Therapists in Ruther Glen, VA

Photo of Antonio O Clinkscales - Life Way Services, LLC, MDiv
Life Way Services, LLC
MDiv
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
Life Way Services are the "go-the-extra-mile" team that will walk with you and encourage you the entire way to wholeness. Our mission is to provide youth and adults with compassionate mental and emotional health services that will aid clients in their transition towards wholeness through preventative, interventions, and educational practices.
Life Way Services are the "go-the-extra-mile" team that will walk with you and encourage you the entire way to wholeness. Our mission is to provide youth and adults with compassionate mental and emotional health services that will aid clients in their transition towards wholeness through preventative, interventions, and educational practices.
(804) 373-2705 View (804) 373-2705
Photo of Sharlene Hamilton, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sharlene Hamilton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
I provide therapy, insight, and support to children and their parents, teens, adults, couples, and families. I use a variety of techniques based in sound theory to include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy to guide clients through their challenges. In sessions clients address anxiety, depression, relationship/marital difficulties, grief & loss difficulties, parental separation/divorce, trauma/PTSD, suicidal ideation/self-harm, social phobias, peer relationship and social skills difficulties, ADHD, and other behavioral Issues.
I provide therapy, insight, and support to children and their parents, teens, adults, couples, and families. I use a variety of techniques based in sound theory to include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy to guide clients through their challenges. In sessions clients address anxiety, depression, relationship/marital difficulties, grief & loss difficulties, parental separation/divorce, trauma/PTSD, suicidal ideation/self-harm, social phobias, peer relationship and social skills difficulties, ADHD, and other behavioral Issues.
(703) 291-3681 View (703) 291-3681
Photo of Sharlene Hamilton - Cardinal Family Counseling, PLLC, LPC, NCC, CCHMC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cardinal Family Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCHMC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
Cardinal Family Counseling is a team of experienced Licensed Counselors and Residents in Counseling providing therapy to children, teens, adults, couples, and families. We help clients address anxiety, depression, relationship/marital difficulties, grief & loss difficulties, parental separation/divorce, trauma/PTSD, social phobias, peer relationship and social skills difficulties, and behavioral Issues. We use a variety of techniques to include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy techniques to guide clients through their difficulties.
Cardinal Family Counseling is a team of experienced Licensed Counselors and Residents in Counseling providing therapy to children, teens, adults, couples, and families. We help clients address anxiety, depression, relationship/marital difficulties, grief & loss difficulties, parental separation/divorce, trauma/PTSD, social phobias, peer relationship and social skills difficulties, and behavioral Issues. We use a variety of techniques to include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy techniques to guide clients through their difficulties.
(804) 294-4310 View (804) 294-4310
Photo of Brian J Cunningham, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brian J Cunningham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
Managing the stressors that life throws at us can be challenging! The path through life is rarely smooth, and we all navigate the terrain in our own, unique ways. Often, we have the tools to manage the obstacles on our own; other times, that path is wide enough to allow support from others as we move forward. Still other times, we can’t even find the path! I strive to promote an environment in which clients feel safe to share experiences at their own pace and without judgment. I believe that a genuine approach, supported by evidenced-based treatment models, cultivates the rapport necessary to promote positive change.
Managing the stressors that life throws at us can be challenging! The path through life is rarely smooth, and we all navigate the terrain in our own, unique ways. Often, we have the tools to manage the obstacles on our own; other times, that path is wide enough to allow support from others as we move forward. Still other times, we can’t even find the path! I strive to promote an environment in which clients feel safe to share experiences at their own pace and without judgment. I believe that a genuine approach, supported by evidenced-based treatment models, cultivates the rapport necessary to promote positive change.
(667) 222-6939 View (667) 222-6939
Photo of Brian S Vaughan, LPC, CSAT, CSOTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Brian S Vaughan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAT, CSOTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
Are you struggling with problematic sexual behaviors? Do you think you are addicted to porn? Has your spouse betrayed trust by crossing emotional boundaries with someone else? There is hope. It is possible to recover from compulsive or addictive behaviors and to have relationships restored. Many who have been negatively impacted by sexual compulsivity share feelings of anger, hurt, shame, and helplessness. I've successfully helped individuals, couples, and families heal from sex and porn addiction by providing a safe, confidential setting to help learn tools to grow beyond the grip of destructive choices back to healthy sexuality.
Are you struggling with problematic sexual behaviors? Do you think you are addicted to porn? Has your spouse betrayed trust by crossing emotional boundaries with someone else? There is hope. It is possible to recover from compulsive or addictive behaviors and to have relationships restored. Many who have been negatively impacted by sexual compulsivity share feelings of anger, hurt, shame, and helplessness. I've successfully helped individuals, couples, and families heal from sex and porn addiction by providing a safe, confidential setting to help learn tools to grow beyond the grip of destructive choices back to healthy sexuality.
(540) 390-1632 View (540) 390-1632
Photo of Alexandra Chamberlain, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alexandra Chamberlain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
Hi, I’m Alexandra (she/her/hers) and I go by Alex. I am a supervisee in social work and I completed my masters of social work at Virginia Commonwealth University. I work with individuals ages 18 and up and my areas of practice include women’s health (including maternal mental health), anxiety disorders, depression, chronic health-related stress, grief, trauma, substance use disorders and life transitions. I enjoy helping clients explore connections between their family of origin (the family you grew up in) and their current relationships.
