Therapists in Colonial Beach, VA

Photo of Jenelle McLeod, Pre-Licensed Professional, LGPC
Jenelle McLeod
Pre-Licensed Professional, LGPC
Online Only
I have a desire to work with youth and adult clients experiencing life changes, anxiety, depression, or PTSD. Children have a special place in my heart. In the schools and as a therapist, I've facilitated many psychoeducational and therapeutic groups on topics of making friends, dealing with family separation, self-esteem, and expressive arts. If group counseling interests you and may support your health and healing, join us in a dynamic experience!
I have a desire to work with youth and adult clients experiencing life changes, anxiety, depression, or PTSD. Children have a special place in my heart. In the schools and as a therapist, I've facilitated many psychoeducational and therapeutic groups on topics of making friends, dealing with family separation, self-esteem, and expressive arts. If group counseling interests you and may support your health and healing, join us in a dynamic experience!
(804) 594-9502 View (804) 594-9502
Photo of Yolanda Lane, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Yolanda Lane
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Today's families are under a lot of pressure. Relationships are strained, work is stressful, and school is overwhelming. Trauma, depression, and anxiety can immobilize the best of us. Without help, it's difficult to find the balance.
Today's families are under a lot of pressure. Relationships are strained, work is stressful, and school is overwhelming. Trauma, depression, and anxiety can immobilize the best of us. Without help, it's difficult to find the balance.
(540) 288-4802 View (540) 288-4802

