Therapists in Carlsbad, CA

Photo of Ruth Yong, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Carlsbad, CA
Ruth Yong
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008  (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Ruth with Diaspora Therapy Group. As a therapist, I am passionate about creating an inclusive and healing environment for individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds. I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship where clients can feel seen, heard, and understood. I provide support to clients facing a wide range of challenges, including exploring and reconciling their cultural identity, navigating challenging systemic barriers, exploring gender and sexual identity, developing effective stress management strategies, and healing from past traumas.
Welcome! My name is Ruth with Diaspora Therapy Group. As a therapist, I am passionate about creating an inclusive and healing environment for individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds. I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship where clients can feel seen, heard, and understood. I provide support to clients facing a wide range of challenges, including exploring and reconciling their cultural identity, navigating challenging systemic barriers, exploring gender and sexual identity, developing effective stress management strategies, and healing from past traumas.
(619) 848-3458 View (619) 848-3458
Photo of Sterling Funk, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Sterling Funk
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Taking the plunge and getting into therapy is the first step in trying to change the direction of your life. If you are struggling with life decisions, or recently gone through some difficult life changes and are challenged by anxiety, depression, motivation, self-esteem, or religious paradigm changes, you are not alone.
Taking the plunge and getting into therapy is the first step in trying to change the direction of your life. If you are struggling with life decisions, or recently gone through some difficult life changes and are challenged by anxiety, depression, motivation, self-esteem, or religious paradigm changes, you are not alone.
(442) 249-8787 View (442) 249-8787
Photo of Whitney O'Malley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Whitney O'Malley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My goal is to support my clients through life's greatest challenges, providing new insight, skills and emotional tools to help them make choices they're proud of and live more authentically. I provide a non-judgmental and accepting environment for individual adults and teens to increase self-awareness and find new strategies to cope with difficult emotions. I specialize in anxiety, depression, relationship issues, family conflict, low self-esteem, stress management and anger management. I help people through professional challenges, trauma, loss, substance abuse, and feelings of inadequacy or stagnation.
My goal is to support my clients through life's greatest challenges, providing new insight, skills and emotional tools to help them make choices they're proud of and live more authentically. I provide a non-judgmental and accepting environment for individual adults and teens to increase self-awareness and find new strategies to cope with difficult emotions. I specialize in anxiety, depression, relationship issues, family conflict, low self-esteem, stress management and anger management. I help people through professional challenges, trauma, loss, substance abuse, and feelings of inadequacy or stagnation.
(424) 396-1378 View (424) 396-1378
Photo of BondFire Project Trauma-Informed Group Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
BondFire Project Trauma-Informed Group Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008  (Online Only)
We work best with military, veterans, first responders and those "raging against the dying of the light" to work with both the individual and their partners relationship in group settings. Being a 12-Year Military Veteran and First Responder we understand how the military community prides itself on its closeness and camaraderie — its strength in numbers. But Veterans transitioning into civilian life after military service may be surprised to find themselves without the system of support that they have come to know and rely on. This thing we do so others may live, love, work and play well. Joe Whitcomb, PsyDc, LMFT AF Veteran
We work best with military, veterans, first responders and those "raging against the dying of the light" to work with both the individual and their partners relationship in group settings. Being a 12-Year Military Veteran and First Responder we understand how the military community prides itself on its closeness and camaraderie — its strength in numbers. But Veterans transitioning into civilian life after military service may be surprised to find themselves without the system of support that they have come to know and rely on. This thing we do so others may live, love, work and play well. Joe Whitcomb, PsyDc, LMFT AF Veteran
(442) 200-0567 View (442) 200-0567
Photo of Sean Kelley, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Carlsbad, CA
Sean Kelley
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
It is my belief that all individuals innately have the capability to enact the changes they would like to see in their lives. Yet too often in my work have outside forces taken a strong hold on the individuals locus of control. My role is to support my client with providing perspective and encouragement, in order to understand how to go about that enactment. Every person has the ability to rise to their challenges. At first it might not seem so because of whatever internal and/or external barriers they have encountered however I firmly believe each client is the hero of their own story and they will overcome their challenges.
It is my belief that all individuals innately have the capability to enact the changes they would like to see in their lives. Yet too often in my work have outside forces taken a strong hold on the individuals locus of control. My role is to support my client with providing perspective and encouragement, in order to understand how to go about that enactment. Every person has the ability to rise to their challenges. At first it might not seem so because of whatever internal and/or external barriers they have encountered however I firmly believe each client is the hero of their own story and they will overcome their challenges.
