Therapists in Paeonian Springs, VA

Photo of Dr. Jeff J. Rocker, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC, LMHC, LCPC
Dr. Jeff J. Rocker
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC, LMHC, LCPC
Serves Area
With 14 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is licensed in 25 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
With 14 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is licensed in 25 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
(571) 556-4051 View (571) 556-4051
Photo of Maria Antonia Alfonso, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMHC
Maria Antonia Alfonso
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMHC
Online Only
Are you struggling with the aftermath of a breakup? Feeling the weight of trauma history in your relationships? or Are you navigating the complexities of sexual health challenges, like issues related to gender, sexual orientation, sexually transmitted infections, or living with HIV/AIDS? Do you want healthy and fulfilling relationships and would like to create a more balanced life, that includes sexual pleasure and sexual safety as well, but don’t know how to start? You have landed on the right profile! Schedule a free consultation with me now.
Are you struggling with the aftermath of a breakup? Feeling the weight of trauma history in your relationships? or Are you navigating the complexities of sexual health challenges, like issues related to gender, sexual orientation, sexually transmitted infections, or living with HIV/AIDS? Do you want healthy and fulfilling relationships and would like to create a more balanced life, that includes sexual pleasure and sexual safety as well, but don’t know how to start? You have landed on the right profile! Schedule a free consultation with me now.
(866) 779-3045 View (866) 779-3045
Photo of Sonnee D Stanley, Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, LPC-S, LMFT-S, AAMFT-S
Sonnee D Stanley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, LPC-S, LMFT-S, AAMFT-S
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Ever feel like you're missing the right tools to tackle life's challenges? Or maybe you’ve got them but don’t know how to use them anymore? That’s where therapy comes in. Together, we’ll uncover strengths within you and connect you with resources in your community. We’ll build a plan to help you achieve your personal goals. Think of me as your coach, showing you the potential you might not see, giving you tools to overcome hurdles, and cheering you on every step of the way!
Ever feel like you're missing the right tools to tackle life's challenges? Or maybe you’ve got them but don’t know how to use them anymore? That’s where therapy comes in. Together, we’ll uncover strengths within you and connect you with resources in your community. We’ll build a plan to help you achieve your personal goals. Think of me as your coach, showing you the potential you might not see, giving you tools to overcome hurdles, and cheering you on every step of the way!
(757) 801-5415 View (757) 801-5415
Photo of Kathleen C. Fort, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Kathleen C. Fort
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Online Only
Have you been diagnosed with ADHD or wondered if you might have ADHD? Do you feel like you are fighting through a fog that often hinders you from achieving your goals at work, school, or home? Are you tired of struggling to get important work done and apps and to-do lists are not helping as much as they used to? Hello, my name is Kathleen Fort LICSW, LCSW and I am here to help. I am a psychotherapist with over twenty-five years of experience specializing in working with adults who have ADHD, think they might have ADHD, or adults who simply struggle with avoidance, procrastination, anxiety and work/life balance.
Have you been diagnosed with ADHD or wondered if you might have ADHD? Do you feel like you are fighting through a fog that often hinders you from achieving your goals at work, school, or home? Are you tired of struggling to get important work done and apps and to-do lists are not helping as much as they used to? Hello, my name is Kathleen Fort LICSW, LCSW and I am here to help. I am a psychotherapist with over twenty-five years of experience specializing in working with adults who have ADHD, think they might have ADHD, or adults who simply struggle with avoidance, procrastination, anxiety and work/life balance.
(217) 819-0281 View (217) 819-0281
Photo of Sara Marley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sara Marley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I believe that life is a process of becoming. With the passing of time, we all change and so our needs and wants within ourselves and within our relationships also change. Are you eager for positive change that improves your relationships with others and allows for new understanding and compassion for yourself? Increased awareness and clarity of unconscious patterns can provide opportunities to heal old wounds and create new paths and shifts towards fulfillment. I encourage prospective clients to give me a call or email to ask questions that might help you determine if my approach is a good fit for your current needs.
I believe that life is a process of becoming. With the passing of time, we all change and so our needs and wants within ourselves and within our relationships also change. Are you eager for positive change that improves your relationships with others and allows for new understanding and compassion for yourself? Increased awareness and clarity of unconscious patterns can provide opportunities to heal old wounds and create new paths and shifts towards fulfillment. I encourage prospective clients to give me a call or email to ask questions that might help you determine if my approach is a good fit for your current needs.
(540) 329-2202 View (540) 329-2202
Photo of Autumn Hahn, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, CHT, LPC
Autumn Hahn
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, CHT, LPC
4 Endorsed
Online Only
If you are tired of not being over the trauma, guilt & shame, substance abuse, or physical pain, I want to get you: living in the moment, happy, and connected with others. My holistic approach gives fast relief with humor, storytelling, hypnotherapy, and memory reconsolidation.
If you are tired of not being over the trauma, guilt & shame, substance abuse, or physical pain, I want to get you: living in the moment, happy, and connected with others. My holistic approach gives fast relief with humor, storytelling, hypnotherapy, and memory reconsolidation.