Hi, I’m Alexandra (she/her/hers) and I go by Alex. I am a supervisee in social work and I completed my masters of social work at Virginia Commonwealth University. I work with individuals ages 18 and up and my areas of practice include women’s health (including maternal mental health), anxiety disorders, depression, chronic health-related stress, grief, trauma, substance use disorders and life transitions. I enjoy helping clients explore connections between their family of origin (the family you grew up in) and their current relationships.
(804) 538-4634 View (804) 538-4634
Photo of Joseph Little, Licensed Professional Counselor
Joseph Little
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
I am an LPC (licensed professional counselor) in Virginia. Educated and trained at Wake Forest University, I am a community based mental health / mental wellness professional. My work targets issues including substance addiction, depression, anxiety, LGBTQ+ concerns, and challenging life transitions. I have expertise in working with clients of all ages with most of my client being families and adults (ages 18 and up). Provided online, I use Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), coupled with Logo Therapy that is tailored specifically to each client's needs. I recognize that clients are the experts of their own experience.
I am an LPC (licensed professional counselor) in Virginia. Educated and trained at Wake Forest University, I am a community based mental health / mental wellness professional. My work targets issues including substance addiction, depression, anxiety, LGBTQ+ concerns, and challenging life transitions. I have expertise in working with clients of all ages with most of my client being families and adults (ages 18 and up). Provided online, I use Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), coupled with Logo Therapy that is tailored specifically to each client's needs. I recognize that clients are the experts of their own experience.
(571) 688-5289 View (571) 688-5289
Photo of Elena M. Morales, MA, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Elena M. Morales
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
My name is Elena and I'm currently working toward licensure as an LPC under the supervision of Dr. Catherine Smith EdD, LPC-S at Intuitive Counseling & Hypnotherapy Services, LLC. I'm here to support you on your personal journey whether you are coping with anxiety, depression, life transitions, stress, or are in need of support.
My name is Elena and I'm currently working toward licensure as an LPC under the supervision of Dr. Catherine Smith EdD, LPC-S at Intuitive Counseling & Hypnotherapy Services, LLC. I'm here to support you on your personal journey whether you are coping with anxiety, depression, life transitions, stress, or are in need of support.
(540) 253-1476 View (540) 253-1476
Photo of Vivian McCorey, Licensed Professional Counselor
Vivian McCorey
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
As your clinician, my goal is to meet you where you are and to assist you with fastening the tools that you need to reach your personal and professional goals. We will work collaboratively to determine your treatment objectives and to make real-time adjustments to your campaign. During your initial visit, we will explore your intentions and identify your goals for therapy. My practice style is to use an integrative approach to assist my clients in understanding that they are the greatest agent for change, progress, and growth. YOU are the answer and the solution to your inquests.
As your clinician, my goal is to meet you where you are and to assist you with fastening the tools that you need to reach your personal and professional goals. We will work collaboratively to determine your treatment objectives and to make real-time adjustments to your campaign. During your initial visit, we will explore your intentions and identify your goals for therapy. My practice style is to use an integrative approach to assist my clients in understanding that they are the greatest agent for change, progress, and growth. YOU are the answer and the solution to your inquests.
(434) 577-6560 View (434) 577-6560
Photo of Michelle Patton Swisher, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle Patton Swisher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
Life can take many turns along the way. I am here to help navigate the way and assist with techniques for personal and professional growth. Depression, anxiety, work and family relationships and dynamics of everyday life are areas that can hinder our authentic self. I will help you explore ways for positive growth in all areas of your life. Do not let roadblocks of self doubt, mental health drain, and relationship woes keep that from you. Call me today for a consultation to discuss ways to get you to the other side.
Life can take many turns along the way. I am here to help navigate the way and assist with techniques for personal and professional growth. Depression, anxiety, work and family relationships and dynamics of everyday life are areas that can hinder our authentic self. I will help you explore ways for positive growth in all areas of your life. Do not let roadblocks of self doubt, mental health drain, and relationship woes keep that from you. Call me today for a consultation to discuss ways to get you to the other side.
(540) 802-4235 View (540) 802-4235
Photo of Jonathan Maurer, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jonathan Maurer
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
My name is Jonathan Maurer. I have been working in a psychiatric hospital with suicidal, psychotic, homicidal, and aggressive kids and their parents for the last 3 years. I enjoy learning about the experience of the human story. My goal is to create a safe space and be present with you as you share your story with me. I will listen, reflectively paraphrase, and ask calibrated questions with the aim to get you closer to where you want to be. Be ready to come in to do serious work.
My name is Jonathan Maurer. I have been working in a psychiatric hospital with suicidal, psychotic, homicidal, and aggressive kids and their parents for the last 3 years. I enjoy learning about the experience of the human story. My goal is to create a safe space and be present with you as you share your story with me. I will listen, reflectively paraphrase, and ask calibrated questions with the aim to get you closer to where you want to be. Be ready to come in to do serious work.
(571) 556-3529 View (571) 556-3529
Photo of Virginia Nielsen, Licensed Professional Counselor
Virginia Nielsen
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
I have been working in the mental health field since 2010. I began working with many clients with developmental disorders and Autism; teaching life skills, and behavioral management. In 2012, I started working with children and families within a home and community setting. Teaching behavioral techniques/plans, coping skills, parenting techniques/skills, and assisted with 504 plans with school districts. I finished my master’s in clinical, mental health counseling degree in 2016, and began working with adults, running groups, and completing intakes.