(442) 233-6058 View (442) 233-6058
Photo of Michele La Porte Downey, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Michele La Porte Downey
Marriage & Family Therapist, RN, MAC, LMFT, Master, Life
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92011  (Online Only)
I offer a unique outpatient program. I specialize in treating families that have been or are affected by Mood Disorders and Addictions. Assisting in understanding the system of healthcare today, I can educate people in their understanding of how to get the best treatment for themselves or their loved one. I use a 12 step based approach and am unique in that my entire practice is primarily intervention based. I have several price points for individual programs for families that are unique. I also have regular, ongoing recovery group therapy along with individual, couples, family and marriage therapy. Visit www.micheledowney.com.
I offer a unique outpatient program. I specialize in treating families that have been or are affected by Mood Disorders and Addictions. Assisting in understanding the system of healthcare today, I can educate people in their understanding of how to get the best treatment for themselves or their loved one. I use a 12 step based approach and am unique in that my entire practice is primarily intervention based. I have several price points for individual programs for families that are unique. I also have regular, ongoing recovery group therapy along with individual, couples, family and marriage therapy. Visit www.micheledowney.com.
(760) 203-4463 View (760) 203-4463
Photo of Anita Griffie, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Carlsbad, CA
Anita Griffie
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Have you hit a hard place in your life or in a relationship? My desire is to provide a respectful and supportive space to help you process your challenges and help you take steps to move forward. We work together to help you gain new skills, identify strengths, and create lasting change.
Have you hit a hard place in your life or in a relationship? My desire is to provide a respectful and supportive space to help you process your challenges and help you take steps to move forward. We work together to help you gain new skills, identify strengths, and create lasting change.
(760) 316-6873 View (760) 316-6873
Photo of Susannah Flaherty, Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Susannah Flaherty
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92010
My life has been full of diverse experiences in the U.S. and abroad, leaving me with a deep appreciation for human differences. It is an honor to have individuals share their struggles with me and trust me to offer support and tools for managing mood, anxiety, relationships, and professional/academic challenges. I approach sensitive topics in psychotherapy with a compassionate, thoughtful, exploratory, and collaborative approach. I hope to help clients strengthen their resilience and learn about themselves, even through the darkest of times.
My life has been full of diverse experiences in the U.S. and abroad, leaving me with a deep appreciation for human differences. It is an honor to have individuals share their struggles with me and trust me to offer support and tools for managing mood, anxiety, relationships, and professional/academic challenges. I approach sensitive topics in psychotherapy with a compassionate, thoughtful, exploratory, and collaborative approach. I hope to help clients strengthen their resilience and learn about themselves, even through the darkest of times.
(617) 393-5449 View (617) 393-5449
Photo of Cyndie Claypool de Neve, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Cyndie Claypool de Neve
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CCTP
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Do your emotions feel overwhelming? Has anxiety or fear gripped your heart? Does daily life feel exhausting? Or do you crave better connections in your relationships? Cyndie Claypool de Neve, LMFT, is an author, speaker and therapist who wants to help you, your child and/or your family be the best version of yourselves. Cyndie comes from an empathetic, strength-based approach, weaving in personality insights and personalized coping skills to help increase a sense of peace and clarity, as she gently looks at past hurts and trauma to bring healing to the present and hope to the future.
Do your emotions feel overwhelming? Has anxiety or fear gripped your heart? Does daily life feel exhausting? Or do you crave better connections in your relationships? Cyndie Claypool de Neve, LMFT, is an author, speaker and therapist who wants to help you, your child and/or your family be the best version of yourselves. Cyndie comes from an empathetic, strength-based approach, weaving in personality insights and personalized coping skills to help increase a sense of peace and clarity, as she gently looks at past hurts and trauma to bring healing to the present and hope to the future.
(442) 239-4987 View (442) 239-4987
Photo of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
As a board certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) by the Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies with extensive training at the Beck Institute, we will work with you to establish attainable goals, teach you how to use specific tools and gain the skills necessary to achieve and maintain your goals.
As a board certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) by the Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies with extensive training at the Beck Institute, we will work with you to establish attainable goals, teach you how to use specific tools and gain the skills necessary to achieve and maintain your goals.
(760) 933-9601 View (760) 933-9601
Photo of Shannon Doty, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Shannon Doty
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92011
I truly enjoy connecting with people, hearing their stories, and helping others find inner peace and balance in life. My role as your therapist is to help shed light on your strengths and resilience as you discover the empowerment that comes with sharing your story, exploring perspectives and creating your own path to move forward. The most important relationship you can invest in is the one you have with yourself. As a therapist, I understand that everyone’s experience of this world is different, and it is my intention to remain curious, open, and understanding of your experience of the world and the impact you can have.
