Therapists in Tacoma, WA

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Photo of Joyce Moody, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Joyce Moody, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98409
I like people and enjoy getting to know and understand them. There are many ways we can get stuck or get weighed down in life issues. It is exciting for me to assist others in finding ways to get on with living. I believe this occurs when a client feels comfortable in the relationship with their therapist. As a therapist, my first task is to provide a safe environment for a person to experience themselves in new ways.
I like people and enjoy getting to know and understand them. There are many ways we can get stuck or get weighed down in life issues. It is exciting for me to assist others in finding ways to get on with living. I believe this occurs when a client feels comfortable in the relationship with their therapist. As a therapist, my first task is to provide a safe environment for a person to experience themselves in new ways.
(253) 243-3035 View (253) 243-3035
Photo of Elizabeth Marshall, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Elizabeth Marshall
Counselor, BSW, MFT, LMHC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98407  (Online Only)
It takes courage to ask for help. Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, loneliness, cPTSD, or trauma? Are you at a crossroads in life or feeling stuck? I specialize in helping people through these times to transitions to lead fulfilling lives. My approach is person centered and tailored to your unique needs and goals. Together, we will work to identify root causes and core beliefs. I'm skilled in EMDR, Brainspotting, DBT, TF-CBT, family systems, and Inner child work. I will teach you skills to decrease and overcome these symptoms. Together, we will increase emotional regulation and feelings of safety. Teens and parents love me!
It takes courage to ask for help. Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, loneliness, cPTSD, or trauma? Are you at a crossroads in life or feeling stuck? I specialize in helping people through these times to transitions to lead fulfilling lives. My approach is person centered and tailored to your unique needs and goals. Together, we will work to identify root causes and core beliefs. I'm skilled in EMDR, Brainspotting, DBT, TF-CBT, family systems, and Inner child work. I will teach you skills to decrease and overcome these symptoms. Together, we will increase emotional regulation and feelings of safety. Teens and parents love me!
(253) 262-0294 View (253) 262-0294
Photo of Brenna Scaringella, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Brenna Scaringella
Counselor, LMHC, MHP
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
Not accepting new clients
To decide and take the step toward seeking a counselor is an extremely difficult and courageous one, and here you are. Counseling to me is a collaborative and holistic process. I walk with you and help you to identify your challenges, and pain, as well as finding peace, relief, joy, pieces of you that may be lost and self acceptance. Life is difficult, as we all experience, and having a counselor on your side can assist you in finding your authentic self and reach your goals. Through life's many transitions, barriers, and successes, as as well as past trauma, I hope to help you in this.
To decide and take the step toward seeking a counselor is an extremely difficult and courageous one, and here you are. Counseling to me is a collaborative and holistic process. I walk with you and help you to identify your challenges, and pain, as well as finding peace, relief, joy, pieces of you that may be lost and self acceptance. Life is difficult, as we all experience, and having a counselor on your side can assist you in finding your authentic self and reach your goals. Through life's many transitions, barriers, and successes, as as well as past trauma, I hope to help you in this.
(253) 243-3720 View (253) 243-3720
Photo of Steven M Brown, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Steven M Brown
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
A responsible social practitioner, I provide psychological care, and services using American Sign Language (ASL). I work with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds, including various populations that encompass sign language users. My interests center on developing tailored, specific psychotherapy applications that benefit the patients with hearing losses. Much of my work places an emphasis on the importance of "courageous will" to empower individuals to make choices that are useful and practical.
A responsible social practitioner, I provide psychological care, and services using American Sign Language (ASL). I work with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds, including various populations that encompass sign language users. My interests center on developing tailored, specific psychotherapy applications that benefit the patients with hearing losses. Much of my work places an emphasis on the importance of "courageous will" to empower individuals to make choices that are useful and practical.
(253) 466-7490 View (253) 466-7490
Photo of Paul Johnson, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Paul Johnson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402
It takes a special kind of courage to ask for help. Whether we have had a hardship sneak up on us, or been wrestling with it for a lifetime, expressing out loud a need for assistance is an act of bravery. I have been working as mental health counselor and psychotherapist since 2014, and in that time I’ve been honored to witness these acts of bravery from adolescents, adults of all ages, and families. I believe that our experiences matter and are worth talking about.
It takes a special kind of courage to ask for help. Whether we have had a hardship sneak up on us, or been wrestling with it for a lifetime, expressing out loud a need for assistance is an act of bravery. I have been working as mental health counselor and psychotherapist since 2014, and in that time I’ve been honored to witness these acts of bravery from adolescents, adults of all ages, and families. I believe that our experiences matter and are worth talking about.
