Therapists in Prince William County, VA

View cities in Prince William County
Photo of Dr. Alyse Munoz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdD, LCSW
Dr. Alyse Munoz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdD, LCSW
Woodbridge, VA 22192
Waitlist for new clients
Maybe slowing down is not an option, or you love the fast-paced career but have hit burnout, retirement is looming, or you are trying to find your new rhythm after a change (injury, move, marriage, job change). With over 10 years of experience as an embedded clinician working with military and first responders, I bring a unique perspective to mental health with a focus on trauma and human performance. In collaboration with my clients, we work to craft personalized strategies that address mental health within high-stakes environments, focusing on tools and strategies to optimize health and performance.
Maybe slowing down is not an option, or you love the fast-paced career but have hit burnout, retirement is looming, or you are trying to find your new rhythm after a change (injury, move, marriage, job change). With over 10 years of experience as an embedded clinician working with military and first responders, I bring a unique perspective to mental health with a focus on trauma and human performance. In collaboration with my clients, we work to craft personalized strategies that address mental health within high-stakes environments, focusing on tools and strategies to optimize health and performance.
(571) 576-6061 View (571) 576-6061
Photo of Kayla Canipe, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kayla Canipe
Pre-Licensed Professional
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Kayla provides support for individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, and difficulties adjusting to significant life events. Her therapeutic approach is grounded in a person-centered philosophy, incorporating elements of CBT, DBT, Adlerian theory, and EMDR. Kayla believes in creating a safe, supportive space where clients can engage in difficult conversations, explore their past, and address current stressors. Her goal is to empower clients to develop effective coping skills, increase distress tolerance, and enhance problem-solving abilities, ultimately helping them become the best version of themselves.
Kayla provides support for individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, and difficulties adjusting to significant life events. Her therapeutic approach is grounded in a person-centered philosophy, incorporating elements of CBT, DBT, Adlerian theory, and EMDR. Kayla believes in creating a safe, supportive space where clients can engage in difficult conversations, explore their past, and address current stressors. Her goal is to empower clients to develop effective coping skills, increase distress tolerance, and enhance problem-solving abilities, ultimately helping them become the best version of themselves.
(571) 605-2856 View (571) 605-2856
Photo of Camille Mota Tineo, Resident in Counseling, MS
Camille Mota Tineo
Resident in Counseling, MS
1 Endorsed
Gainesville, VA 20155
Not accepting new clients
As a mental health counselor, I am committed to supporting the journey to wellness of everyone I have the privilege of working with. I work with teenagers and adults who currently struggle, or have struggled, with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and ADHD. I also offer my support to those who are adjusting to expected and unexpected life transitions, and those who simply need an unbiased spectator and collaborator for their most important project, which is creating a joyful and fulfilling life.
As a mental health counselor, I am committed to supporting the journey to wellness of everyone I have the privilege of working with. I work with teenagers and adults who currently struggle, or have struggled, with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and ADHD. I also offer my support to those who are adjusting to expected and unexpected life transitions, and those who simply need an unbiased spectator and collaborator for their most important project, which is creating a joyful and fulfilling life.
(703) 570-1126 View (703) 570-1126
Photo of Nicole Crennan, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Nicole Crennan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Hopeless, scared, stagnant. Life has thrown all of its punches, and you have tried your best to guard your heart and mind. Your past has left you anxious, and yet time seems to keep moving. Fear of your past has you in its clutches and your are ready to rediscover your inner strength; When you are not sure about your next steps, come take a seat on my virtual couch.
Hopeless, scared, stagnant. Life has thrown all of its punches, and you have tried your best to guard your heart and mind. Your past has left you anxious, and yet time seems to keep moving. Fear of your past has you in its clutches and your are ready to rediscover your inner strength; When you are not sure about your next steps, come take a seat on my virtual couch.
