Therapists in Manassas Park, VA

Photo of Lea Hamill, Resident in Counseling, MSEd
Lea Hamill
Resident in Counseling, MSEd
Verified Verified
Manassas Park, VA 20111
Hello! My name is Lea Hamill, and I am a Resident Counselor in Mental Health Counseling. I am very passionate about this field and am excited to work with you to accomplish your mental health goals. My approach is client centered, meaning we will work together in all aspects to create the best process possible for you. My professional experience includes working with individuals who are neurodiverse (ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder), individuals seeking trauma recovery, individuals with Anxiety, individuals with Depression, and children and teens with ODD.
Hello! My name is Lea Hamill, and I am a Resident Counselor in Mental Health Counseling. I am very passionate about this field and am excited to work with you to accomplish your mental health goals. My approach is client centered, meaning we will work together in all aspects to create the best process possible for you. My professional experience includes working with individuals who are neurodiverse (ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder), individuals seeking trauma recovery, individuals with Anxiety, individuals with Depression, and children and teens with ODD.
(571) 418-8978 View (571) 418-8978
Photo of Andrew Morton, Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, RIC
Andrew Morton
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, RIC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manassas Park, VA 20111
I am a Resident in Counseling approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling working towards becoming a Licensed Professional Counselor. After a twenty-one-year military career I now serve as both a mental health therapist and advocate - committed to mental health initiatives and access across all populations. No matter the origin or circumstances- trauma, transitions, and the everyday challenges within our lives can be debilitating- keeping us from achieving the fulfilling lives we deserve.
I am a Resident in Counseling approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling working towards becoming a Licensed Professional Counselor. After a twenty-one-year military career I now serve as both a mental health therapist and advocate - committed to mental health initiatives and access across all populations. No matter the origin or circumstances- trauma, transitions, and the everyday challenges within our lives can be debilitating- keeping us from achieving the fulfilling lives we deserve.
(571) 556-9759 View (571) 556-9759
Photo of Eugenia Stokes, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Eugenia Stokes
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Manassas Park, VA 20111
I am a Resident in Counseling approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling working towards my licensure. I graduated with my Masters' degree in Community Counseling from Regent University. I have previously worked with children, adolescents, teens, young adults, and adults. Additionally, I have a passion for working with couples and families. I have worked with individuals experiencing ADHD, anxiety, behavioral issues, depression, life transitions, marital and relationship issues, suicidal ideation, and trauma.
I am a Resident in Counseling approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling working towards my licensure. I graduated with my Masters' degree in Community Counseling from Regent University. I have previously worked with children, adolescents, teens, young adults, and adults. Additionally, I have a passion for working with couples and families. I have worked with individuals experiencing ADHD, anxiety, behavioral issues, depression, life transitions, marital and relationship issues, suicidal ideation, and trauma.
(571) 556-3636 View (571) 556-3636
Photo of Jewel Lumaure Wigglesworth, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jewel Lumaure Wigglesworth
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Manassas Park, VA 20111
Hello, and thank you for coming to my page. I'm currently a Clinical Mental Health Intern at Brookside Family Therapy, specializing in CBT, DBT, Multicultural Counseling, and Motivational Interviewing. With a bachelor’s in criminal justice and years of experience working with at-risk youth, I blend evidence-based techniques with a deep understanding of diverse populations. I'm Dedicated to fostering resilience and transformation. I empower my clients to navigate life’s challenges with confidence, growth, and healing. My mission is to bridge mental health and criminal justice, creating lasting change in the lives I touch.
Hello, and thank you for coming to my page. I'm currently a Clinical Mental Health Intern at Brookside Family Therapy, specializing in CBT, DBT, Multicultural Counseling, and Motivational Interviewing. With a bachelor’s in criminal justice and years of experience working with at-risk youth, I blend evidence-based techniques with a deep understanding of diverse populations. I'm Dedicated to fostering resilience and transformation. I empower my clients to navigate life’s challenges with confidence, growth, and healing. My mission is to bridge mental health and criminal justice, creating lasting change in the lives I touch.
(571) 605-2565 View (571) 605-2565
Photo of Raychelle Santos, Pre-Licensed Professional
Raychelle Santos
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Manassas Park, VA 20111
I am a current graduate student excited to work with all types of clients with different backgrounds. I am looking forward to working with you to help you reach your goals because I have learned that it is about you and what you want and not anyone else's goal (myself included).
I am a current graduate student excited to work with all types of clients with different backgrounds. I am looking forward to working with you to help you reach your goals because I have learned that it is about you and what you want and not anyone else's goal (myself included).