(253) 650-1658 View (253) 650-1658
Photo of Caitlin Wehrwood, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Caitlin Wehrwood
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
I believe every person is creative, worthy, and capable if given the right support and care. My clients are often queer or trans, many identify as disabled or chronically ill, and most of them have experienced trauma throughout their lives. Many of my clients also identify as neurodivergent and want to understand how to work with their brains more effectively without judgment. Most of my clients have been taught that their body-minds are inconvenient, shameful, or difficult.
I believe every person is creative, worthy, and capable if given the right support and care. My clients are often queer or trans, many identify as disabled or chronically ill, and most of them have experienced trauma throughout their lives. Many of my clients also identify as neurodivergent and want to understand how to work with their brains more effectively without judgment. Most of my clients have been taught that their body-minds are inconvenient, shameful, or difficult.
(206) 800-6791 View (206) 800-6791
Photo of Jennifer Croke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Jennifer Croke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98422
Preferred contact method is email, please check your junk for my reply! I feel so fortunate to have found a career that I love, and cherish! My practice came about in the form of an epiphany one day, as I sat on the AIDS unit in NYC as a volunteer. As I listened to a man share his story, I realized that he had not been celebrated for his many talents, but had been ostracized for having AIDS. I decided that my philosophy was going to be-"our differences are what make us beautiful, we should all be celebrated for our uniqueness." This is the philosophy I live by daily.
Preferred contact method is email, please check your junk for my reply! I feel so fortunate to have found a career that I love, and cherish! My practice came about in the form of an epiphany one day, as I sat on the AIDS unit in NYC as a volunteer. As I listened to a man share his story, I realized that he had not been celebrated for his many talents, but had been ostracized for having AIDS. I decided that my philosophy was going to be-"our differences are what make us beautiful, we should all be celebrated for our uniqueness." This is the philosophy I live by daily.
(253) 259-3202 View (253) 259-3202
Photo of Brittany Tillman, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Brittany Tillman
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98446
Welcome! I am so glad you are here. My primary focus as a licensed mental health counselor associate is on anxiety-related disorders, and I have worked extensively with clients facing a range of challenges, from generalized anxiety or specific phobias, to perfectionism or insecure attachment styles. I understand that each person's experience with anxiety is unique, and I tailor my therapeutic approach to meet individual needs. Whether that involves use of common evidence-based practices like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or traditional talk therapy, we will find what works best for you.
Welcome! I am so glad you are here. My primary focus as a licensed mental health counselor associate is on anxiety-related disorders, and I have worked extensively with clients facing a range of challenges, from generalized anxiety or specific phobias, to perfectionism or insecure attachment styles. I understand that each person's experience with anxiety is unique, and I tailor my therapeutic approach to meet individual needs. Whether that involves use of common evidence-based practices like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or traditional talk therapy, we will find what works best for you.
(509) 519-1420 View (509) 519-1420
Photo of Jenifer Nazarowski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Jenifer Nazarowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CMC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98444  (Online Only)
I take a ‘client-centered’ approach to therapy and believe therapy is a partnership between the client and the therapist. I take the time to build a trusting, mutually-respectful client/therapist relationship. I provide guidance and support for clients to reach their full potential and make their own choices based on what is best for them. I strive to honor God in all that I do, which includes helping his children along life’s journey. I incorporate spiritual themes, tailored to the client’s personal belief system.
I take a ‘client-centered’ approach to therapy and believe therapy is a partnership between the client and the therapist. I take the time to build a trusting, mutually-respectful client/therapist relationship. I provide guidance and support for clients to reach their full potential and make their own choices based on what is best for them. I strive to honor God in all that I do, which includes helping his children along life’s journey. I incorporate spiritual themes, tailored to the client’s personal belief system.
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Photo of Gaaren Anderson MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Gaaren Anderson MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, LMFT, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
We will not try to make you do what somebody else wants you to do. We start with your goals & find ways to help you develop the necessary skills. We have found that, if a person's individual wishes are not represented in the solution, it will not work in the long run. So there is a strong emphasis on helping each person take responsibility and control over their own happiness. Some things are better handled individually, and some things are better handled with both people in the room. Our unique blend of individual & couples therapy is quite effective.
We will not try to make you do what somebody else wants you to do. We start with your goals & find ways to help you develop the necessary skills. We have found that, if a person's individual wishes are not represented in the solution, it will not work in the long run. So there is a strong emphasis on helping each person take responsibility and control over their own happiness. Some things are better handled individually, and some things are better handled with both people in the room. Our unique blend of individual & couples therapy is quite effective.
