Therapists in Charlotte, VT

Photo of Mark Nash, Counselor, MS, NCC, LCMHC
Mark Nash
Counselor, MS, NCC, LCMHC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Okay. Here's the thing. Nobody really knows how therapy works, or why some people get better with one approach and some another. What we do know is that if you connect with your therapist, and if you really commit to digging in and doing the work, healing and change can happen, and things can get better. And I can help you with that. I'll listen to you. I'll pay close attention. I'll meet you where you're at, with empathy and compassion and even some humor. And I'll tell you the truth.
Okay. Here's the thing. Nobody really knows how therapy works, or why some people get better with one approach and some another. What we do know is that if you connect with your therapist, and if you really commit to digging in and doing the work, healing and change can happen, and things can get better. And I can help you with that. I'll listen to you. I'll pay close attention. I'll meet you where you're at, with empathy and compassion and even some humor. And I'll tell you the truth.
(802) 242-4014 View (802) 242-4014
Photo of Douglas Engel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, LICSW, MPS, BA
Douglas Engel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, LICSW, MPS, BA
Online Only
For the past 30 years I have worked with a wide range of clients ranging from children and adolescents to older adults. I have a post graduate degree in family therapy from the Ackerman Institute in New York City, the most respected family therapy training program in the country. Currently I work with folks 17 - 80 and particularly enjoy marriage counseling. I've helped individuals struggling with depression, grief, anger issues, anxiety and the effects of past trauma.
For the past 30 years I have worked with a wide range of clients ranging from children and adolescents to older adults. I have a post graduate degree in family therapy from the Ackerman Institute in New York City, the most respected family therapy training program in the country. Currently I work with folks 17 - 80 and particularly enjoy marriage counseling. I've helped individuals struggling with depression, grief, anger issues, anxiety and the effects of past trauma.
(802) 348-2136 View (802) 348-2136
Photo of Jill Sayre Wolcott, Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Jill Sayre Wolcott
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Online Only
Earth school isn't easy. It brings up all kinds of feelings that can be intense, frightening and painful. We all benefit from being in the presence of someone who can support us to be with those feelings, to allow them and learn from them. Someone who can remind us of our own wisdom and how to follow it.
Earth school isn't easy. It brings up all kinds of feelings that can be intense, frightening and painful. We all benefit from being in the presence of someone who can support us to be with those feelings, to allow them and learn from them. Someone who can remind us of our own wisdom and how to follow it.
(802) 397-9265 View (802) 397-9265
Photo of Audra Socinski, Counselor, LCMHC
Audra Socinski
Counselor, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Charlotte, VT 05445
Hello and thank you for visiting my page! I specialize in working with teens, adults, and couples, all with Autism Spectrum Disorders. I feel fortunate to have found a niche as unique as this! I am committed to helping these individuals enhance their social and relational skills in order to better develop interpersonal relationships with others. Whether you are an individual or part of a couple, I treat all my clients in a non-judgmental and empathetic manner. Please note: I am currently not accepting new clients, but feel free to inquire about my waiting list.
Hello and thank you for visiting my page! I specialize in working with teens, adults, and couples, all with Autism Spectrum Disorders. I feel fortunate to have found a niche as unique as this! I am committed to helping these individuals enhance their social and relational skills in order to better develop interpersonal relationships with others. Whether you are an individual or part of a couple, I treat all my clients in a non-judgmental and empathetic manner. Please note: I am currently not accepting new clients, but feel free to inquire about my waiting list.
(802) 255-8527 View (802) 255-8527
Photo of Michelle Coes, Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCMHC
Michelle Coes
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCMHC
Charlotte, VT 05445
Accepting telehealth clients! Are you a teen, parent, adult, or mid-life woman experiencing challenges with mood, emotional regulation, anxiety, trauma, depression, ADHD, relational issues, or life changes? What was previously manageable may now feel unmanageable, or have you feeling "stuck." You deserve support in navigating this time in your life and in finding more effective ways to cope.
