Therapists in Lamoille County, VT

View cities in Lamoille County
Photo of Rick Barnett, Psychologist, PsyD, MA, MS, LADC
Rick Barnett
Psychologist, PsyD, MA, MS, LADC
Stowe, VT 05672
Expanding my practice to include Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy. Consultation available for psychedelic medicine preparation and integration. I convey understanding and optimism which may enhance a sense of meaning, awareness, and hope. I offer secure Online and Text-Based Consultations using various platforms. Some insurance accepted. Some prefer self-payment outside of insurance for privacy. Monthly subscription for text-based option using SIGNAL app.
Expanding my practice to include Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy. Consultation available for psychedelic medicine preparation and integration. I convey understanding and optimism which may enhance a sense of meaning, awareness, and hope. I offer secure Online and Text-Based Consultations using various platforms. Some insurance accepted. Some prefer self-payment outside of insurance for privacy. Monthly subscription for text-based option using SIGNAL app.
(802) 222-0105 View (802) 222-0105
Photo of Shaina Levee - Shaina Levee, M.A., Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Shaina Levee, M.A.
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Online Only
Accepting new clients 5/1/26 (by Zoom). Heart-centered: I work with people seeking steadiness in times of change. Clients often want relief from overwhelm, tools to regulate their nervous system, and a way to feel more present and connected in daily life. My approach is somatic, trauma-informed, and integrative, helping restore resilience, clarity, and deeper relationships. "Shaina has helped me find my strength, confidence and embrace the challenge of motherhood as a deep practice. Seeing Shaina has been the best gift I could give to myself and my family." I also specialize in birth & family, grief & trauma, & head injury recovery.
Accepting new clients 5/1/26 (by Zoom). Heart-centered: I work with people seeking steadiness in times of change. Clients often want relief from overwhelm, tools to regulate their nervous system, and a way to feel more present and connected in daily life. My approach is somatic, trauma-informed, and integrative, helping restore resilience, clarity, and deeper relationships. "Shaina has helped me find my strength, confidence and embrace the challenge of motherhood as a deep practice. Seeing Shaina has been the best gift I could give to myself and my family." I also specialize in birth & family, grief & trauma, & head injury recovery.
(833) 852-8313 View (833) 852-8313
Photo of Audrey Kiely, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Audrey Kiely
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Morrisville, VT 05661
I come to this work with an belief that people deserve to feel safety and joy in their lives, and that therapy should be a collaborative space that is both safe and challenging. I specialize in working with couples and families are looking to shape their experience differently. If you want to feel more connection and understanding in your relationships, I may be a good therapist for you. If you've been feeling stuck, or like you've done therapy in the past but always hit the same wall, or you're going through a big transition and want to be in it (instead of checking out of it), we may be a good fit.
I come to this work with an belief that people deserve to feel safety and joy in their lives, and that therapy should be a collaborative space that is both safe and challenging. I specialize in working with couples and families are looking to shape their experience differently. If you want to feel more connection and understanding in your relationships, I may be a good therapist for you. If you've been feeling stuck, or like you've done therapy in the past but always hit the same wall, or you're going through a big transition and want to be in it (instead of checking out of it), we may be a good fit.
(802) 255-8083 View (802) 255-8083
Photo of Rebecca Merson, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Rebecca Merson
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I'm a licensed clinical mental health therapist offering virtual therapy for adults and children in Vermont and Utah. My approach is warm, collaborative, and grounded in evidence-based practices. I am EMDR certified and have experience supporting clients through anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relationship challenges, and early childhood concerns. When working with children, I integrate play therapy and sand tray therapy to help them process and express their emotions in developmentally appropriate ways.
I'm a licensed clinical mental health therapist offering virtual therapy for adults and children in Vermont and Utah. My approach is warm, collaborative, and grounded in evidence-based practices. I am EMDR certified and have experience supporting clients through anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relationship challenges, and early childhood concerns. When working with children, I integrate play therapy and sand tray therapy to help them process and express their emotions in developmentally appropriate ways.
