Therapists in Loudoun County, VA

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Photo of Dawn Van Berkel, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Dawn Van Berkel
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
3 Endorsed
Leesburg, VA 20176
Greeting life’s changes head on with curiosity, is what I’m here to help you do! Get ready to embrace your evolution and reignite your power, as well as address and heal what’s slowing you down. That’s the exciting part of this journey, because, contrary to what societal norms and even social media tells you, yes, our middle years are full of change, but you’re not broken, nor do you have to suffer. Let’s face it, going through life’s transitions (perimenopause and menopause, divorce, empty nest syndrome, and the list goes on) is not for wimps, and not just because of the physical changes.
Greeting life’s changes head on with curiosity, is what I’m here to help you do! Get ready to embrace your evolution and reignite your power, as well as address and heal what’s slowing you down. That’s the exciting part of this journey, because, contrary to what societal norms and even social media tells you, yes, our middle years are full of change, but you’re not broken, nor do you have to suffer. Let’s face it, going through life’s transitions (perimenopause and menopause, divorce, empty nest syndrome, and the list goes on) is not for wimps, and not just because of the physical changes.
(703) 215-1338 View (703) 215-1338
Photo of Anah Sinkfield, Pre-Licensed Professional
Anah Sinkfield
Pre-Licensed Professional
Leesburg, VA 20176
Opening up to someone can be hard, and telling your life story to a stranger can be even harder. But you’ve come this far, and that is worth applauding yourself for. As you can see, my name is Anah, and as a clinical intern I am passionate about helping people navigate life’s challenges. Whether you’re facing issues related to identity, anxiety, depression, or discrimination, I am committed to creating a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can be heard and understood. I feel led to be a listening ear and a voice for the unheard, ensuring that every individual has the support and validation they deserve.
Opening up to someone can be hard, and telling your life story to a stranger can be even harder. But you’ve come this far, and that is worth applauding yourself for. As you can see, my name is Anah, and as a clinical intern I am passionate about helping people navigate life’s challenges. Whether you’re facing issues related to identity, anxiety, depression, or discrimination, I am committed to creating a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can be heard and understood. I feel led to be a listening ear and a voice for the unheard, ensuring that every individual has the support and validation they deserve.
(571) 540-8760 View (571) 540-8760
Photo of Michael Arthur, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MPhil
Michael Arthur
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MPhil
Sterling, VA 20164
Acceptance leads to solutions but denial leads to confusion. My name is Michael Arthur. I am a therapist and a teacher who combines Cognitive Behavior Therapy with Spirituality to support my patients. I have been working with diverse groups, children and adults who experience Mental Health illnesses, deal with substance abuse problems and those with developmental disabilities using empirically supported treatments and evidence-based practices for over 12 years now. I help achieve patients’ goals by using empathy, cultural-responsiveness, and person-centeredness among other things.
Acceptance leads to solutions but denial leads to confusion. My name is Michael Arthur. I am a therapist and a teacher who combines Cognitive Behavior Therapy with Spirituality to support my patients. I have been working with diverse groups, children and adults who experience Mental Health illnesses, deal with substance abuse problems and those with developmental disabilities using empirically supported treatments and evidence-based practices for over 12 years now. I help achieve patients’ goals by using empathy, cultural-responsiveness, and person-centeredness among other things.
(571) 339-3098 View (571) 339-3098
Photo of Ryan Carboneau, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Ryan Carboneau
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Ashburn, VA 20148
As a PhD and Licensed Professional Counselor, I specialize in trauma, relationship issues, couples counseling, sexual problems, and addictions including pornography, and sexual addictions. I work with adults and teens to provide a safe and incredibly compassionate counseling environment to help people tell their stories. I will work with you to help rebuild your life and get you back to who you want to be.
As a PhD and Licensed Professional Counselor, I specialize in trauma, relationship issues, couples counseling, sexual problems, and addictions including pornography, and sexual addictions. I work with adults and teens to provide a safe and incredibly compassionate counseling environment to help people tell their stories. I will work with you to help rebuild your life and get you back to who you want to be.