View
Photo of Gregg C Wilson - Harvest Counseling and Consulting, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSAC, BCD
Harvest Counseling and Consulting
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSAC, BCD
Manassas Park, VA 20111
As a husband, parent, and veteran I understand how difficult it is to manage multiple and competing demands. These demands coupled with stress, trauma and life's challenges and transitions can be frustrating and overwhelming. The decision to engage in therapy is a courageous step toward healing, recovery, and restoration. I understand these challenges from a personal and professional perspective. Engaging helping professionals is a weighty and healthy decision and essential for achieving personal growth and recovery.
As a husband, parent, and veteran I understand how difficult it is to manage multiple and competing demands. These demands coupled with stress, trauma and life's challenges and transitions can be frustrating and overwhelming. The decision to engage in therapy is a courageous step toward healing, recovery, and restoration. I understand these challenges from a personal and professional perspective. Engaging helping professionals is a weighty and healthy decision and essential for achieving personal growth and recovery.
(540) 657-3450 View (540) 657-3450
Photo of Dr. Ramfis L Marquez, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Dr. Ramfis L Marquez
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Online Only
Welcome to my private practice profile. I’m Dr. Ramfis L. Marquez, a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 25 years of experience. My expertise lies in trauma-informed, person-centered care and mindfulness-based approaches, helping individuals, couples, and families heal and grow. Whether you're managing stress, anxiety, or seeking overall well-being, I focus on uncovering your strengths and guiding you toward your personal goals. Let’s work together to bring clarity and balance to your life in a safe, supportive environment.
Welcome to my private practice profile. I’m Dr. Ramfis L. Marquez, a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 25 years of experience. My expertise lies in trauma-informed, person-centered care and mindfulness-based approaches, helping individuals, couples, and families heal and grow. Whether you're managing stress, anxiety, or seeking overall well-being, I focus on uncovering your strengths and guiding you toward your personal goals. Let’s work together to bring clarity and balance to your life in a safe, supportive environment.
(571) 626-5798 View (571) 626-5798
Photo of Patty McNeely, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd, NCC
Patty McNeely
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd, NCC
2 Endorsed
Woodbridge, VA 22192
“…the best way out is always through,” – Robert Frost. Are you hurting? Do you need someone to listen, hold space for you, and help you organize your emotions and thoughts? The fact that you are researching providers is a huge step in getting the help you need. It takes a lot of courage to ask for and allow others to help us. My goal as a counselor has always been to help clients bridge their difficult emotions, challenges, and life’s bumps in the road in order to process events and find their inner strengths to carry on and be successful.
“…the best way out is always through,” – Robert Frost. Are you hurting? Do you need someone to listen, hold space for you, and help you organize your emotions and thoughts? The fact that you are researching providers is a huge step in getting the help you need. It takes a lot of courage to ask for and allow others to help us. My goal as a counselor has always been to help clients bridge their difficult emotions, challenges, and life’s bumps in the road in order to process events and find their inner strengths to carry on and be successful.
(703) 686-5566 View (703) 686-5566
Photo of Tia Coleman, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Tia Coleman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
1 Endorsed
Manassas, VA 20111
Konichiwa! My name is Tia Coleman. I am a licensed professional therapist and a clinical supervisor with 10 years experience working with clients and families in school settings, community based settings, adolescents in shelters, and private agencies. I am welcoming, empathic and passionate about my work. I help clients acknowledge the various contexts which impact their lives, connect with their strengths and learn new ways to adjust to societies ever changing world. I am here to support you through challenges in your life.
Konichiwa! My name is Tia Coleman. I am a licensed professional therapist and a clinical supervisor with 10 years experience working with clients and families in school settings, community based settings, adolescents in shelters, and private agencies. I am welcoming, empathic and passionate about my work. I help clients acknowledge the various contexts which impact their lives, connect with their strengths and learn new ways to adjust to societies ever changing world. I am here to support you through challenges in your life.
