Therapists in Mingo County, WV

Photo of Dana Strom, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Dana Strom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
As adults, we can experience a wide range of emotions such as anxiety or depression. These strong emotions may cause us distress or fear which in turn may lessen our motivation to pursue our future values and goals. As a result, we may feel trapped, which can stop us from discovering what truly matters.
As adults, we can experience a wide range of emotions such as anxiety or depression. These strong emotions may cause us distress or fear which in turn may lessen our motivation to pursue our future values and goals. As a result, we may feel trapped, which can stop us from discovering what truly matters.
(304) 967-2428 View (304) 967-2428
Photo of Carissa Sietsema, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LICSW
Carissa Sietsema
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Sometimes it feels like our mind won’t shut off. One thought turns into 10, and before we know it we’ve spent more time than we wanted going down the mental rabbit hole. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Anxiety, and Phobias often take up space rent free in our mind making us act or behave a certain way to feel better. This tiring upkeep can make it feel like we're dragging through life, carrying a heavy weight, out of control, or that we're wearing a mask. In moments like these a helping hand is sometimes all we need to regain control over our lives.
Sometimes it feels like our mind won’t shut off. One thought turns into 10, and before we know it we’ve spent more time than we wanted going down the mental rabbit hole. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Anxiety, and Phobias often take up space rent free in our mind making us act or behave a certain way to feel better. This tiring upkeep can make it feel like we're dragging through life, carrying a heavy weight, out of control, or that we're wearing a mask. In moments like these a helping hand is sometimes all we need to regain control over our lives.
(304) 924-4790 View (304) 924-4790

