Therapists in Seward Park, Seattle, WA

Photo of David Fleit, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT, MPA
David Fleit
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT, MPA
2 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I support individuals, couples, and families in topic areas such as: communication support, conflict resolution/repair, dating and relationship concerns, sex & intimacy, desire discrepancy, erectile variance, infidelity, gender and sexual identity, and concerns related to pornography use. I work with clients to better manage stress, anxiety, depression, and anger, as well as build emotional expression skills and emotional regulation strategies. My goal is to support clients in improving their relationships with the people that surround them and to develop a healthier relationship with themselves.
I support individuals, couples, and families in topic areas such as: communication support, conflict resolution/repair, dating and relationship concerns, sex & intimacy, desire discrepancy, erectile variance, infidelity, gender and sexual identity, and concerns related to pornography use. I work with clients to better manage stress, anxiety, depression, and anger, as well as build emotional expression skills and emotional regulation strategies. My goal is to support clients in improving their relationships with the people that surround them and to develop a healthier relationship with themselves.
(206) 593-3789 View (206) 593-3789
Photo of Eli Hastings - Changing Stories Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFA, MA, LMFT
Changing Stories Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFA, MA, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I have room for 2-3 new clients, preferably OOP or Premera.However, I am also diversifying my career and am open to many clients as a trauma writing mentor/editor and more. Writing through healing is at least of equal value to psychotherapy. If you are interested in these services, visit me at www.elihastings.com) - I would be so delighted to work in tandem with other therapists, so please do consider if your clients might benefit!
I have room for 2-3 new clients, preferably OOP or Premera.However, I am also diversifying my career and am open to many clients as a trauma writing mentor/editor and more. Writing through healing is at least of equal value to psychotherapy. If you are interested in these services, visit me at www.elihastings.com) - I would be so delighted to work in tandem with other therapists, so please do consider if your clients might benefit!
(206) 535-1958 View (206) 535-1958
Photo of Dr. Katherine Skillestad Winans - Katherine Winans (PsyPact Discernment Counseling), Psychologist, PhD, PSYPACT, CSTIP, CFRC
Katherine Winans (PsyPact Discernment Counseling)
Psychologist, PhD, PSYPACT, CSTIP, CFRC
2 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Happy New Year! With three decades of clinical, research, and academic experience, I specialize in working with individuals navigating trauma, serious mental illness, anxiety, depression, perfectionism, and relationship concerns. My approach is relational and attuned—I work at a pace that respects your agency and emotional readiness. I create a space where you can feel safe, seen, and supported, helping you move toward deeper healing and more fulfilling relationships. Whether you're feeling stuck or simply ready for change, let today be the start of your healing journey—not just "someday."
Happy New Year! With three decades of clinical, research, and academic experience, I specialize in working with individuals navigating trauma, serious mental illness, anxiety, depression, perfectionism, and relationship concerns. My approach is relational and attuned—I work at a pace that respects your agency and emotional readiness. I create a space where you can feel safe, seen, and supported, helping you move toward deeper healing and more fulfilling relationships. Whether you're feeling stuck or simply ready for change, let today be the start of your healing journey—not just "someday."
(206) 502-4573 View (206) 502-4573
Photo of Rebekah Clinger-Prince, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Rebekah Clinger-Prince
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
3 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I believe that growth is always possible. My approach is collaborative, warm, and grounded in respect for your lived experience—you are the expert on your own life. I help clients build self-awareness, strengthen coping skills, and navigate challenges with more clarity and compassion. Clients come to me for many reasons, including stress, burnout, caregiving responsibilities, family building, shifting family patterns, or supporting loved ones with serious mental illness. Whether you’re starting therapy for the first time or returning during a difficult season, I’m here to provide support that fits your needs.