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Naomie Joseph-Nieto, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Naomie Joseph-Nieto
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you desire a safe, secure, and nonjudgmental space to share your story and be heard? Allow me the opportunity to help create that space with you. I look at the world around me and see the need for better. I see a need for those who are struggling from challenges and circumstances to be treated with dignity and respect. It is my belief that no one should be left to carry their burdens alone or feel trapped inside their own minds. I am here to let you know that you are not alone and you are far more than the sum of your struggles, challenges, or circumstances.
Do you desire a safe, secure, and nonjudgmental space to share your story and be heard? Allow me the opportunity to help create that space with you. I look at the world around me and see the need for better. I see a need for those who are struggling from challenges and circumstances to be treated with dignity and respect. It is my belief that no one should be left to carry their burdens alone or feel trapped inside their own minds. I am here to let you know that you are not alone and you are far more than the sum of your struggles, challenges, or circumstances.
(757) 210-6396 View (757) 210-6396
Photo of Kristin Baynard, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Kristin Baynard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Do you feel like your mood depends on how someone texts you back or shows up for you? Maybe you find yourself overanalyzing every interaction, fearing distance, or holding on tightly even when something feels off. You might lose yourself trying to keep the connection, leaving you anxious, insecure, and emotionally exhausted. Where did you learn that love feels this way? What would it be like to feel like to trust yourself, speak up without guilt, and feel chosen instead of chasing connection? That shift is possible!
Do you feel like your mood depends on how someone texts you back or shows up for you? Maybe you find yourself overanalyzing every interaction, fearing distance, or holding on tightly even when something feels off. You might lose yourself trying to keep the connection, leaving you anxious, insecure, and emotionally exhausted. Where did you learn that love feels this way? What would it be like to feel like to trust yourself, speak up without guilt, and feel chosen instead of chasing connection? That shift is possible!
(302) 406-7442 View (302) 406-7442
Photo of Hemini Naik - Prince William Family Counseling, PsyD, LPC, LCSW
Prince William Family Counseling
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
One consistent aspect of life is it's evolving nature as well as positive and negative stress for participating individuals. Internal and external stress relating to change can be a barrier to progress to success. Prince William Family Counseling is a diverse organization committed to the assistance, education, support, advocacy, outreach, and welfare of clients and the community. Prince William Family Counseling provides theoretical and evidence based client centered and trauma informed assessments and treatment plans for clients 6+ with various diagnosis and severity individually, couple, family, and group settings.
One consistent aspect of life is it's evolving nature as well as positive and negative stress for participating individuals. Internal and external stress relating to change can be a barrier to progress to success. Prince William Family Counseling is a diverse organization committed to the assistance, education, support, advocacy, outreach, and welfare of clients and the community. Prince William Family Counseling provides theoretical and evidence based client centered and trauma informed assessments and treatment plans for clients 6+ with various diagnosis and severity individually, couple, family, and group settings.
(571) 520-3187 View (571) 520-3187
Photo of Saffire McCool-Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Saffire McCool-Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
My name is Saffire McCool-Smith, LCSW. I have had the privilege of working in the mental health field for over 10 years. I have two Bachelor's Degrees, one in psychology and one in law studies from Marquette University as well as a Masters Degree in Social Work from the University of South Carolina. I work/worked within several settings to include psychiatric hospitals, outpatient clinics, within the community and via virtual platforms. In each of these settings, my focus is always to provide individualized services to each and every client while providing an environment of warmth, mutual respect, trust, and understanding.
My name is Saffire McCool-Smith, LCSW. I have had the privilege of working in the mental health field for over 10 years. I have two Bachelor's Degrees, one in psychology and one in law studies from Marquette University as well as a Masters Degree in Social Work from the University of South Carolina. I work/worked within several settings to include psychiatric hospitals, outpatient clinics, within the community and via virtual platforms. In each of these settings, my focus is always to provide individualized services to each and every client while providing an environment of warmth, mutual respect, trust, and understanding.
(571) 604-6848 View (571) 604-6848
Photo of Sally Spangler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sally Spangler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Taking new clients in March 2026! Please navigate to my "website" to book a 15 minute consultation! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the Commonwealth of Virginia and completed my Master of Social Work at Virginia Commonwealth University and my Bachelor of Art in Anthropology at Hamline University in St. Paul, MN. With over 10 years of post-graduate experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families in clinical, school and medical settings along with more than 20 years of experience working with individuals and families, I am uniquely positioned to provide a holistic lens to healing.
Taking new clients in March 2026! Please navigate to my "website" to book a 15 minute consultation! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in the Commonwealth of Virginia and completed my Master of Social Work at Virginia Commonwealth University and my Bachelor of Art in Anthropology at Hamline University in St. Paul, MN. With over 10 years of post-graduate experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families in clinical, school and medical settings along with more than 20 years of experience working with individuals and families, I am uniquely positioned to provide a holistic lens to healing.
(540) 573-2494 View (540) 573-2494
Photo of Kaitlyn Dawson, Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Kaitlyn Dawson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Collaboration, acceptance, empathy and empowerment are my guiding principles as I assist my clients in overcoming challenges, fostering their strengths and achieving their goals. My therapeutic approach is rooted in respect for my clients’ unique identities and life experiences, and I strive to provide an emotionally supportive and non-judgmental environment.