Online Therapists

Photo of Darlene Friend - Darlene Friend - NOCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Darlene Friend - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
You're in a safe, non-judgmental space. Know that what you're experiencing is valid. I take a comprehensive and individualized approach to OCD treatment. With compassion and collaboration, I'll develop exercises that help desensitize the triggers that provoke your anxiety. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
You're in a safe, non-judgmental space. Know that what you're experiencing is valid. I take a comprehensive and individualized approach to OCD treatment. With compassion and collaboration, I'll develop exercises that help desensitize the triggers that provoke your anxiety. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
(304) 944-5432 View (304) 944-5432
Photo of Clifton Adkins, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Clifton Adkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Beckley, WV 25801
All of life's demands, relationships, expectations, trauma, and change can become mentally confusing, emotionally draining, and spiritually suffocating. As a therapist, I provide a space for conversations free of judgment, focused on your potential for strength, clarity, and peace. Growth, healing, understanding, and hope are possible!
All of life's demands, relationships, expectations, trauma, and change can become mentally confusing, emotionally draining, and spiritually suffocating. As a therapist, I provide a space for conversations free of judgment, focused on your potential for strength, clarity, and peace. Growth, healing, understanding, and hope are possible!
(304) 381-6276 View (304) 381-6276
Photo of Tammy Showell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW
Tammy Showell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Now Accepting NEW Clients! - I am a clinical psychotherapist with 17+ years' treatment experience in various settings. Please visit my website at www.tammyshowell.com for deeper insight about who I am and what I do. Thank you for trusting me with your care.
Now Accepting NEW Clients! - I am a clinical psychotherapist with 17+ years' treatment experience in various settings. Please visit my website at www.tammyshowell.com for deeper insight about who I am and what I do. Thank you for trusting me with your care.
(304) 745-2049 View (304) 745-2049
Photo of Adrienne Boland - Adrienne Boland, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Adrienne Boland
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
First and foremost, it's important to me that you feel heard. Feeling heard is the cornerstone of building a trusting therapeutic relationship, and I believe that healing happens when a person feels like someone really 'gets it'. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly. We have training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
First and foremost, it's important to me that you feel heard. Feeling heard is the cornerstone of building a trusting therapeutic relationship, and I believe that healing happens when a person feels like someone really 'gets it'. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly. We have training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
(502) 401-1223 View (502) 401-1223
Photo of Brooks Gale - Brooks Gale - NOCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Brooks Gale - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I believe a warm and welcoming environment is crucial for therapy. OCD and anxiety disorders can be debilitating. However, evidence shows treatment can be effective. This is a process that involves both you and your therapist. It will take time and effort to get the most from treatment. Most importantly: It is doable. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
I believe a warm and welcoming environment is crucial for therapy. OCD and anxiety disorders can be debilitating. However, evidence shows treatment can be effective. This is a process that involves both you and your therapist. It will take time and effort to get the most from treatment. Most importantly: It is doable. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
(304) 832-3725 View (304) 832-3725
Photo of Andrew Latoszewski - Andrew Latoszewski - NOCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Andrew Latoszewski - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I'm here to provide you with a safe space to explore your feelings and face your discomfort. ​There's no better feeling than seeing people take control of their lives in ways they never would've imagined. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of OCD and related conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have received training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
I'm here to provide you with a safe space to explore your feelings and face your discomfort. ​There's no better feeling than seeing people take control of their lives in ways they never would've imagined. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of OCD and related conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have received training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
(708) 726-3126 View (708) 726-3126
Photo of Maeven Miller - Maeven Miller Counseling, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Maeven Miller Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Huntington, WV 25702
I provide individual counseling for adult women in my private practice located in Huntington, WV. I specialize in treating trauma and abuse, but am able to provide services for a host of other presenting issues such as anxiety and fear, depression, family and relational issues, grief, life transition, and perinatal (pre and post pregnancy) mental health issues. I am also pleased to offer Christian based counseling if a client desires (Please see website for more info).
I provide individual counseling for adult women in my private practice located in Huntington, WV. I specialize in treating trauma and abuse, but am able to provide services for a host of other presenting issues such as anxiety and fear, depression, family and relational issues, grief, life transition, and perinatal (pre and post pregnancy) mental health issues. I am also pleased to offer Christian based counseling if a client desires (Please see website for more info).
(304) 337-5454 View (304) 337-5454
Photo of Donna Murray, Counselor, LPCC
Donna Murray
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello! My name is Donna Murray and I look forward to connecting with you. I’ve had the joy of working in the counseling field for over 25 years in multiple settings including: private practice, inpatient and outpatient, home-based, school-based and residential detox. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in the states of Ohio, West Virginia and North Carolina and have been offering counseling services since 1996. Currently, I also serve on the West Virginia Certification Board for Addiction & Prevention Professionals.
