Therapists in Orange, VA

Photo of Barbara Ann Gaddy - Monarch Journey Counseling Services LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, COSTP, RPT-S, CSAC, ACS
Monarch Journey Counseling Services LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, COSTP, RPT-S, CSAC, ACS
2 Endorsed
Orange, VA 22960
Monarch Journey Counseling LLC is located at 146 Byrd Street Orange, Va. Hours are by appointment. We look forward to meeting you!
Monarch Journey Counseling LLC is located at 146 Byrd Street Orange, Va. Hours are by appointment. We look forward to meeting you!
(540) 360-1739 View (540) 360-1739
Photo of Sarah Andrus, RN, CST , BA
Sarah Andrus
Verified Verified
Orange, VA 22960
Providing trauma sensitive care as a Registered Nurse specialising in somatic therapies for a better sense of wholeness and integration of body, mind and soul. I am an Upledger trained Craniosacral Therapy and Somato-Emotional Release practitioner who hopes to provide a safe container for understanding each client’s unique needs via body awareness, the emotional/physical relationship of stored trauma and memory, as well as release limiting beliefs to foster direction, clarity and purpose in life.
Providing trauma sensitive care as a Registered Nurse specialising in somatic therapies for a better sense of wholeness and integration of body, mind and soul. I am an Upledger trained Craniosacral Therapy and Somato-Emotional Release practitioner who hopes to provide a safe container for understanding each client’s unique needs via body awareness, the emotional/physical relationship of stored trauma and memory, as well as release limiting beliefs to foster direction, clarity and purpose in life.
(434) 686-7871 View (434) 686-7871
Photo of Tabitha Woodson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Tabitha Woodson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Orange, VA 22960
I am passionate about working with clients who are sick and tired of being stuck! No more going through the motions; it is time to do the hard work to discover what you have inside of you. I do believe that some of the suffering experienced in life oftentimes results from faulty thinking which eventually leads to unwanted emotions and behaviors. Some experiences can wound the soul leaving us feeling powerless and confused. As a fellow veteran, I am uniquely equipped to work with veterans, understanding firsthand the challenges and experiences of the military lifestyle. I served 16 years in the United States Navy!
I am passionate about working with clients who are sick and tired of being stuck! No more going through the motions; it is time to do the hard work to discover what you have inside of you. I do believe that some of the suffering experienced in life oftentimes results from faulty thinking which eventually leads to unwanted emotions and behaviors. Some experiences can wound the soul leaving us feeling powerless and confused. As a fellow veteran, I am uniquely equipped to work with veterans, understanding firsthand the challenges and experiences of the military lifestyle. I served 16 years in the United States Navy!
(540) 503-4065 View (540) 503-4065
Photo of Elysia Oudemans-Tilley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, LICSW, LCSW
Elysia Oudemans-Tilley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, LICSW, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I work with women who feel unfulfilled and lost in their roles, overwhelmed by work, family, and relationships. They’re anxious, exhausted, and disconnected, longing for clarity and a way to reconnect with their true selves and dreams. I also help couples who still care for each other but feel emotionally distant, stuck in cycles of conflict, and wanting to rebuild trust, emotional intimacy, and communication. Many clients carry the weight of trauma or complexities around adoption, which impacts how they relate to themselves and others.
I work with women who feel unfulfilled and lost in their roles, overwhelmed by work, family, and relationships. They’re anxious, exhausted, and disconnected, longing for clarity and a way to reconnect with their true selves and dreams. I also help couples who still care for each other but feel emotionally distant, stuck in cycles of conflict, and wanting to rebuild trust, emotional intimacy, and communication. Many clients carry the weight of trauma or complexities around adoption, which impacts how they relate to themselves and others.
