Therapists in Brooklyn, NY

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Photo of Bianca Calizaire in Brooklyn, NY
Bianca Calizaire
MS, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11221  (Online Only)
As a first-generation immigrant daughter, I witnessed the profound impact of gender roles on my life. It influenced how I approached relationships and made me acutely aware of the glass ceiling faced by women, particularly those of Black or Brown heritage. This realization spurred me to challenge stereotypes, break barriers, and address intergenerational trauma. My purpose is to empower individuals from diverse backgrounds to break free from unhealthy thought patterns by promoting choice, humility, and self-acceptance. These principles define my unique approach to making a difference.
As a first-generation immigrant daughter, I witnessed the profound impact of gender roles on my life. It influenced how I approached relationships and made me acutely aware of the glass ceiling faced by women, particularly those of Black or Brown heritage. This realization spurred me to challenge stereotypes, break barriers, and address intergenerational trauma. My purpose is to empower individuals from diverse backgrounds to break free from unhealthy thought patterns by promoting choice, humility, and self-acceptance. These principles define my unique approach to making a difference.
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Photo of Nadia Kuprian, Psychologist in Brooklyn, NY
Nadia Kuprian
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11242
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who sees individual adults and couples. I believe that therapy is a place of growth where empathy and acceptance are balanced with a challenge that is necessary to gain a new perspective, overcome internal barriers, and experience new, healthier, and more fulfilling ways of being.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who sees individual adults and couples. I believe that therapy is a place of growth where empathy and acceptance are balanced with a challenge that is necessary to gain a new perspective, overcome internal barriers, and experience new, healthier, and more fulfilling ways of being.
(917) 540-3762 View (917) 540-3762
Photo of Pamela Berger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Pamela Berger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, MPH
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215
Seeking therapy can be overwhelming, and also relieving; it is an act of hope. I believe that the potential for personal growth and change within all of us is enormous, and I value the opportunity to work with clients as we weave between the present and the past to explore the impact each has on the other. I help my clients examine their personal histories and uncover unconscious barriers to achieving goals. I work with clients to uncover the stories that they have told themselves or have been told to them about who they are that keep them stuck.
Seeking therapy can be overwhelming, and also relieving; it is an act of hope. I believe that the potential for personal growth and change within all of us is enormous, and I value the opportunity to work with clients as we weave between the present and the past to explore the impact each has on the other. I help my clients examine their personal histories and uncover unconscious barriers to achieving goals. I work with clients to uncover the stories that they have told themselves or have been told to them about who they are that keep them stuck.
(347) 408-0685 View (347) 408-0685
Photo of Santos Vales, Psychologist in Brooklyn, NY
Santos Vales
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11231  (Online Only)
Life experiences can bring pain and conflict resulting in depression, anxiety and coping with substances. I frequently hear the expression of loneliness, emptiness and feeling unfulfilled in people's lives and the sadness, disappointment and anger over relationships with themselves, partners, family and friends that fail to satisfy those needs. Experience has taught me that feeling heard and understood generates a sense of hope and stimulates movement toward insight through exploration and examination of one's inner life. Psychodynamic psychotherapy offers the framework and space for this work, leading to corrective emotional experiences and a more satisfying life and relationships.
Life experiences can bring pain and conflict resulting in depression, anxiety and coping with substances. I frequently hear the expression of loneliness, emptiness and feeling unfulfilled in people's lives and the sadness, disappointment and anger over relationships with themselves, partners, family and friends that fail to satisfy those needs. Experience has taught me that feeling heard and understood generates a sense of hope and stimulates movement toward insight through exploration and examination of one's inner life. Psychodynamic psychotherapy offers the framework and space for this work, leading to corrective emotional experiences and a more satisfying life and relationships.
(718) 757-2073 View (718) 757-2073
Photo of Carol Covelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Carol Covelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
You’re an woman over 40 who is talented, capable and introspective. Despite your achievements both personally and professionally, you still have nagging feelings of being "not good enough" that gnaw at you with every accomplishment or hurdle. This may show up in your life as perfectionism, overachieving, a deprivation or scarcity mindset, procrastination, anxiety, or multitasking to oblivion. You long to get to the root of these feelings and change that faulty narrative. You’re through with feeling “not good enough” and you're ready to find the right therapist to go on the journey with you to rewrite this narrative.
You’re an woman over 40 who is talented, capable and introspective. Despite your achievements both personally and professionally, you still have nagging feelings of being "not good enough" that gnaw at you with every accomplishment or hurdle. This may show up in your life as perfectionism, overachieving, a deprivation or scarcity mindset, procrastination, anxiety, or multitasking to oblivion. You long to get to the root of these feelings and change that faulty narrative. You’re through with feeling “not good enough” and you're ready to find the right therapist to go on the journey with you to rewrite this narrative.