(571) 506-8559 View (571) 506-8559
Photo of Sharlene Hamilton, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, ACS
Sharlene Hamilton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, ACS
9 Endorsed
Woodbridge, VA 22192
I provide therapy, insight, and support to children and their parents, teens, adults, couples, and families. I use a variety of techniques based in sound theory to include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy to guide clients through their challenges. In sessions clients address anxiety, depression, relationship/marital difficulties, grief & loss difficulties, parental separation/divorce, trauma/PTSD, suicidal ideation/self-harm, social phobias, peer relationship and social skills difficulties, ADHD, and other behavioral Issues.
I provide therapy, insight, and support to children and their parents, teens, adults, couples, and families. I use a variety of techniques based in sound theory to include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy to guide clients through their challenges. In sessions clients address anxiety, depression, relationship/marital difficulties, grief & loss difficulties, parental separation/divorce, trauma/PTSD, suicidal ideation/self-harm, social phobias, peer relationship and social skills difficulties, ADHD, and other behavioral Issues.
(703) 291-3681 View (703) 291-3681
Photo of Erin Koffman Pollock - Indelible Changes, LLC (Erin Koffman Pollock), Resident in Counseling, JD, MA, RIC
Indelible Changes, LLC (Erin Koffman Pollock)
Resident in Counseling, JD, MA, RIC
Woodbridge, VA 22192
Our mission is "To empower individuals, couples, and families to break free from the chains that bind them, in order to create present and multi-generational changes that last forever. Indelible means that which cannot be undone; permanent." Everyone needs some extra support in their lives, at times, to work through difficult situations and complex feelings. Working collaboratively with my clients, we create action plans to get their lives back on track, while enabling them to embrace the strength to find their way forward to a meaningful future they are excited about.
Our mission is "To empower individuals, couples, and families to break free from the chains that bind them, in order to create present and multi-generational changes that last forever. Indelible means that which cannot be undone; permanent." Everyone needs some extra support in their lives, at times, to work through difficult situations and complex feelings. Working collaboratively with my clients, we create action plans to get their lives back on track, while enabling them to embrace the strength to find their way forward to a meaningful future they are excited about.
(571) 583-3206 View (571) 583-3206
Photo of Charlyn Taylor Toupin, Licensed Professional Counselor
Charlyn Taylor Toupin
Licensed Professional Counselor
Online Only
Awareness Counseling LLC in Virginia Beach, VA. My educational background consists of a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and a Master's in Clinical Mental Health and Counseling, both from South University, Virginia Beach. This is my second career after spending over 25 years working with the senior population as a therapeutic recreation specialist/nursing/dementia unit director. Counseling has been a deep-seated love all of her life; my philosophy is that all we need is to become self-aware and have the ability to self-reflect, and we are halfway there once we have committed to taking this journey.
Awareness Counseling LLC in Virginia Beach, VA. My educational background consists of a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and a Master's in Clinical Mental Health and Counseling, both from South University, Virginia Beach. This is my second career after spending over 25 years working with the senior population as a therapeutic recreation specialist/nursing/dementia unit director. Counseling has been a deep-seated love all of her life; my philosophy is that all we need is to become self-aware and have the ability to self-reflect, and we are halfway there once we have committed to taking this journey.
(757) 244-9572 View (757) 244-9572
Photo of Elizabeth M Wilkins-McKee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Elizabeth M Wilkins-McKee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Manassas, VA 20111
I believe in treating the whole person, so let me introduce myself. I’ve been practicing as a licensed clinical social worker for 25 years (in Michigan, Vermont, and Virginia). I’m a second-generation mental health provider (and third-generation health care provider). I’m a singer, gardener, swimmer, reader, and traveler. I live in Manassas, Virginia with my husband and two awesome kids. And I love what I do. I’ve had the privilege of serving more than a thousand clients, people who have come to me with the desire to live a healthier and less painful life. I’ve had the joy of nurturing their growth and witnessing their healing.
I believe in treating the whole person, so let me introduce myself. I’ve been practicing as a licensed clinical social worker for 25 years (in Michigan, Vermont, and Virginia). I’m a second-generation mental health provider (and third-generation health care provider). I’m a singer, gardener, swimmer, reader, and traveler. I live in Manassas, Virginia with my husband and two awesome kids. And I love what I do. I’ve had the privilege of serving more than a thousand clients, people who have come to me with the desire to live a healthier and less painful life. I’ve had the joy of nurturing their growth and witnessing their healing.