(540) 521-1017 View (540) 521-1017
Photo of Devon Viar, Resident in Counseling, MA
Devon Viar
Resident in Counseling, MA
3 Endorsed
Purcellville, VA 20132
Devon is passionate about helping kids heal, thrive, and become the best version of themselves. With an integrative approach, Devon incorporates different counseling theories and uses games, drawing, music, and other creative outlets in sessions. With years of experience providing care for children, Devon is well-versed in all ages, stages, and challenges from early childhood through adolescence. Whether a child is struggling with behavioral issues, emotional regulation, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, social skills, or adjustment issues, Devon can help.
Devon is passionate about helping kids heal, thrive, and become the best version of themselves. With an integrative approach, Devon incorporates different counseling theories and uses games, drawing, music, and other creative outlets in sessions. With years of experience providing care for children, Devon is well-versed in all ages, stages, and challenges from early childhood through adolescence. Whether a child is struggling with behavioral issues, emotional regulation, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, social skills, or adjustment issues, Devon can help.
(540) 515-5795 View (540) 515-5795
Photo of Janae Jackson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Janae Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Licensed Clinical Social Worker with clinical experience across a variety of settings, including Intensive In-Home (IIH), Therapeutic Day Treatment (TDT), crisis intervention, school-based, community-based, and military and family lifestyle counseling. I have experience working with the military population, adults, children, adolescents, couples, and families.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker with clinical experience across a variety of settings, including Intensive In-Home (IIH), Therapeutic Day Treatment (TDT), crisis intervention, school-based, community-based, and military and family lifestyle counseling. I have experience working with the military population, adults, children, adolescents, couples, and families.
(804) 657-4377 View (804) 657-4377
Photo of Ron Belotti, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Ron Belotti
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Sterling, VA 20165
Finding a meaningful relationship can be difficult, and so can maintaining one! Both can lead to anxiety, hopelessness, heartbreak, trust issues, and compromised self-esteem. Relationships and dating can be a hectic and messy process, despite technological advances and seemingly endless advice. We live in a world with so many options, and even with the best intentions, sometimes we need help. Whether it's incompatibility, betrayal, or the numerous other challenges that arise, just know you're not alone. I'm here to work with you and provide support on your journey of healing, self-discovery, and authentic living.
Finding a meaningful relationship can be difficult, and so can maintaining one! Both can lead to anxiety, hopelessness, heartbreak, trust issues, and compromised self-esteem. Relationships and dating can be a hectic and messy process, despite technological advances and seemingly endless advice. We live in a world with so many options, and even with the best intentions, sometimes we need help. Whether it's incompatibility, betrayal, or the numerous other challenges that arise, just know you're not alone. I'm here to work with you and provide support on your journey of healing, self-discovery, and authentic living.
(571) 364-0305 View (571) 364-0305
Photo of Faith Brown, Resident in Counseling, MA
Faith Brown
Resident in Counseling, MA
1 Endorsed
Ashburn, VA 20147
Hi, I’m Faith Brown. I'm passionate about helping adolescents and adults navigate challenges related to anxiety and depression. My approach is strengths-based, focusing on helping clients rebuild confidence, resilience, and a sense of personal freedom. I love incorporating expressive arts and wilderness therapy into sessions when it aligns with a client’s preferences and goals.
Hi, I’m Faith Brown. I'm passionate about helping adolescents and adults navigate challenges related to anxiety and depression. My approach is strengths-based, focusing on helping clients rebuild confidence, resilience, and a sense of personal freedom. I love incorporating expressive arts and wilderness therapy into sessions when it aligns with a client’s preferences and goals.