(332) 239-2388 View (332) 239-2388
Photo of Arthur Newbould, Counselor in Brooklyn, NY
Arthur Newbould
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
Congratulations on taking the first step towards improving your mental health and quality of life. You might be finding that life, as it has been lately, feels harder than it should be. Maybe you are not feeling good about yourself, you're struggling with anxiety or depression, or noticing relationship patterns that leave you feeling frustrated and unsatisfied. Arthur's experience working in community clinics throughout NYC have prepared him to work with a rich diversity of clients and concerns, including, anxiety (GAD, social, panic, adjustment, trauma), depression, men's attachment, relationship issues, ADHD skills training.
Congratulations on taking the first step towards improving your mental health and quality of life. You might be finding that life, as it has been lately, feels harder than it should be. Maybe you are not feeling good about yourself, you're struggling with anxiety or depression, or noticing relationship patterns that leave you feeling frustrated and unsatisfied. Arthur's experience working in community clinics throughout NYC have prepared him to work with a rich diversity of clients and concerns, including, anxiety (GAD, social, panic, adjustment, trauma), depression, men's attachment, relationship issues, ADHD skills training.
(646) 846-2851 View (646) 846-2851
Photo of Sharon Medina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Sharon Medina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Not Verified Not Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11224  (Online Only)
Have you been feeling stressed, anxious or sad lately? Do you sometimes feel that it is difficult to get up and get going in your day? These feelings can be very painful, and you may need support in feeling like yourself again. I am here to support you in feeling better, setting goals and regaining your motivation for those things that bring you joy. I strongly believe that everyone should have access to quality mental health services and that a strong therapeutic relationship can change the trajectory of your life.
Have you been feeling stressed, anxious or sad lately? Do you sometimes feel that it is difficult to get up and get going in your day? These feelings can be very painful, and you may need support in feeling like yourself again. I am here to support you in feeling better, setting goals and regaining your motivation for those things that bring you joy. I strongly believe that everyone should have access to quality mental health services and that a strong therapeutic relationship can change the trajectory of your life.
(347) 427-5691 x102 View (347) 427-5691 x102
Photo of Michael Clemens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Michael Clemens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11201
I believe that therapy works when the patient and I work together as a team. Through open and transparent conversations, we deepen your understanding of relationships, their nature and history. The work is collaborative, challenging and authentic.
I believe that therapy works when the patient and I work together as a team. Through open and transparent conversations, we deepen your understanding of relationships, their nature and history. The work is collaborative, challenging and authentic.
(347) 560-5902 View (347) 560-5902
Photo of Miriam Olenick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Miriam Olenick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11216  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Congratulations! If you're checking out therapists that means you've taken an important step towards personal growth. Whatever got you to this point - anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, career frustrations - It would be my honor to support you on your journey. Together we would not only work to manage symptoms and resolve problems, but also to help you understand yourself and your life on a deeper level.
Congratulations! If you're checking out therapists that means you've taken an important step towards personal growth. Whatever got you to this point - anxiety, depression, relationship struggles, career frustrations - It would be my honor to support you on your journey. Together we would not only work to manage symptoms and resolve problems, but also to help you understand yourself and your life on a deeper level.
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Photo of Hannah Propp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Hannah Propp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11222  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am currently not accepting new clients, however I am the Clinical Director of Greenpoint Psychotherapy. If you are interested in working with one of our wonderful and qualified therapists, please reach out to info (at) greenpointpsychotherapy (dot) com. I, as well as many of our therapists, are passionate about therapy being a space for support with life transition, anti-racism work, gender and sexuality exploration, and fat liberation. I enjoy working with people along the spectrums of gender and sexuality, and with neurodivergent people, including those on the Autism Spectrum and with ADHD.
I am currently not accepting new clients, however I am the Clinical Director of Greenpoint Psychotherapy. If you are interested in working with one of our wonderful and qualified therapists, please reach out to info (at) greenpointpsychotherapy (dot) com. I, as well as many of our therapists, are passionate about therapy being a space for support with life transition, anti-racism work, gender and sexuality exploration, and fat liberation. I enjoy working with people along the spectrums of gender and sexuality, and with neurodivergent people, including those on the Autism Spectrum and with ADHD.
(718) 831-6805 View (718) 831-6805
Photo of Laurel Stephens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Laurel Stephens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11226
Laurel Stephens, Licensed Clinical Social Worker in NYS. My approach to therapy is to gently guide and support clients to move toward their goals and to help them find their goals if needed.