(571) 771-2720 View (571) 771-2720
Photo of Jason Epstein, Psychologist, PsyD
Jason Epstein
Psychologist, PsyD
Woodbridge, VA 22193
Navigating your way through life is often overwhelming. Balancing work obligations, family needs, and obstacles that seem to "come out of the blue", all while somehow trying to find time for yourself, can lead to a host of emotional challenges. If you find yourself struggling with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, a lack of clarity about your life circumstances, we are here to help. If you feel a sense of isolation and disconnection, therapy might be of great benefit to you. I greatly welcome the opportunity to partner with you as you work toward creating a life of your own design.
Navigating your way through life is often overwhelming. Balancing work obligations, family needs, and obstacles that seem to "come out of the blue", all while somehow trying to find time for yourself, can lead to a host of emotional challenges. If you find yourself struggling with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, a lack of clarity about your life circumstances, we are here to help. If you feel a sense of isolation and disconnection, therapy might be of great benefit to you. I greatly welcome the opportunity to partner with you as you work toward creating a life of your own design.
(571) 253-7672 View (571) 253-7672
Photo of Elizabeth S Wyman - Magnolia Healing Hearts Counseling Center LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MSPSYCH, MSCMHC, LPC, NCC
Magnolia Healing Hearts Counseling Center LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSPSYCH, MSCMHC, LPC, NCC
Manassas, VA 20112
We now are entering life after the pandemic. Trying to navigate can be hard at times. Elizabeth helps you navigate through all the stresses and anxieties of life. Elizabeth specializes in anxiety, depression, bipolar, substance abuse, grief and loss and many more mental health issues. Elizabeth brings to the table years of experience working with individuals who have difficulties with their mental health.
We now are entering life after the pandemic. Trying to navigate can be hard at times. Elizabeth helps you navigate through all the stresses and anxieties of life. Elizabeth specializes in anxiety, depression, bipolar, substance abuse, grief and loss and many more mental health issues. Elizabeth brings to the table years of experience working with individuals who have difficulties with their mental health.
(571) 470-6593 View (571) 470-6593
Photo of Parnia Samimi, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, RC
Parnia Samimi
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, RC
Gainesville, VA 20155
My clientele consists of individuals from ages 10 and up. Which includes couple therapy as well. I work with clients who struggle with Anxiety, Depression, OCD, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Trauma, Self-esteem, Self-harm, Social and Communication Skills, Anger Management, communication/relationship, and eating disorders.
My clientele consists of individuals from ages 10 and up. Which includes couple therapy as well. I work with clients who struggle with Anxiety, Depression, OCD, Substance Abuse and Addiction, Trauma, Self-esteem, Self-harm, Social and Communication Skills, Anger Management, communication/relationship, and eating disorders.
(571) 701-1639 View (571) 701-1639
Photo of Taylor Buckley - Ellie Mental Health Woodbridge - Taylor Buckley, Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Ellie Mental Health Woodbridge - Taylor Buckley
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Online Only
Hi everyone! I'm Taylor Buckley, and I work as a mental health therapist at Ellie Mental Health of Woodbridge, Virginia. My passion is working with children, teens and young adults, and helping them walk through the variety of challenges they face today. I am currently taking new clients, and I provide both in-person and virtual/telehealth services to clients over twelve. I have no waitlist, and I take most insurances. I support my clients as they work through anxiety, depression, trauma, and a variety of behavioral issues. I also help clients working through ADD/ADHD, executive functioning, self esteem and peer relationships.
Hi everyone! I'm Taylor Buckley, and I work as a mental health therapist at Ellie Mental Health of Woodbridge, Virginia. My passion is working with children, teens and young adults, and helping them walk through the variety of challenges they face today. I am currently taking new clients, and I provide both in-person and virtual/telehealth services to clients over twelve. I have no waitlist, and I take most insurances. I support my clients as they work through anxiety, depression, trauma, and a variety of behavioral issues. I also help clients working through ADD/ADHD, executive functioning, self esteem and peer relationships.