(206) 745-0931 View (206) 745-0931
Photo of Donna Jacobs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Donna Jacobs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Donna, MSW Therapist and Wholistic Life Coach. I’m elated to serve you during your most vital transitions and help you succeed on the path that best suits your ability to live optimally. Life can be a challenge, I know. I am also aware that with every obstacle comes solutions that are viable for maintaining better outcomes. Particularly, there are times when we have to identify and examine uncomfortable behavioral patterns and dynamics that impede on our ability to function at our best. Confronting these limitations can often times feel like shame and guilt, and disassemble our ability to possess compassion for our process
Hi, I’m Donna, MSW Therapist and Wholistic Life Coach. I’m elated to serve you during your most vital transitions and help you succeed on the path that best suits your ability to live optimally. Life can be a challenge, I know. I am also aware that with every obstacle comes solutions that are viable for maintaining better outcomes. Particularly, there are times when we have to identify and examine uncomfortable behavioral patterns and dynamics that impede on our ability to function at our best. Confronting these limitations can often times feel like shame and guilt, and disassemble our ability to possess compassion for our process
(360) 502-4111 View (360) 502-4111
Photo of Melina A. Forbes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Melina A. Forbes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98446
I work well with individuals who are experiencing symptoms of ADHD, depression, anxiety, and loss of identity-particularly in response to major life transitions. I have special interest in the experiences of caregivers. My deepest desire is to support you as you explore your mind-body connection. Drawing on Internal Family Systems theory, I will orient you to your own unique somatic experience and compassionately guide you towards the agency that is your birthright.
I work well with individuals who are experiencing symptoms of ADHD, depression, anxiety, and loss of identity-particularly in response to major life transitions. I have special interest in the experiences of caregivers. My deepest desire is to support you as you explore your mind-body connection. Drawing on Internal Family Systems theory, I will orient you to your own unique somatic experience and compassionately guide you towards the agency that is your birthright.
(253) 364-1129 View (253) 364-1129
Photo of Hillary Flieder, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Hillary Flieder
Counselor
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98405
Hillary Flieder is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor Associate in Washington who has been practicing since 2023. She has a Master of Arts in Counseling. Hillary provides clients empathy while utilizing cognitive behavior therapy interventions, psychoeducation, grounding, and mindfulness skills. She works with individuals 18 and older. Many of her clients come in when they are struggling with self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. Hillary is particularly passionate about serving adults who struggle with PTSD and grief and loss.
Hillary Flieder is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor Associate in Washington who has been practicing since 2023. She has a Master of Arts in Counseling. Hillary provides clients empathy while utilizing cognitive behavior therapy interventions, psychoeducation, grounding, and mindfulness skills. She works with individuals 18 and older. Many of her clients come in when they are struggling with self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. Hillary is particularly passionate about serving adults who struggle with PTSD and grief and loss.
(253) 676-9334 View (253) 676-9334
Photo of Brittany Ellmer, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Brittany Ellmer
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Have you had experiences that have changed you? Are you wondering how you can heal? Let’s work together to find meaning in your suffering and heal the broken spaces within you. My aim is not to put a bandaid over your wound, let's get down to the roots. This enables us to really heal the wound, though you will be left with a scar. We'll explore the origin of your pain, see how this impacts you currently, and help you better understand your body’s response to adversity. We can also work to resolve common symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress that are so prevalent among us.
Have you had experiences that have changed you? Are you wondering how you can heal? Let’s work together to find meaning in your suffering and heal the broken spaces within you. My aim is not to put a bandaid over your wound, let's get down to the roots. This enables us to really heal the wound, though you will be left with a scar. We'll explore the origin of your pain, see how this impacts you currently, and help you better understand your body’s response to adversity. We can also work to resolve common symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress that are so prevalent among us.
(253) 262-0612 View (253) 262-0612
Photo of Renate Schultz, Psychologist in Tacoma, WA
Renate Schultz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98407
Waitlist for new clients
Often people come to therapy because they feel lost or stuck in their lives. They may sense that they are repeating patterns or facing the same struggles at work, in their homes, or in relationships without really knowing why or being able to imagine how things could be different.
Often people come to therapy because they feel lost or stuck in their lives. They may sense that they are repeating patterns or facing the same struggles at work, in their homes, or in relationships without really knowing why or being able to imagine how things could be different.
(707) 309-7641 View (707) 309-7641
Photo of Veronica Botsford, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Tacoma, WA
Veronica Botsford
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFTA, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98403  (Online Only)
Post-pandemic life is weird. Perhaps you find yourself wanting to do things, but can’t seem to motivate yourself to follow through. Maybe you're tired from doing too many things because you weren’t allowed to do anything fun for nearly three years. Perhaps the pandemic (or seeing "Barbie") has led you to question your relationship or even your identity... Whatever your situation, one thing for certain is that change is inevitable, and growth is optional. We can choose whether we want to lean into the changes around us, or resist them. If you are curious about how to lean in, talk therapy can help.