I believe that growth is always possible. My approach is collaborative, warm, and grounded in respect for your lived experience—you are the expert on your own life. I help clients build self-awareness, strengthen coping skills, and navigate challenges with more clarity and compassion. Clients come to me for many reasons, including stress, burnout, caregiving responsibilities, family building, shifting family patterns, or supporting loved ones with serious mental illness. Whether you’re starting therapy for the first time or returning during a difficult season, I’m here to provide support that fits your needs.
(206) 823-2912 View (206) 823-2912
Photo of Joseph S Weiss, Psychologist, PhD
Joseph S Weiss
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Do you have repetitive thoughts, worry or overthink things and can't perform as well as you could? Do you want to enhance your success socially or at work, on tests, public speaking or at sports? You can achieve your goals by learning the skills that Olympic athletes use to be calmer and more focused. You can be coached to be more consistently relaxed, and to more effectively handle stress. Call me to identify how you can be helped effectively and more rapidly. I have integrated Western & Eastern methods that complement and enhance the speed and quality of your results.
Do you have repetitive thoughts, worry or overthink things and can't perform as well as you could? Do you want to enhance your success socially or at work, on tests, public speaking or at sports? You can achieve your goals by learning the skills that Olympic athletes use to be calmer and more focused. You can be coached to be more consistently relaxed, and to more effectively handle stress. Call me to identify how you can be helped effectively and more rapidly. I have integrated Western & Eastern methods that complement and enhance the speed and quality of your results.
(206) 745-4933 View (206) 745-4933
Photo of Nancy Montstream, Counselor, MA, LMHCA, NCC
Nancy Montstream
Counselor, MA, LMHCA, NCC
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Welcome! I am here to support and encourage you through the trials and joys of your life experiences. It is an honor and privilege to be allowed into the deep and private areas of your life. Many of my clients enter therapy after a life crisis such as a death or illness, a change in season, a break-up, family struggles, the effect of an addiction, identity issues, spiritual struggles or simply patterns of worry or regret. My desire is to sit with those who are hurting and to walk alongside those who are on a journey towards healing, wholeness, or personal growth.
Welcome! I am here to support and encourage you through the trials and joys of your life experiences. It is an honor and privilege to be allowed into the deep and private areas of your life. Many of my clients enter therapy after a life crisis such as a death or illness, a change in season, a break-up, family struggles, the effect of an addiction, identity issues, spiritual struggles or simply patterns of worry or regret. My desire is to sit with those who are hurting and to walk alongside those who are on a journey towards healing, wholeness, or personal growth.
(206) 385-1289 View (206) 385-1289
Photo of Jennifer Schulz, Counselor, MA, LMHC, PhD
Jennifer Schulz
Counselor, MA, LMHC, PhD
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Many people come to therapy feeling stuck, uncertain, or weighed down by pain. I believe these moments can also be turning points—opportunities to reimagine what’s possible with the right support. I offer a non-judgmental and thought-provoking opportunity to help you foster deep curiosity and discover new ways forward. For over 20 years, I’ve worked with individuals and couples navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, and difficulties at work or in relationships. My research has explored trauma, hopelessness, empathy, intimacy, as well as finding well-being even in the midst of profound uncertainty.
Many people come to therapy feeling stuck, uncertain, or weighed down by pain. I believe these moments can also be turning points—opportunities to reimagine what’s possible with the right support. I offer a non-judgmental and thought-provoking opportunity to help you foster deep curiosity and discover new ways forward. For over 20 years, I’ve worked with individuals and couples navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, and difficulties at work or in relationships. My research has explored trauma, hopelessness, empathy, intimacy, as well as finding well-being even in the midst of profound uncertainty.
(206) 395-3354 View (206) 395-3354
Photo of Molly Coffin - Molly Coffin Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC, PMH-C
Molly Coffin Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSWAIC, PMH-C
6 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Being in relationship with others without losing ourselves can be challenging. It is especially hard during periods of transition - when we're taking on a new role, making a major life change, or adjusting to a loss. I listen closely and carefully to support you in your efforts to manage life's peaks and valleys, to find or amplify your voice, and to stay connected to your true self as you navigate change. With humor and compassion, I will guide you toward making conscious choices that align with your values and goals.
