Therapists in Bolton Valley, VT

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Photo of Kelley M Tessier, Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Kelley M Tessier
Counselor, MS, LCMHC, LADC
Verified Verified
Hinesburg, VT 05461
Not accepting new clients
Making the decision to seek support for life challenges, takes a lot of courage and I am dedicated to helping those who are wanting to explore something different. I have worked in the addiction and mental health field for the past 20 years with all different age groups and am thankful for having the privilege of sitting with others and witnessing their stories. I have a strong focus around grief and loss and exploring how grief impacts our life decisions and changes our relationships with others and ourselves.
Making the decision to seek support for life challenges, takes a lot of courage and I am dedicated to helping those who are wanting to explore something different. I have worked in the addiction and mental health field for the past 20 years with all different age groups and am thankful for having the privilege of sitting with others and witnessing their stories. I have a strong focus around grief and loss and exploring how grief impacts our life decisions and changes our relationships with others and ourselves.
(802) 750-9210 View (802) 750-9210
Photo of Megan Kiernan, Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Megan Kiernan
Counselor, LCMHC, LADC
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I believe that life is a process of becoming. Who we are today is not who we were yesterday nor who we will be tomorrow. Sometimes on our journey we feel unsure of ourselves or our destination which is where the counseling process can be helpful. Through our work together, we can explore who you are and what you want, as well as identify and change the mental roadblocks that are interfering with your happiness and success. With patience and insight, you will begin to feel more wholly connected to yourself which will bring you peace and lasting change.
I believe that life is a process of becoming. Who we are today is not who we were yesterday nor who we will be tomorrow. Sometimes on our journey we feel unsure of ourselves or our destination which is where the counseling process can be helpful. Through our work together, we can explore who you are and what you want, as well as identify and change the mental roadblocks that are interfering with your happiness and success. With patience and insight, you will begin to feel more wholly connected to yourself which will bring you peace and lasting change.
(802) 736-0035 View (802) 736-0035
Photo of Marta Paterniti, Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Marta Paterniti
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling overwhelmed by your thoughts and emotions? Do you want to learn more about yourself, or just see what therapy is all about? I’m here for you. I find great joy in creating genuine and meaningful relationships with my clients, and helping them connect more deeply with themselves and others. I truly want to support and empower you in the process of achieving your goals and living a life that you enjoy.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by your thoughts and emotions? Do you want to learn more about yourself, or just see what therapy is all about? I’m here for you. I find great joy in creating genuine and meaningful relationships with my clients, and helping them connect more deeply with themselves and others. I truly want to support and empower you in the process of achieving your goals and living a life that you enjoy.
(802) 230-1776 View (802) 230-1776
Photo of Susannah Zeveloff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolton Valley, VT
Susannah Zeveloff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richmond, VT 05477
I am currently offering equine assisted therapy in Northern Vermont for individuals, couples and families. If you are stuck in patterns that you're ready to move on from; wanting closeness in your relationships but aren't sure what is holding you back; if you are experiencing mental health symptoms that frustrate and confuse you, I can support you in gaining increased awareness of your strengths, the meaning of your difficulties, and in accessing your ability to heal and grow. Please see my website for more information about equine therapy.
I am currently offering equine assisted therapy in Northern Vermont for individuals, couples and families. If you are stuck in patterns that you're ready to move on from; wanting closeness in your relationships but aren't sure what is holding you back; if you are experiencing mental health symptoms that frustrate and confuse you, I can support you in gaining increased awareness of your strengths, the meaning of your difficulties, and in accessing your ability to heal and grow. Please see my website for more information about equine therapy.
(802) 992-8432 View (802) 992-8432
Photo of David Alan Fisher, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
David Alan Fisher
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHC, MAED
Verified Verified
Essex, VT 05451
Lao Tzu wrote, “Your own positive future begins in this moment.” This quote speaks to the heart of my clinical practice. I view therapy as a path taken together rooted in respect, humility, kindness, honesty, and perseverance. On this journey, we will develop a life of meaning and purpose grounded in your own goals and values.
Lao Tzu wrote, “Your own positive future begins in this moment.” This quote speaks to the heart of my clinical practice. I view therapy as a path taken together rooted in respect, humility, kindness, honesty, and perseverance. On this journey, we will develop a life of meaning and purpose grounded in your own goals and values.
(802) 444-8097 View (802) 444-8097
Photo of Madison Smith, Psychologist in Bolton Valley, VT
Madison Smith
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? If you or your child are struggling with your mood, anxiety, trauma, obsessive or unhelpful thinking patterns, chronic pain, or behaviors you wish to change, I or another qualified therapist at MindWell Psychology may be able to help you.
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? If you or your child are struggling with your mood, anxiety, trauma, obsessive or unhelpful thinking patterns, chronic pain, or behaviors you wish to change, I or another qualified therapist at MindWell Psychology may be able to help you.