(802) 215-5400 View (802) 215-5400
Photo of Eleanor Gagne, Registered Psychotherapist, MSW
Eleanor Gagne
Registered Psychotherapist, MSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Going through trauma or loss can leave you feeling weighed down by emotions or patterns that no longer serve you. In our sessions, we’ll focus on building coping skills, increasing self-awareness, and creating a space where you can show up as you are. We’ll focus on tapping into your inner strength, embracing your resilience, and recognizing that you're capable of facing tough challenges. Together, we’ll work toward creating a life that feels empowering and fulfilling.
Going through trauma or loss can leave you feeling weighed down by emotions or patterns that no longer serve you. In our sessions, we’ll focus on building coping skills, increasing self-awareness, and creating a space where you can show up as you are. We’ll focus on tapping into your inner strength, embracing your resilience, and recognizing that you're capable of facing tough challenges. Together, we’ll work toward creating a life that feels empowering and fulfilling.
(802) 392-2317 View (802) 392-2317
Photo of Shane C. Shepperd, Counselor, MEd, NCC, LCMHC
Shane C. Shepperd
Counselor, MEd, NCC, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Stowe, VT 05672
Available for individual and couples therapy. As a compassionate and client-centered therapist, I am committed to creating a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and aspirations. Whether you’re navigating identity, relationships, or self-acceptance, I am here to support you unconditionally. Together, we’ll uncover practical strategies and empower you to overcome challenges. Let’s focus on solutions, resilience, and growth. Your well-being is my priority.
Available for individual and couples therapy. As a compassionate and client-centered therapist, I am committed to creating a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and aspirations. Whether you’re navigating identity, relationships, or self-acceptance, I am here to support you unconditionally. Together, we’ll uncover practical strategies and empower you to overcome challenges. Let’s focus on solutions, resilience, and growth. Your well-being is my priority.
(802) 454-5005 View (802) 454-5005
Photo of Jessyca Nellé, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Jessyca Nellé
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Morrisville, VT 05661
Hi, I’m Jessyca Nelle —a licensed clinical mental health counselor with over 15 years of experience supporting children, teens, adults, and families. I am deeply passionate about helping individuals heal from trauma and break cycles that hold them back from living fully. My practice is grounded in compassion, collaboration, and a belief in everyone’s capacity for growth and change. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, family challenges, or the lingering effects of past experiences, I provide a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can feel heard, understood, and empowered to move forward.
Hi, I’m Jessyca Nelle —a licensed clinical mental health counselor with over 15 years of experience supporting children, teens, adults, and families. I am deeply passionate about helping individuals heal from trauma and break cycles that hold them back from living fully. My practice is grounded in compassion, collaboration, and a belief in everyone’s capacity for growth and change. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, family challenges, or the lingering effects of past experiences, I provide a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can feel heard, understood, and empowered to move forward.
(802) 200-2784 View (802) 200-2784
Photo of Ed Loewenton, Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Ed Loewenton
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Online Only
We all experience daily challenges to our sense of personal effectiveness and identity, safety and physical security, and belonging to others who welcome and understand us. When our efforts to deal with these challenges are not working, we can experience behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that are distressing or even disabling. This can be expressed as angry feelings or behavior, uncontrolled anxiety and fears, or unproductive or harmful ways to deal with these emotions. I offer psychotherapy: Healing the problems of emotion, thinking, relationships, and behavior that can make life so difficult.
We all experience daily challenges to our sense of personal effectiveness and identity, safety and physical security, and belonging to others who welcome and understand us. When our efforts to deal with these challenges are not working, we can experience behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that are distressing or even disabling. This can be expressed as angry feelings or behavior, uncontrolled anxiety and fears, or unproductive or harmful ways to deal with these emotions. I offer psychotherapy: Healing the problems of emotion, thinking, relationships, and behavior that can make life so difficult.