(703) 215-1695 View (703) 215-1695
Photo of Shirrie Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CAADC
Shirrie Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CAADC
Online Only
Currently, I work at two online locations Supporting the Journey Counseling and Haymarket Counseling. I have worked in a non-profit, private practice, hospital, and with the juvenile correction system.  I have experience in providing therapy to adolescents, individuals, couples, families, mental health and substance abuse groups. I have been working with adolescents since 2002; dealing with depression, anger, self-esteem, personal/social issues, conflict management, and risky behaviors. I specialize in working with couple conflicts and adults with depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, PTSD, and relationship issues.
Currently, I work at two online locations Supporting the Journey Counseling and Haymarket Counseling. I have worked in a non-profit, private practice, hospital, and with the juvenile correction system.  I have experience in providing therapy to adolescents, individuals, couples, families, mental health and substance abuse groups. I have been working with adolescents since 2002; dealing with depression, anger, self-esteem, personal/social issues, conflict management, and risky behaviors. I specialize in working with couple conflicts and adults with depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, PTSD, and relationship issues.
(571) 462-6271 View (571) 462-6271
Photo of Yasmin Vigil-Chavez, Pre-Licensed Professional
Yasmin Vigil-Chavez
Pre-Licensed Professional
1 Endorsed
Woodbridge, VA 22192
Life can feel really heavy sometimes and no matter what you do, you feel stuck carrying more than you can handle. Maybe you're dealing with stress, relationship issues, past pain, or just feeling off and unsure where to turn next. I’m here to walk alongside you, offering support and tools to help lighten that load and help you move forward. I work with individuals, couples, and families who are ready for things to feel different and better.
Life can feel really heavy sometimes and no matter what you do, you feel stuck carrying more than you can handle. Maybe you're dealing with stress, relationship issues, past pain, or just feeling off and unsure where to turn next. I’m here to walk alongside you, offering support and tools to help lighten that load and help you move forward. I work with individuals, couples, and families who are ready for things to feel different and better.
(571) 554-6876 View (571) 554-6876
Photo of Bushra Rashid, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Bushra Rashid
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Online Only
Are you struggling to find your way through the darkness of grief, trauma or anxiety? Do you long for a safe space to heal and recover? Loss comes in many forms – the departure of a loved one, the absence of a cherished pet, the heartbreak of divorce. Trauma can lead to distressing thoughts and memories from the past that makes it difficult to move forward. Anxiety can affect your relationships and interactions with others. Together, we'll explore the depths of your emotions and work towards uncovering the resilience that resides within you.
Are you struggling to find your way through the darkness of grief, trauma or anxiety? Do you long for a safe space to heal and recover? Loss comes in many forms – the departure of a loved one, the absence of a cherished pet, the heartbreak of divorce. Trauma can lead to distressing thoughts and memories from the past that makes it difficult to move forward. Anxiety can affect your relationships and interactions with others. Together, we'll explore the depths of your emotions and work towards uncovering the resilience that resides within you.
(571) 368-6184 View (571) 368-6184
Photo of Pamela Marshall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Pamela Marshall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Are you sick and tired of being sick and tired? Do you feel that no one understands you? Who or what are you missing? Do you know the reasons you behave the way you do? Are you crippled by fear or lacking social skills? Has relationship issues? Well, you are not alone; I am here to help you through this!
Are you sick and tired of being sick and tired? Do you feel that no one understands you? Who or what are you missing? Do you know the reasons you behave the way you do? Are you crippled by fear or lacking social skills? Has relationship issues? Well, you are not alone; I am here to help you through this!
(703) 454-5733 View (703) 454-5733

See more therapy options for Prince William County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Prince William County, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Prince William County, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
73% Stress
69% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues
64% Self Esteem
63% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
80% Anthem
78% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Prince William County, VA see their clients

55% Online Only
45% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Prince William County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.