Accepting telehealth clients! Are you a teen, parent, adult, or mid-life woman experiencing challenges with mood, emotional regulation, anxiety, trauma, depression, ADHD, relational issues, or life changes? What was previously manageable may now feel unmanageable, or have you feeling "stuck." You deserve support in navigating this time in your life and in finding more effective ways to cope.
(561) 821-3313 View (561) 821-3313
Photo of Brittney Schultz, Licensed Professional Counselor, MAC, BSP, LPC
Brittney Schultz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAC, BSP, LPC
9 Endorsed
Charlotte, VT 05445
It is a passion and mission of mine to provide a safe, compassionate environment where you can explore, discover and navigate growth. It is my priority to create a therapeutic atmosphere that promotes growth & positive change to heal from trauma, anxiety, stress, business & sports performance problems, attachment/relationship issues, and other challenges. Together we'll create a tailored treatment approach to fit your unique needs and goals. I am honored to have the opportunity to earn your trust & offer you support. I also offer supervision for LPC-ITs & Interns, as well as consultation for Brainspotters seeking certification.
It is a passion and mission of mine to provide a safe, compassionate environment where you can explore, discover and navigate growth. It is my priority to create a therapeutic atmosphere that promotes growth & positive change to heal from trauma, anxiety, stress, business & sports performance problems, attachment/relationship issues, and other challenges. Together we'll create a tailored treatment approach to fit your unique needs and goals. I am honored to have the opportunity to earn your trust & offer you support. I also offer supervision for LPC-ITs & Interns, as well as consultation for Brainspotters seeking certification.
(262) 383-4787 View (262) 383-4787
Photo of Stacie Baker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Stacie Baker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
If you are feeling overwhelmed by challenging thoughts or feelings, you may be considering therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Certified Social Worker with expertise in providing therapeutic support and insight to people who are traversing difficult emotional journeys. I bring compassion and empathy to every encounter and deeply believe in the importance of creating safe, contemplative spaces for people to articulate and process their concerns. Countless components of our lives are beyond our control; through our work together, you will begin to develop a toolkit to use as a starting point for personal solutions and resolution.
If you are feeling overwhelmed by challenging thoughts or feelings, you may be considering therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Certified Social Worker with expertise in providing therapeutic support and insight to people who are traversing difficult emotional journeys. I bring compassion and empathy to every encounter and deeply believe in the importance of creating safe, contemplative spaces for people to articulate and process their concerns. Countless components of our lives are beyond our control; through our work together, you will begin to develop a toolkit to use as a starting point for personal solutions and resolution.
(508) 690-4276 View (508) 690-4276
Photo of Susan Davis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW, LMT, LRM
Susan Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW, LMT, LRM
Serves Area
You recognize repeating patterns that aren't serving you well, and you're over it! I totally get it! I can help you change your patterns, whether you're feeling challenged to communicate effectively, feeling depressed or anxious, have low self-esteem, stuck in difficult relationships, experiencing parenting issues, paralyzed by your ADD/ADHD, or have a negative self image. I can help you understand and improve your patterns to overcome challenges you face. Let's explore an array of informed, viable solutions, illuminating and reinforcing support systems, identifying new coping tools, their efficacy, and gaining new ones.
You recognize repeating patterns that aren't serving you well, and you're over it! I totally get it! I can help you change your patterns, whether you're feeling challenged to communicate effectively, feeling depressed or anxious, have low self-esteem, stuck in difficult relationships, experiencing parenting issues, paralyzed by your ADD/ADHD, or have a negative self image. I can help you understand and improve your patterns to overcome challenges you face. Let's explore an array of informed, viable solutions, illuminating and reinforcing support systems, identifying new coping tools, their efficacy, and gaining new ones.
View
Photo of Elora Silver, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Elora Silver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I work with individuals who are seeking to build healthy relationships, manage anxiety and emotional dysregulation, improve self-esteem, and heal from trauma. I care about centering justice and inclusivity in my work, and have experience working with queer, bipoc, nonmonogamous, poly, kinky, fat, and disabled individuals.