(410) 936-6616 View (410) 936-6616
Photo of Rachel Doane, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rachel Doane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
We would probably all like to be living our best life but many of us can’t quite figure out how to make that happen. Maybe we find ourselves stuck in unhealthy patterns of communicating and we don't know how to change. We might have personal goals we are trying to reach but just can seem to make them happen. Perhaps we have trauma that we need to resolve that has left an impact on our day-to-day functioning. Maybe we are looking for connection with others but continue feeling disconnected and unfulfilled by our personal relationships. It is possible to experience satisfaction and fulfillment in our daily lives.
We would probably all like to be living our best life but many of us can’t quite figure out how to make that happen. Maybe we find ourselves stuck in unhealthy patterns of communicating and we don't know how to change. We might have personal goals we are trying to reach but just can seem to make them happen. Perhaps we have trauma that we need to resolve that has left an impact on our day-to-day functioning. Maybe we are looking for connection with others but continue feeling disconnected and unfulfilled by our personal relationships. It is possible to experience satisfaction and fulfillment in our daily lives.
(540) 792-4022 View (540) 792-4022
Photo of Palesa A. Osei-Tutu, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CCTP, LCSW
Palesa A. Osei-Tutu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CCTP, LCSW
Online Only
Hi, my name is Palesa Osei-Tutu and I'm a licensed clinical social worker. I am trauma specialist that works with caretakers, helpers, and those recovering from traumas both known and unknown. I also support men's mental health and people navigating life transitions and grief and loss. Events such as marriage, births, death, change in health, finances and divorce can bring up unexpected emotions that may be difficult to navigate. They sometimes trigger unresolved trauma or reawaken existing trauma. Historically, you have been able to recover with your supports and yourself, but there are times when you need a therapist like me.
Hi, my name is Palesa Osei-Tutu and I'm a licensed clinical social worker. I am trauma specialist that works with caretakers, helpers, and those recovering from traumas both known and unknown. I also support men's mental health and people navigating life transitions and grief and loss. Events such as marriage, births, death, change in health, finances and divorce can bring up unexpected emotions that may be difficult to navigate. They sometimes trigger unresolved trauma or reawaken existing trauma. Historically, you have been able to recover with your supports and yourself, but there are times when you need a therapist like me.
(703) 997-4589 View (703) 997-4589
Photo of Charlotte A. Schafer, Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MA
Charlotte A. Schafer
Licensed Professional Counselor, BS, MA
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you wish you knew better coping strategies for managing ADHD, anxiety, or depression? Are you feeling under the control of others and don’t know how to break free? Are you experiencing guilt, or sadness that doesn't go away? As a professional counselor I can help you find your way back to a more joyful, healthy life. As a caring professional I can teach you techniques that make these distresses lesson or even leave, and help you regain a more balanced perspective over your emotional issues. Are you looking for empowerment over emotional habiting? As a balanced Christian counselor I have answers, I would love to help you.
Do you wish you knew better coping strategies for managing ADHD, anxiety, or depression? Are you feeling under the control of others and don’t know how to break free? Are you experiencing guilt, or sadness that doesn't go away? As a professional counselor I can help you find your way back to a more joyful, healthy life. As a caring professional I can teach you techniques that make these distresses lesson or even leave, and help you regain a more balanced perspective over your emotional issues. Are you looking for empowerment over emotional habiting? As a balanced Christian counselor I have answers, I would love to help you.
(434) 595-3062 View (434) 595-3062
Photo of Amanda Findley - Hope Water Wellness, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Hope Water Wellness, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Many clients come feeling caught in the same weary cycles, carrying anxiety, sadness, or past hurts, and longing for support that helps real change feel possible. Amanda Findley, LCSW, has worked in the counseling field for over 25 years. She brings wisdom, compassion, lived experience, and thoughtful humor to create a safe, grounded space for reflection, healing, and meaningful change.
Many clients come feeling caught in the same weary cycles, carrying anxiety, sadness, or past hurts, and longing for support that helps real change feel possible. Amanda Findley, LCSW, has worked in the counseling field for over 25 years. She brings wisdom, compassion, lived experience, and thoughtful humor to create a safe, grounded space for reflection, healing, and meaningful change.