(954) 871-2607 View (954) 871-2607
Photo of Debbie Jordan, Counselor, LMHC, LCPC, LPC
Debbie Jordan
Counselor, LMHC, LCPC, LPC
Online Only
I help people who feel drained and exhausted from trying to be perfect and meet the needs of everyone else. I help them to find ways to start taking care of themselves so that they feel more in charge of their own time and care.
I help people who feel drained and exhausted from trying to be perfect and meet the needs of everyone else. I help them to find ways to start taking care of themselves so that they feel more in charge of their own time and care.
(813) 491-9248 View (813) 491-9248
Photo of Barbara M Brown - Barbara M. Brown, Psychotherapist, Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC, LMFT, Psychot
Barbara M. Brown, Psychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC, LMFT, Psychot
Online Only
As a psychotherapist in full-time practice for over 30 years, I take an integrated approach to therapy. I’m trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Emotional Focused Therapy, Family Therapy, and mindfulness practices. Therapy can help you get unstuck. Whether you are dealing with difficult relationship issues, individual worries, fears, lack of confidence, or unresolved issues, it is possible to move forward and change your life.
As a psychotherapist in full-time practice for over 30 years, I take an integrated approach to therapy. I’m trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Emotional Focused Therapy, Family Therapy, and mindfulness practices. Therapy can help you get unstuck. Whether you are dealing with difficult relationship issues, individual worries, fears, lack of confidence, or unresolved issues, it is possible to move forward and change your life.
(757) 941-5625 View (757) 941-5625
Photo of Karen C Lewis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, CCTP
Karen C Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, CCTP
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you stuck in a negative cycle? As a skilled therapist, I help clients break free from unhealthy patterns by providing a safe and secure environment where they can explore the root cause of the issue and use that newfound knowledge to discover the tools they will need to live a more fulfilling and meaningful life. My ultimate goal is to help my clients find a sense of empowerment and resilience in the face of their challenges using evidence-based and trauma-informed therapeutic interventions, including EMDR, CBT, Motivational Interviewing (MI), Solution Focused Therapy (SFT), and Mindfulness techniques.
Are you stuck in a negative cycle? As a skilled therapist, I help clients break free from unhealthy patterns by providing a safe and secure environment where they can explore the root cause of the issue and use that newfound knowledge to discover the tools they will need to live a more fulfilling and meaningful life. My ultimate goal is to help my clients find a sense of empowerment and resilience in the face of their challenges using evidence-based and trauma-informed therapeutic interventions, including EMDR, CBT, Motivational Interviewing (MI), Solution Focused Therapy (SFT), and Mindfulness techniques.
(757) 997-6628 View (757) 997-6628
Photo of Keith D Huffman, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Keith D Huffman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Online Only
“I specialize in working at the intersection of ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, and Autism Spectrum traits—helping clients untangle overlapping struggles like emotional dysregulation, executive dysfunction, and social withdrawal. My approach is grounded in practical tools, relational depth, and insight-oriented work that restores clarity, self-trust, and momentum.”
“I specialize in working at the intersection of ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, and Autism Spectrum traits—helping clients untangle overlapping struggles like emotional dysregulation, executive dysfunction, and social withdrawal. My approach is grounded in practical tools, relational depth, and insight-oriented work that restores clarity, self-trust, and momentum.”
(434) 226-5745 View (434) 226-5745
Photo of Megan A Connell, Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Megan A Connell
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Online Only
I help people who feel overwhelmed by the challenges of daily life. Have you been stuck in a cycle of overwhelming stress? Do you feel like you’re doing your best but are still stuck in old patterns of anxiety, sadness, or loneliness? Navigating the swamps of stress, worry, sadness, and pressure is exhausting - it’s not unusual to feel burned out, stuck, or even a little hopeless. Therapy is an opportunity to address challenges, past and future, while working toward the life you want to live.
I help people who feel overwhelmed by the challenges of daily life. Have you been stuck in a cycle of overwhelming stress? Do you feel like you’re doing your best but are still stuck in old patterns of anxiety, sadness, or loneliness? Navigating the swamps of stress, worry, sadness, and pressure is exhausting - it’s not unusual to feel burned out, stuck, or even a little hopeless. Therapy is an opportunity to address challenges, past and future, while working toward the life you want to live.
(844) 552-0935 View (844) 552-0935
Photo of Sonya N Peretti-Hull, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Sonya N Peretti-Hull
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, grief, or past trauma? You don’t have to navigate it alone. I offer specialized EMDR therapy to help you heal from trauma, PTSD, anxiety, or depression. You can choose from individual sessions, focused intensives, or group support, finding the format that works best for you. I strive to make healing accessible, accepting both self-pay and insurance options, and you can start with a free 15-minute consultation.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, grief, or past trauma? You don’t have to navigate it alone. I offer specialized EMDR therapy to help you heal from trauma, PTSD, anxiety, or depression. You can choose from individual sessions, focused intensives, or group support, finding the format that works best for you. I strive to make healing accessible, accepting both self-pay and insurance options, and you can start with a free 15-minute consultation.
(757) 267-9772 View (757) 267-9772