Being in relationship with others without losing ourselves can be challenging. It is especially hard during periods of transition - when we're taking on a new role, making a major life change, or adjusting to a loss. I listen closely and carefully to support you in your efforts to manage life's peaks and valleys, to find or amplify your voice, and to stay connected to your true self as you navigate change. With humor and compassion, I will guide you toward making conscious choices that align with your values and goals.
(206) 589-1740 View (206) 589-1740
Photo of Lindsey Walker, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Lindsey Walker
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
6 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
With 15 years of experience, I have seen people overcome and shift significant obstacles - in both individual and couples therapy. I offer a warm, steady space to slow down, explore what is in and out of your awareness, and move toward lasting change. Whether you’re struggling with relationship challenges, life transitions, or feeling lost, we can be partners in reconnecting with yourself and building the life and relationships you truly want.
With 15 years of experience, I have seen people overcome and shift significant obstacles - in both individual and couples therapy. I offer a warm, steady space to slow down, explore what is in and out of your awareness, and move toward lasting change. Whether you’re struggling with relationship challenges, life transitions, or feeling lost, we can be partners in reconnecting with yourself and building the life and relationships you truly want.
(206) 707-9392 View (206) 707-9392
Photo of Erica Meurk, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Erica Meurk
Counselor, MA, LMHC
5 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Whether you’re dealing with a difficult transition, experiencing overwhelming emotions, or feeling stuck in your personal or professional life, exploring what’s troubling you in a safe and supportive environment can lay the groundwork for lifelong fulfillment. As your counselor, I will collaborate with you to explore old patterns and overcome barriers to wellness so that you can reach your goals and live in accordance with your values.
Whether you’re dealing with a difficult transition, experiencing overwhelming emotions, or feeling stuck in your personal or professional life, exploring what’s troubling you in a safe and supportive environment can lay the groundwork for lifelong fulfillment. As your counselor, I will collaborate with you to explore old patterns and overcome barriers to wellness so that you can reach your goals and live in accordance with your values.
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Photo of Jane McPhedran, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Jane McPhedran
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I work with individuals and couples who are navigating life transitions, interested in improving their relationships, or experiencing anxiety or depression. I strive to create a nurturing environment, where you feel heard and accepted. Together, we approach life’s challenges as opportunities for growth and transformation.
I work with individuals and couples who are navigating life transitions, interested in improving their relationships, or experiencing anxiety or depression. I strive to create a nurturing environment, where you feel heard and accepted. Together, we approach life’s challenges as opportunities for growth and transformation.
(206) 309-0813 View (206) 309-0813
Photo of Eric Lichter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Eric Lichter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I am a licensed psychotherapist in the state of Washington. I work with adults, couples and teens who are at a place in their life where they are wanting or needing to make a change, but sometimes not sure how to go about it. My approach encourages clients to take responsibility for their lives but also helps to uncover what obstacles have gotten in the way of them feeling powerful, happy, and in charge of their direction in life.
I am a licensed psychotherapist in the state of Washington. I work with adults, couples and teens who are at a place in their life where they are wanting or needing to make a change, but sometimes not sure how to go about it. My approach encourages clients to take responsibility for their lives but also helps to uncover what obstacles have gotten in the way of them feeling powerful, happy, and in charge of their direction in life.
(206) 504-3752 View (206) 504-3752
Photo of Rachel Freund, Psychologist, PhD
Rachel Freund
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
My treatment approach is rooted in my relationship with each individual, and blends client experience, clinical expertise, and evidence-based practices to move toward identified goals. It is collaborative, client-centered, and practical. My aim is to provide a context for healing and growth, so that clients can move toward what is most important and meaningful to them. I bring my personal values of compassion, curiosity, & present-centeredness to sessions. I am gentle & supportive, yet direct & goal-oriented. I am passionate about helping people suffer less and fully live their best lives.