Laurel Stephens, Licensed Clinical Social Worker in NYS. My approach to therapy is to gently guide and support clients to move toward their goals and to help them find their goals if needed.
(929) 396-3141 View (929) 396-3141
Photo of Nehal P Vadhan, Psychologist in Brooklyn, NY
Nehal P Vadhan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11222
My practice is geared towards helping individuals who are suffering from addiction problems of any kind, cognitive problems (e.g., ADHD, Learning Disabilities) or problems with disordered thought or perception. My goal is to assist clients improve their psychological functioning with a combination of individualized clinical evaluation and treatment. I am also a research scientist at Northwell's Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research (https://feinstein.northwell.edu/institutes-researchers/our-researchers/nehal-p-vadhan-phd) and director of the Center for Psychedelics Research and Treatment.
My practice is geared towards helping individuals who are suffering from addiction problems of any kind, cognitive problems (e.g., ADHD, Learning Disabilities) or problems with disordered thought or perception. My goal is to assist clients improve their psychological functioning with a combination of individualized clinical evaluation and treatment. I am also a research scientist at Northwell's Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research (https://feinstein.northwell.edu/institutes-researchers/our-researchers/nehal-p-vadhan-phd) and director of the Center for Psychedelics Research and Treatment.
(347) 894-2520 View (347) 894-2520
Photo of Andrew Vitale, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Andrew Vitale
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SIFI
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11215  (Online Only)
You’ve accomplished so much in life. You achieved your goals and set yourself apart from your peers. But there's still something wrong. No matter how hard you work, there’s an emptiness that you just can’t fill. You’re often on edge and fearful, sometimes for no apparent reason. You can even feel it in your body. Sometimes you wonder if it goes back to things experienced earlier in life. Painful memories flood back without warning and it's hard to cope. You’ve tried desperately to overcome these problems on your own, but it hasn’t helped. It feels hopeless, and you’re ready to give up.
You’ve accomplished so much in life. You achieved your goals and set yourself apart from your peers. But there's still something wrong. No matter how hard you work, there’s an emptiness that you just can’t fill. You’re often on edge and fearful, sometimes for no apparent reason. You can even feel it in your body. Sometimes you wonder if it goes back to things experienced earlier in life. Painful memories flood back without warning and it's hard to cope. You’ve tried desperately to overcome these problems on your own, but it hasn’t helped. It feels hopeless, and you’re ready to give up.
(718) 831-6512 View (718) 831-6512
Photo of Janah Boccio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Janah Boccio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11201
Psychotherapy is a co-created experience between the therapist and client. For over 20 years I have had the honor of working with people who feel stuck in their lives, whether it be their jobs, their relationships, or perhaps in some part of their identity. By bringing non-judgmental curiosity to our work together, it is my goal to create a safe and welcoming space within which we can explore the patterns of behavior that may not be serving their purpose anymore. I enjoy working with teens and adults, providing them with support to be their most authentic selves.
Psychotherapy is a co-created experience between the therapist and client. For over 20 years I have had the honor of working with people who feel stuck in their lives, whether it be their jobs, their relationships, or perhaps in some part of their identity. By bringing non-judgmental curiosity to our work together, it is my goal to create a safe and welcoming space within which we can explore the patterns of behavior that may not be serving their purpose anymore. I enjoy working with teens and adults, providing them with support to be their most authentic selves.
(929) 333-3410 View (929) 333-3410
Photo of Jill Kaiser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Jill Kaiser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11201  (Online Only)
With 20 years experience counseling clients, my style is warm, supportive and interactive, and within that therapeutic relationship, you may begin to identify obstacles and patterns, gain self-understanding and promote life changes and solutions. Through collaboration, we work to set realistic, achievable goals and sort through all the possibilities to promote satisfying decisions and relationships. Among my interests and strengths are women’s issues, parenting, balancing work and family challenges, life transitions, workplace difficulties and reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief and loss.
With 20 years experience counseling clients, my style is warm, supportive and interactive, and within that therapeutic relationship, you may begin to identify obstacles and patterns, gain self-understanding and promote life changes and solutions. Through collaboration, we work to set realistic, achievable goals and sort through all the possibilities to promote satisfying decisions and relationships. Among my interests and strengths are women’s issues, parenting, balancing work and family challenges, life transitions, workplace difficulties and reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, grief and loss.
