Therapists in Valley View, OH

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Photo of Robyn C Hill, Counselor in Valley View, OH
Robyn C Hill
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Cleveland, OH 44105  (Online Only)
When is it time to seek counseling? Well, for each person it is different. This is because everyone has their own breaking point - a point where stress or trauma becomes so overwhelming that it becomes harder to engage in normal everyday activities. If your stress is interfering with your sleep, parenting, or work then it is probably a good time to get assistance to work through the issues. I offer a safe and confidential environment to address these issues and find practical solutions in order for you to gain emotional relief.
When is it time to seek counseling? Well, for each person it is different. This is because everyone has their own breaking point - a point where stress or trauma becomes so overwhelming that it becomes harder to engage in normal everyday activities. If your stress is interfering with your sleep, parenting, or work then it is probably a good time to get assistance to work through the issues. I offer a safe and confidential environment to address these issues and find practical solutions in order for you to gain emotional relief.
(330) 765-0238 View (330) 765-0238
Photo of Jerilyn D Rogers, Licensed Professional Counselor in Valley View, OH
Jerilyn D Rogers
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-CR, LICDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Independence, OH 44131
As a therapist and Licensed Professional Counselor, I have spent more than 15 years assisting individuals with overcoming life challenges. My purpose is to inspire and support changes that lead to fulfillment and self-empowerment. Together we will work on emotional and mental health issues for an improved sense of well‐being, to alleviate feelings of distress and to resolve crises.
As a therapist and Licensed Professional Counselor, I have spent more than 15 years assisting individuals with overcoming life challenges. My purpose is to inspire and support changes that lead to fulfillment and self-empowerment. Together we will work on emotional and mental health issues for an improved sense of well‐being, to alleviate feelings of distress and to resolve crises.
(216) 446-6989 View (216) 446-6989
Photo of Jacalyn M. Yurick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley View, OH
Jacalyn M. Yurick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Independence, OH 44131  (Online Only)
It is often difficult to reach out for help in times of need. My goal is to make each of my clients feel comfortable and know that there is hope for the future. I would love to be a part of your journey to accomplishing your goals and overcoming hardships in life. I graduated from the University of Akron with a Masters in Social work and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker in the state of Ohio. I have experience working in outpatient, residential, inpatient, and telehealth settings, where I have specialized in treating individuals with depression, anxiety, PTSD, bereavement and substance use disorders.
It is often difficult to reach out for help in times of need. My goal is to make each of my clients feel comfortable and know that there is hope for the future. I would love to be a part of your journey to accomplishing your goals and overcoming hardships in life. I graduated from the University of Akron with a Masters in Social work and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker in the state of Ohio. I have experience working in outpatient, residential, inpatient, and telehealth settings, where I have specialized in treating individuals with depression, anxiety, PTSD, bereavement and substance use disorders.
(216) 284-4847 View (216) 284-4847
Photo of Allison Schmoldt, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Valley View, OH
Allison Schmoldt
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, ATR
Verified Verified
Independence, OH 44131
Allison Schmoldt is a summa cum laude graduate of Lake Erie College, where she earned her undergraduate degree in psychology, and Ursuline College, where she received her master's degree in art therapy and counseling. She also participated in an honors study abroad program at Oxford University in England. Her 10 years of experience as a counselor includes experiential learning with horses, school-based counseling and art therapy.
Allison Schmoldt is a summa cum laude graduate of Lake Erie College, where she earned her undergraduate degree in psychology, and Ursuline College, where she received her master's degree in art therapy and counseling. She also participated in an honors study abroad program at Oxford University in England. Her 10 years of experience as a counselor includes experiential learning with horses, school-based counseling and art therapy.