(802) 870-3260 View (802) 870-3260
Photo of Anna Sullivan Reiser - Anna Reiser Counseling , MA
Anna Reiser Counseling
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stowe, VT 05672
**My Practice is Currently Full** I have experience counseling children and families, as well as adults. I have worked with incarcerated youth in juvenile detention, and as a counselor for the Public Defender’s office and District Attorney’s office. I worked as a counselor for The Santa Fe Mountain Center helping to create educational and therapeutic wilderness programs for at-risk teens and I am a certified It’s Yoga, Kids® yoga instructor. My counseling is characterized by empathy and collaboration. By training, I am a solution-focused counselor who is highly motivated to help you achieve your goals. I currently live in Stowe, VT.
**My Practice is Currently Full** I have experience counseling children and families, as well as adults. I have worked with incarcerated youth in juvenile detention, and as a counselor for the Public Defender’s office and District Attorney’s office. I worked as a counselor for The Santa Fe Mountain Center helping to create educational and therapeutic wilderness programs for at-risk teens and I am a certified It’s Yoga, Kids® yoga instructor. My counseling is characterized by empathy and collaboration. By training, I am a solution-focused counselor who is highly motivated to help you achieve your goals. I currently live in Stowe, VT.
(802) 441-7217 View (802) 441-7217
Photo of Ashley Holmes, Counselor, LMHC, MA
Ashley Holmes
Counselor, LMHC, MA
Morrisville, VT 05661
We all arrive on this Earth with a plan. Sometimes the plan gets muddled, confusing and scary. Sometimes our labeling of these experiences as “bad” can create stagnation in growth and deny us the insight that natural grieving gives to stretch into our higher versions of self. My practice offers a space for deep, compassionate healing and is rooted in the belief that we are all layered, complex, and capable of profound transformation. I specialize in supporting LGBTQIA2S+ individuals, new moms, and young adults as they navigate life’s challenges, reconnect with their inner wisdom, and rediscover their joy.
We all arrive on this Earth with a plan. Sometimes the plan gets muddled, confusing and scary. Sometimes our labeling of these experiences as “bad” can create stagnation in growth and deny us the insight that natural grieving gives to stretch into our higher versions of self. My practice offers a space for deep, compassionate healing and is rooted in the belief that we are all layered, complex, and capable of profound transformation. I specialize in supporting LGBTQIA2S+ individuals, new moms, and young adults as they navigate life’s challenges, reconnect with their inner wisdom, and rediscover their joy.
(802) 200-2531 View (802) 200-2531
Photo of Kary Bennett, Counselor, MA, LCMHC, CN
Kary Bennett
Counselor, MA, LCMHC, CN
3 Endorsed
Stowe, VT 05672
My work's passion lies in my belief that the body, mind, and spirit are deeply connected; therefore, the emotional, physical, and spiritual aspects of each individual needs to be balanced for growth and healing to occur. I acknowledge and respect that your search for health and balance in your life is unique to you. In our work together, we will create a safe and trusting space for you to slow down and focus on your present-moment experiences. This allows you to truly listen to your internal wisdom to gain an understanding of what is needed to reduce your suffering.
My work's passion lies in my belief that the body, mind, and spirit are deeply connected; therefore, the emotional, physical, and spiritual aspects of each individual needs to be balanced for growth and healing to occur. I acknowledge and respect that your search for health and balance in your life is unique to you. In our work together, we will create a safe and trusting space for you to slow down and focus on your present-moment experiences. This allows you to truly listen to your internal wisdom to gain an understanding of what is needed to reduce your suffering.
(802) 339-4616 View (802) 339-4616
Photo of Carrie Patterson, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Carrie Patterson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
1 Endorsed
Stowe, VT 05672
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes life brings challenges that weigh heavily on us, testing our patience and inner strength. Approaching these moments with self-compassion, along with a supportive mindset and perspective, can help us navigate them with greater stability and grounding.
