tamarac, our center is celebrated for its innovative inpatient mental health care and a wide range of treatments tailored to individual needs. We offer dual diagnosis treatment for co-occurring mental health and substance abuse disorders, alongside a spectrum of care levels from residential treatment to intensive outpatient programs. Our therapies, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), are designed to foster holistic recovery. Whether you're in search of a mental health facility in Fort Lauderdale or a supportive outpatient setting, We Level Up Tamarac FL stands ready to assist you on your journey to wellness. Ready for a change? Reach out to We Level Up Tamarac FL now to step towards a brighter, healthier future.
(954) 231-3849 View (954) 231-3849
Photo of Greg Adelstein - Ellie Mental Health - Hollywood, FL, Treatment Center, PsyD, LMHC, LMFT, LCSW
Ellie provides mental health services for all ages. Offering individual therapy, couples counseling, and family therapy. We have an amazing team of Licensed therapists to meet the needs of a wide variety of mental health needs. We have a cozy office space in Hollywood FL. Whether it is your first experience with therapy or you've had services in the past, we welcome you to Ellie and can't wait to get started.
Ellie provides mental health services for all ages. Offering individual therapy, couples counseling, and family therapy. We have an amazing team of Licensed therapists to meet the needs of a wide variety of mental health needs. We have a cozy office space in Hollywood FL. Whether it is your first experience with therapy or you've had services in the past, we welcome you to Ellie and can't wait to get started.
(954) 388-7893 View (954) 388-7893
Photo of Daniel Pietras - Neuro Wellness TMS Centers Of America, Treatment Center, MD
We specialize in Medication Resistant Depression utilizing state of the art Treatments like Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, SAINT Tms- The Accelerated Stanford protocol, PrTMS, Spravato, Ketamine Infusions, therapy and medication management. We provide quality depression treatment to patients in the South Florida area, including Coral Springs, Tamarac, Coconut Creek, Margate, Fort Lauderdale, Davie, Boca Raton, and Miami.
We specialize in Medication Resistant Depression utilizing state of the art Treatments like Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, SAINT Tms- The Accelerated Stanford protocol, PrTMS, Spravato, Ketamine Infusions, therapy and medication management. We provide quality depression treatment to patients in the South Florida area, including Coral Springs, Tamarac, Coconut Creek, Margate, Fort Lauderdale, Davie, Boca Raton, and Miami.
(754) 253-8532 View (754) 253-8532
Photo of Dustin Johnson - AWA: Adolescent Wellness Academy, Treatment Center
AWA: Adolescent Wellness Academy
Treatment Center
Davie, FL 33314
Our purpose is to provide teens facing mental health issues and their families. We are a place where you feel safe, loved, and cared about. A place you no longer feel alone, but belong to a supportive community. A place where you can heal and transform your life through the connection with others When you join our therapy or afterschool programs, you enter a caring and non-judgmental community. This support network involves teens, their families, peers, and our team. Together, everyone plays a role in supporting each other while our clinicians create a safe space for this supportive community to flourish.
Our purpose is to provide teens facing mental health issues and their families. We are a place where you feel safe, loved, and cared about. A place you no longer feel alone, but belong to a supportive community. A place where you can heal and transform your life through the connection with others When you join our therapy or afterschool programs, you enter a caring and non-judgmental community. This support network involves teens, their families, peers, and our team. Together, everyone plays a role in supporting each other while our clinicians create a safe space for this supportive community to flourish.
(954) 466-4690 View (954) 466-4690
Photo of Andrew R Bunce - Andrew R Bunce, Ph.D., PA, Treatment Center, PhD
Andrew R Bunce, Ph.D., PA
Treatment Center
Pembroke Pines, FL 33026
Learning to live a healthy and satisfying life often requires that we pause and reflect about the path we have been on. With the tools of awareness, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness, we can see a new, healthier way emerging and learn to follow it steadily to live out our best life. Dr. Andy helps individuals maximize their chances of identifying and maintaining this new path by addressing unresolved trauma, addiction, and any other emotional obstacles that stand in the way of a fulfilling life. Contact him now to get started again. You're worth it.
Learning to live a healthy and satisfying life often requires that we pause and reflect about the path we have been on. With the tools of awareness, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness, we can see a new, healthier way emerging and learn to follow it steadily to live out our best life. Dr. Andy helps individuals maximize their chances of identifying and maintaining this new path by addressing unresolved trauma, addiction, and any other emotional obstacles that stand in the way of a fulfilling life. Contact him now to get started again. You're worth it.
(954) 613-8582 View (954) 613-8582
Photo of Jimmy Powers - Ignite Recovery Center , Treatment Center
Ignite Recovery Center
Treatment Center
Lauderdale Lakes, FL 33313
It is our mission at Ignite Recovery Center to provide a safe therapeutic environment in which patients have the ability to achieve sustainable, long-term recovery. We aim to ensure this through accountability, compassionate care along with our commitment to innovation. The goal is to facilitate positive, lasting change to secure a purpose driven, high quality of life.
It is our mission at Ignite Recovery Center to provide a safe therapeutic environment in which patients have the ability to achieve sustainable, long-term recovery. We aim to ensure this through accountability, compassionate care along with our commitment to innovation. The goal is to facilitate positive, lasting change to secure a purpose driven, high quality of life.
(954) 231-4145 View (954) 231-4145
Photo of Craig Kramer - Craig Kramer, Treatment Center
Craig Kramer
Treatment Center
1 Endorsed
Pembroke Pines, FL 33025
I work with children, adolescents, families, and adults who are navigating a range of emotional, relational, and life challenges. Clients often come struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, relationship stress, and transitions in life. Many experience the lingering effects of loss, disappointment, and unmet expectations, which can lead to feelings of shame, guilt, regret, and passivity. They need a safe, thoughtful space where their experiences are taken seriously and explored with care.
I work with children, adolescents, families, and adults who are navigating a range of emotional, relational, and life challenges. Clients often come struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, relationship stress, and transitions in life. Many experience the lingering effects of loss, disappointment, and unmet expectations, which can lead to feelings of shame, guilt, regret, and passivity. They need a safe, thoughtful space where their experiences are taken seriously and explored with care.
(954) 880-3308 View (954) 880-3308
Photo of Tyler Huscher - 1st Step Behavioral Health, Treatment Center
1st Step Behavioral Health
Treatment Center
Pompano Beach, FL 33069
At 1st Step, the primary focus of our drug and alcohol rehab is meeting each individual in the present moment to guide them along their journey of recovery. Making the decision to find help with an alcohol or drug rehab isn't the kind of decision anyone necessarily makes enthusiastically. Some people can experience relief or a sense of freedom in realizing they need help with substance abuse, but many will have complex ideas and feelings about confronting their problems. 1st Step Behavioral Health is dedicated to helping people on an individual basis, discover for themselves the steps they will need to take to achieve a lasting change. If you or your loved one is suffering from addiction, or any co-occurring mental health conditions, we invite you to call today.
At 1st Step, the primary focus of our drug and alcohol rehab is meeting each individual in the present moment to guide them along their journey of recovery. Making the decision to find help with an alcohol or drug rehab isn't the kind of decision anyone necessarily makes enthusiastically. Some people can experience relief or a sense of freedom in realizing they need help with substance abuse, but many will have complex ideas and feelings about confronting their problems. 1st Step Behavioral Health is dedicated to helping people on an individual basis, discover for themselves the steps they will need to take to achieve a lasting change. If you or your loved one is suffering from addiction, or any co-occurring mental health conditions, we invite you to call today.
(855) 659-4996 View (855) 659-4996
Photo of Dustin Johnson - Principles Recovery Center, Treatment Center
Principles Recovery Center
Treatment Center
Davie, FL 33314
Principles Recovery Center was founded by a family that was devastated by struggles with mental health and addiction. We understand mental health's impact on the individual as well as their family so we feel it's imperative to bring patients into a supportive, but firm environment. Our facility is small as we believe the smaller the classroom the higher the potential for learning. The best way to truly experience what we can do is to give us a call- you will speak to one of us not a call center. Free consultations for Mental Health or Substance Abuse Consultations Today.
Principles Recovery Center was founded by a family that was devastated by struggles with mental health and addiction. We understand mental health's impact on the individual as well as their family so we feel it's imperative to bring patients into a supportive, but firm environment. Our facility is small as we believe the smaller the classroom the higher the potential for learning. The best way to truly experience what we can do is to give us a call- you will speak to one of us not a call center. Free consultations for Mental Health or Substance Abuse Consultations Today.
(754) 219-3212 View (754) 219-3212