Post-pandemic life is weird. Perhaps you find yourself wanting to do things, but can’t seem to motivate yourself to follow through. Maybe you're tired from doing too many things because you weren’t allowed to do anything fun for nearly three years. Perhaps the pandemic (or seeing "Barbie") has led you to question your relationship or even your identity... Whatever your situation, one thing for certain is that change is inevitable, and growth is optional. We can choose whether we want to lean into the changes around us, or resist them. If you are curious about how to lean in, talk therapy can help.
(253) 264-0525 View (253) 264-0525
Photo of Psychological Health Consultants & Services, LLC, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Psychological Health Consultants & Services, LLC
Counselor, EdD, LMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98409  (Online Only)
I am a retired Senior Leader of the US Army. I consider myself an eclectic therapist with a sense of humor and do not believe one size fits all. I draw from various theories and use different therapeutic approaches such as Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Exposure Therapy, Family Systems Theories, Solution Focused, Brief Solution Focused as well as Behavior Activation techniques. I use the client center approach and use resources and support systems available for the client. I also assist with providing resources and connecting clients to their community. My specialization is in narcissist abuse education and recovery.
I am a retired Senior Leader of the US Army. I consider myself an eclectic therapist with a sense of humor and do not believe one size fits all. I draw from various theories and use different therapeutic approaches such as Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Exposure Therapy, Family Systems Theories, Solution Focused, Brief Solution Focused as well as Behavior Activation techniques. I use the client center approach and use resources and support systems available for the client. I also assist with providing resources and connecting clients to their community. My specialization is in narcissist abuse education and recovery.
(253) 259-3315 View (253) 259-3315
Photo of Kincaid Counseling Services, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Kincaid Counseling Services
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CMHS
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98403
I work with young children, teens, and parents who are struggling with intense feelings and behaviors and seeking specialized, effective, and holistic therapy to learn practical skills and insight in order to enjoy a happier, healthier life. I help children & adolescents overcome anxiety, ADHD, developmental delays, and sensory issues. I also help parents learn new ways to support their child/adolescent that are specific to the needs of their child. I am very familiar with 504/IEP's and have experience advocating as well as helping create plans that increase school success.
I work with young children, teens, and parents who are struggling with intense feelings and behaviors and seeking specialized, effective, and holistic therapy to learn practical skills and insight in order to enjoy a happier, healthier life. I help children & adolescents overcome anxiety, ADHD, developmental delays, and sensory issues. I also help parents learn new ways to support their child/adolescent that are specific to the needs of their child. I am very familiar with 504/IEP's and have experience advocating as well as helping create plans that increase school success.
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Photo of Sound Practice, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tacoma, WA
Sound Practice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DVC, SUDP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tacoma, WA 98402
Now accepting new clients! My theoretical approach is one of self-awareness. Having a healthy relationship with you in order to have healthy relationships with others. The modalities I use the most are CBT, DBT, and ACT. Learn how to communicate more effectively and live an intentional life. We address trauma, boundaries, emotional self-management, and how to have relationships that work. LGBTQA+ friendly. As a certified domestic violence, and substance use clinician, I am well versed in trauma informed care and systems needs.
Now accepting new clients! My theoretical approach is one of self-awareness. Having a healthy relationship with you in order to have healthy relationships with others. The modalities I use the most are CBT, DBT, and ACT. Learn how to communicate more effectively and live an intentional life. We address trauma, boundaries, emotional self-management, and how to have relationships that work. LGBTQA+ friendly. As a certified domestic violence, and substance use clinician, I am well versed in trauma informed care and systems needs.
(253) 286-0992 View (253) 286-0992
Photo of Jessica E Frost, Counselor in Tacoma, WA
Jessica E Frost
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tacoma, WA 98418  (Online Only)
I have a history of working with many different types of people and concerns. I work best with people who are willing to do self-observation as that is the key to learning about your own thinking and feeling patterns, which is what we are trying to modify. I take a holistic approach and self-observation provides the basis for all of the other work. It is important to start noticing and working with the sensations in the body that accompany our thoughts and feelings, as our body holds the memories of everything we have ever experienced and is the vehicle in which we move and feel in the world.
I have a history of working with many different types of people and concerns. I work best with people who are willing to do self-observation as that is the key to learning about your own thinking and feeling patterns, which is what we are trying to modify. I take a holistic approach and self-observation provides the basis for all of the other work. It is important to start noticing and working with the sensations in the body that accompany our thoughts and feelings, as our body holds the memories of everything we have ever experienced and is the vehicle in which we move and feel in the world.
(253) 398-8472 View (253) 398-8472

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tacoma, WA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Tacoma, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Premera
66% Regence
61% Aetna

How Therapists in Tacoma, WA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tacoma?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.