(802) 880-3001 View (802) 880-3001
Photo of Tanya C Vyhovsky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolton Valley, VT
Tanya C Vyhovsky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Essex Junction, VT 05452
Waitlist for new clients
I have a focus on providing collaborative support within a framework of social justice and a strong belief that each person has everything they need within them and sometimes we all lose touch with these things and could use some outside support to discover our answers. I view my role as a therapist as the bridge to the answers within that may be difficult to see. I believe that the context of our lives is important to understanding our experiences.
I have a focus on providing collaborative support within a framework of social justice and a strong belief that each person has everything they need within them and sometimes we all lose touch with these things and could use some outside support to discover our answers. I view my role as a therapist as the bridge to the answers within that may be difficult to see. I believe that the context of our lives is important to understanding our experiences.
(802) 779-9616 View (802) 779-9616
Photo of Celeste P. Berstene, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Celeste P. Berstene
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
South Burlington, VT 05403
Not accepting new clients
Currently not accepting new clients My goal is to help teens and young adults as they identify areas of their lives that are in need of change. I take a collaborative approach as I assist them in developing skills and tools necessary to to do so. By meeting individuals where they are at and providing caring and honest feedback, I support clients as they learn to walk through life with courage and grace.
Currently not accepting new clients My goal is to help teens and young adults as they identify areas of their lives that are in need of change. I take a collaborative approach as I assist them in developing skills and tools necessary to to do so. By meeting individuals where they are at and providing caring and honest feedback, I support clients as they learn to walk through life with courage and grace.
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Photo of Daniel Heath Ferguson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Daniel Heath Ferguson
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Essex Junction, VT 05452  (Online Only)
Are you going through difficult times in your personal or professional life? Do you struggle with stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, relationship, or divorce issues? You are not alone. Many people face these challenges and they can affect your happiness, health, and productivity. But there is hope. You can overcome them and live a fulfilling life.
Are you going through difficult times in your personal or professional life? Do you struggle with stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, relationship, or divorce issues? You are not alone. Many people face these challenges and they can affect your happiness, health, and productivity. But there is hope. You can overcome them and live a fulfilling life.
(802) 523-2129 View (802) 523-2129
Photo of James Fitzgerald, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
James Fitzgerald
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, NCC, AAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Essex, VT 05451
I use an integrative approach to therapy; person centered, trauma informed, strength based, and culturally sensitive. I believe that thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by many factors; genetics, biology, psychology, society, community, family, relationships, education, occupation, religion, and culture. I work with clients to help them gain an understanding of how their early relationships with others affect their current relationships through trauma-informed, CBT, attachment theory work. I am primarily interested in Internal Family Systems, Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical Behavior, and Motivational Therapies.
I use an integrative approach to therapy; person centered, trauma informed, strength based, and culturally sensitive. I believe that thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by many factors; genetics, biology, psychology, society, community, family, relationships, education, occupation, religion, and culture. I work with clients to help them gain an understanding of how their early relationships with others affect their current relationships through trauma-informed, CBT, attachment theory work. I am primarily interested in Internal Family Systems, Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical Behavior, and Motivational Therapies.
(802) 255-9078 View (802) 255-9078
Photo of Reins of Heart Wellness Center, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolton Valley, VT
Reins of Heart Wellness Center, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, ESMHL
Verified Verified
Hinesburg, VT 05461
A soul-centered Equine Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP) practice partnering with the horse as a means towards emotional wellness. Is traditional therapy not working for you or your loved one? Within an office setting, are you unsure how to feel comfortable, or where to start? Equine Assisted Psychotherapy is defined as an interactive process in which a licensed mental health professional working with or as an appropriately credentialed equine professional partners with suitable equine(s) to address psychotherapy goals set forth by the mental health professional and the client.
A soul-centered Equine Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP) practice partnering with the horse as a means towards emotional wellness. Is traditional therapy not working for you or your loved one? Within an office setting, are you unsure how to feel comfortable, or where to start? Equine Assisted Psychotherapy is defined as an interactive process in which a licensed mental health professional working with or as an appropriately credentialed equine professional partners with suitable equine(s) to address psychotherapy goals set forth by the mental health professional and the client.
(802) 736-7069 View (802) 736-7069
Photo of Kyla Suarez, Registered Psychotherapist in Bolton Valley, VT
Kyla Suarez
Registered Psychotherapist, MS, RYT-500, Y4C
Verified Verified
Williston, VT 05495  (Online Only)
Please email to inquire about consultation. I strive to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for you to rediscover your truest self and remain an observant student to the challenges you are confronting. I will support you in facing fear so you can overcome challenges, achieve your goals and love yourself. You will learn ways to regulate your mind and body to support your goals and honor yourself. I support clients that are open and willing to dive deep and begin the practice of believing in themselves, remembering that you are amazing and loving your inner-child as well as connect to other inner-parts (IFS) of yourself.