See more therapy options for Broward County

FAQs - About Treatment Centers and Rehab

How can I find a treatment center in Broward County?

The Psychology Today Directory has customizable search options that show potential treatment centers tailored to your location, including inpatient or outpatient, the types of insurance accepted, and even the programs the center specializes in. Finding the right treatment center can be vitally important, and the dropdown filters make it easier to find the best fit for you or your loved one.

How do treatment centers work?

There are treatment centers for individuals dealing with psychiatric issues as well as for those dealing with substance use or addiction, or who are dealing with both, also known as co-occurring disorders. The type of program that is right for an individual depends on their medical and mental health history, the severity of the issues they are dealing with, as well as their treatment goals. Individuals using the directory can filter to find a center best-suited to them based on their gender, the issues they are facing, such as addiction or a mental health condition, or the type of treatments they are seeking.

What is the difference between inpatient and outpatient treatments?

In an inpatient or residential treatment program, individuals receive treatment while living in a facility and have 24/7 access to care by medical professionals. There are various forms of outpatient treatment that offer different levels of care, including Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOPs) and Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHPs). PHPs tend to offer more time-intensive, supervised care than IOPs. Aftercare is another option that offers ongoing treatment for an individual recovering from substance use or addiction after they have achieved initial sobriety, which can take the form of either an inpatient or outpatient program.

How long is rehab?

Short term treatment usually lasts less than 30 days, while long term programs can last 60 days, 90 days, or longer, depending on the needs and goals of the individual and the structure of the program. Individuals searching for a treatment program in the directory can filter results by duration.

How much does rehab cost?

The price of treatment varies according to the length and type of service you search for, such as detox treatment, residential treatment, or outpatient treatment, as well as location and amenities offered. Non-profit centers are typically less expensive than private centers, but may have longer wait lists. Using the filters on the Psychology Today Treatment Center Directory can help narrow down which centers accept insurance plans, and, if so, which ones.

Does insurance cover rehab?

Health insurance typically covers rehab, but the extent of coverage depends on the particular policy, the treatment provider, and the needs of the individual. Individuals are encouraged to check with their insurance providers prior to entering a treatment program. Once you have confirmed coverage, you can use the Insurance filter on the Psychology Today Treatment Center Directory to find and contact centers that accept your insurance.

How do you get someone who refuses treatment into rehab?

It is important to convey compassion and understanding toward an individual dealing with an addiction problem. If a person refuses treatment at first, it’s important for their loved ones to continue to express their concerns in a kind and respectful manner, and to periodically encourage them to get help. It can take time for someone dealing with addiction to gain the motivation to make a change. In the meantime, it can be helpful for loved ones to set boundaries with the individual and educate themselves on the many treatment options that exist in order to have more informed conversations regarding recovery.