Therapists in Santa Cruz, CA

Photo of Melissa Virostko, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Virostko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95062
I feel strongly that we have the capacity to heal and thrive within the context of safe relationships. For this reason, I am passionate about offering therapeutic services to assist in exploring strengths, gifts, and complex challenges. At this time I work with adults and adolescents seeking therapy for a range of issues including relationship challenges, depression, anxiety, trauma, and parenting.
I feel strongly that we have the capacity to heal and thrive within the context of safe relationships. For this reason, I am passionate about offering therapeutic services to assist in exploring strengths, gifts, and complex challenges. At this time I work with adults and adolescents seeking therapy for a range of issues including relationship challenges, depression, anxiety, trauma, and parenting.
(510) 629-5745 View (510) 629-5745
Photo of Helen Giffrow, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Helen Giffrow
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060  (Online Only)
These are turbulent times that place an extra burden on our mental health. In addition, perhaps you're in a role of caring for others and struggle to find enough time for yourself, or you're in the midst of a challenging life event or transition. You may be experiencing some symptoms that concern you. Stress, anxiety, depression, loss, or unresolved trauma can interfere with moving forward and put stress on our relationships. In my role as your witness and collaborator, I offer a comfortable and safe space for you to process, problem solve, and explore ways to re-connect with your own internal wisdom.
These are turbulent times that place an extra burden on our mental health. In addition, perhaps you're in a role of caring for others and struggle to find enough time for yourself, or you're in the midst of a challenging life event or transition. You may be experiencing some symptoms that concern you. Stress, anxiety, depression, loss, or unresolved trauma can interfere with moving forward and put stress on our relationships. In my role as your witness and collaborator, I offer a comfortable and safe space for you to process, problem solve, and explore ways to re-connect with your own internal wisdom.
(831) 201-1319 View (831) 201-1319
Photo of Marlon A Guarino, MA, LMFT, CCHT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marlon A Guarino
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CCHT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95060  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you stuck in patterns of fears, confusion, indecision, or painful relationships? This stuckness and suffering hinder you from accessing the empowered, expansive, creative, organic self within; this essential part of you wants to express the unique gift that you are, and the gifts you bring to the world. Imagine beyond your struggles or limitations to become who you are truly meant to be, being more authentic, having more fulfilling relationships and manifesting your passions. Whether you are looking for further understanding, or personal tools or deeper change, I am here to support your journey.
Are you stuck in patterns of fears, confusion, indecision, or painful relationships? This stuckness and suffering hinder you from accessing the empowered, expansive, creative, organic self within; this essential part of you wants to express the unique gift that you are, and the gifts you bring to the world. Imagine beyond your struggles or limitations to become who you are truly meant to be, being more authentic, having more fulfilling relationships and manifesting your passions. Whether you are looking for further understanding, or personal tools or deeper change, I am here to support your journey.
(831) 272-0611 View (831) 272-0611
Photo of Cari Browning, RN, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cari Browning
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, RN, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060  (Online Only)
Do you feel stressed out, exhausted, and have difficulty keeping up with daily life, even though you are trying your absolute best? Maybe anxiety is holding you back and making your world smaller. Or perhaps, you've noticed patterns in your life and relationships (challenging emotions, numbness, avoidance, people pleasing), and you wonder why you respond and feel the way you do. You are tired of living like this and are ready to create a positive change, but you don’t know where to begin. I get it & you are not alone.
Do you feel stressed out, exhausted, and have difficulty keeping up with daily life, even though you are trying your absolute best? Maybe anxiety is holding you back and making your world smaller. Or perhaps, you've noticed patterns in your life and relationships (challenging emotions, numbness, avoidance, people pleasing), and you wonder why you respond and feel the way you do. You are tired of living like this and are ready to create a positive change, but you don’t know where to begin. I get it & you are not alone.
(831) 257-0161 View (831) 257-0161
Photo of Rebecca Roth, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rebecca Roth
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Sometimes life presents us with difficult, painful, or even seemingly unbearable challenges. Sometimes we, ourselves, can be a source of the pain and challenges. Either way, we must be able to access our resources -- inner and outer -- to cope with the pain, the imbalance, the overwhelm, the stuckness ... and, ultimately, to learn, heal, and grow from our experiences..... My job is to help you best utilize resources you already have and to offer you more tools to help you change undesirable patterns in yourself and your life.
Sometimes life presents us with difficult, painful, or even seemingly unbearable challenges. Sometimes we, ourselves, can be a source of the pain and challenges. Either way, we must be able to access our resources -- inner and outer -- to cope with the pain, the imbalance, the overwhelm, the stuckness ... and, ultimately, to learn, heal, and grow from our experiences..... My job is to help you best utilize resources you already have and to offer you more tools to help you change undesirable patterns in yourself and your life.