(571) 596-6515 View (571) 596-6515
Photo of Barbara Stephenson, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Barbara Stephenson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Manassas Park, VA 20111
I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families to help provide healthy coping skills and effective communication. I have experience working with individuals dealing with adjustment issues, anxiety, self-esteem issues, depression, couples and family relational issues, and behavioral problems in adolescents. It is important that I collaborate with each client to help identify and understand their challenges and tailor my therapeutic approach to meet the client’s specific needs and treatment goals.
I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families to help provide healthy coping skills and effective communication. I have experience working with individuals dealing with adjustment issues, anxiety, self-esteem issues, depression, couples and family relational issues, and behavioral problems in adolescents. It is important that I collaborate with each client to help identify and understand their challenges and tailor my therapeutic approach to meet the client’s specific needs and treatment goals.
(571) 364-7554 View (571) 364-7554
Photo of Sara Ayasso, Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, NCC, LPC
Sara Ayasso
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Manassas Park, VA 20111
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling. I am board certified by the National Board of Certified Counselors and I currently work under the supervision of MaryAnn Byrne, LPC. I have worked in a variety of settings: communities, schools, residential and outpatient sites and have experience working with diverse clients including adults, children, families, couples, and refugees. I am passionate about helping individuals cultivate their mental health by giving them a holistic plan enabling them to confront and nourish their life mentally, physically, and spiritually.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling. I am board certified by the National Board of Certified Counselors and I currently work under the supervision of MaryAnn Byrne, LPC. I have worked in a variety of settings: communities, schools, residential and outpatient sites and have experience working with diverse clients including adults, children, families, couples, and refugees. I am passionate about helping individuals cultivate their mental health by giving them a holistic plan enabling them to confront and nourish their life mentally, physically, and spiritually.
(571) 621-7443 View (571) 621-7443
Photo of Denise Whetstone, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Denise Whetstone
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Manassas Park, VA 20111
I am a Resident in Counseling, approved by the VA Board of Counseling, working towards licensure. I earned my Master’s in Counseling from Wake Forest University. I have previously worked at a community counseling center on a military base servicing active-duty military, veterans and their dependents, in addition to working in outpatient private practice. My experience includes working with adults, adolescents, and couples to provide individual, couples, and group therapy services. I have a special passion for working with individuals identifying as BIPOC and other marginalized communities.
I am a Resident in Counseling, approved by the VA Board of Counseling, working towards licensure. I earned my Master’s in Counseling from Wake Forest University. I have previously worked at a community counseling center on a military base servicing active-duty military, veterans and their dependents, in addition to working in outpatient private practice. My experience includes working with adults, adolescents, and couples to provide individual, couples, and group therapy services. I have a special passion for working with individuals identifying as BIPOC and other marginalized communities.
(571) 497-4620 View (571) 497-4620
Photo of Teressa Bowman, Counselor, LPC, PsyD, ACS
Teressa Bowman
Counselor, LPC, PsyD, ACS
Not Verified Not Verified
Online Only
Thank you for prioritizing your health. At this time I am only accepting clients for Video sessions and Telehealth with availability on Tuesdays, Thursday or Friday . There is no need to wait for a return phone call. You have the option of scheduling an appointment today and viewing my schedule by using this link below. Copy and paste the link into your browser to schedule your first appointment and complete initial paperwork. https://visionhopeandhealing.clientsecure.me
Thank you for prioritizing your health. At this time I am only accepting clients for Video sessions and Telehealth with availability on Tuesdays, Thursday or Friday . There is no need to wait for a return phone call. You have the option of scheduling an appointment today and viewing my schedule by using this link below. Copy and paste the link into your browser to schedule your first appointment and complete initial paperwork. https://visionhopeandhealing.clientsecure.me
(571) 336-0876 View (571) 336-0876
Photo of Kyle Atkins, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, RIC
Kyle Atkins
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, RIC
Verified Verified
Manassas Park, VA 20111
Kyle is Resident in Counseling approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling working towards becoming a Licensed Professional Counselor. He graduated from Liberty University with his Masters in Clinical Mental Health. Kyle has experience working with teens, college students, older adults, and families who have experienced workplace trauma, adjustment problems, divorce, eating disorders, relationship issues, depression, and anxiety.
Kyle is Resident in Counseling approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling working towards becoming a Licensed Professional Counselor. He graduated from Liberty University with his Masters in Clinical Mental Health. Kyle has experience working with teens, college students, older adults, and families who have experienced workplace trauma, adjustment problems, divorce, eating disorders, relationship issues, depression, and anxiety.
(571) 202-7972 View (571) 202-7972
Photo of Karen David, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Karen David
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manassas Park, VA 20111
Karen is a Licensed Professional Counselor approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling. She is also a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP). Karen obtained her Master’s in Counseling and Development from George Mason University. She has experience working with children, adolescents, teens, and adults who have experienced trauma, grief, sexual abuse, domestic violence, anxiety, depression, as well as relationship and life adjustments concerns. Karen is passionate about meeting clients wherever they are on their life journey and helping them process the challenges they are facing.