My treatment approach is rooted in my relationship with each individual, and blends client experience, clinical expertise, and evidence-based practices to move toward identified goals. It is collaborative, client-centered, and practical. My aim is to provide a context for healing and growth, so that clients can move toward what is most important and meaningful to them. I bring my personal values of compassion, curiosity, & present-centeredness to sessions. I am gentle & supportive, yet direct & goal-oriented. I am passionate about helping people suffer less and fully live their best lives.
(206) 475-1401 View (206) 475-1401
Photo of Ashley Fleit, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Ashley Fleit
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I am a couples and sex therapist who works with relationships and individuals. I see folks in person in Seward Park and via telehealth. I hope to foster an environment that supports you as individuals within your relationship(s). Area's I work with folks around are: increasing connection, struggles around communication, conflict, knowledge/awareness of self, repair, topics around sex + intimacy, emotional regulation, acceptance, growth, and healing. I work with all gender, sexual, romantic and relationship identities. I am sex positive and HAES-aligned.
I am a couples and sex therapist who works with relationships and individuals. I see folks in person in Seward Park and via telehealth. I hope to foster an environment that supports you as individuals within your relationship(s). Area's I work with folks around are: increasing connection, struggles around communication, conflict, knowledge/awareness of self, repair, topics around sex + intimacy, emotional regulation, acceptance, growth, and healing. I work with all gender, sexual, romantic and relationship identities. I am sex positive and HAES-aligned.
(206) 401-8276 View (206) 401-8276
Photo of James R Kinskey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
James R Kinskey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I work with teens, couples, and adults. I believe that psychotherapy offers unique possibilities for healing and growth. The first step in therapy is to understand your needs and develop an approach and plan that will help achieve your goals. I will listen carefully and thoughtfully to you. This opens up new ways of approaching problems. Working together lightens the load.
I work with teens, couples, and adults. I believe that psychotherapy offers unique possibilities for healing and growth. The first step in therapy is to understand your needs and develop an approach and plan that will help achieve your goals. I will listen carefully and thoughtfully to you. This opens up new ways of approaching problems. Working together lightens the load.
(206) 207-4558 View (206) 207-4558
Photo of Lilian Kalmanson Weckler - Lili Weckler , Marriage & Family Therapist, MFA, LMFT, SEP
Lili Weckler
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFA, LMFT, SEP
3 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
I specialize in working with couples and 2+ partnerships, in which one or more of the partners identifies as queer, trans, bi, and/or pansexual. I support the members of these partnerships in building fulfillment and security in their relationships, while also enjoying full expression of their identities. I help each person regulate and understand their own system, in order to have more freedom in the ways they show up with each other. I also work with individual, queer-identified adults and teenagers who want to develop pride, comfort and agency by unpacking & separating from the impacts of systemic oppression.
I specialize in working with couples and 2+ partnerships, in which one or more of the partners identifies as queer, trans, bi, and/or pansexual. I support the members of these partnerships in building fulfillment and security in their relationships, while also enjoying full expression of their identities. I help each person regulate and understand their own system, in order to have more freedom in the ways they show up with each other. I also work with individual, queer-identified adults and teenagers who want to develop pride, comfort and agency by unpacking & separating from the impacts of systemic oppression.
(415) 849-2991 View (415) 849-2991
Photo of Rachel Loch - Rachel Loch Counseling PLLC, Counselor, MA, LMHCA, ATR-P
Rachel Loch Counseling PLLC
Counselor, MA, LMHCA, ATR-P
2 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Whether you are getting to know yourself better or are seeking support while navigating life’s challenges, I would love to come alongside your journey to offer a compassionate and empowering space to process and grow in. I enjoy working with people who may be members of the LGBTQIA+ community, neurodivergent folks, and people with systemic or religious trauma. However, you don’t need to belong to these particular communities to work with me, I hope to see clients thrive in exactly who they are.
