Therapists in Berlin, VT

Photo of Margot Childs Prendergast, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Margot Childs Prendergast
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berlin, VT 05602
Not accepting new clients
My work is inspired by clients committed to exploring healthy ways to prevent, cope with, and diminish distress. Together, we explore possibilities through developing curiosity, courage, and taking action towards greater self gratification and improved relationships.
My work is inspired by clients committed to exploring healthy ways to prevent, cope with, and diminish distress. Together, we explore possibilities through developing curiosity, courage, and taking action towards greater self gratification and improved relationships.
(802) 272-6559 View (802) 272-6559
Photo of Peter S Dietz, MS, EdD, LCMHC, Counselor
Peter S Dietz
Counselor, MS, EdD, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Berlin, VT 05602  (Online Only)
My therapeutic goal is to tailor treatment to each individual's needs, situations and personalities through a collaborative process. I seek the optimal and most beneficial approach to the individual's needs, whether child, adolescent, adult, couples, or families. I have over 30 years experience working in the field with a wide variety of client populations. I have spent many years working with youth and special needs individuals who displayed severe challenging behaviors. This has included developmental disabilities, autism and those with self-harm and severe anger issues. My overall approach is holistic, integrative, and strength and evidence based.
My therapeutic goal is to tailor treatment to each individual's needs, situations and personalities through a collaborative process. I seek the optimal and most beneficial approach to the individual's needs, whether child, adolescent, adult, couples, or families. I have over 30 years experience working in the field with a wide variety of client populations. I have spent many years working with youth and special needs individuals who displayed severe challenging behaviors. This has included developmental disabilities, autism and those with self-harm and severe anger issues. My overall approach is holistic, integrative, and strength and evidence based.
(609) 796-4774 View (609) 796-4774
Photo of Jacob Rusczek, PhD, Psychologist
Jacob Rusczek
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berlin, VT 05602  (Online Only)
Everyone comes to psychotherapy with a unique set of concerns; thus, every course of psychotherapy is different. Part of my role is learning how I can be helpful to you in particular. In general, I view therapy as a place for increasing self-awareness. Often, we don't fully understand why we go about our lives as we do - and why we have the difficulties that we have. Without adequate self-awareness, we tend to unwittingly repeat the same patterns. It is only when we understand ourselves as we truly are that we become free to choose new possibilities.
Everyone comes to psychotherapy with a unique set of concerns; thus, every course of psychotherapy is different. Part of my role is learning how I can be helpful to you in particular. In general, I view therapy as a place for increasing self-awareness. Often, we don't fully understand why we go about our lives as we do - and why we have the difficulties that we have. Without adequate self-awareness, we tend to unwittingly repeat the same patterns. It is only when we understand ourselves as we truly are that we become free to choose new possibilities.
(802) 392-3624 View (802) 392-3624
Photo of Toby White, MA, LCMHC, Counselor
Toby White
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Berlin, VT 05602
Not accepting new clients
I see clients for a variety of reasons including individual therapy, marriage counseling, group therapy, and family therapy. My current practice includes young children, adolescents, young adults, adults, families and couples. I have been serving clients in the central Vermont area since 2013 in a variety of helping relationships and roles including crisis counseling, career counseling, sports performance based life coaching case management, and psychotherapy. I apply an integrative approach and walk along side clients in their time of need. My goal is to help you find a solution that fits your individual situation.
I see clients for a variety of reasons including individual therapy, marriage counseling, group therapy, and family therapy. My current practice includes young children, adolescents, young adults, adults, families and couples. I have been serving clients in the central Vermont area since 2013 in a variety of helping relationships and roles including crisis counseling, career counseling, sports performance based life coaching case management, and psychotherapy. I apply an integrative approach and walk along side clients in their time of need. My goal is to help you find a solution that fits your individual situation.
(802) 277-3237 View (802) 277-3237
Photo of Jim Pugliese, MS, LCMHC, Counselor
Jim Pugliese
Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Berlin, VT 05602
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed mental health counselor based in Barre, Vermont. I have been serving people since 1989 in a variety of helping relationships, including: case management, career counseling, emergency mental health intervention, and psychotherapy. I use an integrative approach to therapy customized to my client's needs, including: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), positive psychology, supportive counseling, mindfulness, Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I offer individual and couples counseling. Treatment can be as brief as one session or can extend over time.
I am a licensed mental health counselor based in Barre, Vermont. I have been serving people since 1989 in a variety of helping relationships, including: case management, career counseling, emergency mental health intervention, and psychotherapy. I use an integrative approach to therapy customized to my client's needs, including: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), positive psychology, supportive counseling, mindfulness, Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I offer individual and couples counseling. Treatment can be as brief as one session or can extend over time.
(802) 277-3080 View (802) 277-3080
Photo of Alexandra Newman, LCMHC, MA Edu, MS, Counselor
Alexandra Newman
Counselor, LCMHC, MA Edu, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berlin, VT 05602
Waitlist for new clients
I am a licensed clinical mental health counselor who is committed to helping people create a life that is meaningful for them. My focus is on helping clients discover their authentic self and to replace unhelpful behaviors that no longer serve them. I work to help adults, couples, and families learn skills needed to improve communication, manage anxiety, overcome depression, and implement new ways of managing stress rather than turning to harmful coping strategies.
I am a licensed clinical mental health counselor who is committed to helping people create a life that is meaningful for them. My focus is on helping clients discover their authentic self and to replace unhelpful behaviors that no longer serve them. I work to help adults, couples, and families learn skills needed to improve communication, manage anxiety, overcome depression, and implement new ways of managing stress rather than turning to harmful coping strategies.
(802) 477-3290 View (802) 477-3290
Photo of Darly Sebastian, L, P, C, Counselor
Darly Sebastian
Counselor, L, P, C
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Berlin, VT 05602  (Online Only)
Do you see yourself going one step forward and two steps backward in life? Do feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt drive you to seek external validation? As one of the best online counselors specializing in stress counseling, relationship counseling (relationship therapy), marriage counseling, couple counseling (couples therapy) and trauma counseling, I guide motivated individuals in rediscovering self-love and nurturing healthier connections. With expertise in fostering emotional well-being, I offer hope for transformative change in relationship dynamics, providing counseling tailored to your unique needs.
Do you see yourself going one step forward and two steps backward in life? Do feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt drive you to seek external validation? As one of the best online counselors specializing in stress counseling, relationship counseling (relationship therapy), marriage counseling, couple counseling (couples therapy) and trauma counseling, I guide motivated individuals in rediscovering self-love and nurturing healthier connections. With expertise in fostering emotional well-being, I offer hope for transformative change in relationship dynamics, providing counseling tailored to your unique needs.
(727) 761-0604 View (727) 761-0604