Karen is a Licensed Professional Counselor approved by the Virginia Board of Counseling. She is also a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP). Karen obtained her Master’s in Counseling and Development from George Mason University. She has experience working with children, adolescents, teens, and adults who have experienced trauma, grief, sexual abuse, domestic violence, anxiety, depression, as well as relationship and life adjustments concerns. Karen is passionate about meeting clients wherever they are on their life journey and helping them process the challenges they are facing.
(571) 450-9283 View (571) 450-9283
Photo of Mohammad Baig, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Mohammad Baig
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Ilead with a passion for mental health advocacy and delivering transformative care. Serving as the Clinic Director, I oversee all clinical operations, ensuring a standard of excellence in providing evidence-based therapies and comprehensive mental health evaluations. My work is guided by a holistic, client-centered approach, tailored to address each individual’s unique needs.
Ilead with a passion for mental health advocacy and delivering transformative care. Serving as the Clinic Director, I oversee all clinical operations, ensuring a standard of excellence in providing evidence-based therapies and comprehensive mental health evaluations. My work is guided by a holistic, client-centered approach, tailored to address each individual’s unique needs.
(571) 540-8848 View (571) 540-8848
Photo of Toni Morato, Resident in Counseling, CMHC-R, MS
Toni Morato
Resident in Counseling, CMHC-R, MS
Verified Verified
Manassas Park, VA 20111
We all struggle, but not everyone has a judgment-free, safe space to be vulnerable; a place to explore and process private thoughts and feelings. Are you going through life with mental heath and emotional troubles, do you suffer silently and alone because you don’t have support or you're too ashamed to “bother” anyone? Are you having problems adjusting to life changes, suffering from anxiety and/ or depression, have unresolved trauma, have relationship issues, or simply have a desire for growth & change? Let me work with you, it's okay to ask for the help. I will hold a safe space for you.
We all struggle, but not everyone has a judgment-free, safe space to be vulnerable; a place to explore and process private thoughts and feelings. Are you going through life with mental heath and emotional troubles, do you suffer silently and alone because you don’t have support or you're too ashamed to “bother” anyone? Are you having problems adjusting to life changes, suffering from anxiety and/ or depression, have unresolved trauma, have relationship issues, or simply have a desire for growth & change? Let me work with you, it's okay to ask for the help. I will hold a safe space for you.
(540) 453-7149 View (540) 453-7149
Photo of Kelly Austin - Brookside Family Therapy, LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, Clinic, Super
Brookside Family Therapy, LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, Clinic, Super
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Manassas Park, VA 20111
Are you struggling with decision overload? Feeling overwhelmed just getting through the day? Do you have concerns your family and friends might be tired of hearing about? Kelly and the therapy dogs are great at creating a calm and welcoming atmosphere where you can feel safe sharing whatever is on your mind. Together, we can help you make plans to move forward in your life in a satisfying way. Each of us goes through many changes as individuals, as part of a relationship and perhaps a family. Sometimes we need help navigating those changes and making sure they are healthy. Sometimes we need help!
Are you struggling with decision overload? Feeling overwhelmed just getting through the day? Do you have concerns your family and friends might be tired of hearing about? Kelly and the therapy dogs are great at creating a calm and welcoming atmosphere where you can feel safe sharing whatever is on your mind. Together, we can help you make plans to move forward in your life in a satisfying way. Each of us goes through many changes as individuals, as part of a relationship and perhaps a family. Sometimes we need help navigating those changes and making sure they are healthy. Sometimes we need help!
(571) 620-5748 View (571) 620-5748
Photo of Deshia Holmes, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Deshia Holmes
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
Manassas Park, VA 20111
Complacency is not always a good thing, sometimes you must be uncomfortable to be successful. We as humans need help from neutral parties to help us understand things that have been passed down generation to generation, to process the unspoken, the unknown, and many other difficult conversations we don’t want to have with people that know us. I have an interest in women issues, generational issues, families, couples, social justice, and I am sex/kink positive.
Complacency is not always a good thing, sometimes you must be uncomfortable to be successful. We as humans need help from neutral parties to help us understand things that have been passed down generation to generation, to process the unspoken, the unknown, and many other difficult conversations we don’t want to have with people that know us. I have an interest in women issues, generational issues, families, couples, social justice, and I am sex/kink positive.
(571) 200-5284 View (571) 200-5284
Photo of Megan Schiaffo, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Megan Schiaffo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I work with clients on a wide range of issues, including (but not limited to) ADHD symptom management, anxiety disorders, interpersonal relationship issues, communication and assertiveness skills, attachment styles, self-esteem issues, phase of life issues, grief, and various other mental health concerns.