(540) 307-6062 View (540) 307-6062
Photo of Srishti Gogia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Srishti Gogia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you’ve ever felt like you had to make yourself smaller—more “together” or more acceptable—just to get by, I get it. I work with teens and young adults who are navigating big transitions, identity questions, family stress, or the pressure to have it all figured out. Many of my clients are neurodivergent or queer and have spent years feeling like outsiders.
If you’ve ever felt like you had to make yourself smaller—more “together” or more acceptable—just to get by, I get it. I work with teens and young adults who are navigating big transitions, identity questions, family stress, or the pressure to have it all figured out. Many of my clients are neurodivergent or queer and have spent years feeling like outsiders.
(434) 436-2036 View (434) 436-2036
Photo of Tabitha Taylor, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Tabitha Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
At Roots to Petals Wellness, I work with individuals who are healing from challenges related to trauma, anxiety, depression, sexual disorders, and LGBTQ-related concerns. I also focus on the first responder population, corrections personnel, and returning citizens who experience unique stresses. Additionally, I concentrate on people of color and minority populations who may feel unseen in mainstream mental health services.
At Roots to Petals Wellness, I work with individuals who are healing from challenges related to trauma, anxiety, depression, sexual disorders, and LGBTQ-related concerns. I also focus on the first responder population, corrections personnel, and returning citizens who experience unique stresses. Additionally, I concentrate on people of color and minority populations who may feel unseen in mainstream mental health services.
(804) 445-8138 View (804) 445-8138
Photo of Anne C Luckinbill - Seasons Counseling, PLLC , Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Seasons Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Serves Area
Greetings! I am Anne Luckinbill, owner of Seasons Counseling PLLC. Our team of caring therapists are skilled at assessing and diagnosing mental health concerns based on current struggles and earlier experiences. Your concerns about behavior, emotion, personality, and relationships will be treated using Emotionally Focused Therapy, CBT, and other therapeutic approaches. Trauma concerns will be addressed with an understanding that trauma impacts daily function and interactions. Likewise, early relationships and attachment patterns impact our current relationships. We serve children, adolescents, adults, families, and couples.
Greetings! I am Anne Luckinbill, owner of Seasons Counseling PLLC. Our team of caring therapists are skilled at assessing and diagnosing mental health concerns based on current struggles and earlier experiences. Your concerns about behavior, emotion, personality, and relationships will be treated using Emotionally Focused Therapy, CBT, and other therapeutic approaches. Trauma concerns will be addressed with an understanding that trauma impacts daily function and interactions. Likewise, early relationships and attachment patterns impact our current relationships. We serve children, adolescents, adults, families, and couples.
(540) 274-1010 View (540) 274-1010
Photo of Jessica Lane, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, RIC
Jessica Lane
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, RIC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
My name is Jessica, and I am a Resident in Counseling with Ivy Road Center for Psychotherapy and Mediation. I have a diverse background of working with a range of Clients, including adults, persons in college, adolescents/children, and couples. I can offer skills and support with anxiety/depression, guide college students through academic and personal stressors, or assist children in processing their emotions and experiences through play-therapy.
My name is Jessica, and I am a Resident in Counseling with Ivy Road Center for Psychotherapy and Mediation. I have a diverse background of working with a range of Clients, including adults, persons in college, adolescents/children, and couples. I can offer skills and support with anxiety/depression, guide college students through academic and personal stressors, or assist children in processing their emotions and experiences through play-therapy.
(434) 510-8663 View (434) 510-8663
Photo of Brittany Jenkins - Brittany M Jenkins, LPC, PLCC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Brittany M Jenkins, LPC, PLCC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi there! I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Culpeper, Virginia. I’m passionate about supporting teens and adults as they navigate ADHD, anxiety, personality disorders, life transitions, and the unique challenges of postpartum and perinatal periods. My goal is to create a safe, welcoming space where you feel heard, understood, and truly empowered to make the changes you want in your life. I take a warm, collaborative approach that is client-centered but also practical—I’m not just here to listen, but to help you develop real, effective tools for daily life.