(914) 214-1649 View (914) 214-1649
Photo of Rachel Sullivan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Rachel Sullivan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11238
It takes significant strength to take the first step in initiating a connection with a therapist. I view all clients as experts of their own experience and I will follow your lead in establishing a treatment plan that will bring you closer to your personal goals. My experience as a trauma therapist includes 10 years of providing supportive services to survivors of crime and interpersonal abuse, as well as individuals impacted by depression and/or anxiety. I have 5 years of experience providing clinical supervision to other clinicians including rising social workers and seasoned trauma-focused providers.
It takes significant strength to take the first step in initiating a connection with a therapist. I view all clients as experts of their own experience and I will follow your lead in establishing a treatment plan that will bring you closer to your personal goals. My experience as a trauma therapist includes 10 years of providing supportive services to survivors of crime and interpersonal abuse, as well as individuals impacted by depression and/or anxiety. I have 5 years of experience providing clinical supervision to other clinicians including rising social workers and seasoned trauma-focused providers.
(646) 849-3430 View (646) 849-3430
Photo of Latanya Buckham, Counselor in Brooklyn, NY
Latanya Buckham
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11234  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck? Unsure of what is next for you? Feeling weighed down by the daily stressors in your life? Looking for a new way to manage the relationships in your life? Is it possible that you are stuck in a cycle of trauma? If you answered “Yes!” to any of the questions above, I strongly believe we can make a great therapeutic team. Did any of the listed questions spark new questions? Let us explore those new questions!
Are you feeling stuck? Unsure of what is next for you? Feeling weighed down by the daily stressors in your life? Looking for a new way to manage the relationships in your life? Is it possible that you are stuck in a cycle of trauma? If you answered “Yes!” to any of the questions above, I strongly believe we can make a great therapeutic team. Did any of the listed questions spark new questions? Let us explore those new questions!
(347) 493-2402 x142 View (347) 493-2402 x142
Photo of Rachel Lindheim, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Rachel Lindheim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11217
Do you feel you're at an inflection point in your life? That you've worked hard, but your effort has also taken a toll: be it burnout, anxiety, a sense of emptiness, or difficulty with relationships you care about? That, no matter how much you have achieved, those feelings of inadequacy are still nagging at you? My goal is to help you take charge: to put your "inner critic" in its place – and achieve a genuine, sustainable sense of well-being.
Do you feel you're at an inflection point in your life? That you've worked hard, but your effort has also taken a toll: be it burnout, anxiety, a sense of emptiness, or difficulty with relationships you care about? That, no matter how much you have achieved, those feelings of inadequacy are still nagging at you? My goal is to help you take charge: to put your "inner critic" in its place – and achieve a genuine, sustainable sense of well-being.
(929) 552-1775 View (929) 552-1775
Photo of Candice Souza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Candice Souza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11225  (Online Only)
Healing doesn’t happen in isolation but in connection. I care deeply about co-creating a safe, nurturing therapeutic space, one where you (individually or with your partner/family) can identify and divest yourself of the internalized narratives and patterns that no longer serve you. Our beliefs are shaped largely by the stories we have been told all our lives - by family, peers, culture, religion, and larger systems that we may not even be aware of. In partnership, we can examine what narratives you want to hold onto and which ones hold you back from living in alignment with the person/couple/family you want to be.
Healing doesn’t happen in isolation but in connection. I care deeply about co-creating a safe, nurturing therapeutic space, one where you (individually or with your partner/family) can identify and divest yourself of the internalized narratives and patterns that no longer serve you. Our beliefs are shaped largely by the stories we have been told all our lives - by family, peers, culture, religion, and larger systems that we may not even be aware of. In partnership, we can examine what narratives you want to hold onto and which ones hold you back from living in alignment with the person/couple/family you want to be.
(929) 207-7415 View (929) 207-7415
Photo of Sara Monsonis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brooklyn, NY
Sara Monsonis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11231  (Online Only)
Every stage of life has its own challenges, and having someone to explore those challenges with is the key to understanding yourself better. As we age, whether from childhood to adolescence or into midlife and beyond, our focus shifts and our desires and needs shift as well. We all struggle to understand how our complex relationships can grow and change, how understanding ourselves leads to us getting more of what we want out of life. Happiness and purpose come when we work to understand ourselves as we change.
Every stage of life has its own challenges, and having someone to explore those challenges with is the key to understanding yourself better. As we age, whether from childhood to adolescence or into midlife and beyond, our focus shifts and our desires and needs shift as well. We all struggle to understand how our complex relationships can grow and change, how understanding ourselves leads to us getting more of what we want out of life. Happiness and purpose come when we work to understand ourselves as we change.
(917) 924-6187 View (917) 924-6187

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Brooklyn, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Brooklyn, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
65% Cigna and Evernorth
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Brooklyn, NY see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Brooklyn?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.