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Lisa Parise, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RSMT, RYT 200, TCTSY-F
Lisa Parise
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RSMT, RYT 200, TCTSY-F
Serves Area
Trauma is stored in the body. My clients often experience this through chronic pain, flight energy that disguises as anxiety and self-doubt, and freeze energy that hides as depression and lethargy. Together, we use movement practices that discharge stuck survival energy and alleviates suffering, brings balance into their life's experience, and achieves a sense of empowerment. In just a few sessions, most clients report a 50% decrease in their symptoms.
Trauma is stored in the body. My clients often experience this through chronic pain, flight energy that disguises as anxiety and self-doubt, and freeze energy that hides as depression and lethargy. Together, we use movement practices that discharge stuck survival energy and alleviates suffering, brings balance into their life's experience, and achieves a sense of empowerment. In just a few sessions, most clients report a 50% decrease in their symptoms.
(804) 409-0155 View (804) 409-0155
Photo of Dan Campbell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Dan Campbell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Fairfax, VA 22030
Depression, Anxiety, Autism, ADHD, and Learning Disabilities take a toll on relationships and your ability to live a fulfilling life. If you or a loved one have challenges related to any of these issues, I'm dedicated to helping you and your family reduce stress, solve problems, enhance relationships, and create a life worth living. I create a safe place where you can tell your story and engage with me in finding skills that help and solutions that fit. While helping families, I will also communicate with schools and other professionals to create a team that works.
Depression, Anxiety, Autism, ADHD, and Learning Disabilities take a toll on relationships and your ability to live a fulfilling life. If you or a loved one have challenges related to any of these issues, I'm dedicated to helping you and your family reduce stress, solve problems, enhance relationships, and create a life worth living. I create a safe place where you can tell your story and engage with me in finding skills that help and solutions that fit. While helping families, I will also communicate with schools and other professionals to create a team that works.
(703) 691-5326 View (703) 691-5326
Photo of Carolyn Heier Young, Psychologist, PsyD
Carolyn Heier Young
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Reston, VA 20190
Practicing in-person and virtually in VA and virtually only in CA, I work with kids, teens, adults, couples, & families. I am able to help people of all ages with a wide range of issues, including depression and other mood disorders, anxiety, and trauma. With children, I also help with ADHD, emotional and behavioral problems, and selective mutism, and help parents with parenting skills. Bilingual in English and Spanish, I enjoy working with individuals from diverse groups, including the LGBTQ community and those from diverse ethnic backgrounds. I help adults and children alike to achieve their goals and reach their full potential.
Practicing in-person and virtually in VA and virtually only in CA, I work with kids, teens, adults, couples, & families. I am able to help people of all ages with a wide range of issues, including depression and other mood disorders, anxiety, and trauma. With children, I also help with ADHD, emotional and behavioral problems, and selective mutism, and help parents with parenting skills. Bilingual in English and Spanish, I enjoy working with individuals from diverse groups, including the LGBTQ community and those from diverse ethnic backgrounds. I help adults and children alike to achieve their goals and reach their full potential.
(703) 293-5867 View (703) 293-5867
Photo of Dr. Judith Markey, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Judith Markey
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
McLean, VA 22101
I work with adults and adolescents in the treatment of anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, LGBTQ+ issues and high functioning autism in individual and couples therapy. I provide psychological assessment for individuals seeking gender-affirming care and presurgical psychological assessment for bariatric surgery. I hold a master's degree and doctorate in clinical psychology and am a graduate of a post-doctoral program at Harvard Medical School. In addition to my clinical practice, I am a clinical assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at George Washington University. I am a former modern dancer and choreographer.
I work with adults and adolescents in the treatment of anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, LGBTQ+ issues and high functioning autism in individual and couples therapy. I provide psychological assessment for individuals seeking gender-affirming care and presurgical psychological assessment for bariatric surgery. I hold a master's degree and doctorate in clinical psychology and am a graduate of a post-doctoral program at Harvard Medical School. In addition to my clinical practice, I am a clinical assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at George Washington University. I am a former modern dancer and choreographer.
(571) 771-2991 View (571) 771-2991