Hello! My name is Donna Murray and I look forward to connecting with you. I’ve had the joy of working in the counseling field for over 25 years in multiple settings including: private practice, inpatient and outpatient, home-based, school-based and residential detox. I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in the states of Ohio, West Virginia and North Carolina and have been offering counseling services since 1996. Currently, I also serve on the West Virginia Certification Board for Addiction & Prevention Professionals.
(304) 969-7467 View (304) 969-7467
Photo of Ambrosia Isely, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Ambrosia Isely
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Ambrosia Isely, LCS, LICSW, PMH-C I start with an attachment/humanistic lens. I use a variety of tools depending on the preferences and needs of my clients. I work with children, parents, families and individuals. I have a certification in perinatal mental health. This equates to specialized training in managing the highs and lows of parenting and birth trauma.
Ambrosia Isely, LCS, LICSW, PMH-C I start with an attachment/humanistic lens. I use a variety of tools depending on the preferences and needs of my clients. I work with children, parents, families and individuals. I have a certification in perinatal mental health. This equates to specialized training in managing the highs and lows of parenting and birth trauma.
(304) 451-9187 View (304) 451-9187
Photo of Lisa Burton, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, ALPS
Lisa Burton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, ALPS
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have been a counselor for 26 plus years. I am a licensed professional counselor, certified school counselor and approved licensed professional supervisor. I have worked with adults, couples and adolescents. I primarily work with clients related to anxiety, grief/loss, depression, life changes, ADHD symptoms, communication issues, anger management and parenting struggles. I always say, "Counseling is difficult. If it were easy, everyone would be doing it". It is important for you to be ready to commit and explore new ways of thinking and handling situations.
I have been a counselor for 26 plus years. I am a licensed professional counselor, certified school counselor and approved licensed professional supervisor. I have worked with adults, couples and adolescents. I primarily work with clients related to anxiety, grief/loss, depression, life changes, ADHD symptoms, communication issues, anger management and parenting struggles. I always say, "Counseling is difficult. If it were easy, everyone would be doing it". It is important for you to be ready to commit and explore new ways of thinking and handling situations.
(772) 732-4031 View (772) 732-4031
Photo of Dr. Dean Leav - Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Verified Verified
Huntington, WV 25701
I’m Dr. Dean Leav. I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I conduct ADHD / autism / learning disability evaluations, legal / forensic evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), cognitive / neuropsychological evaluations, diagnostic psychological evaluations, immigration evaluations, adoption evaluations, parenting / bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness for duty evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychological evaluations / assessments.
I’m Dr. Dean Leav. I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I conduct ADHD / autism / learning disability evaluations, legal / forensic evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), cognitive / neuropsychological evaluations, diagnostic psychological evaluations, immigration evaluations, adoption evaluations, parenting / bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness for duty evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychological evaluations / assessments.
(304) 779-8517 View (304) 779-8517
Photo of Cassandra Chapman, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, CCMHC
Cassandra Chapman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
Huntington, WV 25701
Waitlist for new clients
My ideal clients are teens or adults who want learn tools for long term happiness. Issues I enjoy treating are substance use, binge eating, grief, loss, trauma, relationship issues, marriage counseling, anxiety and depression. For success, I provide judgement free space and unconditional positive regard, mixed with some humor and direction. I like to dive deep with my clients, utilizing their strengths, which will allow them to become more free and self-sufficient, with healthier relationships.
My ideal clients are teens or adults who want learn tools for long term happiness. Issues I enjoy treating are substance use, binge eating, grief, loss, trauma, relationship issues, marriage counseling, anxiety and depression. For success, I provide judgement free space and unconditional positive regard, mixed with some humor and direction. I like to dive deep with my clients, utilizing their strengths, which will allow them to become more free and self-sufficient, with healthier relationships.
(304) 381-6067 View (304) 381-6067
Photo of Marissa Sparkman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW
Marissa Sparkman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW
Verified Verified
Huntington, WV 25701
Waitlist for new clients
Isn’t it hard to be a person sometimes? Life can be challenging, and you don’t have to go through it alone. My goal is to create a safe and nonjudgmental space where you can explore who you are, what you’re feeling, and where you want to go. Starting therapy can feel like a big leap into the unknown, and I get that it can be intimidating. I’ve been there! I’m here to assure you that you’re not alone in this. My approach is compassionate and client-centered, meaning that I meet you where you are, and we figure it out along the way.
Isn’t it hard to be a person sometimes? Life can be challenging, and you don’t have to go through it alone. My goal is to create a safe and nonjudgmental space where you can explore who you are, what you’re feeling, and where you want to go. Starting therapy can feel like a big leap into the unknown, and I get that it can be intimidating. I’ve been there! I’m here to assure you that you’re not alone in this. My approach is compassionate and client-centered, meaning that I meet you where you are, and we figure it out along the way.
(304) 944-5260 View (304) 944-5260