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Michele M Reed, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michele M Reed
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602
For over 30 years, I've worked with a range of issues, including depression, anxiety, and grief. My practice is guided by a deep appreciation for psychoanalytic thought and its clinical influence, effecting meaningful shifts in a person's internal and external life. I listen carefully, and while respecting the importance of confidentiality, as well as using empathy, honesty and sometimes humor, I encourage the exploration of conscious and unconscious thoughts/feelings. We explore the influence of unconscious wishes, fears and inhibitions which are often expressed in dreams, life choices or physical symptoms.
For over 30 years, I've worked with a range of issues, including depression, anxiety, and grief. My practice is guided by a deep appreciation for psychoanalytic thought and its clinical influence, effecting meaningful shifts in a person's internal and external life. I listen carefully, and while respecting the importance of confidentiality, as well as using empathy, honesty and sometimes humor, I encourage the exploration of conscious and unconscious thoughts/feelings. We explore the influence of unconscious wishes, fears and inhibitions which are often expressed in dreams, life choices or physical symptoms.
(802) 244-1748 View (802) 244-1748
Photo of Ronda Stoll, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ronda Stoll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602
I believe that all people have the potential to be happy in their lives, regardless of what they have suffered. In therapy we develop self-awareness to clarify what is truly important to the person's life and whether they are living their life in accord with those values. Happiness also includes learning to have the right relation to negativity - to "compost" difficult emotions and situations to transform them into strength and resilence. I help the client use mindfulness/meditation practices to help encourage gratitude, which in turn dispels self-critical thinking that leads to depression and anxiety.
I believe that all people have the potential to be happy in their lives, regardless of what they have suffered. In therapy we develop self-awareness to clarify what is truly important to the person's life and whether they are living their life in accord with those values. Happiness also includes learning to have the right relation to negativity - to "compost" difficult emotions and situations to transform them into strength and resilence. I help the client use mindfulness/meditation practices to help encourage gratitude, which in turn dispels self-critical thinking that leads to depression and anxiety.
(802) 441-4023 x3 View (802) 441-4023 x3
Photo of Gary D Frankel, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gary D Frankel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602
Through over twenty years of experience I have come to realize the importance of true, meaningful client based relationships in order to help individuals find answers to difficult life challenges. Using an eclectic style firmly based in Motivational Enhancement and Cognitive Behavioral therapies, I strive to help my clients find meaning in their lives from within. Life is hard. Challenges never cease. Finding solid solutions that work, for personal issues is key to navigating the ups and downs we all face every day.
Through over twenty years of experience I have come to realize the importance of true, meaningful client based relationships in order to help individuals find answers to difficult life challenges. Using an eclectic style firmly based in Motivational Enhancement and Cognitive Behavioral therapies, I strive to help my clients find meaning in their lives from within. Life is hard. Challenges never cease. Finding solid solutions that work, for personal issues is key to navigating the ups and downs we all face every day.
(802) 441-4016 View (802) 441-4016
Photo of Claire Berry, MA, LCMHC, Counselor
Claire Berry
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602  (Online Only)
When your life needs direction, connection, and/or balance, whether it's your past, present, or future that brings your desire for change, you hold the power to heal. I believe that with honest self-exploration you can identify the roots of your discomfort and the path forward. I believe in the innate goodness of each person and their power to create the solutions to their challenges. I will partner in your self-discovery and healing by creating a safe, non-judgmental space to begin the work of lowering defenses and looking into the most protected areas of yourself.
When your life needs direction, connection, and/or balance, whether it's your past, present, or future that brings your desire for change, you hold the power to heal. I believe that with honest self-exploration you can identify the roots of your discomfort and the path forward. I believe in the innate goodness of each person and their power to create the solutions to their challenges. I will partner in your self-discovery and healing by creating a safe, non-judgmental space to begin the work of lowering defenses and looking into the most protected areas of yourself.
(802) 992-8448 View (802) 992-8448
Photo of Kimberlee Johnson, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kimberlee Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05601  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I’m not accepting new clients. I’m unable to return any new client inquiries at this time.