Collaboration, acceptance, empathy and empowerment are my guiding principles as I assist my clients in overcoming challenges, fostering their strengths and achieving their goals. My therapeutic approach is rooted in respect for my clients’ unique identities and life experiences, and I strive to provide an emotionally supportive and non-judgmental environment.
(804) 552-5348 View (804) 552-5348
Photo of Chelsea Garcia, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCMHC
Chelsea Garcia
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCMHC
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Therapy is a collaborative journey, and I believe in walking alongside you as you navigate life’s challenges. I trust in human potential and empower clients to take an active, autonomous role in their growth. My approach is client-centered, non-judgmental, and rooted in empathy, providing a safe space for exploration and healing. I integrate Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solution-Focused Therapy to help you process emotions, gain clarity, and create meaningful change.
Therapy is a collaborative journey, and I believe in walking alongside you as you navigate life’s challenges. I trust in human potential and empower clients to take an active, autonomous role in their growth. My approach is client-centered, non-judgmental, and rooted in empathy, providing a safe space for exploration and healing. I integrate Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solution-Focused Therapy to help you process emotions, gain clarity, and create meaningful change.
(540) 346-3046 View (540) 346-3046
Photo of Carrie McDaniel - Carrie McDaniel, LPC, Individual & Couples Therapy, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Carrie McDaniel, LPC, Individual & Couples Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Fredericksburg, VA 22407
You may find yourself people-pleasing, withdrawing, overfunctioning, or longing for closeness, unsure how to truly let someone in. You may be experiencing anxiety that never settles, pain that lingers, or relationship patterns that keep repeating, no matter how hard you try to change them. These struggles aren't failures, but ways you learned to survive when connection felt uncertain, needs went unmet, or emotions felt too big to experience alone. The strategies that once protected you, or got you the crumbs of what you needed, may now leave you feeling stuck, exhausted, and far from the closeness, compassion, and calm you long for.
You may find yourself people-pleasing, withdrawing, overfunctioning, or longing for closeness, unsure how to truly let someone in. You may be experiencing anxiety that never settles, pain that lingers, or relationship patterns that keep repeating, no matter how hard you try to change them. These struggles aren't failures, but ways you learned to survive when connection felt uncertain, needs went unmet, or emotions felt too big to experience alone. The strategies that once protected you, or got you the crumbs of what you needed, may now leave you feeling stuck, exhausted, and far from the closeness, compassion, and calm you long for.
(703) 520-9294 View (703) 520-9294
Photo of Nichole Phillips, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nichole Phillips
Licensed Professional Counselor
Online Only
Hello, I'm Nichole. Feeling stuck? Sad? Angry? Confused? Alone? Tired of being tired? Need someone to hear YOU for a change? Come on - let's heal together! Whether you're struggling with depression, anxiety, childhood trauma/abuse, or just learning how to manage the mental and emotional stress of a post COVID-19 world, I focus on helping people learn how to heal the 'whole soul.' I specialize in working with individuals dealing with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, and those who feel 'stuck' by traumatic events such as sexual abuse or major loss from their past.
Hello, I'm Nichole. Feeling stuck? Sad? Angry? Confused? Alone? Tired of being tired? Need someone to hear YOU for a change? Come on - let's heal together! Whether you're struggling with depression, anxiety, childhood trauma/abuse, or just learning how to manage the mental and emotional stress of a post COVID-19 world, I focus on helping people learn how to heal the 'whole soul.' I specialize in working with individuals dealing with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, and those who feel 'stuck' by traumatic events such as sexual abuse or major loss from their past.
(703) 722-8371 View (703) 722-8371
Photo of Beverly Schneider Jones - Beverly Schneider Jones, Pastoral Counselor, MA, BCLC, BCPC, BCBC
Beverly Schneider Jones
Pastoral Counselor, MA, BCLC, BCPC, BCBC
Fredericksburg, VA 22406
As a Board Certified Christian Life Coach and Pastoral Counselor, my pastoral heart and experiences bring compassion and wisdom. Having lived in different countries, I understand varied cultures. I specialize in support for individuals, marriages, clergy, pre-marital, facing difficult life situations, spiritual formation, recovery and career choices. Studies show that having a sponsor to hold us accountable for our goals, career choices, job choices, recovery issues, relationship issues, ministry challenges, etc., brings greater success than trying to implement these goals on our own.
As a Board Certified Christian Life Coach and Pastoral Counselor, my pastoral heart and experiences bring compassion and wisdom. Having lived in different countries, I understand varied cultures. I specialize in support for individuals, marriages, clergy, pre-marital, facing difficult life situations, spiritual formation, recovery and career choices. Studies show that having a sponsor to hold us accountable for our goals, career choices, job choices, recovery issues, relationship issues, ministry challenges, etc., brings greater success than trying to implement these goals on our own.
(540) 329-2415 View (540) 329-2415
Photo of Joe Thomas Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Joe Thomas Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Fredericksburg, VA 22405
Joe is 1992 Graduate of Virginia Commonwealth University with a master's in social work and has been licensed in Virginia as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) since 1996. Joe has over two decades of experience as a therapist providing Individual and Couple Therapy.
Joe is 1992 Graduate of Virginia Commonwealth University with a master's in social work and has been licensed in Virginia as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) since 1996. Joe has over two decades of experience as a therapist providing Individual and Couple Therapy.
(540) 579-2417 View (540) 579-2417
Photo of Lauren Reckling, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC
Lauren Reckling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Hello! I'm Lauren, a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Substance Abuse Counselor. Whether you're seeking change, exploring your relationships and habits, or simply looking for a safe, nonjudgmental space to talk, I'm here to support you. My goal is to provide hope and healing as you navigate life's challenges. With a warm, empathetic, and collaborative approach, I ensure that every session offers a new skill, technique, or insight—so you leave with something tangible to support your growth. I genuinely enjoy getting to know people and their stories.