I work with individuals who are seeking to build healthy relationships, manage anxiety and emotional dysregulation, improve self-esteem, and heal from trauma. I care about centering justice and inclusivity in my work, and have experience working with queer, bipoc, nonmonogamous, poly, kinky, fat, and disabled individuals.
(646) 564-1954 View (646) 564-1954
Photo of Dr. David Helfand - Marriage Quest, Psychologist, PsyD
Marriage Quest
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Is your marriage in trouble? If you are struggling with communication issues, resentment, an affair, or a sexless marriage, then I can help. Almost half of the couples who get divorced report they regret it later, so before you make such an important decision about your future, let me help you give your marriage the best chance at success.
Is your marriage in trouble? If you are struggling with communication issues, resentment, an affair, or a sexless marriage, then I can help. Almost half of the couples who get divorced report they regret it later, so before you make such an important decision about your future, let me help you give your marriage the best chance at success.
(802) 300-3609 View (802) 300-3609
Photo of Matt Tucker, Registered Psychotherapist
Matt Tucker
Registered Psychotherapist
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Welcome! I enjoy working with people who are curious about who they are and want to explore more deeply. People come to my practice who are experiencing grief, consider themselves highly sensitive, are confused about their emotions, or a general sense that they're not living the life they want. Many people are longing for connection but find themselves retreating. Exploring unconscious processes through body-based awareness, parts work and relational dialogue can help clients feel the things they struggle to confront directly. I meet clients in person in Shelburne and offer walk-and-talk therapy on local trails.
Welcome! I enjoy working with people who are curious about who they are and want to explore more deeply. People come to my practice who are experiencing grief, consider themselves highly sensitive, are confused about their emotions, or a general sense that they're not living the life they want. Many people are longing for connection but find themselves retreating. Exploring unconscious processes through body-based awareness, parts work and relational dialogue can help clients feel the things they struggle to confront directly. I meet clients in person in Shelburne and offer walk-and-talk therapy on local trails.
(802) 242-8784 View (802) 242-8784
Photo of Sarah Schantz - Nurtured Wellness, LLC, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Nurtured Wellness, LLC
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, my role is to be a caring guide throughout your healing journey. We will work on personalized goals, identify strengths, develop coping skills, and create practical self care practices. Humor, play, art, music, meditation, mindfulness, and evidenced based methods are all at the center of my practice. Additionally, I strive to create a gentle, honest, and kind therapeutic relationship to support you on your pathway of health and happiness.
As a therapist, my role is to be a caring guide throughout your healing journey. We will work on personalized goals, identify strengths, develop coping skills, and create practical self care practices. Humor, play, art, music, meditation, mindfulness, and evidenced based methods are all at the center of my practice. Additionally, I strive to create a gentle, honest, and kind therapeutic relationship to support you on your pathway of health and happiness.
(802) 992-1416 View (802) 992-1416
Photo of Barbara Colombo, Psychologist, PhD
Barbara Colombo
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You may be facing a change you didn’t choose, like illness, grief, caregiving, chronic pain, or the weight of past trauma. Or you might be navigating an internal shift: anxiety that feels overwhelming, a loss of identity, or old coping strategies no longer working. Many of my clients feel stuck between who they were and who they’re becoming, unsure how to manage the emotional and physical impact of everything shifting around them.
You may be facing a change you didn’t choose, like illness, grief, caregiving, chronic pain, or the weight of past trauma. Or you might be navigating an internal shift: anxiety that feels overwhelming, a loss of identity, or old coping strategies no longer working. Many of my clients feel stuck between who they were and who they’re becoming, unsure how to manage the emotional and physical impact of everything shifting around them.
(802) 392-2520 View (802) 392-2520
Photo of Barbara Boutsikaris, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Barbara Boutsikaris
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
I have openings! I have counseled individuals & couples for over three decades... and still going strong. I love my work. I’ve had extensive training with Esther Perel, and Terrence Real. As a relationship therapist, I can help you discern whether to stay or go, or to work through past betrayals/traumas and repair your relationship by establishing better communication, connection and intimacy. As your therapist. I will stay curious & interested in your work, communicate understanding, witness your feelings, challenge your stressful beliefs, provide direction & support, and believe in your ability to think & act in new ways.