Please email to inquire about consultation. I strive to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for you to rediscover your truest self and remain an observant student to the challenges you are confronting. I will support you in facing fear so you can overcome challenges, achieve your goals and love yourself. You will learn ways to regulate your mind and body to support your goals and honor yourself. I support clients that are open and willing to dive deep and begin the practice of believing in themselves, remembering that you are amazing and loving your inner-child as well as connect to other inner-parts (IFS) of yourself.
(802) 222-8938 View (802) 222-8938
Photo of Katherine A. Kelley, MA, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Katherine A. Kelley, MA
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Williston, VT 05495
Not accepting new clients
I aim to co-create the conditions for waking up and realizing the beauty and radiant Life that you already are. In the midst of your current suffering from past traumatic events and/or addictions this may seem like an impossible or distant dream. I am Somatic Psychotherapist and Mindfulness Practitioner. I facilitate mindful awareness of body sensations through to a range of somatic body mind interventions based on the latest knowledge in neurobiology. In accessing your body and mind's innate wisdom you will be able to release the effects of trauma and be free from compulsions and obsessions.
I aim to co-create the conditions for waking up and realizing the beauty and radiant Life that you already are. In the midst of your current suffering from past traumatic events and/or addictions this may seem like an impossible or distant dream. I am Somatic Psychotherapist and Mindfulness Practitioner. I facilitate mindful awareness of body sensations through to a range of somatic body mind interventions based on the latest knowledge in neurobiology. In accessing your body and mind's innate wisdom you will be able to release the effects of trauma and be free from compulsions and obsessions.
(802) 613-0695 View (802) 613-0695
Photo of Heather Parker, Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Heather Parker
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403
Providing Supervision to Licensed and Pre-Licensed Therapists, Certified Sensorimotor Psychotherapist and Certified Consultant, Internal Family Systems Psychotherapist. The development of a gentle curiosity of one's internal experience becomes the basis for compassion and authentic expression. This contemplative relationship with oneself can then expand the way in which we connect and relate to others. Therapeutic style is interactive, while encouraging the client's inner consciousness to guide the process. Use of somatic, parts work, and strength-based modalities that view individuals as having an innate propensity toward health.
Providing Supervision to Licensed and Pre-Licensed Therapists, Certified Sensorimotor Psychotherapist and Certified Consultant, Internal Family Systems Psychotherapist. The development of a gentle curiosity of one's internal experience becomes the basis for compassion and authentic expression. This contemplative relationship with oneself can then expand the way in which we connect and relate to others. Therapeutic style is interactive, while encouraging the client's inner consciousness to guide the process. Use of somatic, parts work, and strength-based modalities that view individuals as having an innate propensity toward health.
(802) 276-4191 View (802) 276-4191
Photo of Pamela J Barnes, Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Pamela J Barnes
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Essex Junction, VT 05452
Waitlist for new clients
Life’s challenges sometimes can feel like mountains which we are never going to get over or storms that we may never be able to see another sunset or sunrise. This is when we need a little helping hand that I can provide to allow you to move within the world in a healthier and more fulfilling way. I work with adults, adolescences, preadolescences, children, and families to help get through their challenges. I enjoy age diversity. I have over 20 years of experience with children and teens either as a teacher, athletic coach, or a counselor.
Life’s challenges sometimes can feel like mountains which we are never going to get over or storms that we may never be able to see another sunset or sunrise. This is when we need a little helping hand that I can provide to allow you to move within the world in a healthier and more fulfilling way. I work with adults, adolescences, preadolescences, children, and families to help get through their challenges. I enjoy age diversity. I have over 20 years of experience with children and teens either as a teacher, athletic coach, or a counselor.
(802) 487-8012 View (802) 487-8012
Photo of Katie Ferrell, Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Katie Ferrell
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403  (Online Only)
Counseling for the neurodiverse who are ready to take control of their day-to-day and start living a more fulfilled and joyful life. I get it, your brain works so fast it’s impossible to get your thoughts organized. All the distractions and the inability to communicate clearly makes every day feel like an overwhelming rollercoaster ride of chaos. The nagging feeling of always letting everyone down, including yourself, has real consequences. Let’s rewrite your perception of your story to take back your power.
Counseling for the neurodiverse who are ready to take control of their day-to-day and start living a more fulfilled and joyful life. I get it, your brain works so fast it’s impossible to get your thoughts organized. All the distractions and the inability to communicate clearly makes every day feel like an overwhelming rollercoaster ride of chaos. The nagging feeling of always letting everyone down, including yourself, has real consequences. Let’s rewrite your perception of your story to take back your power.
