Therapists in Sterling, VA

Photo of Jason Elias Wilson Virginia-Resident In Counseling in Sterling, VA
Jason Elias Wilson Virginia-Resident In Counseling
MA, CRC, CSOTP, DC-LPC
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20164
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling stuck, depressed, and anxious? Or maybe you have experienced loss, grief, or relationship stress? As a therapist, I work to assist adults and adolescents improve their overall wellbeing utilizing a range of evidenced based techniques. At the foundation of my work I ensure that all my clients feel safe and comfortable working with me. I create a strong therapeutic bond with my clients that is grounded in empathy, and validation. You may have worked with therapists who simply sit back and listen, provide little feedback and do little to dig deeper, finding little improvement. I offer a different approach.
Are you feeling stuck, depressed, and anxious? Or maybe you have experienced loss, grief, or relationship stress? As a therapist, I work to assist adults and adolescents improve their overall wellbeing utilizing a range of evidenced based techniques. At the foundation of my work I ensure that all my clients feel safe and comfortable working with me. I create a strong therapeutic bond with my clients that is grounded in empathy, and validation. You may have worked with therapists who simply sit back and listen, provide little feedback and do little to dig deeper, finding little improvement. I offer a different approach.
(703) 936-2722 View (703) 936-2722
Photo of Jalynn Best, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sterling, VA
Jalynn Best
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166  (Online Only)
Hey there! I'm Jalynn, a licensed therapist that specializes in expressive therapy for teens and adults. I am passionate about providing creative and personalized interventions that cater to your unique goals. That's why I've crafted a therapeutic space that utilizes a variety of creative and expressive interventions. Whether you're a teen or an adult, life can present its share of challenges and transitions, leaving you feeling overwhelmed. My goal is to provide you with a safe, supportive environment where you can explore your inner thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, helping you find clarity and empowerment on your unique journey.
Hey there! I'm Jalynn, a licensed therapist that specializes in expressive therapy for teens and adults. I am passionate about providing creative and personalized interventions that cater to your unique goals. That's why I've crafted a therapeutic space that utilizes a variety of creative and expressive interventions. Whether you're a teen or an adult, life can present its share of challenges and transitions, leaving you feeling overwhelmed. My goal is to provide you with a safe, supportive environment where you can explore your inner thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, helping you find clarity and empowerment on your unique journey.
(540) 329-2280 View (540) 329-2280
Photo of Olivia Stoltzfoos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sterling, VA
Olivia Stoltzfoos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
I'm Olivia, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Virginia, with a passion for helping people. I love to help others learn about mental health and develop the skills to effectively navigate daily life with tools in hand to face life's inevitable hardships. I seek to educate while also compassionately evaluating and providing support to process in order for clients to learn, grow and flourish. I strive to encourage clients to expand the capacity to which they understand their mental health in order to encourage and enhance control over their mental health.
I'm Olivia, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Virginia, with a passion for helping people. I love to help others learn about mental health and develop the skills to effectively navigate daily life with tools in hand to face life's inevitable hardships. I seek to educate while also compassionately evaluating and providing support to process in order for clients to learn, grow and flourish. I strive to encourage clients to expand the capacity to which they understand their mental health in order to encourage and enhance control over their mental health.
(703) 783-5586 View (703) 783-5586
Photo of Sophie Kosar, Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy in Sterling, VA
Sophie Kosar
Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy, MS, LMFT-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
I fundamentally believe that every client has what it takes to live a beautiful, healthy, fulfilling life—so my job is to help you work through the things holding you back from embodying your true strength and power. I specialize in trauma treatment, neurodiversity, relationship skills and enrichment, and LGBTQIA+ issues. I love using creativity and humor to help you find new ways of dealing with problems, no matter how old or new. I work with teens (12+), adults, and couples/adult relationships.
I fundamentally believe that every client has what it takes to live a beautiful, healthy, fulfilling life—so my job is to help you work through the things holding you back from embodying your true strength and power. I specialize in trauma treatment, neurodiversity, relationship skills and enrichment, and LGBTQIA+ issues. I love using creativity and humor to help you find new ways of dealing with problems, no matter how old or new. I work with teens (12+), adults, and couples/adult relationships.
(703) 936-4161 View (703) 936-4161
Photo of Stacey King, Pre-Licensed Professional in Sterling, VA
Stacey King
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
With over 20 years of experience, I specialize in working with people, suffering from depression, anxiety, self-esteem concerns and working through life transitions, such as relationship challenges, career changes and other major life transitions. I work with people who have been diagnosed with serious medical conditions. I love working with people who are ready for change.
With over 20 years of experience, I specialize in working with people, suffering from depression, anxiety, self-esteem concerns and working through life transitions, such as relationship challenges, career changes and other major life transitions. I work with people who have been diagnosed with serious medical conditions. I love working with people who are ready for change.