(440) 762-6134 View (440) 762-6134
Photo of Paul Culbertson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Valley View, OH
Paul Culbertson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, OH 44125  (Online Only)
I treat: Anxiety, Depression, Trauma (with or without PTSD), ADHD, and Autism (does not need to be previously diagnosed). My method is to analyze connections which typically stem back to one’s family of origin, which can lead to poor self-regard. Together, we work to identify patterns and tendencies, as well as where they came from. I’ve seen people change for the better. We are looking for results, realizations, epiphanies, and for you to break free from the cycle of unhappiness and self-loathing. www.PaulCulbertson.com
I treat: Anxiety, Depression, Trauma (with or without PTSD), ADHD, and Autism (does not need to be previously diagnosed). My method is to analyze connections which typically stem back to one’s family of origin, which can lead to poor self-regard. Together, we work to identify patterns and tendencies, as well as where they came from. I’ve seen people change for the better. We are looking for results, realizations, epiphanies, and for you to break free from the cycle of unhappiness and self-loathing. www.PaulCulbertson.com
(234) 217-5494 View (234) 217-5494
Photo of Tracy Dawn- Tree Of Life Therapy in Valley View, OH
Tracy Dawn- Tree Of Life Therapy
MSW, LISW, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Cleveland, OH 44105  (Online Only)
Whether you are looking for help with goal setting or would like an informed perspective because you are feeling stuck,I can help. ​ Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, chronic fatigue, relationship issues, anger, addictions, and self-esteem issues? Positive change and happiness are possible!  I am accepting Ohio patients. I am currently accepting Anthem or Medicaid, as well as self-pay.
Whether you are looking for help with goal setting or would like an informed perspective because you are feeling stuck,I can help. ​ Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, chronic fatigue, relationship issues, anger, addictions, and self-esteem issues? Positive change and happiness are possible!  I am accepting Ohio patients. I am currently accepting Anthem or Medicaid, as well as self-pay.
(330) 449-4306 View (330) 449-4306
Photo of Desiree Paschal, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Valley View, OH
Desiree Paschal
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Independence, OH 44131
Desiree Paschal is a licensed professional clinical counselor, who has been practicing since 2012. She graduated from the University of Akron with a degree in clinical mental health counseling. Desiree believes in cognitive behavioral and dialectical behavior therapy approaches. The goals of these therapies is to make a positive change in life. Both therapies center on learning and practicing skills to utilize on the journey toward mental wellness. Desiree's areas of focus includes bipolar disorder, depression, and chronic illness. In her spare time, Desiree's hobbies are reading and playing strategic board games.
Desiree Paschal is a licensed professional clinical counselor, who has been practicing since 2012. She graduated from the University of Akron with a degree in clinical mental health counseling. Desiree believes in cognitive behavioral and dialectical behavior therapy approaches. The goals of these therapies is to make a positive change in life. Both therapies center on learning and practicing skills to utilize on the journey toward mental wellness. Desiree's areas of focus includes bipolar disorder, depression, and chronic illness. In her spare time, Desiree's hobbies are reading and playing strategic board games.
(216) 284-4487 View (216) 284-4487
Photo of Benita K. Chernyk, Psychologist in Valley View, OH
Benita K. Chernyk
Psychologist, PhD, CEAP, LICDCCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Independence, OH 44131
As a seasoned clinical psychologist, I treat adults with depression, relationship issues, anxiety disorders, ADHD, sexuality/gender issues, substance use and other problems. I have trained in multiple evidence-based treatment methods and am practical and direct. I enjoy working with couples and appreciate diversity. I was born and raised in Los Angeles but have lived and worked in Ohio for over thirty years. I am collaborative, prefer to avoid psycho-babble and have a reputation for being able to ask tough questions and confront difficult issues.
As a seasoned clinical psychologist, I treat adults with depression, relationship issues, anxiety disorders, ADHD, sexuality/gender issues, substance use and other problems. I have trained in multiple evidence-based treatment methods and am practical and direct. I enjoy working with couples and appreciate diversity. I was born and raised in Los Angeles but have lived and worked in Ohio for over thirty years. I am collaborative, prefer to avoid psycho-babble and have a reputation for being able to ask tough questions and confront difficult issues.