(206) 208-1275 View (206) 208-1275
Photo of Kate Morrissey, Counselor in Bolton Valley, VT
Kate Morrissey
Counselor, LCMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403
Not accepting new clients
I have been providing psychotherapy and counseling to individuals and couples in Vermont for over twenty years in a wide range of clinical settings and across a broad scope of client populations. As a therapist, I support people through a process of improving their health and well-being, of living more more mindfully, and of creating opportunities for healing. I also assist clients in exploring personal growth, in developing new insights about themselves and their relationships, in learning skills to reduce stress, anxiety, and other forms of suffering, and in limiting obstacles that impact them from reaching their potential.
I have been providing psychotherapy and counseling to individuals and couples in Vermont for over twenty years in a wide range of clinical settings and across a broad scope of client populations. As a therapist, I support people through a process of improving their health and well-being, of living more more mindfully, and of creating opportunities for healing. I also assist clients in exploring personal growth, in developing new insights about themselves and their relationships, in learning skills to reduce stress, anxiety, and other forms of suffering, and in limiting obstacles that impact them from reaching their potential.
(802) 321-2574 View (802) 321-2574
Photo of Cece Goldszer Rubin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolton Valley, VT
Cece Goldszer Rubin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403  (Online Only)
I offer a safe and confidential space where you can begin or continue your journey to wellness, empowerment, self-acceptance and peace of mind. You will have access to proven therapeutic approaches such as CBT, DBT and the innovative Lifebook Technique that I developed over 25 years in practice. Lifebook facilitates and enhances negotiation skills for achieving reciprocal relationships through proactive communication, self-advocacy, emotional regulation and empowerment. Experiencing positive outcomes, a safe and nurturing internal dialogue replaces self doubt while experiencing internal validation independent of external validation
I offer a safe and confidential space where you can begin or continue your journey to wellness, empowerment, self-acceptance and peace of mind. You will have access to proven therapeutic approaches such as CBT, DBT and the innovative Lifebook Technique that I developed over 25 years in practice. Lifebook facilitates and enhances negotiation skills for achieving reciprocal relationships through proactive communication, self-advocacy, emotional regulation and empowerment. Experiencing positive outcomes, a safe and nurturing internal dialogue replaces self doubt while experiencing internal validation independent of external validation
(802) 327-7943 View (802) 327-7943
Photo of Myra E Woodruff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bolton Valley, VT
Myra E Woodruff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MA, LICSW
Verified Verified
South Burlington, VT 05403
Not accepting new clients
Given the level of community and world uncertainty, you may be feeling increased anxiety, depression, conflict, confusion and isolation. How do you cope with such enormous uncertainty? Working effectively with your mind and reactivity is essential to finding balance, strength, comfort and connection. My focus in therapy is to listen deeply to your inner wisdom, express more fully who you are, develop skills to accomplish this and make choices that further your positive intentions. Life provides challenges at the best of times; we need support when we are most vulnerable. Therapy provides an opportunity to explore what is possible.
Given the level of community and world uncertainty, you may be feeling increased anxiety, depression, conflict, confusion and isolation. How do you cope with such enormous uncertainty? Working effectively with your mind and reactivity is essential to finding balance, strength, comfort and connection. My focus in therapy is to listen deeply to your inner wisdom, express more fully who you are, develop skills to accomplish this and make choices that further your positive intentions. Life provides challenges at the best of times; we need support when we are most vulnerable. Therapy provides an opportunity to explore what is possible.
(802) 557-0079 View (802) 557-0079
Photo of Xander Lodge, MA, PLC, Psychologist in Bolton Valley, VT
Xander Lodge, MA, PLC
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Williston, VT 05495
Waitlist for new clients
My work as a therapist is to empower and motivate people to access inner resources to lead fulfilling lives, explore emotional experience and its personal meaning, find wellness and harmony in relationships, and grow and change in alignment with their ideals. I believe that the therapeutic relationship opens the door to honest and fruitful self-exploration. Engagement in this relationship mirrors patterns of social interaction in a person's life, illuminating emotional experience and relationship patterns. This approach produces long-term improvements for people suffering from a variety of personal and interpersonal conflicts.
My work as a therapist is to empower and motivate people to access inner resources to lead fulfilling lives, explore emotional experience and its personal meaning, find wellness and harmony in relationships, and grow and change in alignment with their ideals. I believe that the therapeutic relationship opens the door to honest and fruitful self-exploration. Engagement in this relationship mirrors patterns of social interaction in a person's life, illuminating emotional experience and relationship patterns. This approach produces long-term improvements for people suffering from a variety of personal and interpersonal conflicts.
(802) 444-8509 View (802) 444-8509

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bolton Valley, VT

< 10

Therapists in Bolton Valley, VT who prioritize treating:

How Therapists in Bolton Valley, VT see their clients

2% Online Only
1% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bolton Valley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.