I have been working in the mental health field since 2010. I began working with many clients with developmental disorders and Autism; teaching life skills, and behavioral management. In 2012, I started working with children and families within a home and community setting. Teaching behavioral techniques/plans, coping skills, parenting techniques/skills, and assisted with 504 plans with school districts. I finished my master’s in clinical, mental health counseling degree in 2016, and began working with adults, running groups, and completing intakes.
(540) 679-7459 View (540) 679-7459
Photo of Shante Toliver - Rivers Bend Clinicals, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rivers Bend Clinicals, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
Our clients require training and education on ways to improving coping mechanisms when living with a mental health illness/diagnosis. We train, monitor, and educate clients on skills development for living independently. We teach clients about their psychotropic medication and ensure medication management. We connect and educate clients to and about community resources. We also demonstrate, train, and model self-advocacy skills to our clients. Our clients may have treatment history that includes substance abuse or doctor's recommendation.
Our clients require training and education on ways to improving coping mechanisms when living with a mental health illness/diagnosis. We train, monitor, and educate clients on skills development for living independently. We teach clients about their psychotropic medication and ensure medication management. We connect and educate clients to and about community resources. We also demonstrate, train, and model self-advocacy skills to our clients. Our clients may have treatment history that includes substance abuse or doctor's recommendation.
(804) 294-3695 View (804) 294-3695
Photo of Shela White - The Safe Space Therapeutic Services, LLC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
The Safe Space Therapeutic Services, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
The Safe Space Therapeutic Services is a private practice that specialize in providing individual therapy, teen counseling, and family support services. She’la White is the founder and is a Licensed Professional Counselor with years of experience working with children and families through assessment and intervention programs.  Shela’s goal is to help you achieve a full, vital, and meaningful life. As challenges occur, life becomes stressful and it can be difficult to feel balanced and in control. She believes in empowering individuals and families by using evidence-based treatments.
The Safe Space Therapeutic Services is a private practice that specialize in providing individual therapy, teen counseling, and family support services. She’la White is the founder and is a Licensed Professional Counselor with years of experience working with children and families through assessment and intervention programs.  Shela’s goal is to help you achieve a full, vital, and meaningful life. As challenges occur, life becomes stressful and it can be difficult to feel balanced and in control. She believes in empowering individuals and families by using evidence-based treatments.
(540) 210-1590 View (540) 210-1590
Photo of Larry J Colby, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Larry J Colby
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
Stress can come into our lives at the most unexpected and inconvenient times. We may try to deny the effects of stress in our lives until it becomes overbearing. When this happens, we tend to have developed behaviors that become more damaging than they are helpful – these are maladaptive behaviors. It can be hard to pick up the pieces and begin rebuilding our lives. Our thoughts and actions can get in our way. We can get stuck with our unhelpful actions and need help learning how to replace these behaviors.
Stress can come into our lives at the most unexpected and inconvenient times. We may try to deny the effects of stress in our lives until it becomes overbearing. When this happens, we tend to have developed behaviors that become more damaging than they are helpful – these are maladaptive behaviors. It can be hard to pick up the pieces and begin rebuilding our lives. Our thoughts and actions can get in our way. We can get stuck with our unhelpful actions and need help learning how to replace these behaviors.
(540) 329-3476 View (540) 329-3476
Photo of Melissa Roberts, LPC, MS, MT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Melissa Roberts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS, MT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546  (Online Only)
Have you wished you could talk to someone who is nonjudgmental and empathetic? I look forward to being 'that someone" for you. Have you wished you could seek therapy but were unable to do so due to the commute, lack of time, feeling uncomfortable, needing a babysitter or other ailments? I am pleased to have the opportunity to provide telehealth therapy ensuring accessibility and comfort and safety from your home. Request an appointment today. Together, we can persevere.
Have you wished you could talk to someone who is nonjudgmental and empathetic? I look forward to being 'that someone" for you. Have you wished you could seek therapy but were unable to do so due to the commute, lack of time, feeling uncomfortable, needing a babysitter or other ailments? I am pleased to have the opportunity to provide telehealth therapy ensuring accessibility and comfort and safety from your home. Request an appointment today. Together, we can persevere.
(804) 408-4572 View (804) 408-4572
Photo of Ederis Martinez-Cunion - Your Path Counseling Center, MS, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Your Path Counseling Center
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
We work with children, adolescents, adults and families struggling with various challenges including depression, anxiety, grief, self-confidence, trauma and addictions in a variety of settings.
We work with children, adolescents, adults and families struggling with various challenges including depression, anxiety, grief, self-confidence, trauma and addictions in a variety of settings.
(804) 299-4643 View (804) 299-4643
Photo of Grace Johnson, MA
Grace Johnson
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ruther Glen, VA 22546
Having been on the other side of the chair, I want to you know that the healing process is in your capable hands. This is a challenge but you have everything you need to thrive already with you. Let me be there to reflect, hold space, encourage, and guide you to higher levels of awareness. Together we can create a treatment plan to support the navigation of your emotions, symptoms, communications, and the systems you are a part of. I am formerly a PreK-5 educator and I bring direct, creative, effervescent, nurturing, and bright energy to sessions.
Having been on the other side of the chair, I want to you know that the healing process is in your capable hands. This is a challenge but you have everything you need to thrive already with you. Let me be there to reflect, hold space, encourage, and guide you to higher levels of awareness. Together we can create a treatment plan to support the navigation of your emotions, symptoms, communications, and the systems you are a part of. I am formerly a PreK-5 educator and I bring direct, creative, effervescent, nurturing, and bright energy to sessions.
(804) 676-6473 View (804) 676-6473