I truly enjoy connecting with people, hearing their stories, and helping others find inner peace and balance in life. My role as your therapist is to help shed light on your strengths and resilience as you discover the empowerment that comes with sharing your story, exploring perspectives and creating your own path to move forward. The most important relationship you can invest in is the one you have with yourself. As a therapist, I understand that everyone’s experience of this world is different, and it is my intention to remain curious, open, and understanding of your experience of the world and the impact you can have.
(760) 465-0202 View (760) 465-0202
Photo of Emily Morgan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Emily Morgan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92011  (Online Only)
Are you an adult who hasn't fully gotten over how you were treated as a child? Do you keep repeating the same negative relationship patterns or have negative beliefs about your worth? Are you overcome with sadness about the childhood you should have had and feel that you weren't given a "voice" or "choice" as a child? Have you experienced emotional neglect and/or feel that you weren't emotionally cared for as a child? Are you having difficulty navigating your adult relationship(s) with one or more of your parents because of how they treated you or because they are emotionally immature? If any of these feel true to you, I can help.
Are you an adult who hasn't fully gotten over how you were treated as a child? Do you keep repeating the same negative relationship patterns or have negative beliefs about your worth? Are you overcome with sadness about the childhood you should have had and feel that you weren't given a "voice" or "choice" as a child? Have you experienced emotional neglect and/or feel that you weren't emotionally cared for as a child? Are you having difficulty navigating your adult relationship(s) with one or more of your parents because of how they treated you or because they are emotionally immature? If any of these feel true to you, I can help.
(760) 309-3341 View (760) 309-3341
Photo of Renee Miles LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Renee Miles LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92011  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As your therapist, my primary goal is for you to feel safe and comfortable in an environment where you feel valued and understood. I have a warm, honest and empathic approach with my clients and believe that every person has the ability to heal and reach their true potential in life. My approach is eclectic, believing that every person is unique with their own life experiences and perceptions. It is for this reason that your experience in therapy will be tailored to your needs so that you can reach your goals in a supportive, nurturing environment.
As your therapist, my primary goal is for you to feel safe and comfortable in an environment where you feel valued and understood. I have a warm, honest and empathic approach with my clients and believe that every person has the ability to heal and reach their true potential in life. My approach is eclectic, believing that every person is unique with their own life experiences and perceptions. It is for this reason that your experience in therapy will be tailored to your needs so that you can reach your goals in a supportive, nurturing environment.
(760) 659-7833 View (760) 659-7833
Photo of Wholeness Collective Therapy Group, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Wholeness Collective Therapy Group
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
We are Wholeness Collective Therapy Group, a boutique therapy center located in Carlsbad Village, California, offering holistic psychotherapy services both virtually and in-person. We specialize in a type of trauma therapy called EMDR. More information can be found on our website: www.wholenesscollectivetherapy.com
We are Wholeness Collective Therapy Group, a boutique therapy center located in Carlsbad Village, California, offering holistic psychotherapy services both virtually and in-person. We specialize in a type of trauma therapy called EMDR. More information can be found on our website: www.wholenesscollectivetherapy.com
(760) 790-4031 View (760) 790-4031
Photo of Michelle Horton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Michelle Horton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
You are determined, smart and used to navigating challenges but living life in a pandemic in addition to all the personal stressors is weighing on you. Normally you could handle this yourself or push the worry away but bigger questions are arising and you are left feeling overwhelmed, lost in ambivalence, stressed, and not sure what can help. You feel like your dreams and what you have worked for are slipping away and it's impacting your life & relationships. This may be triggering lots of painful or scary feelings, memories from your past, not feeling like yourself or the idea that now is the time to make real change.
You are determined, smart and used to navigating challenges but living life in a pandemic in addition to all the personal stressors is weighing on you. Normally you could handle this yourself or push the worry away but bigger questions are arising and you are left feeling overwhelmed, lost in ambivalence, stressed, and not sure what can help. You feel like your dreams and what you have worked for are slipping away and it's impacting your life & relationships. This may be triggering lots of painful or scary feelings, memories from your past, not feeling like yourself or the idea that now is the time to make real change.
(760) 292-9109 View (760) 292-9109
Photo of Kathy O'Fallon, Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Kathy O'Fallon
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Waitlist for new clients
I've been in practice for many years, in both medical clinics and private practice settings, so I have treated all kinds of issues. Psychotherapy is a deeply personal and intimate experience, and I value the privilege of being a part of a person's commitment to change. Areas of advanced training include but are not limited to Brainspotting, the quick pulse (by Jo Dunning), codependence and abuse recovery, emotional freedom technique, Matrix Reimprinting, cognitive and psychodynamic psychotherapy, poetry therapy, marital and family therapy, sexual therapy, focused mindfulness, quantum entrainment, and spiritually focused therapy.