Photo of Judith Henderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Judith Henderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 15 years of experience in a variety of roles and settings including inpatient psychiatry, family and adolescent counseling, intensive community treatment and extensive history working in corrections with inmates. I am currently employed as a Clinical Supervisor with a local Drug Treatment Court. I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and have helped many clients with past trauma, addiction and comorbid mental health diagnoses. I approach all of my clients
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 15 years of experience in a variety of roles and settings including inpatient psychiatry, family and adolescent counseling, intensive community treatment and extensive history working in corrections with inmates. I am currently employed as a Clinical Supervisor with a local Drug Treatment Court. I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and have helped many clients with past trauma, addiction and comorbid mental health diagnoses. I approach all of my clients
(757) 798-8406 View (757) 798-8406
Dr. Andreea Sofalvi
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC, EMDRIA, AASECT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You deserve a space where your full self is seen and honored — where trauma isn’t minimized, and where pleasure, identity, and healing can coexist. I’m a trauma and sex therapist offering individual therapy for those navigating complex histories, identities, and desires. Whether you’re unlearning shame, healing from harm, exploring your queerness, or reclaiming your body and boundaries — you are welcome here. My work is grounded in radical empathy, body-based healing, and the deep belief that we are not broken — we are becoming.
You deserve a space where your full self is seen and honored — where trauma isn’t minimized, and where pleasure, identity, and healing can coexist. I’m a trauma and sex therapist offering individual therapy for those navigating complex histories, identities, and desires. Whether you’re unlearning shame, healing from harm, exploring your queerness, or reclaiming your body and boundaries — you are welcome here. My work is grounded in radical empathy, body-based healing, and the deep belief that we are not broken — we are becoming.
(571) 556-3072 View (571) 556-3072
Photo of Clervett Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor
Clervett Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor
Online Only
At Release Wellness, we offer flexible VIP telehealth sessions — early-morning or late-night appointments. We believe growth starts with feeling seen, safe, and supported. Our team of licensed therapists provides trauma-informed, evidence-based therapy for individuals, couples, and families across Virginia. Whether you’re managing anxiety, healing from the past, or rebuilding connection in your relationships, we’ll match you with a therapist who fits your goals and schedule. With flexible telehealth options and compassionate care, we help you release the weight of what’s been holding you back — and step into lasting wellness.
At Release Wellness, we offer flexible VIP telehealth sessions — early-morning or late-night appointments. We believe growth starts with feeling seen, safe, and supported. Our team of licensed therapists provides trauma-informed, evidence-based therapy for individuals, couples, and families across Virginia. Whether you’re managing anxiety, healing from the past, or rebuilding connection in your relationships, we’ll match you with a therapist who fits your goals and schedule. With flexible telehealth options and compassionate care, we help you release the weight of what’s been holding you back — and step into lasting wellness.
(757) 859-8827 View (757) 859-8827
Photo of Shonna Pope, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Shonna Pope
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you tired and overwhelmed with a situation in your life? Do you wake up in the mornings wondering how you got to this place? Sometimes we get stuck in life and can't find our way out or don't know how to create change. Whether you're struggling with a relationship issue, a divorce, remarriage with step children, a loss, a work issue or simply wanting to learn more about yourself, I will join you on your journey to feeling more content and happier in your life.
Are you tired and overwhelmed with a situation in your life? Do you wake up in the mornings wondering how you got to this place? Sometimes we get stuck in life and can't find our way out or don't know how to create change. Whether you're struggling with a relationship issue, a divorce, remarriage with step children, a loss, a work issue or simply wanting to learn more about yourself, I will join you on your journey to feeling more content and happier in your life.
(703) 468-8359 View (703) 468-8359

See more therapy options for Paeonian Springs

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Paeonian Springs, VA

10+

Average cost per session

$162

Therapists in Paeonian Springs, VA who prioritize treating:

83% Self Esteem
83% Stress
75% Relationship Issues
75% Depression
75% Anxiety
75% Trauma and PTSD
58% Divorce

Average years in practice

23 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Optum
63% Aetna

How Therapists in Paeonian Springs, VA see their clients

83% Online Only
17% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Paeonian Springs?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.