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Sarah McClelland - Counseling Services of Virginia, LCSW, LPC, OT, CALT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Counseling Services of Virginia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LPC, OT, CALT
Verified Verified
Bowling Green, VA 22427
Have your negative thoughts taken over? Have you been feeling sad or stressed while trying to keep it all together? Struggling with motivation? Are your relationships distant or full of conflict? Have you been feeling disconnected from those around you? Wanting to talk with someone but not knowing with whom, or how? Asking for help can be hard! Seeking therapy requires a great deal of strength and commitment and you have taken a great first step. We are going to guide you the rest of the way.
Have your negative thoughts taken over? Have you been feeling sad or stressed while trying to keep it all together? Struggling with motivation? Are your relationships distant or full of conflict? Have you been feeling disconnected from those around you? Wanting to talk with someone but not knowing with whom, or how? Asking for help can be hard! Seeking therapy requires a great deal of strength and commitment and you have taken a great first step. We are going to guide you the rest of the way.
(540) 699-1767 View (540) 699-1767
Photo of Crystal Driggs, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Crystal Driggs
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Ladysmith, VA 22501
I help children, adolescents, and teens who are having difficulty managing emotions, struggling with behavior, and/or going through changes in the home. I believe that children can not only communicate issues through play but also learn new skills the best when play therapy techniques are intertwined within their therapy experience. Many adolescents and teens benefit from a neutral sounding board that can provide support and new perspectives.
I help children, adolescents, and teens who are having difficulty managing emotions, struggling with behavior, and/or going through changes in the home. I believe that children can not only communicate issues through play but also learn new skills the best when play therapy techniques are intertwined within their therapy experience. Many adolescents and teens benefit from a neutral sounding board that can provide support and new perspectives.
(804) 485-2630 View (804) 485-2630

See more therapy options for Ruther Glen

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ruther Glen, VA

10+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Ruther Glen, VA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
78% Anger Management
72% Family Conflict
67% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% Cigna and Evernorth
73% Anthem
60% Aetna

How Therapists in Ruther Glen, VA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

65% Female
30% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ruther Glen?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.