I've been in practice for many years, in both medical clinics and private practice settings, so I have treated all kinds of issues. Psychotherapy is a deeply personal and intimate experience, and I value the privilege of being a part of a person's commitment to change. Areas of advanced training include but are not limited to Brainspotting, the quick pulse (by Jo Dunning), codependence and abuse recovery, emotional freedom technique, Matrix Reimprinting, cognitive and psychodynamic psychotherapy, poetry therapy, marital and family therapy, sexual therapy, focused mindfulness, quantum entrainment, and spiritually focused therapy.
(909) 570-1795 View (909) 570-1795
Photo of Fernando Garcia, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Fernando Garcia
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92011  (Online Only)
My therapeutic approach has been mainly trauma-focused. I have experience working with severe symptoms in clinical and group settings, I have experience leading both PHP and IOP groups for adolescents and adults in which we followed an evidence-based program. The program included meditation, art therapy, drum therapy, and yoga in addition to group therapy. I often use principles of Dialectal Behavioral Therapy (DBT), especially the focus on distress tolerance to help with teaching patients and clients skills to manage stress in intense situations.
My therapeutic approach has been mainly trauma-focused. I have experience working with severe symptoms in clinical and group settings, I have experience leading both PHP and IOP groups for adolescents and adults in which we followed an evidence-based program. The program included meditation, art therapy, drum therapy, and yoga in addition to group therapy. I often use principles of Dialectal Behavioral Therapy (DBT), especially the focus on distress tolerance to help with teaching patients and clients skills to manage stress in intense situations.
(424) 677-0934 View (424) 677-0934
Photo of Melody Nazari, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Carlsbad, CA
Melody Nazari
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Our quality of life is experienced through emotions and relationships. The art of living authentically and the healing power of connection are at the heart of my therapeutic philosophy. I honor the unique experiences and identities of each individual, providing a space that is nonjudgmental and founded on unconditional positive regard. I aim to create a warm, accepting space where you can feel safe being your most genuine self. In our sessions, you can expect a compassionate environment where I will meet you where you are at in your healing process and help you achieve your personal goals.
Our quality of life is experienced through emotions and relationships. The art of living authentically and the healing power of connection are at the heart of my therapeutic philosophy. I honor the unique experiences and identities of each individual, providing a space that is nonjudgmental and founded on unconditional positive regard. I aim to create a warm, accepting space where you can feel safe being your most genuine self. In our sessions, you can expect a compassionate environment where I will meet you where you are at in your healing process and help you achieve your personal goals.
(442) 276-3807 View (442) 276-3807
Photo of James L Sinclair, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
James L Sinclair
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
I use a humanistic, client-centered approach to really listen and understand what is going on in the lives of each of my clients. Clients may present with depression, anxiety, addictions or anger issues. Any of these may stem from a variety of stressors; difficulties at work, or issues with friends or family. As we mature, we need to play new roles in life; as an employee or manager, as a spouse, becoming a parent, children leaving home, divorcing, parents aging or, as our children have families of their own, learning yet another role to play.
I use a humanistic, client-centered approach to really listen and understand what is going on in the lives of each of my clients. Clients may present with depression, anxiety, addictions or anger issues. Any of these may stem from a variety of stressors; difficulties at work, or issues with friends or family. As we mature, we need to play new roles in life; as an employee or manager, as a spouse, becoming a parent, children leaving home, divorcing, parents aging or, as our children have families of their own, learning yet another role to play.
(760) 659-7519 View (760) 659-7519
Photo of Robert Bastanfar, Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Robert Bastanfar
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92010  (Online Only)
I am a licensed psychologist who wants to help you live a meaningful and valued life. I will help you devise a plan of action for personal change by working with you attentively, compassionately, and purposefully. Learn more effective methods for coping, gaining insight, taking committed action to end suffering, and living a more genuine life. Difficulties such as depression and anxiety are common and you are not alone; let me help you find a better way.
I am a licensed psychologist who wants to help you live a meaningful and valued life. I will help you devise a plan of action for personal change by working with you attentively, compassionately, and purposefully. Learn more effective methods for coping, gaining insight, taking committed action to end suffering, and living a more genuine life. Difficulties such as depression and anxiety are common and you are not alone; let me help you find a better way.
(517) 565-0184 View (517) 565-0184

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Carlsbad, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Carlsbad, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
64% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aetna
58% Cigna and Evernorth
50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Carlsbad, CA see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Carlsbad?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.