(216) 350-0534 View (216) 350-0534
Photo of Nicholette Leanza, Counselor in Valley View, OH
Nicholette Leanza
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Independence, OH 44131
Nicholette Leanza is a clinical counselor who possesses several years of experience working with adolescents and adults in a variety of treatment settings. She is a group facilitator for the intensive outpatient program (IOP) and her specializations include trauma, LGBTQ+, ADHD and overall positive mental health and wellbeing. Nicholette believes in a treatment philosophy that encompasses a wholistic and eclectic approach to care and her treatment methods include cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) and psychodynamic therapy.
Nicholette Leanza is a clinical counselor who possesses several years of experience working with adolescents and adults in a variety of treatment settings. She is a group facilitator for the intensive outpatient program (IOP) and her specializations include trauma, LGBTQ+, ADHD and overall positive mental health and wellbeing. Nicholette believes in a treatment philosophy that encompasses a wholistic and eclectic approach to care and her treatment methods include cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) and psychodynamic therapy.
(216) 859-4793 View (216) 859-4793
Photo of Marcia Joan Bremenour Lpcc-S Inc. Be Well Cleveland, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Valley View, OH
Marcia Joan Bremenour Lpcc-S Inc. Be Well Cleveland
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Independence, OH 44131
Waitlist for new clients
Anxiety in particular can be powerful and confusing, especially when so much in the world is beyond our control. When the things we do in response to stress, grief, loss, and trauma become harmful, the light at the end of the tunnel becomes more distant. I believe in the power of every person to find the strength and ability to move through life’s challenges, and the value of recognizing what is ours to control and what is not. I encourage being careful, not fearful, and I will work with you to establish hope and faith in yourself and the world, while navigating the nuances of various mood and emotional issues.
Anxiety in particular can be powerful and confusing, especially when so much in the world is beyond our control. When the things we do in response to stress, grief, loss, and trauma become harmful, the light at the end of the tunnel becomes more distant. I believe in the power of every person to find the strength and ability to move through life’s challenges, and the value of recognizing what is ours to control and what is not. I encourage being careful, not fearful, and I will work with you to establish hope and faith in yourself and the world, while navigating the nuances of various mood and emotional issues.
(216) 290-0718 View (216) 290-0718
Affiliates in Behavioral Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, OH 44131
Affiliates in Behavioral Health, LLC is an independent, multi-disciplinary and culturally diverse behavioral health care practice providing evaluation and treatment of emotional, behavioral and psychiatric problems. We firmly believe in providing coordinated care where specially trained therapists and medical doctors work together, within the same office, to help patients feel better as quickly as possible. Our experienced and licensed clinicians provide quality services to children, teens, adults and seniors for a wide variety of problems including relationship and family issues, depression, anxiety, fear, loss/grief, anger, mood swings, eating disorders, chemical dependency, and difficulties in school or at work.
Affiliates in Behavioral Health, LLC is an independent, multi-disciplinary and culturally diverse behavioral health care practice providing evaluation and treatment of emotional, behavioral and psychiatric problems. We firmly believe in providing coordinated care where specially trained therapists and medical doctors work together, within the same office, to help patients feel better as quickly as possible. Our experienced and licensed clinicians provide quality services to children, teens, adults and seniors for a wide variety of problems including relationship and family issues, depression, anxiety, fear, loss/grief, anger, mood swings, eating disorders, chemical dependency, and difficulties in school or at work.
(216) 772-0078 View (216) 772-0078
Photo of Kaplan Consulting & Counseling, Inc., Psychologist in Valley View, OH
Kaplan Consulting & Counseling, Inc.
Psychologist, PhD, BCFE, DABPS
Verified Verified
Independence, OH 44131
We specialize in serving professionals and executives, and provide services for children, adolescents, adults, seniors, couples and families.Our services are provided by caring, highly experienced professionals, who only use approaches and techniques that are scientifically proven to be effective. Our services are specifically tailored to meet each individual's needs and concerns. We do not prescribe medication, but if medication is necessary, we are able to provide coordinated care and have established relationships with local medical professionals and psychiatrists for this purpose.