Hi there! I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Culpeper, Virginia. I’m passionate about supporting teens and adults as they navigate ADHD, anxiety, personality disorders, life transitions, and the unique challenges of postpartum and perinatal periods. My goal is to create a safe, welcoming space where you feel heard, understood, and truly empowered to make the changes you want in your life. I take a warm, collaborative approach that is client-centered but also practical—I’m not just here to listen, but to help you develop real, effective tools for daily life.
(540) 253-1592 View (540) 253-1592
Photo of Chantal Racheau-Bryant, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Chantal Racheau-Bryant
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Serves Area
Sometimes we become overwhelmed by life and need to reach out to another for help, this takes bravery, and it’s important that you feel the person you reach out to is unbiased, safe with your privacy, is knowledgeable, and truly hears where you are. Over the last 15 years Chantal Racheau-Bryant, LPC has worked extensively with adults in crisis helping to guide them through darker moments of their lives until they are able to see the road ahead more clearly. Each person has their own unique journey and Chantal works to find a holistic approach to therapy that best fits your style and helps you on your journey.
Sometimes we become overwhelmed by life and need to reach out to another for help, this takes bravery, and it’s important that you feel the person you reach out to is unbiased, safe with your privacy, is knowledgeable, and truly hears where you are. Over the last 15 years Chantal Racheau-Bryant, LPC has worked extensively with adults in crisis helping to guide them through darker moments of their lives until they are able to see the road ahead more clearly. Each person has their own unique journey and Chantal works to find a holistic approach to therapy that best fits your style and helps you on your journey.
(540) 253-1473 View (540) 253-1473
Photo of Tara Elizabeth Higgins - Horse and Soul Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Horse and Soul Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck in old patterns that no longer serve you? You’re not alone—and you don’t have to face it alone. I offer a unique approach to healing that combines the power of traditional talk therapy with the calming, reflective experience of equine-assisted therapy. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, or life transitions, I provide a safe, compassionate space to help you reconnect with yourself and move forward with clarity and confidence.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck in old patterns that no longer serve you? You’re not alone—and you don’t have to face it alone. I offer a unique approach to healing that combines the power of traditional talk therapy with the calming, reflective experience of equine-assisted therapy. Whether you’re navigating anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, or life transitions, I provide a safe, compassionate space to help you reconnect with yourself and move forward with clarity and confidence.
(540) 212-6176 View (540) 212-6176

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Zae Palmer, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Zae Palmer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22903
Zae specializes in relationship therapy. This includes parenting, parent-child issues, sibling relationships, multigenerational family dynamics, lifespan transitions as well as ecological relations. Trained in systems theory and eco-therapy, they have a particular interest in childhood trauma, spiritual trauma, grief and loss, climate anxiety and distress, identity formation, consensual non-monogamy, and sexual health. They see problems as purposeful and creative adaptations to family, culture, and climate. Currently providing restorative nature-based therapy outdoors at McIntire & Riverview Park in Charlottesville, VA
Zae specializes in relationship therapy. This includes parenting, parent-child issues, sibling relationships, multigenerational family dynamics, lifespan transitions as well as ecological relations. Trained in systems theory and eco-therapy, they have a particular interest in childhood trauma, spiritual trauma, grief and loss, climate anxiety and distress, identity formation, consensual non-monogamy, and sexual health. They see problems as purposeful and creative adaptations to family, culture, and climate. Currently providing restorative nature-based therapy outdoors at McIntire & Riverview Park in Charlottesville, VA
(773) 825-2327 View (773) 825-2327
Photo of Joyce Camden, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LLC
Joyce Camden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LLC
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22902
I have provided Counseling Services in our Charlottesville community. I work with a variety of individuals, presenting problems, and life span issues. From adolescence to later life years; there are circumstances and predispositions which offer incredible challenges in life. I have training in many forms of techniques and approaches. I offer services including Cognitive Behavioral Techniques, Dream Analysis ,Mindfulness practices, Guided Imagery in Music, Mediation, Coaching & Career Development, Self-Exploration & Expanding Definition practices. My intention and role as a Therapist is to use my training and experience to help my Clients manifest a better life experience.