(703) 782-9195 View (703) 782-9195
Photo of Caroline Ibrahim, Psychologist in Sterling, VA
Caroline Ibrahim
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166  (Online Only)
Thank you for viewing my profile. Are you experiencing emotional pain? Self-doubt? Relationship problems? Difficulty adjusting to current stressors and life changes? Or is your child and/or family experiencing emotional, academic, or interpersonal difficulties? I am a Clinical Psychologist who values diversity and works hard with you or your family to improve your life and achieve your goals for therapy. I am experienced in working with adults, children, and families with issues related to depression, anxiety, self-esteem/identity, interpersonal/relationship difficulties, adjustment to changes, trauma, family conflict, and grief/loss. I also conduct psychological assessments & provide consultations.
Thank you for viewing my profile. Are you experiencing emotional pain? Self-doubt? Relationship problems? Difficulty adjusting to current stressors and life changes? Or is your child and/or family experiencing emotional, academic, or interpersonal difficulties? I am a Clinical Psychologist who values diversity and works hard with you or your family to improve your life and achieve your goals for therapy. I am experienced in working with adults, children, and families with issues related to depression, anxiety, self-esteem/identity, interpersonal/relationship difficulties, adjustment to changes, trauma, family conflict, and grief/loss. I also conduct psychological assessments & provide consultations.
(703) 349-7379 View (703) 349-7379
Photo of Linda DuToit, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sterling, VA
Linda DuToit
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, CCATP
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165
Are you ready for something to change? I help adults and young adults manage and overcome anxiety, depression, family abuse, domestic violence and abuse, and complex trauma (C-PTSD). My practice includes a focus on managing and overcoming anxiety disorders and depression. I also specialize in helping people heal from narcissistic/toxic relationships and families. I provide a safe and compassionate counseling environment where we work together to build or restore your life as you want it to be. I am results-oriented. I strive to bring hope and healing to those who may be frustrated, confused, hurting, and ready for change.
Are you ready for something to change? I help adults and young adults manage and overcome anxiety, depression, family abuse, domestic violence and abuse, and complex trauma (C-PTSD). My practice includes a focus on managing and overcoming anxiety disorders and depression. I also specialize in helping people heal from narcissistic/toxic relationships and families. I provide a safe and compassionate counseling environment where we work together to build or restore your life as you want it to be. I am results-oriented. I strive to bring hope and healing to those who may be frustrated, confused, hurting, and ready for change.
(724) 960-8010 View (724) 960-8010
Photo of Uzma Baig in Sterling, VA
Uzma Baig
MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20164
Welcome! My name is Uzma I am a personal coach for youth and adults. For years, I have helped children build strong peer relations, manage their anxiety, and become the best versions of themselves. I have a master's degree in school counseling from Virginia Tech and over ten years of working with children. I am a career-switcher with a unique set of skills. I have passionately helped youth and families work through their personal, emotional, and social growth. If you're looking for someone to help you navigate the many layers of feelings, emotions, and confusions, give me a call today to get started on finding solutions!
Welcome! My name is Uzma I am a personal coach for youth and adults. For years, I have helped children build strong peer relations, manage their anxiety, and become the best versions of themselves. I have a master's degree in school counseling from Virginia Tech and over ten years of working with children. I am a career-switcher with a unique set of skills. I have passionately helped youth and families work through their personal, emotional, and social growth. If you're looking for someone to help you navigate the many layers of feelings, emotions, and confusions, give me a call today to get started on finding solutions!
(571) 621-7983 View (571) 621-7983
Photo of Charly Volk, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sterling, VA
Charly Volk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165  (Online Only)
Charly Volk is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 10 plus years of experience providing therapeutic and behavioral health services for numerous mental health areas and a wide ranging of clientele base from ages 6 and up. Charly received her Master's Degree from the University of Connecticut, and earned a Bachelor's Degree in Psychology with a Minor in Spanish. Charly is passionate about raising awareness of the critical importance of mental health in every community. She wants her clients to know she supports and values them, and always builds tailored treatment plans to accommodate their unique issues or concerns.
Charly Volk is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 10 plus years of experience providing therapeutic and behavioral health services for numerous mental health areas and a wide ranging of clientele base from ages 6 and up. Charly received her Master's Degree from the University of Connecticut, and earned a Bachelor's Degree in Psychology with a Minor in Spanish. Charly is passionate about raising awareness of the critical importance of mental health in every community. She wants her clients to know she supports and values them, and always builds tailored treatment plans to accommodate their unique issues or concerns.
(571) 931-2608 View (571) 931-2608
Photo of Oana Gireada, Pre-Licensed Professional in Sterling, VA
Oana Gireada
Pre-Licensed Professional, BSN
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165
Are you looking for a safe place to share your feelings, anxieties, thoughts? Have you been longing for an opportunity to speak about your experiences and story? My desire is to provide you with such an atmosphere of warmth and acceptance, where you can speak about the past or work towards shaping the future you want.