I work with clients on a wide range of issues, including (but not limited to) ADHD symptom management, anxiety disorders, interpersonal relationship issues, communication and assertiveness skills, attachment styles, self-esteem issues, phase of life issues, grief, and various other mental health concerns.
(571) 520-9177 View (571) 520-9177
Photo of Deirdra Brinkman, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CYMHS
Deirdra Brinkman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CYMHS
Verified Verified
Online Only
Life can be stressful and overwhelming. You've taken the first step, which is the hardest! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in VA with over 25 years experience. I have worked with various populations and have a diverse background, including people with trauma, crisis, depression, grief, ADHD, anxiety and relationship issues. A bit about my approach to therapy. I embrace a positive and holistic approach to therapy. I believe that finding balance in your life is important. This starts with improved self esteem and self care. I prefer a person centered approach, meaning you are in charge . We go at your speed.
Life can be stressful and overwhelming. You've taken the first step, which is the hardest! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in VA with over 25 years experience. I have worked with various populations and have a diverse background, including people with trauma, crisis, depression, grief, ADHD, anxiety and relationship issues. A bit about my approach to therapy. I embrace a positive and holistic approach to therapy. I believe that finding balance in your life is important. This starts with improved self esteem and self care. I prefer a person centered approach, meaning you are in charge . We go at your speed.
(757) 267-9685 View (757) 267-9685
Photo of Brooks Gale, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brooks Gale
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Life can be complex. There are times when a person feels stuck. Sometimes we desire to turn to someone who can help us. I would like to be able to help you on your journey. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a background in inpatient behavioral health, outpatient substance abuse, and outpatient therapy. I have experience treating PTSD, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and other related diagnoses. I have specialized training in treating anxiety disorders and OCD. My main focus is working with adults over the age of 18 on an individual basis.
Life can be complex. There are times when a person feels stuck. Sometimes we desire to turn to someone who can help us. I would like to be able to help you on your journey. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a background in inpatient behavioral health, outpatient substance abuse, and outpatient therapy. I have experience treating PTSD, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and other related diagnoses. I have specialized training in treating anxiety disorders and OCD. My main focus is working with adults over the age of 18 on an individual basis.
(540) 679-7451 View (540) 679-7451
Photo of Elizabeth B Fraser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Elizabeth B Fraser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Elizabeth B. Fraser (“Betsy”) obtained her Master’s Degree in Social Work at George Mason University. Betsy believes in partnering with her clients to identify their own potential abilities and strengths in resolving their mental health concerns; to help them recognize their mental health challenges, and work to achieve their goals. Betsy is invested in an approach emphasizing an integrative, dynamic, and holistic approach to mental health, in her belief that there is no one aspect of an individual’s life which cannot be improved upon in the search for increasing mental health well-being.
Elizabeth B. Fraser (“Betsy”) obtained her Master’s Degree in Social Work at George Mason University. Betsy believes in partnering with her clients to identify their own potential abilities and strengths in resolving their mental health concerns; to help them recognize their mental health challenges, and work to achieve their goals. Betsy is invested in an approach emphasizing an integrative, dynamic, and holistic approach to mental health, in her belief that there is no one aspect of an individual’s life which cannot be improved upon in the search for increasing mental health well-being.
(571) 568-7514 View (571) 568-7514
Photo of Dr. Michael Grey - Immigration Psychological Evaluations- Dr. Grey, Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Immigration Psychological Evaluations- Dr. Grey
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Navigating the immigration process can feel overwhelming. You’re left feeling anxious, confused, and scared that the only home you’ve ever known could be taken from you. You search for answers—and that’s where I come in. An Immigration Psychological Evaluation can provide critical support for your case. This could be the key factor in keeping your family together rather than torn apart. Whether you're seeking asylum, facing hardship, applying for a waiver, or proving the emotional impact of separation, I take the time to provide a comprehensive evaluation. You don’t have to do this alone.
Navigating the immigration process can feel overwhelming. You’re left feeling anxious, confused, and scared that the only home you’ve ever known could be taken from you. You search for answers—and that’s where I come in. An Immigration Psychological Evaluation can provide critical support for your case. This could be the key factor in keeping your family together rather than torn apart. Whether you're seeking asylum, facing hardship, applying for a waiver, or proving the emotional impact of separation, I take the time to provide a comprehensive evaluation. You don’t have to do this alone.
(571) 626-4347 View (571) 626-4347
1

See more therapy options for Manassas Park

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Manassas Park, VA

30+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Manassas Park, VA who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
76% Depression
70% Stress
67% Coping Skills
67% Life Transitions
61% Self Esteem
58% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% Cigna and Evernorth
87% Aetna
84% Anthem

How Therapists in Manassas Park, VA see their clients

52% In Person and Online
48% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
22% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Manassas Park?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.