(571) 240-5482 View (571) 240-5482
Photo of Jordan Barnes, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Jordan Barnes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Leesburg, VA 20176
Waitlist for new clients
Our emotions can feel overwhelming and difficult to work through sometimes. Many people find it challenging to sit with these emotions and understand them. If this sounds familiar, I may be a good fit for you. Together, we can explore harmful thought patterns, challenge negative beliefs & self-talk, and learn effective techniques to manage emotional dysregulation. I can help you learn how to set healthy boundaries, build coping skills, and have a better understanding of the way our brains process adverse experiences.
Our emotions can feel overwhelming and difficult to work through sometimes. Many people find it challenging to sit with these emotions and understand them. If this sounds familiar, I may be a good fit for you. Together, we can explore harmful thought patterns, challenge negative beliefs & self-talk, and learn effective techniques to manage emotional dysregulation. I can help you learn how to set healthy boundaries, build coping skills, and have a better understanding of the way our brains process adverse experiences.
(571) 200-5443 View (571) 200-5443
Photo of Tina Curran-Taylor, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Tina Curran-Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Hello, my name is Tina Curran-Taylor, LPC. My favorite areas of practice include trauma, addictions, depression and anxiety including all the nuanced behaviors that can present within these categories. Many people have the misconception that you must dig relentlessly into the past to release the pain or the limiting beliefs and though the past informs our current approach to life, we only want to explore as much as it takes to release the chains.
Hello, my name is Tina Curran-Taylor, LPC. My favorite areas of practice include trauma, addictions, depression and anxiety including all the nuanced behaviors that can present within these categories. Many people have the misconception that you must dig relentlessly into the past to release the pain or the limiting beliefs and though the past informs our current approach to life, we only want to explore as much as it takes to release the chains.
(703) 940-9859 View (703) 940-9859
Photo of Meghan Wilmoth Walker, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
Meghan Wilmoth Walker
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
1 Endorsed
Leesburg, VA 20175
Not accepting new clients
*****Now also offering online psychotherapy services!***** Have you experienced a big change? Are you have having trouble coping with a loss of a job, a relationship, or a loved one? Is there a conflict or issue that you just can't seem to resolve on your own? Well, you have made a courageous first step by seeking help. My goal is to provide a space for you to identify your strengths, share your hopes and fears, and process your emotions. I take an individualized approach to therapy, using techniques and theories from a number of approaches to help you adjust and grow through your unique experiences.
*****Now also offering online psychotherapy services!***** Have you experienced a big change? Are you have having trouble coping with a loss of a job, a relationship, or a loved one? Is there a conflict or issue that you just can't seem to resolve on your own? Well, you have made a courageous first step by seeking help. My goal is to provide a space for you to identify your strengths, share your hopes and fears, and process your emotions. I take an individualized approach to therapy, using techniques and theories from a number of approaches to help you adjust and grow through your unique experiences.
(703) 972-1745 View (703) 972-1745
Photo of Rana McCallum, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LMHC, LPC
Rana McCallum
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LMHC, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Book with me now by clicking on my website. With over a decade of experience in mental health counseling, I have a passion for supporting individuals as they navigate the complexities of life. My approach is warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental, creating a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and goals. From anxiety and depression to trauma recovery and relationship issues, I specialize in a wide range of areas to meet your unique needs. Together, we'll uncover your strengths, develop coping strategies, and cultivate resilience for lasting positive change.
Book with me now by clicking on my website. With over a decade of experience in mental health counseling, I have a passion for supporting individuals as they navigate the complexities of life. My approach is warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental, creating a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and goals. From anxiety and depression to trauma recovery and relationship issues, I specialize in a wide range of areas to meet your unique needs. Together, we'll uncover your strengths, develop coping strategies, and cultivate resilience for lasting positive change.
(571) 576-6660 View (571) 576-6660
Photo of Robyn Resh Davinic, Psychologist, PhD
Robyn Resh Davinic
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
If you are seeking to make some positive changes in your life or what to better understand how to cope with your current and past stressors, therapy can assist you. I work hard to get to know my clients and assist them in feeling heard and accepted. I encourage clients to tell me why they want to participate in therapy and what expectations they have for our time together. In sessions, I work to enable clients to identify or name their emotions, to determine what life experiences have caused them stress or trauma, and to understand what negative thoughts are contributing to their distress.