I have openings! I have counseled individuals & couples for over three decades... and still going strong. I love my work. I’ve had extensive training with Esther Perel, and Terrence Real. As a relationship therapist, I can help you discern whether to stay or go, or to work through past betrayals/traumas and repair your relationship by establishing better communication, connection and intimacy. As your therapist. I will stay curious & interested in your work, communicate understanding, witness your feelings, challenge your stressful beliefs, provide direction & support, and believe in your ability to think & act in new ways.
(802) 490-3890 View (802) 490-3890
Photo of Kathryn Blume, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Kathryn Blume
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Yeah, I get it. Life can be hard. Really hard. Stress, anxiety, depression, fear, confusion, doubt, self-hatred, relationship chaos...who wants to feel any of that for a second, much less dig in and REALLY root around in the muck? But here's the thing: that's how the work works. We learn to sit with the discomfort long enough to learn about it, heal, and grow. That's what I'm here for - to be the mirror of your truth and your partner in the process. I'll see you for your best self, meet you where you're at, and together, we'll find a way through. Not to a perfect life (nobody has that), but to more ease in your own skin.
Yeah, I get it. Life can be hard. Really hard. Stress, anxiety, depression, fear, confusion, doubt, self-hatred, relationship chaos...who wants to feel any of that for a second, much less dig in and REALLY root around in the muck? But here's the thing: that's how the work works. We learn to sit with the discomfort long enough to learn about it, heal, and grow. That's what I'm here for - to be the mirror of your truth and your partner in the process. I'll see you for your best self, meet you where you're at, and together, we'll find a way through. Not to a perfect life (nobody has that), but to more ease in your own skin.
(802) 300-3680 View (802) 300-3680
Photo of Maggie N French, Licensed Independent Social Worker, LISW-S, MSW, LICSW, CCTP
Maggie N French
Licensed Independent Social Worker, LISW-S, MSW, LICSW, CCTP
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Accepting new telehealth clients in OH, IN, VT, SC, NC, FL, and ID. I help people struggling with anxiety, trauma, depression, grief, and major life transitions find practical tools to feel more stable and in control of their lives. My approach is trauma-informed, collaborative, and strengths-based, helping you understand patterns that keep you stuck while building skills for lasting change. I believe in fostering a genuine human connection by honoring the innate strength and resilience within every person and every family unit, creating a compassionate space where you feel heard, supported, and empowered
Accepting new telehealth clients in OH, IN, VT, SC, NC, FL, and ID. I help people struggling with anxiety, trauma, depression, grief, and major life transitions find practical tools to feel more stable and in control of their lives. My approach is trauma-informed, collaborative, and strengths-based, helping you understand patterns that keep you stuck while building skills for lasting change. I believe in fostering a genuine human connection by honoring the innate strength and resilience within every person and every family unit, creating a compassionate space where you feel heard, supported, and empowered
(740) 240-0647 View (740) 240-0647
Photo of Rachel Morin, Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Rachel Morin
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you struggling with thoughts of "what if" and worst-case scenarios? Do you wish you could get out of your head and focus on the things that are important to you? My patients often struggle with perfectionism, constant worry, anxiety attacks, panic attacks, getting stuck on specific thoughts, or nervous habits like skin or hair pulling/picking. If you are feeling unfulfilled, making choices based on fears and not your values, I can help build your coping skills, challenge your fears, and improve your self-confidence, empowering you to live the life you want.
Are you struggling with thoughts of "what if" and worst-case scenarios? Do you wish you could get out of your head and focus on the things that are important to you? My patients often struggle with perfectionism, constant worry, anxiety attacks, panic attacks, getting stuck on specific thoughts, or nervous habits like skin or hair pulling/picking. If you are feeling unfulfilled, making choices based on fears and not your values, I can help build your coping skills, challenge your fears, and improve your self-confidence, empowering you to live the life you want.