Photo of Tina C Outlaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BSW, MSW, LISW-CP, CP
Tina C Outlaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BSW, MSW, LISW-CP, CP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Looking for a different, more personal therapy experience, here it is ! I work collaboratively with you and your child/adolescent/family to develop a plan together on the second session, get a new skill each week, and see progress within 8 sessions. With 29 of years experience with children, adolescents and adults recovering from trauma, grief, emotional or behavioral challenges with educational or work-related issues in schools, group homes, rural health care clinics and military facilities. Sessions are online with a confidential platform to offer connivence and accessibility to any location in South Carolina.
Looking for a different, more personal therapy experience, here it is ! I work collaboratively with you and your child/adolescent/family to develop a plan together on the second session, get a new skill each week, and see progress within 8 sessions. With 29 of years experience with children, adolescents and adults recovering from trauma, grief, emotional or behavioral challenges with educational or work-related issues in schools, group homes, rural health care clinics and military facilities. Sessions are online with a confidential platform to offer connivence and accessibility to any location in South Carolina.
(843) 256-2277 View (843) 256-2277
Photo of Leah Deal, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Leah Deal
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Beckley, WV 25801
I strive to serve people who feel unworthy, hopeless, or stuck. People who want to create positive change and are willing to co-create that by taking it one step at a time. I believe that anyone is capable of creating realistic, healthy goals that will increase their sense of wellbeing in their everyday life.
I strive to serve people who feel unworthy, hopeless, or stuck. People who want to create positive change and are willing to co-create that by taking it one step at a time. I believe that anyone is capable of creating realistic, healthy goals that will increase their sense of wellbeing in their everyday life.
(304) 513-4536 View (304) 513-4536
Photo of Lindy Hoeft, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lindy Hoeft
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
South Charleston, WV 25303
I believe safety is the foundation of trust and growth in any therapeutic process. My goal is to create a space where you feel supported, seen, and heard as you explore your true self and navigate life’s challenges. Whether you're dealing with anxiety, depression, chronic illness, major life transitions, or the effects of past trauma, I’m here to help you uncover your potential and find balance along the way.
I believe safety is the foundation of trust and growth in any therapeutic process. My goal is to create a space where you feel supported, seen, and heard as you explore your true self and navigate life’s challenges. Whether you're dealing with anxiety, depression, chronic illness, major life transitions, or the effects of past trauma, I’m here to help you uncover your potential and find balance along the way.
(681) 375-3420 View (681) 375-3420
Photo of Christina Hill, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ALPS
Christina Hill
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ALPS
Verified Verified
Charleston, WV 25301
Peace of Mind Therapy & Wellness is an independent private practice in Charleston, WV. At my practice, I am dedicated to providing quality counseling services in a warm and welcoming atmosphere. I have over 12 plus years of experience in the Mental Health field working in multiple settings including hospital, community, educational, and private practice. I specialize in the treatment of children, adolescents, and families who are struggling with emotional, behavioral, and relationship issues. My therapy style is warm, interactive, and empowering. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion.
Peace of Mind Therapy & Wellness is an independent private practice in Charleston, WV. At my practice, I am dedicated to providing quality counseling services in a warm and welcoming atmosphere. I have over 12 plus years of experience in the Mental Health field working in multiple settings including hospital, community, educational, and private practice. I specialize in the treatment of children, adolescents, and families who are struggling with emotional, behavioral, and relationship issues. My therapy style is warm, interactive, and empowering. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion.
(304) 621-6220 View (304) 621-6220
Photo of Ruth Riffe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, ADC
Ruth Riffe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, ADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Union, WV 24983
I am committed to providing the support and tools you need to begin the healing process. I have over twenty years of experience in the behavioral health field and consider it an honor to be part of your healing journey of self-discovery. Sometimes life situations cause feelings of hopelessness and despair. I am here to tell you that there is HOPE and we will find the tools together to work through whatever issues you may be facing. My goal is to create a safe, supportive, environment that promotes healing and empowerment. As partners we will work towards nurturing the strength, confidence and skills you need to succeed.
I am committed to providing the support and tools you need to begin the healing process. I have over twenty years of experience in the behavioral health field and consider it an honor to be part of your healing journey of self-discovery. Sometimes life situations cause feelings of hopelessness and despair. I am here to tell you that there is HOPE and we will find the tools together to work through whatever issues you may be facing. My goal is to create a safe, supportive, environment that promotes healing and empowerment. As partners we will work towards nurturing the strength, confidence and skills you need to succeed.
(304) 924-4561 View (304) 924-4561

See more therapy options for Mingo County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Mingo County, WV

< 10

Therapists in Mingo County, WV who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Coping Skills
100% Stress
100% Life Transitions
50% Grief
50% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)

Average years in practice

6 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
100% Anthem

How Therapists in Mingo County, WV see their clients

100% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Mingo County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.