If you are seeking to make some positive changes in your life or what to better understand how to cope with your current and past stressors, therapy can assist you. I work hard to get to know my clients and assist them in feeling heard and accepted. I encourage clients to tell me why they want to participate in therapy and what expectations they have for our time together. In sessions, I work to enable clients to identify or name their emotions, to determine what life experiences have caused them stress or trauma, and to understand what negative thoughts are contributing to their distress.
(703) 570-1357 View (703) 570-1357
Photo of Kristen L Birkland, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Kristen L Birkland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Leesburg, VA 20176
I believe in the power of having strong, healthy relationships. I work to help you strengthen those relationships by creating a safe, collaborative environment in which to experience and explore change. I believe that we all have strengths and work to highlight and build on those strengths. I currently see couples and individual adults . Issues that present themselves in my office include relationship struggles around infidelity, poor communication, conflict, blended family, parenting, depression and anxiety.
I believe in the power of having strong, healthy relationships. I work to help you strengthen those relationships by creating a safe, collaborative environment in which to experience and explore change. I believe that we all have strengths and work to highlight and build on those strengths. I currently see couples and individual adults . Issues that present themselves in my office include relationship struggles around infidelity, poor communication, conflict, blended family, parenting, depression and anxiety.
(703) 468-8015 View (703) 468-8015
Photo of Melanie Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Melanie Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Stone Ridge, VA 20105
Life is a journey and sometimes it can be hard. I am here to listen and provide a safe and supportive environment for individuals going through challenging phases of life. I use an integrative and holistic approach to help clients create positive change that will lead to long -term well-being. Through a personal experience with chronic illness, I have learned the importance of working on the whole self to ultimately reach your desired potential in life. I am a Lyme literate treatment provider and help clients navigate the challenges that come along with this diagnosis.
Life is a journey and sometimes it can be hard. I am here to listen and provide a safe and supportive environment for individuals going through challenging phases of life. I use an integrative and holistic approach to help clients create positive change that will lead to long -term well-being. Through a personal experience with chronic illness, I have learned the importance of working on the whole self to ultimately reach your desired potential in life. I am a Lyme literate treatment provider and help clients navigate the challenges that come along with this diagnosis.
(571) 506-6517 View (571) 506-6517
Photo of Brittany Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Brittany Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
My name is Brittany Williams. I am an LPC in Virginia and I mostly use cognitive-behavioral therapy. I enjoy working with a wide range of people of all ages and conditions from kids to teenagers to adults to older adults, who are experiencing anything from depression to anxiety to life changes such as grief and loss or anything in between! I look forward to working with you! I have worked with clients of all ages but enjoy mostly working with kids and teenagers. I feel like they have a lot going on in life that is very difficult to navigate and can have a lot of depression and anxiety on top of everything else.
My name is Brittany Williams. I am an LPC in Virginia and I mostly use cognitive-behavioral therapy. I enjoy working with a wide range of people of all ages and conditions from kids to teenagers to adults to older adults, who are experiencing anything from depression to anxiety to life changes such as grief and loss or anything in between! I look forward to working with you! I have worked with clients of all ages but enjoy mostly working with kids and teenagers. I feel like they have a lot going on in life that is very difficult to navigate and can have a lot of depression and anxiety on top of everything else.
(571) 630-3533 View (571) 630-3533
Photo of Vincent Terreri, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CT, LPC
Vincent Terreri
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CT, LPC
Leesburg, VA 20175
Waitlist for new clients
Counseling is a journey towards integration. I'm here to help you overcome anxiety or depression, traumas of any kind, or if you are simply looking for someone to listen to you and provide a non-judgmental and accepting place for you to process life's experiences. I profoundly believe that you do not enter therapy "broken" or that clients need to be "fixed". By learning self-compassion and acceptance, most of our struggles can be understood as manifestations or behaviors that follow from wounds or traumas. The journey is about healing and transformation, rather than getting over something.