(866) 764-5023 View (866) 764-5023
Photo of Camille Alexander, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, DSW, LICSW
Camille Alexander
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, DSW, LICSW
Online Only
You may be the person everyone depends on. The one who keeps functioning even under enormous pressure. But internally, you may feel emotionally exhausted, chronically overwhelmed, disconnected from yourself, or trapped in patterns that no longer feel sustainable. Many of the women I work with are navigating complicated family dynamics, emotionally immature relationships, burnout, motherhood transitions, workplace stress, or years of over-functioning in order to keep everything afloat. Together, we identify the patterns, pressures, and relational dynamics impacting your wellbeing so you can build a more aligned and sustainable life.
You may be the person everyone depends on. The one who keeps functioning even under enormous pressure. But internally, you may feel emotionally exhausted, chronically overwhelmed, disconnected from yourself, or trapped in patterns that no longer feel sustainable. Many of the women I work with are navigating complicated family dynamics, emotionally immature relationships, burnout, motherhood transitions, workplace stress, or years of over-functioning in order to keep everything afloat. Together, we identify the patterns, pressures, and relational dynamics impacting your wellbeing so you can build a more aligned and sustainable life.
(802) 551-3570 View (802) 551-3570
Photo of Kate Littlefield, Counselor, LCMHC
Kate Littlefield
Counselor, LCMHC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I currently have daytime openings for individuals, couples or families. I specialize in couples, families and perinatal mental health (conception, fertility, postpartum challenges). If you're looking for a experienced, authentic therapist who can help you figure out the hard stuff with concrete tools and a variety of interventions, combined with validation and compassion, I'm your person. Whether it's finding connection and balance after baby, birth trauma, conception/fertility, or family dynamic challenges, I've got an array of skills and over 20 years of experience and training. Start to feel better in as little as 1-3 sessions.
I currently have daytime openings for individuals, couples or families. I specialize in couples, families and perinatal mental health (conception, fertility, postpartum challenges). If you're looking for a experienced, authentic therapist who can help you figure out the hard stuff with concrete tools and a variety of interventions, combined with validation and compassion, I'm your person. Whether it's finding connection and balance after baby, birth trauma, conception/fertility, or family dynamic challenges, I've got an array of skills and over 20 years of experience and training. Start to feel better in as little as 1-3 sessions.
(802) 494-4956 View (802) 494-4956
Photo of David Cavanagh, Counselor, LCMHC
David Cavanagh
Counselor, LCMHC
Serves Area
Do you speak to yourself harshly? In ways that you would never speak to another person? Are you feeling trapped in a career, relationship, or other significant areas of your life? Is the weight of constant financial stress taking a toll on your well-being? Do communication struggles leave you feeling isolated, undermining your mood, fostering intimacy issues, and breeding distrust? If you find yourself experiencing an increasing sense of disconnection, conflict, and hostility, it's likely that you are caught in a pattern of thoughts and behaviors that are blocking your path to the life you desire and deserve.
Do you speak to yourself harshly? In ways that you would never speak to another person? Are you feeling trapped in a career, relationship, or other significant areas of your life? Is the weight of constant financial stress taking a toll on your well-being? Do communication struggles leave you feeling isolated, undermining your mood, fostering intimacy issues, and breeding distrust? If you find yourself experiencing an increasing sense of disconnection, conflict, and hostility, it's likely that you are caught in a pattern of thoughts and behaviors that are blocking your path to the life you desire and deserve.
(802) 347-9453 View (802) 347-9453

See more therapy options for Charlotte

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Charlotte, VT

20+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Charlotte, VT who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
91% Self Esteem
91% Stress
91% Social Anxiety
91% Health Anxiety
91% Driving Anxiety
74% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% BlueCross and BlueShield
64% Medicaid
64% MVP Health Care

How Therapists in Charlotte, VT see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Charlotte?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.