We specialize in serving professionals and executives, and provide services for children, adolescents, adults, seniors, couples and families.Our services are provided by caring, highly experienced professionals, who only use approaches and techniques that are scientifically proven to be effective. Our services are specifically tailored to meet each individual's needs and concerns. We do not prescribe medication, but if medication is necessary, we are able to provide coordinated care and have established relationships with local medical professionals and psychiatrists for this purpose.
(216) 438-2927 View (216) 438-2927
Photo of Randie Shane, IMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Valley View, OH
Randie Shane, IMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, IMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, OH 44105
You make sense. I know it doesn't always feel that way; it often feels like no one understands why you do what you do, sometimes even including you. It's a lonely and disheartening feeling. I create a safe and judgment-free space for individuals and couples to discover, make sense of, and shift out of what is driving the stuckness. Together we will break patterns and heal parts of yourself you lost contact with along the way.
You make sense. I know it doesn't always feel that way; it often feels like no one understands why you do what you do, sometimes even including you. It's a lonely and disheartening feeling. I create a safe and judgment-free space for individuals and couples to discover, make sense of, and shift out of what is driving the stuckness. Together we will break patterns and heal parts of yourself you lost contact with along the way.
(646) 798-4048 View (646) 798-4048
Photo of Anthony W McWilliams, Licensed Social Worker in Valley View, OH
Anthony W McWilliams
Licensed Social Worker, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Independence, OH 44131
I have experience working with adolescents, young adults, and adult men and women. Each person carries a ton of pressure from internal and external forces. Why go down that road alone? I am here to be a helper in your journey. The goal is to help you be the person you want to be. My primary focus is mood disorders, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Overall, we shall look to assist you in becoming emotionally and mentally sound.
I have experience working with adolescents, young adults, and adult men and women. Each person carries a ton of pressure from internal and external forces. Why go down that road alone? I am here to be a helper in your journey. The goal is to help you be the person you want to be. My primary focus is mood disorders, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Overall, we shall look to assist you in becoming emotionally and mentally sound.
(216) 282-3733 View (216) 282-3733
Photo of Danielle Holman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley View, OH
Danielle Holman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Independence, OH 44131
*Accepting New Clients!* Everyone wants to be a better version of themselves at some point in life. Life throws us curves and it is how we navigate them is what can help us to grow as individuals. I enjoy working with adults and young adults 18+ who want to work on their mental health. I have had the privilege of working with the elderly population in Alzheimer's and dementia care in various hospital systems. I also enjoy working with adults that are seeking a listening ear, a compassionate heart, and no judgment.
*Accepting New Clients!* Everyone wants to be a better version of themselves at some point in life. Life throws us curves and it is how we navigate them is what can help us to grow as individuals. I enjoy working with adults and young adults 18+ who want to work on their mental health. I have had the privilege of working with the elderly population in Alzheimer's and dementia care in various hospital systems. I also enjoy working with adults that are seeking a listening ear, a compassionate heart, and no judgment.
(216) 369-6254 View (216) 369-6254
Photo of Aimee Gay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley View, OH
Aimee Gay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Independence, OH 44131  (Online Only)
I am a passionate social worker committed to supporting individuals and couples through various aspects of their mental health and well-being. My expertise spans across Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Trauma, Couples Counseling, LGBTQIA+ issues, Grief, Sleep, Insomnia, Domestic Violence and Substance Use. My journey in social work revolves around a deep dedication to understanding and addressing the unique needs of each client.
I am a passionate social worker committed to supporting individuals and couples through various aspects of their mental health and well-being. My expertise spans across Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Trauma, Couples Counseling, LGBTQIA+ issues, Grief, Sleep, Insomnia, Domestic Violence and Substance Use. My journey in social work revolves around a deep dedication to understanding and addressing the unique needs of each client.
(216) 868-7162 View (216) 868-7162
Photo of Jordan Counseling Associates, Inc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley View, OH
Jordan Counseling Associates, Inc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISWS
Verified Verified
Cleveland, OH 44131
Not accepting new clients
Trauma effects everything in our lives. It effects our health, relationships, work potential and spirituality. Taking the time to understand the neurobiology of how our brain and body respond to trauma is the first step in understanding our pathway to healing and long term health.