I have provided Counseling Services in our Charlottesville community. I work with a variety of individuals, presenting problems, and life span issues. From adolescence to later life years; there are circumstances and predispositions which offer incredible challenges in life. I have training in many forms of techniques and approaches. I offer services including Cognitive Behavioral Techniques, Dream Analysis ,Mindfulness practices, Guided Imagery in Music, Mediation, Coaching & Career Development, Self-Exploration & Expanding Definition practices. My intention and role as a Therapist is to use my training and experience to help my Clients manifest a better life experience.
(434) 923-8300 View (434) 923-8300
Photo of Megan Osburn, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Megan Osburn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Online Only
My ideal client is someone who is wanting to take a deeper look at their own reflection. Have you ever seen a movie or television show with an insensitive therapist and thought: Is this what therapy is supposed to look like? I can tell you therapy with me will not look like the disinterested professional depicted on television. My therapy style is built on the keystone of rapport building. I value our time together and respect boundaries as we work collaboratively to navigate some of life’s hardships.
My ideal client is someone who is wanting to take a deeper look at their own reflection. Have you ever seen a movie or television show with an insensitive therapist and thought: Is this what therapy is supposed to look like? I can tell you therapy with me will not look like the disinterested professional depicted on television. My therapy style is built on the keystone of rapport building. I value our time together and respect boundaries as we work collaboratively to navigate some of life’s hardships.
(434) 204-4413 View (434) 204-4413
Photo of Allison Splaun, Psychologist, PhD
Allison Splaun
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22902
Finding a therapist who you feel comfortable with and supported by is key to any successful therapy. I work to develop a strong, trusting relationship with every client and design a treatment that is tailored to your needs. I enjoy working with a wide range of people struggling with many different issues, including relationship problems, anxiety, depression, grief, reactions to trauma, and gender identity development, among other challenges.
Finding a therapist who you feel comfortable with and supported by is key to any successful therapy. I work to develop a strong, trusting relationship with every client and design a treatment that is tailored to your needs. I enjoy working with a wide range of people struggling with many different issues, including relationship problems, anxiety, depression, grief, reactions to trauma, and gender identity development, among other challenges.
(434) 270-8235 View (434) 270-8235
Photo of Everett Uhl, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PMH-C
Everett Uhl
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PMH-C
4 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a therapist who does more than just nod and say "mmm hmm." So, are we going to talk about feelings? Sure. And, I believe in a no bullshit approach to therapy. I will hold you accountable to create the change you want to see in your life. That change could be coping skills for anxiety, evidence-based treatment for intimacy challenges, or trauma work to alleviate depression symptoms. I bring body scans, breathing exercises, and humor to every session. Individual sessions are 60 minutes. Couples sessions are 75-90 minutes.
I am a therapist who does more than just nod and say "mmm hmm." So, are we going to talk about feelings? Sure. And, I believe in a no bullshit approach to therapy. I will hold you accountable to create the change you want to see in your life. That change could be coping skills for anxiety, evidence-based treatment for intimacy challenges, or trauma work to alleviate depression symptoms. I bring body scans, breathing exercises, and humor to every session. Individual sessions are 60 minutes. Couples sessions are 75-90 minutes.
(984) 217-2506 View (984) 217-2506

See more therapy options for Orange

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Orange, VA

10+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Orange, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
80% Trauma and PTSD
73% Relationship Issues
73% Stress
60% Self Esteem
60% Women's Issues

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Anthem
73% BlueCross and BlueShield
64% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Orange, VA see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Orange?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.