Counseling is a journey towards integration. I'm here to help you overcome anxiety or depression, traumas of any kind, or if you are simply looking for someone to listen to you and provide a non-judgmental and accepting place for you to process life's experiences. I profoundly believe that you do not enter therapy "broken" or that clients need to be "fixed". By learning self-compassion and acceptance, most of our struggles can be understood as manifestations or behaviors that follow from wounds or traumas. The journey is about healing and transformation, rather than getting over something.
(833) 498-0581 View (833) 498-0581
Photo of Ellina Creary, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Ellina Creary
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
1 Endorsed
Lansdowne, VA 20176
I provide therapy for teens and adults dealing with eating disorders, depression, anxiety, trauma, and EMDR. If you feel like you are white-knuckling your way through life, you don't need more willpower- you need support that will help you build emotional and mental tools to handle life’s challenges. Are you pretending everything is alright, but you are falling apart inside? You are probably noticing how this is affecting all areas of your life, your health, and your relationships suffer. You may be wondering if life can be any different. If you feel like you can’t get away from feelings of anxiety, guilt, and shame-there is hope.
I provide therapy for teens and adults dealing with eating disorders, depression, anxiety, trauma, and EMDR. If you feel like you are white-knuckling your way through life, you don't need more willpower- you need support that will help you build emotional and mental tools to handle life’s challenges. Are you pretending everything is alright, but you are falling apart inside? You are probably noticing how this is affecting all areas of your life, your health, and your relationships suffer. You may be wondering if life can be any different. If you feel like you can’t get away from feelings of anxiety, guilt, and shame-there is hope.
(540) 583-4091 View (540) 583-4091
Photo of Minnie Gardner, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Minnie Gardner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
As a therapist, my approach is integrative and tailored to the unique needs of each individual. The core focus is on building a strong therapeutic relationship, fostering self-awareness, and developing practical coping strategies to manage life's challenges. The overall goal is to empower individuals to gain insight, develop healthier thinking patterns, and enhance their coping skills, fostering a fulfilling and balanced life.
As a therapist, my approach is integrative and tailored to the unique needs of each individual. The core focus is on building a strong therapeutic relationship, fostering self-awareness, and developing practical coping strategies to manage life's challenges. The overall goal is to empower individuals to gain insight, develop healthier thinking patterns, and enhance their coping skills, fostering a fulfilling and balanced life.
(571) 688-5607 View (571) 688-5607
Photo of Becky Spencer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Becky Spencer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
If you are struggling with marital and/or family issues, alcoholism, depression, anxiety, stress, and/or end of life issues, please know there is hope and healing for you. You may have a teen that is challenged emotionally or socially, and would rather see a clinician through telehealth, I'm available in the afternoons and evenings too. I am using Telehealth, which gives you more flexibility with your schedule. It is a safe, comfortable way to get help. I have over 25 years of varying experience in the Social Work profession. I have been a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia since 1996.
If you are struggling with marital and/or family issues, alcoholism, depression, anxiety, stress, and/or end of life issues, please know there is hope and healing for you. You may have a teen that is challenged emotionally or socially, and would rather see a clinician through telehealth, I'm available in the afternoons and evenings too. I am using Telehealth, which gives you more flexibility with your schedule. It is a safe, comfortable way to get help. I have over 25 years of varying experience in the Social Work profession. I have been a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia since 1996.
(540) 329-2394 View (540) 329-2394

See more therapy options for Loudoun County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Loudoun County, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$152

Therapists in Loudoun County, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
66% Relationship Issues
66% Self Esteem
65% Trauma and PTSD
65% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% BlueCross and BlueShield
74% Aetna
70% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Loudoun County, VA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
14% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Loudoun County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.