Trauma effects everything in our lives. It effects our health, relationships, work potential and spirituality. Taking the time to understand the neurobiology of how our brain and body respond to trauma is the first step in understanding our pathway to healing and long term health.
(216) 666-5498 View (216) 666-5498
Photo of Sidney Bash, Licensed Professional Counselor in Valley View, OH
Sidney Bash
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Independence, OH 44131
Sidney believes in creating a safe space for clients to reflect, work on self-acceptance, and build a DBT skillset that will help them navigate their emotions and interpersonal relationships more effectively. Sidney has curated these skills from her time specializing in treating high school and college aged clients with suicidal ideation. She understands that days can feel like a marathon filled with feelings of shame and untrue, negative stories we tell ourselves. Sidney enjoys empowering her clients to retell these stories and find meaning, truth, and hope within them to pave the way for a more authentic and fulfilling future.
Sidney believes in creating a safe space for clients to reflect, work on self-acceptance, and build a DBT skillset that will help them navigate their emotions and interpersonal relationships more effectively. Sidney has curated these skills from her time specializing in treating high school and college aged clients with suicidal ideation. She understands that days can feel like a marathon filled with feelings of shame and untrue, negative stories we tell ourselves. Sidney enjoys empowering her clients to retell these stories and find meaning, truth, and hope within them to pave the way for a more authentic and fulfilling future.
(216) 369-6706 x1101 View (216) 369-6706 x1101
Photo of Marbury & Associates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Valley View, OH
Marbury & Associates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BA, MSSA, LSW
Verified Verified
Maple Heights, OH 44137  (Online Only)
Tanisha Askew-Gingerich has 17 years experience as a licensed practitioner with an emphasis on high-risk groups, children, youth, and families, and groups who experience high levels of discriminatory practices. Trained in both clinical intervention and drug and alcohol addiction, the ultimate goal is to help every client lead a healthier and more functional lifestyle. She has previously conducted research in HIV, worked as an admitting practitioner for psychiatric ER, private practice, conducted anger management groups, court liaison for Cuyahoga County , and has served underprivileged youth and communities.
Tanisha Askew-Gingerich has 17 years experience as a licensed practitioner with an emphasis on high-risk groups, children, youth, and families, and groups who experience high levels of discriminatory practices. Trained in both clinical intervention and drug and alcohol addiction, the ultimate goal is to help every client lead a healthier and more functional lifestyle. She has previously conducted research in HIV, worked as an admitting practitioner for psychiatric ER, private practice, conducted anger management groups, court liaison for Cuyahoga County , and has served underprivileged youth and communities.
(216) 478-4833 View (216) 478-4833
Photo of Dr. Emily Deming, Psychologist in Valley View, OH
Dr. Emily Deming
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, OH 44105  (Online Only)
Hello! I am Dr. Emily Deming. I am a queer psychologist who is passionate about making therapy a space to not only reflect but also to learn. I have first hand experience with supporting a neurodivergent partner and integrating into a multiracial family. I believe that therapy is a learning process and I strive to make sure that my clients leave our sessions with a toolkit they can handle life’s ups and downs with. As the expert on your life, your child, or your family, my clients are an essential part of developing individualized treatment plans focused on their needs and goals.
Hello! I am Dr. Emily Deming. I am a queer psychologist who is passionate about making therapy a space to not only reflect but also to learn. I have first hand experience with supporting a neurodivergent partner and integrating into a multiracial family. I believe that therapy is a learning process and I strive to make sure that my clients leave our sessions with a toolkit they can handle life’s ups and downs with. As the expert on your life, your child, or your family, my clients are an essential part of developing individualized treatment plans focused on their needs and goals.
(727) 626-0608 View (727) 626-0608

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Number of Therapists in Valley View, OH

< 10

Therapists in Valley View, OH who prioritize treating:

How Therapists in Valley View, OH see their clients

2% Online Only
1% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Valley View?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.