(831) 272-4989 View (831) 272-4989
Photo of Eva Rider - Eva Rider ReclaimingSoul  Jungian Depth Psychology, MA, LMFT, CHT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eva Rider ReclaimingSoul Jungian Depth Psychology
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CHT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Working beyond Ego therapy, A Jungian depth psycho-spiritual lens offers a , a map to personal soul growth. With 30 years of experience, I offer both In Person and Online Teletherapy options for individuals in soul exploration, grief, depression, trauma. I specialize in dreamwork, astrology, alchemy, creativity and somatic integration. I trained extensively in Marion Woodman's BodySoul Rhythms, Hypnotherapy, TRE (Trauma Releasing), SoulCollage. With 40 years of esoteric systems study and 27 years licensed in psychotherapy, I teach and present at Jungian Groups, Graduate Institutes and internationally and online.
Working beyond Ego therapy, A Jungian depth psycho-spiritual lens offers a , a map to personal soul growth. With 30 years of experience, I offer both In Person and Online Teletherapy options for individuals in soul exploration, grief, depression, trauma. I specialize in dreamwork, astrology, alchemy, creativity and somatic integration. I trained extensively in Marion Woodman's BodySoul Rhythms, Hypnotherapy, TRE (Trauma Releasing), SoulCollage. With 40 years of esoteric systems study and 27 years licensed in psychotherapy, I teach and present at Jungian Groups, Graduate Institutes and internationally and online.
(831) 531-8664 View (831) 531-8664
Photo of Jasmine De Alba, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jasmine De Alba
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Hi there! My name is Jasmine De Alba and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in California. I've been providing therapy services to individuals for years, working in various settings like universities, hospitals, and community clinics. My current focus is on supporting adults who are going through different life transitions and exploring new life goals. I'm happy to offer my services via telehealth to clients all across the state. Let me know if you have any questions or would like to schedule a session!
Hi there! My name is Jasmine De Alba and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in California. I've been providing therapy services to individuals for years, working in various settings like universities, hospitals, and community clinics. My current focus is on supporting adults who are going through different life transitions and exploring new life goals. I'm happy to offer my services via telehealth to clients all across the state. Let me know if you have any questions or would like to schedule a session!
(831) 432-7557 View (831) 432-7557
Photo of Maura Furness, LCSW, PPSC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maura Furness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PPSC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95062  (Online Only)
I have a straight forward, strength-based, humanistic approach to working with my clients. I believe you have inherent strengths and transformational healing abilities no matter how much pain or suffering you may experience. My goal is to support you to discover and harness these abilities to access healing, freedom from suffering, and a deeper inner knowing.
I have a straight forward, strength-based, humanistic approach to working with my clients. I believe you have inherent strengths and transformational healing abilities no matter how much pain or suffering you may experience. My goal is to support you to discover and harness these abilities to access healing, freedom from suffering, and a deeper inner knowing.
(831) 292-4298 View (831) 292-4298
Photo of Ryan Schindler, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Ryan Schindler
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Ryan approaches each session with warmth, genuineness, and empathy. He believes in meeting each individual where they are and creating an environment that is built on trust, safety, and a strong, caring relationship. Therapy with Ryan is a safe and comprehensive exploration into one’s life that focuses on growth, evolution, insight, awareness, and understanding. Therapy with Ryan is a space that allows one to unfold and make sense of life’s complexities, resulting in a life and a way of being that feels authentic and meaningful.
Ryan approaches each session with warmth, genuineness, and empathy. He believes in meeting each individual where they are and creating an environment that is built on trust, safety, and a strong, caring relationship. Therapy with Ryan is a safe and comprehensive exploration into one’s life that focuses on growth, evolution, insight, awareness, and understanding. Therapy with Ryan is a space that allows one to unfold and make sense of life’s complexities, resulting in a life and a way of being that feels authentic and meaningful.
(831) 534-9773 View (831) 534-9773
Photo of Dana Ingersoll, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dana Ingersoll
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
You hope that life can be better than this. Your ways of coping and controlling things in your life seem to be failing. You may feel like you're about to fall apart. Support from your friends and family aren’t enough. You need help to manage the overwhelm and make some big changes. I’m here for you. We’re going to drop in and get real about what’s really going on, in all of the layers. We’ll explore what compels you to do what you’re doing. We’ll figure out how these habits help and hurt you and find healthier ways to manage your stress. If you're working on addictions, I often support the goal of moderate usage.