Hello! I'm Lauren, a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Substance Abuse Counselor. Whether you're seeking change, exploring your relationships and habits, or simply looking for a safe, nonjudgmental space to talk, I'm here to support you. My goal is to provide hope and healing as you navigate life's challenges. With a warm, empathetic, and collaborative approach, I ensure that every session offers a new skill, technique, or insight—so you leave with something tangible to support your growth. I genuinely enjoy getting to know people and their stories.
(571) 568-8750 View (571) 568-8750
Photo of Dr. Mariam Beshara, Psychologist, PsyD, LMHC, LPC
Dr. Mariam Beshara
Psychologist, PsyD, LMHC, LPC
Online Only
Your Well-Being Is in Good Hands! Have a particular life obstacle you’re trying to overcome? Sometimes, seeking help from a certified expert is the best way to put things into perspective. As a committed, professional Therapist and Clinical Psychologist, your well-being and mental strength is my number one priority. I'm happy to guide you through your life’s challenges with the attention and care you deserve.
Your Well-Being Is in Good Hands! Have a particular life obstacle you’re trying to overcome? Sometimes, seeking help from a certified expert is the best way to put things into perspective. As a committed, professional Therapist and Clinical Psychologist, your well-being and mental strength is my number one priority. I'm happy to guide you through your life’s challenges with the attention and care you deserve.
(571) 520-4047 View (571) 520-4047
Photo of Gabrelle Tripp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gabrelle Tripp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
Gabrelle has expertise in variety of clinical settings utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, and Structural Family Therapy. Gabrelle has a passion for helping adults, children, and families identify struggles, build coping skills, and build healthy relationships in the world around them. Gabrelle received her Master's in Social Work (2020) from Louisiana State University. Gabrelle is a caring, humorous, and spunky therapist with expertise in anxiety, depression, mood disorders, life changes, and relationships.
Gabrelle has expertise in variety of clinical settings utilizing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, and Structural Family Therapy. Gabrelle has a passion for helping adults, children, and families identify struggles, build coping skills, and build healthy relationships in the world around them. Gabrelle received her Master's in Social Work (2020) from Louisiana State University. Gabrelle is a caring, humorous, and spunky therapist with expertise in anxiety, depression, mood disorders, life changes, and relationships.
(757) 665-2197 View (757) 665-2197
Photo of Wendy Carannante, MS, EdS, NCSP, RPT
Wendy Carannante
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
For children and adolescents, I provide play therapy or counseling and parent consultations. Counseling helps children believe in themselves and find their inner strengths as well as build healthy thinking patterns, coping skills, and healthy behavioral habits. I support parents as well.
For children and adolescents, I provide play therapy or counseling and parent consultations. Counseling helps children believe in themselves and find their inner strengths as well as build healthy thinking patterns, coping skills, and healthy behavioral habits. I support parents as well.
(540) 592-4364 View (540) 592-4364
Photo of Lisa Ann Peralta - Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Fredericksburg, Licensed Professional Counselor
Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Fredericksburg
Licensed Professional Counselor
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(540) 696-5913 View (540) 696-5913
Photo of Gloria Mathis, Psychologist, PhD
Gloria Mathis
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
Dr. Mathis specializes in treating OCD, anxiety disorders, and Body Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs). She also works with individuals managing other areas of psychological difficulty, such as depression, stress management, sleep problems, and disruptive behavior. Dr. Mathis is trained in the Family Well-Being Approach for families of individuals who refuse treatment. She is also trained in SPACE, SPACE-FTL, and SPACE-ARFID. Each individual has different goals for treatment and Dr. Mathis focuses on collaboratively identifying goals to increase the client's quality of life in ways that matter to them.
Dr. Mathis specializes in treating OCD, anxiety disorders, and Body Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs). She also works with individuals managing other areas of psychological difficulty, such as depression, stress management, sleep problems, and disruptive behavior. Dr. Mathis is trained in the Family Well-Being Approach for families of individuals who refuse treatment. She is also trained in SPACE, SPACE-FTL, and SPACE-ARFID. Each individual has different goals for treatment and Dr. Mathis focuses on collaboratively identifying goals to increase the client's quality of life in ways that matter to them.
(410) 834-4889 View (410) 834-4889
Photo of Kimberly Lord, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kimberly Lord
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi, I’m Kimberly, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I work with adults who are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or burned out and are ready for things to feel different. Life can start to feel heavy when you’re constantly pushing through stress without the space to process it. In therapy, I provide a calm, supportive place where you can slow down, make sense of what you’re experiencing, and begin to move forward with more clarity and confidence. Starting therapy can feel like a big step, but you don’t have to figure it out alone. Whenever you’re ready, I’m here to support you.
Hi, I’m Kimberly, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I work with adults who are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or burned out and are ready for things to feel different. Life can start to feel heavy when you’re constantly pushing through stress without the space to process it. In therapy, I provide a calm, supportive place where you can slow down, make sense of what you’re experiencing, and begin to move forward with more clarity and confidence. Starting therapy can feel like a big step, but you don’t have to figure it out alone. Whenever you’re ready, I’m here to support you.
(601) 685-4227 View (601) 685-4227

See more therapy options for Colonial Beach

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Colonial Beach, VA

< 10

Therapists in Colonial Beach, VA who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Parenting
100% Women's Issues
100% Stress
100% Marriage Counseling
100% Social Anxiety

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth
100% Anthem

How Therapists in Colonial Beach, VA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Colonial Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.