I’m not accepting new clients. I’m unable to return any new client inquiries at this time.
(802) 933-1964 View (802) 933-1964
Photo of Josh Burke, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Josh Burke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montpelier, VT 05602  (Online Only)
Hello, I am glad you found us here at Sondermind. Thank you for taking the first step by reaching out. Let me tell you a bit about myself, and if I seem to be a good fit for you, we can begin as soon as you would like. My name is Josh Burke, and I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in the state of Colorado, Vermont and New York. I have been providing psychotherapy for a wide variety of issues and populations for over eight years. I graduated from Roberts Wesleyan College in 2013 with a Master in Social Work with a mental health concentration.
Hello, I am glad you found us here at Sondermind. Thank you for taking the first step by reaching out. Let me tell you a bit about myself, and if I seem to be a good fit for you, we can begin as soon as you would like. My name is Josh Burke, and I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in the state of Colorado, Vermont and New York. I have been providing psychotherapy for a wide variety of issues and populations for over eight years. I graduated from Roberts Wesleyan College in 2013 with a Master in Social Work with a mental health concentration.
(802) 520-1133 View (802) 520-1133
Photo of Nancy H Stone, LCMHC, Counselor
Nancy H Stone
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602
In my experience that individuals reach out for therapy because their present circumstance is difficult and they would like their present and future to be better or different. I use a person centered approach to help individuals gain greater awareness into their patterns and beliefs with the goal of creating a life grounded in wholeness, self compassion and self understanding. I have a depth of knowledge in trauma symptomatology, treatment and healing gleaned from years working with survivors of childhood and adult abuse. I also have experience with young adults pursuing educational/life goals and coping with these challenges.
In my experience that individuals reach out for therapy because their present circumstance is difficult and they would like their present and future to be better or different. I use a person centered approach to help individuals gain greater awareness into their patterns and beliefs with the goal of creating a life grounded in wholeness, self compassion and self understanding. I have a depth of knowledge in trauma symptomatology, treatment and healing gleaned from years working with survivors of childhood and adult abuse. I also have experience with young adults pursuing educational/life goals and coping with these challenges.
(802) 424-8473 View (802) 424-8473
Photo of Dawn Smith Gibbs, MSSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dawn Smith Gibbs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Montpelier, VT 05601  (Online Only)
In a world that continues to turn with or without us, we often wonder where we can get off in order to regroup. When we are expected to fulfill all of the everyday roles that we have taken on, we tend to lose touch with ourselves. My purpose is to provide an open, restorative and non-judgmental healing space for you. I am pleased to work with individuals who want help with anxiety, depression, trauma and grief. As well as providing support during life transitions, unexpected changes and personal growth.
In a world that continues to turn with or without us, we often wonder where we can get off in order to regroup. When we are expected to fulfill all of the everyday roles that we have taken on, we tend to lose touch with ourselves. My purpose is to provide an open, restorative and non-judgmental healing space for you. I am pleased to work with individuals who want help with anxiety, depression, trauma and grief. As well as providing support during life transitions, unexpected changes and personal growth.
(423) 210-4774 View (423) 210-4774
Photo of Yannick Chassereau, MA, Psychologist
Yannick Chassereau
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602
I am a bilingual psychologist Master who enjoys working with individual adults from different backgrounds. I strive to provide a place where you are supported and safe to begin to explore what troubles you. Together, we can explore the past and present to understand and let go of old patterns that hold you back from living a more fulfilling life. At others time, it might be more important to focus on the here and now. In my 10 years practice, I have worked with individuals who struggled with a wide range of issues, depression, anxiety, interpersonal issues, life transition, grief and trauma.
I am a bilingual psychologist Master who enjoys working with individual adults from different backgrounds. I strive to provide a place where you are supported and safe to begin to explore what troubles you. Together, we can explore the past and present to understand and let go of old patterns that hold you back from living a more fulfilling life. At others time, it might be more important to focus on the here and now. In my 10 years practice, I have worked with individuals who struggled with a wide range of issues, depression, anxiety, interpersonal issues, life transition, grief and trauma.
(802) 779-0273 View (802) 779-0273
Photo of Allie Andrus McCann, MA, MFT, ATR-BC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Allie Andrus McCann