You hope that life can be better than this. Your ways of coping and controlling things in your life seem to be failing. You may feel like you're about to fall apart. Support from your friends and family aren’t enough. You need help to manage the overwhelm and make some big changes. I’m here for you. We’re going to drop in and get real about what’s really going on, in all of the layers. We’ll explore what compels you to do what you’re doing. We’ll figure out how these habits help and hurt you and find healthier ways to manage your stress. If you're working on addictions, I often support the goal of moderate usage.
(831) 604-2848 View (831) 604-2848
Photo of Julia Pinsky, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Julia Pinsky
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95062
I guide people in exploring challenges, discovering what means most, and effecting lasting change in their lives. I offer a safe relationship in which you can explore, discover, and grow. Therapy offers a way out of confusion, pain and suffering: it is absolutely possible to shift your thinking, your feelings, and relationship patterns and to feel more at ease in your own skin!
I guide people in exploring challenges, discovering what means most, and effecting lasting change in their lives. I offer a safe relationship in which you can explore, discover, and grow. Therapy offers a way out of confusion, pain and suffering: it is absolutely possible to shift your thinking, your feelings, and relationship patterns and to feel more at ease in your own skin!
(831) 222-0011 View (831) 222-0011
Photo of Rasa Tavangar - Holistic Psychotherapy with Rasa, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Holistic Psychotherapy with Rasa
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95062
Would you like to feel empowered and at ease with life and yourself? Whether you're going through life transition, having relationship problems, dealing with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma or looking for a deeper purpose in life, I would be honored to support you in your process of growth and healing. When the deepest parts of you get to be seen, held and accepted, it transforms into your light and strength. In this process you'll learn how to listen and trust your innate wisdom and guidance, you'll become resourceful, empowered and free to consciously create the life you want.
Would you like to feel empowered and at ease with life and yourself? Whether you're going through life transition, having relationship problems, dealing with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma or looking for a deeper purpose in life, I would be honored to support you in your process of growth and healing. When the deepest parts of you get to be seen, held and accepted, it transforms into your light and strength. In this process you'll learn how to listen and trust your innate wisdom and guidance, you'll become resourceful, empowered and free to consciously create the life you want.
(831) 610-7015 View (831) 610-7015
Photo of Elio Scudieri, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elio Scudieri
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Sometimes hurts get stacked on each other & we assemble a life that protects against the pain, so it doesn’t ever hurt like that again. But in that process of armoring ourselves, we build a structure that also limits our capacity to enjoy life. We each have a much more unconstrained life that wants us to live it. By knowing ourselves through discovery, we work to be accountable to our own position & condition in life, forgive ourselves & others, & create a life that rewards us for this beautiful & courageous effort. Sessions will likely include mindfulness, humor, creativity, compassion, empathy, accountability, & problem-solving.
Sometimes hurts get stacked on each other & we assemble a life that protects against the pain, so it doesn’t ever hurt like that again. But in that process of armoring ourselves, we build a structure that also limits our capacity to enjoy life. We each have a much more unconstrained life that wants us to live it. By knowing ourselves through discovery, we work to be accountable to our own position & condition in life, forgive ourselves & others, & create a life that rewards us for this beautiful & courageous effort. Sessions will likely include mindfulness, humor, creativity, compassion, empathy, accountability, & problem-solving.
(831) 298-8723 View (831) 298-8723
Photo of Karen L Binnings, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Karen L Binnings
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Are you concerned about your young child's changes in behaviors at home and school? Is your child possibly struggling with Anxiety or Sadness? Are you looking for professional support from a warm, child friendly, experienced professional? Are you concerned about your young child's changes in behaviors at home and school? Is your child possibly struggling with Anxiety of Sadness? Are you looking for professional support from a warm, child friendly, experienced professional?
Are you concerned about your young child's changes in behaviors at home and school? Is your child possibly struggling with Anxiety or Sadness? Are you looking for professional support from a warm, child friendly, experienced professional? Are you concerned about your young child's changes in behaviors at home and school? Is your child possibly struggling with Anxiety of Sadness? Are you looking for professional support from a warm, child friendly, experienced professional?
(831) 208-3543 View (831) 208-3543
Photo of Barbara Bailey-Porter, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Barbara Bailey-Porter
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060  (Online Only)
I look forward to helping you through compassion, acceptance, and non-judgmental support. I can help you experience peace, balance and harmony using Art Therapy and /or Internal Family Systems Therapy. Both therapeutic approaches are an effective way to access empowerment, self-confidence, decision making ability, relieve undesirable behavior/thoughts, and engage both sides of the brain so that you are fully present. It increases awareness of self and others and helps you experience success. I can help you shift and rebuild the way you think about the various aspects of your personality, feelings, thoughts, and behaviors.