Whether you are getting to know yourself better or are seeking support while navigating life’s challenges, I would love to come alongside your journey to offer a compassionate and empowering space to process and grow in. I enjoy working with people who may be members of the LGBTQIA+ community, neurodivergent folks, and people with systemic or religious trauma. However, you don’t need to belong to these particular communities to work with me, I hope to see clients thrive in exactly who they are.
(509) 796-7912 View (509) 796-7912
Photo of Katrina Knutson - Katrina Knutson, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Katrina Knutson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
Life’s challenges, whether big transitions, past wounds, or daily stressors, can leave us feeling disconnected, stuck, or overwhelmed. Therapy offers a space to process, heal, and rediscover a sense of ease and connection. My approach is grounded in mindfulness, somatic awareness, and evidence-based techniques like EMDR and Polyvagal Theory. EMDR is a powerful method that helps the brain process distressing memories, reducing their emotional intensity so you can move forward with greater freedom. Whether you’re working through trauma, anxiety or self-limiting beliefs, EMDR can be a transformative tool in our work together.
Life’s challenges, whether big transitions, past wounds, or daily stressors, can leave us feeling disconnected, stuck, or overwhelmed. Therapy offers a space to process, heal, and rediscover a sense of ease and connection. My approach is grounded in mindfulness, somatic awareness, and evidence-based techniques like EMDR and Polyvagal Theory. EMDR is a powerful method that helps the brain process distressing memories, reducing their emotional intensity so you can move forward with greater freedom. Whether you’re working through trauma, anxiety or self-limiting beliefs, EMDR can be a transformative tool in our work together.
(425) 243-3056 View (425) 243-3056
Photo of Coburn Kirby Childs, Mental Health Counselor Associate , LMHCA
Coburn Kirby Childs
Mental Health Counselor Associate , LMHCA
17 Endorsed
Seward Park, Seattle, WA 98118
When we create, we heal. When we heal, we create. In therapy, the goal of our relationship is not to merely tell a good story, but a true story: to collaborate, help you discover more of your fullest and most authentic self, and start living it out. Oftentimes hurt, trauma, and/or harm will destroy our imaginations for a flourishing future. In a creative therapy space, we work to discover and reconnect to our imagination, get a foot in the door to healing, and begin the process of integration. I am committed to helping you experience restoration in your life and relationships, so you may live out your most flourishing story.
When we create, we heal. When we heal, we create. In therapy, the goal of our relationship is not to merely tell a good story, but a true story: to collaborate, help you discover more of your fullest and most authentic self, and start living it out. Oftentimes hurt, trauma, and/or harm will destroy our imaginations for a flourishing future. In a creative therapy space, we work to discover and reconnect to our imagination, get a foot in the door to healing, and begin the process of integration. I am committed to helping you experience restoration in your life and relationships, so you may live out your most flourishing story.
(425) 368-9946 View (425) 368-9946
Photo of Richie Terry, Counselor, LMHC
Richie Terry
Counselor, LMHC
Serves Area
I have a wide variety of experience with children, teens, and adults. I especially enjoy working with people who are exploring identity development or need help with challenging experiences. I view therapy as a tool for helping all of us move towards more authentic, caring and healthy selves.
I have a wide variety of experience with children, teens, and adults. I especially enjoy working with people who are exploring identity development or need help with challenging experiences. I view therapy as a tool for helping all of us move towards more authentic, caring and healthy selves.
(425) 528-8661 View (425) 528-8661

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Seward Park, Seattle, WA

30+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Seward Park, Seattle, WA who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
87% Relationship Issues
87% Depression
84% Trauma and PTSD
82% Grief
82% Self Esteem
74% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Premera Blue Cross
46% Regence
42% LifeWise

How Therapists in Seward Park, Seattle, WA see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

70% Female
22% Male
8% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Seward Park, Seattle?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.