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602  (Online Only)
I support individuals, couples and families with diverse needs, and specialize in work with children, adolescents, parents, and families. I see my work with clients as a co-creative process, drawing on my clients' unique character, strength, and values, as well as a variety of therapeutic techniques and tools. I have a holistic view of health and well-being, and take into account the mind, body, and spirit. I offer support for a variety of issues, especially anxiety and mood issues, grief, loss, trauma, and parenting issues. I am an Art Therapist as well as a Marriage and Family Therapist.
I support individuals, couples and families with diverse needs, and specialize in work with children, adolescents, parents, and families. I see my work with clients as a co-creative process, drawing on my clients' unique character, strength, and values, as well as a variety of therapeutic techniques and tools. I have a holistic view of health and well-being, and take into account the mind, body, and spirit. I offer support for a variety of issues, especially anxiety and mood issues, grief, loss, trauma, and parenting issues. I am an Art Therapist as well as a Marriage and Family Therapist.
(650) 646-9051 View (650) 646-9051
Photo of Lizzie Werner-Gavrin, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lizzie Werner-Gavrin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montpelier, VT 05601  (Online Only)
I help queer and trans adults struggling with eating disorders and other roadblocks to embodiment, feel safe in their whole dynamic selves. Do you feel that if you were a little more perfect, you would feel belonging, love, or acceptance? That if you only showed up like that or just tried harder, then you would love who you are? Do you crave to feel safe in your own being but are unclear on how to get there? Perhaps you understand how complex you are as a person but notice an uncomfortable resistance when you try and unearth these new parts. I would love to support you in becoming your most authentic self.
I help queer and trans adults struggling with eating disorders and other roadblocks to embodiment, feel safe in their whole dynamic selves. Do you feel that if you were a little more perfect, you would feel belonging, love, or acceptance? That if you only showed up like that or just tried harder, then you would love who you are? Do you crave to feel safe in your own being but are unclear on how to get there? Perhaps you understand how complex you are as a person but notice an uncomfortable resistance when you try and unearth these new parts. I would love to support you in becoming your most authentic self.
(802) 391-4346 View (802) 391-4346
Photo of Anya Skibbie, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Anya Skibbie
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05602  (Online Only)
My counseling approach is based on the belief that everyone can benefit from support and listening. I strive to provide a warm and comfortable environment, making use of humor, silence, and empathy. Research shows that the best indicator of counseling success is the strength of the counseling relationship, and to that end, we will begin our work by building the relationship foundation together.
My counseling approach is based on the belief that everyone can benefit from support and listening. I strive to provide a warm and comfortable environment, making use of humor, silence, and empathy. Research shows that the best indicator of counseling success is the strength of the counseling relationship, and to that end, we will begin our work by building the relationship foundation together.
(802) 327-7906 View (802) 327-7906
Photo of Jennifer L Jordan, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer L Jordan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Montpelier, VT 05601  (Online Only)
Over the last 8 years, I have worked in PreK-12th grade settings, including private, public and day treatment environments. I started to practice telehealth exclusively over a year ago. I have training and experience in supporting individuals of all ages with a wide range of challenges such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship and family conflicts, LGBTQ+ topics, trauma, consensual non-monogamy and polyamory, gender dysphoria, communication, guilt and shame, and more.
Over the last 8 years, I have worked in PreK-12th grade settings, including private, public and day treatment environments. I started to practice telehealth exclusively over a year ago. I have training and experience in supporting individuals of all ages with a wide range of challenges such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship and family conflicts, LGBTQ+ topics, trauma, consensual non-monogamy and polyamory, gender dysphoria, communication, guilt and shame, and more.
(207) 492-7339 View (207) 492-7339

See more therapy options for Berlin

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Berlin, VT

< 10

Therapists in Berlin, VT who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Self Esteem
86% Relationship Issues
86% Family Conflict
86% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

20 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Medicaid
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Berlin, VT see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

57% Male
43% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Berlin?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.