I look forward to helping you through compassion, acceptance, and non-judgmental support. I can help you experience peace, balance and harmony using Art Therapy and /or Internal Family Systems Therapy. Both therapeutic approaches are an effective way to access empowerment, self-confidence, decision making ability, relieve undesirable behavior/thoughts, and engage both sides of the brain so that you are fully present. It increases awareness of self and others and helps you experience success. I can help you shift and rebuild the way you think about the various aspects of your personality, feelings, thoughts, and behaviors.
(831) 216-1296 View (831) 216-1296
Photo of John Mizelle, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
John Mizelle
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95062
Each of us has a deep, loving intelligence that seeks expression in the world. We also have survival strategies formed early in life that often limit and inhibit our later lives and relationships. In my work with individuals, couples, and families, we unmask these strategies, and access the loving wisdom that is the deepest, essential nature of all human beings. This shift arises naturally and radically re-orients our world view and behavior toward others and toward ourselves. It unleashes our capacity for joy and creativity, and offers the only place from which to have a true relationship with the world and with others.
Each of us has a deep, loving intelligence that seeks expression in the world. We also have survival strategies formed early in life that often limit and inhibit our later lives and relationships. In my work with individuals, couples, and families, we unmask these strategies, and access the loving wisdom that is the deepest, essential nature of all human beings. This shift arises naturally and radically re-orients our world view and behavior toward others and toward ourselves. It unleashes our capacity for joy and creativity, and offers the only place from which to have a true relationship with the world and with others.
(831) 713-2410 View (831) 713-2410
Photo of Nina Kelly, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nina Kelly
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95062
Having relationship issues? I am here to help! I am Level 2 Gottman Method Couples Certified. Let me evaluate your communication and share effective tools that will help your relationship to thrive!
Having relationship issues? I am here to help! I am Level 2 Gottman Method Couples Certified. Let me evaluate your communication and share effective tools that will help your relationship to thrive!
(415) 702-2489 View (415) 702-2489
Photo of Amara Santos, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Amara Santos
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
We are relational beings; it is in relation to others that we experience our wounding and our healing. The quality of our relationships across the lifespan shapes our experiences and influence our story, beginning with our family of origin, followed by friends and partners, along with cultural and societal constructs. How we make sense of our experiences impacts the way we move through the world, our perception of self and other, how we feel in our body, and how we become activated.
We are relational beings; it is in relation to others that we experience our wounding and our healing. The quality of our relationships across the lifespan shapes our experiences and influence our story, beginning with our family of origin, followed by friends and partners, along with cultural and societal constructs. How we make sense of our experiences impacts the way we move through the world, our perception of self and other, how we feel in our body, and how we become activated.
(831) 480-5539 View (831) 480-5539
Photo of Garret Conway, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Garret Conway
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
I view therapy as a collaboration where therapist and client work together to connect with an inner healing intelligence and unconditional positive regard within each of us. We can then tend to trauma, grief, resentments, and limiting beliefs that are contributing to symptoms. With humility and reverence for the resilience, courage and vulnerability it can take to heal ourselves, I create a nonjudgemental, kind and compassionate space with room for humor, absurdity and fun.
I view therapy as a collaboration where therapist and client work together to connect with an inner healing intelligence and unconditional positive regard within each of us. We can then tend to trauma, grief, resentments, and limiting beliefs that are contributing to symptoms. With humility and reverence for the resilience, courage and vulnerability it can take to heal ourselves, I create a nonjudgemental, kind and compassionate space with room for humor, absurdity and fun.
View
Photo of Inbal Yassur, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Inbal Yassur
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Cruz, CA 95062
I help adults who are overwhelmed by anxiety and depression and struggle with trauma, grief, and loss. Using mindfulness, self-compassion practices, CBT, and EMDR, I help them enhance their inner skills to navigate adversities and strengthen their capacity to stay grounded. Through our work together, my clients regain a sense of ease and inner peace and rediscover joy and meaning in their lives.
I help adults who are overwhelmed by anxiety and depression and struggle with trauma, grief, and loss. Using mindfulness, self-compassion practices, CBT, and EMDR, I help them enhance their inner skills to navigate adversities and strengthen their capacity to stay grounded. Through our work together, my clients regain a sense of ease and inner peace and rediscover joy and meaning in their lives.
(831) 292-4601 View (831) 292-4601
1
...

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Santa Cruz, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Santa Cruz, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
69% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

46% Aetna
42% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
39% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Santa Cruz, CA see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
17% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Santa Cruz?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.