Sometimes life brings challenges that weigh heavily on us, testing our patience and inner strength. Approaching these moments with self-compassion, along with a supportive mindset and perspective, can help us navigate them with greater stability and grounding.
(802) 808-6807 View (802) 808-6807
Photo of Mark A Ferriman, Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Mark A Ferriman
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Online Only
Today, you have taken an important first step by seeking therapeutic support for the challenges you are facing. Life is a wonderful journey. Though rewarding, sometimes life presents us with situations that can be difficult, overwhelming, stressful and sometimes traumatic. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, (CBT) is evidenced based and proven to help with trauma, anxiety, family, relationships, work, financial, grief, loss or addiction. My name is Mark Ferriman, Let me help you overcome these challenges through the process of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
Today, you have taken an important first step by seeking therapeutic support for the challenges you are facing. Life is a wonderful journey. Though rewarding, sometimes life presents us with situations that can be difficult, overwhelming, stressful and sometimes traumatic. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, (CBT) is evidenced based and proven to help with trauma, anxiety, family, relationships, work, financial, grief, loss or addiction. My name is Mark Ferriman, Let me help you overcome these challenges through the process of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
(802) 278-4509 View (802) 278-4509
Photo of Drea Renzelli - Drea Renzelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C, LISW-S
Drea Renzelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C, LISW-S
Online Only
Are you experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression? Are you struggling to navigate unhealthy or abusive relationships? Or maybe it’s difficult for you to establish heathy boundaries and you notice the same problems keep coming up in many of your relationships. EMDR intensive therapy can help get to the root of these issues more quickly than traditional talk therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has been helping clients with these issues since completing my Master of Social Work in 2005.
Are you experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression? Are you struggling to navigate unhealthy or abusive relationships? Or maybe it’s difficult for you to establish heathy boundaries and you notice the same problems keep coming up in many of your relationships. EMDR intensive therapy can help get to the root of these issues more quickly than traditional talk therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has been helping clients with these issues since completing my Master of Social Work in 2005.
(740) 679-6534 View (740) 679-6534
Photo of Matthew Sadowsky, Psychologist, MA, LPM, LCHT
Matthew Sadowsky
Psychologist, MA, LPM, LCHT
1 Endorsed
Stowe, VT 05672
I am accepting clients 16 and older in my Stowe office as well as offering supervision services for pre- licensed clinicians. My goal is to help you reduce your struggle and suffering while increasing your capacity for joy, flexibility, and fulfillment. I will support you in gaining insight into what’s getting in the way of living a fulfilling life and then support you to develop the skills to live this life. My twenty plus years of experience has shown me that everyone has this potential and that YOU are the expert on you. Our time together may be filled with laughter, tears, or joy as we deepen into what’s most important to you.
I am accepting clients 16 and older in my Stowe office as well as offering supervision services for pre- licensed clinicians. My goal is to help you reduce your struggle and suffering while increasing your capacity for joy, flexibility, and fulfillment. I will support you in gaining insight into what’s getting in the way of living a fulfilling life and then support you to develop the skills to live this life. My twenty plus years of experience has shown me that everyone has this potential and that YOU are the expert on you. Our time together may be filled with laughter, tears, or joy as we deepen into what’s most important to you.
(802) 255-9161 View (802) 255-9161
Photo of Jack Wildwood, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD
Jack Wildwood
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD
2 Endorsed
Morrisville, VT 05661
Waitlist for new clients
Currently not accepting new clients! Individuals of all gender, sexual, and racial identities are welcome at my practice! I believe in the importance of providing a safe and affirming space for individuals to feel curious about and explore themselves, their experiences, and their relationships. I also hope to encourage folks to feel curious about what they are currently holding onto that no longer serves them. I always hope to act as a fellow traveler with folks on their journeys to find and create meaning. I also believe in the importance of supporting folks in finding and creating their most aligned and Authentic version of Self.