Are you looking for a safe place to share your feelings, anxieties, thoughts? Have you been longing for an opportunity to speak about your experiences and story? My desire is to provide you with such an atmosphere of warmth and acceptance, where you can speak about the past or work towards shaping the future you want.
(571) 556-8108 View (571) 556-8108
Photo of Shah Hasan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sterling, VA
Shah Hasan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20164
** Shah is available to offer therapy services in Urdu, Hindi, and English Shah Hasan is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the State of Virginia and a Nationally Certified Counselor by the National Board for Certified Counselors. Shah has extensive experience working with individuals and families seeking help for an array of disorders and issues such as anxiety, depression, stress management, and family functioning.
** Shah is available to offer therapy services in Urdu, Hindi, and English Shah Hasan is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the State of Virginia and a Nationally Certified Counselor by the National Board for Certified Counselors. Shah has extensive experience working with individuals and families seeking help for an array of disorders and issues such as anxiety, depression, stress management, and family functioning.
(571) 568-7220 View (571) 568-7220
Photo of Nidhi Kothapalli, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sterling, VA
Nidhi Kothapalli
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166
Waitlist for new clients
With every day changing so rapidly and the increase in uncertainty, life presents us with new obstacles and challenges that we might not expect. It takes great strength and courage to ask for help when you need it. I help clients with improving body image, increasing self-esteem, mood disorders, eating disorders, and identity challenges. As a minority myself, I have experience helping clients work through processing cultural barriers and unfair treatment. I am also passionate about working with BIPOC and the South Asian population. I also provide letters for gender affirming care.
With every day changing so rapidly and the increase in uncertainty, life presents us with new obstacles and challenges that we might not expect. It takes great strength and courage to ask for help when you need it. I help clients with improving body image, increasing self-esteem, mood disorders, eating disorders, and identity challenges. As a minority myself, I have experience helping clients work through processing cultural barriers and unfair treatment. I am also passionate about working with BIPOC and the South Asian population. I also provide letters for gender affirming care.
(443) 545-2070 View (443) 545-2070
Photo of Alexandria Harz, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sterling, VA
Alexandria Harz, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20166
If you are feeling disconnected, helpless, or stuck, I can assist you in identifying patterns or ways of relating which might be holding you back. By prioritizing your sense of safety, welcoming heavy emotions, and guiding you to meet/heal unknown parts of yourself or your partner, you can gain freedom from the patterns in which you feel trapped. I work with individuals and couples, supporting them to understand the ways they manage stress through retreating inward and shutting down, or turning outwards for connection and validation. From there, I help clients to better understand who they are and what they need.
If you are feeling disconnected, helpless, or stuck, I can assist you in identifying patterns or ways of relating which might be holding you back. By prioritizing your sense of safety, welcoming heavy emotions, and guiding you to meet/heal unknown parts of yourself or your partner, you can gain freedom from the patterns in which you feel trapped. I work with individuals and couples, supporting them to understand the ways they manage stress through retreating inward and shutting down, or turning outwards for connection and validation. From there, I help clients to better understand who they are and what they need.
(540) 264-3846 View (540) 264-3846
Photo of Angela Eades-LaFollette, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sterling, VA
Angela Eades-LaFollette
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20165
I have a passion for working with people. I have been a Licensed Clinical Social Worker since 2009 and have worked in many aspects of my field.
I have a passion for working with people. I have been a Licensed Clinical Social Worker since 2009 and have worked in many aspects of my field.
(703) 386-7893 View (703) 386-7893
Photo of Jasmine Pike, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sterling, VA
Jasmine Pike
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166  (Online Only)
My goal is to provide a safe space for clients to explore their experiences and provide support as clients take steps towards a happier and healthier future. We can explore what client's need to live life with more peace and joy moving forward. By understanding who my client is, what they have experienced, and what they hope to change will allow us to create personal goals for creating a better mental health plan for their present and their future. I believe in meeting client’s where they are and working towards goals that we set together based on the client’s needs and directed by when the client feels ready to take steps.
My goal is to provide a safe space for clients to explore their experiences and provide support as clients take steps towards a happier and healthier future. We can explore what client's need to live life with more peace and joy moving forward. By understanding who my client is, what they have experienced, and what they hope to change will allow us to create personal goals for creating a better mental health plan for their present and their future. I believe in meeting client’s where they are and working towards goals that we set together based on the client’s needs and directed by when the client feels ready to take steps.
(571) 556-9087 View (571) 556-9087
Photo of Kami Barbour, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sterling, VA
Kami Barbour
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166  (Online Only)
*** ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** Are you a young professional that is successful but you’re still not satisfied with your life? There are times that you feel that you have grown in certain areas but you still have anxious thoughts, sleepless nights, sadness and despair, you constantly contrast & compare yourself with others and you’re your own worst critic. Maybe there’s been some hurts & assaults in your past that you keep hidden from others. From time to time, there’s even some nightmares, crying spells, restlessness, you’re easily startled or have a negative perception of others as well as the world.
*** ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** Are you a young professional that is successful but you’re still not satisfied with your life? There are times that you feel that you have grown in certain areas but you still have anxious thoughts, sleepless nights, sadness and despair, you constantly contrast & compare yourself with others and you’re your own worst critic. Maybe there’s been some hurts & assaults in your past that you keep hidden from others. From time to time, there’s even some nightmares, crying spells, restlessness, you’re easily startled or have a negative perception of others as well as the world.
(571) 621-7168 View (571) 621-7168
Photo of Shafinah Samsudin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sterling, VA
Shafinah Samsudin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166
It can be challenging and stressful to find a therapist and share your feelings with a stranger. I am committed to helping you be comfortable and validate your feelings to make this process easier. In my approach, I would like to explore the root of the problem and help you towards personal growth and healing. My focus would be to help you make healthy decisions through a new mindset which will help restore balance and freedom in your life.
It can be challenging and stressful to find a therapist and share your feelings with a stranger. I am committed to helping you be comfortable and validate your feelings to make this process easier. In my approach, I would like to explore the root of the problem and help you towards personal growth and healing. My focus would be to help you make healthy decisions through a new mindset which will help restore balance and freedom in your life.
(703) 782-8735 View (703) 782-8735
Photo of Roger Drew, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sterling, VA
Roger Drew
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Sterling, VA 20164
I provide individual and group therapy to create opportunities for individual and emotional growth using tools from NLP, Hypnosis, CBT, and other emotional and linguistic models to allow clients to examine their interpretations of reality to create more emotional balance and function. I use QEEG's brain maps and behavioral assessments to provide an inclusive treatment approach of talk therapy and neuro-physio training so clients gain a broader awareness and foundation for change.
I provide individual and group therapy to create opportunities for individual and emotional growth using tools from NLP, Hypnosis, CBT, and other emotional and linguistic models to allow clients to examine their interpretations of reality to create more emotional balance and function. I use QEEG's brain maps and behavioral assessments to provide an inclusive treatment approach of talk therapy and neuro-physio training so clients gain a broader awareness and foundation for change.
(571) 429-9131 View (571) 429-9131
Photo of Margot M Cabrera Sotelo, Pre-Licensed Professional in Sterling, VA
Margot M Cabrera Sotelo
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20166  (Online Only)
I am a bilingual (English-Spanish) Resident in Counseling passionate about working with individuals, couples, children and adolescents as well families. I have over 11 years of experience working with at-risk populations in different settings e.g. In-home counseling, residential treatment facilities, school system and private practice. As part of my work experience, I have provided services to populations of different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Also, I have facilitated preventative programs to strengthen family and couples’ relationships.
I am a bilingual (English-Spanish) Resident in Counseling passionate about working with individuals, couples, children and adolescents as well families. I have over 11 years of experience working with at-risk populations in different settings e.g. In-home counseling, residential treatment facilities, school system and private practice. As part of my work experience, I have provided services to populations of different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Also, I have facilitated preventative programs to strengthen family and couples’ relationships.
(571) 297-9203 View (571) 297-9203
Photo of Marie Aleman, Counselor in Sterling, VA
Marie Aleman
Counselor, MS, LCPC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165  (Online Only)
Marie Aleman is a Licensed Professional Counselor who is passionate about integrating psychology and Catholic-Christian anthropology in order to restore hope and healing to suffering individuals. Marie uses a combination of emotionally-focused, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and interpersonal techniques in order to meet the particular needs of each client. Mrs. Alemán’s therapy is informed by her Christian faith, her educational training, and her personal experience as a wife and mother. Marie works to heal clients through individual, parent-child, family, or couple counseling formats.
Marie Aleman is a Licensed Professional Counselor who is passionate about integrating psychology and Catholic-Christian anthropology in order to restore hope and healing to suffering individuals. Marie uses a combination of emotionally-focused, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and interpersonal techniques in order to meet the particular needs of each client. Mrs. Alemán’s therapy is informed by her Christian faith, her educational training, and her personal experience as a wife and mother. Marie works to heal clients through individual, parent-child, family, or couple counseling formats.
(321) 616-8868 View (321) 616-8868

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sterling, VA

100+

Average cost per session

$155

Therapists in Sterling, VA who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
91% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Anthem | Elevance
72% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% Aetna

How Therapists in Sterling, VA see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sterling?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.