Currently not accepting new clients! Individuals of all gender, sexual, and racial identities are welcome at my practice! I believe in the importance of providing a safe and affirming space for individuals to feel curious about and explore themselves, their experiences, and their relationships. I also hope to encourage folks to feel curious about what they are currently holding onto that no longer serves them. I always hope to act as a fellow traveler with folks on their journeys to find and create meaning. I also believe in the importance of supporting folks in finding and creating their most aligned and Authentic version of Self.
(833) 444-7088 View (833) 444-7088
Photo of Elizabeth Lashar, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, ATR
Elizabeth Lashar
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, ATR
Stowe, VT 05672
Not accepting new clients
Currently not accepting new clients, away on maternity leave. I provide art therapy and counseling to ages 7+ Art therapy is an experiential process of creating and learning about oneself. I support individuals who struggle with a variety of challenges such as anxiety, depression, grief, and PTSD etc. I specialize in helping people explore their thoughts and feelings through art and art processing. My approach is humanistic, integrative, and person focused.
Currently not accepting new clients, away on maternity leave. I provide art therapy and counseling to ages 7+ Art therapy is an experiential process of creating and learning about oneself. I support individuals who struggle with a variety of challenges such as anxiety, depression, grief, and PTSD etc. I specialize in helping people explore their thoughts and feelings through art and art processing. My approach is humanistic, integrative, and person focused.
(802) 585-1190 View (802) 585-1190
Photo of John Aarts, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LADC
John Aarts
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LADC
Morrisville, VT 05661
Everyone wants to have a Successful Life? You know that your life could be better, but you don’t know where to start. You feel overwhelmed. You fall back on the same patterns because they feel familiar, but you know that you need to try something different. My role as a counselor is to guide you toward successful recovery from dependence or abuse. During our confidential, one-on-one meetings, I will share my ideas for you to find successful recovery. I can help you build a strong bridge to move forward.
Everyone wants to have a Successful Life? You know that your life could be better, but you don’t know where to start. You feel overwhelmed. You fall back on the same patterns because they feel familiar, but you know that you need to try something different. My role as a counselor is to guide you toward successful recovery from dependence or abuse. During our confidential, one-on-one meetings, I will share my ideas for you to find successful recovery. I can help you build a strong bridge to move forward.
(802) 648-8103 View (802) 648-8103
Photo of Victoria Croswell - New Hope Therapeutic Services LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
New Hope Therapeutic Services LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Stowe, VT 05672
Personalized mental healthcare where HOPE is restored for individuals and families.
Personalized mental healthcare where HOPE is restored for individuals and families.
(203) 896-8161 View (203) 896-8161
Photo of Kate Donnally, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Kate Donnally
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Morrisville, VT 05661
My approach is highly strengths-based and relational; driven by the belief that a strong, engaging, trusting therapeutic relationship is essential in supporting people to move towards their personal goals. Whether goals are met quickly or over a longer span of time, treatment is focused and goal-oriented. Particular attention is given to naming and enhancing each individual's inherent skills and self-care abilities. I work to build each person's confidence that they have the strengths necessary to reach whatever state they choose for their self.
My approach is highly strengths-based and relational; driven by the belief that a strong, engaging, trusting therapeutic relationship is essential in supporting people to move towards their personal goals. Whether goals are met quickly or over a longer span of time, treatment is focused and goal-oriented. Particular attention is given to naming and enhancing each individual's inherent skills and self-care abilities. I work to build each person's confidence that they have the strengths necessary to reach whatever state they choose for their self.
View

See more therapy options for Lamoille County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lamoille County, VT

100+

Average cost per session

$137

Therapists in Lamoille County, VT who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
78% Relationship Issues
78% Depression
72% Self Esteem
69% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD
60% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% BlueCross and BlueShield
69% Medicaid
49% MVP Health Care

How Therapists in Lamoille County, VT see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
25% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lamoille County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.