Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA

Photo of Kristina Albright, Pre-Licensed Professional in Fair Oaks, CA
Kristina Albright
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I enjoy working with clients from every background who are struggling with trauma, stress, grief, loss, anxiety, depression, life transitions, or anything that keeps them from feeling like the best version of themselves. To sit with someone in their hardest times is an honor and I feel privileged to have the opportunity to provide support and guidance when they reach out for help. I am passionate about serving others, especially first responders, front line workers and those suffering from the effects of trauma.
I enjoy working with clients from every background who are struggling with trauma, stress, grief, loss, anxiety, depression, life transitions, or anything that keeps them from feeling like the best version of themselves. To sit with someone in their hardest times is an honor and I feel privileged to have the opportunity to provide support and guidance when they reach out for help. I am passionate about serving others, especially first responders, front line workers and those suffering from the effects of trauma.
(279) 400-1317 View (279) 400-1317
Photo of Candace Childers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Candace Childers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Wouldn’t it be nice if life felt like taking a well-traveled path – full of signs, directions and even tour guides to help us when we get lost? For many of us, life does not feel that way; it can even feel like we took a wrong turn along the way, and suddenly we are on a cliff-edged trail that is getting narrower and narrower. When we experience chronic stress – whether it be from trauma, relational issues, anxiety, depression or even sensitivity – life can feel hard. As pressure mounts, we can find ourselves reacting to daily experiences through outbursts of emotion, impulsivity, agitation or even numbing out.
Wouldn’t it be nice if life felt like taking a well-traveled path – full of signs, directions and even tour guides to help us when we get lost? For many of us, life does not feel that way; it can even feel like we took a wrong turn along the way, and suddenly we are on a cliff-edged trail that is getting narrower and narrower. When we experience chronic stress – whether it be from trauma, relational issues, anxiety, depression or even sensitivity – life can feel hard. As pressure mounts, we can find ourselves reacting to daily experiences through outbursts of emotion, impulsivity, agitation or even numbing out.
(916) 602-4903 View (916) 602-4903
Photo of Iris Pachler, Psychologist in Fair Oaks, CA
Iris Pachler
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628  (Online Only)
I understand how complicated life can become, leading to such challenges as divorce, struggles raising children, blended families, difficult relationships, trauma, and loss. The ways you have adapted to those challenges may no longer work for you and we can discover new strengths and interactional patterns that can make life easier and simpler. I have helped individuals deal with anxiety and depression, and move through times of loss and trauma. I approach people with authenticity, honesty and openness.
I understand how complicated life can become, leading to such challenges as divorce, struggles raising children, blended families, difficult relationships, trauma, and loss. The ways you have adapted to those challenges may no longer work for you and we can discover new strengths and interactional patterns that can make life easier and simpler. I have helped individuals deal with anxiety and depression, and move through times of loss and trauma. I approach people with authenticity, honesty and openness.
(530) 903-4538 View (530) 903-4538
Photo of Jillian Cardoso, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Jillian Cardoso
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I work to create a trusting relationship with each of my clients and utilize a person-centered approach that ensures a unique and personalized treatment plan. I will often integrate a cognitive behavioral or solution-focused intervention to assist you in understanding yourself and others around you to the best of your ability.
I work to create a trusting relationship with each of my clients and utilize a person-centered approach that ensures a unique and personalized treatment plan. I will often integrate a cognitive behavioral or solution-focused intervention to assist you in understanding yourself and others around you to the best of your ability.
(916) 900-0138 View (916) 900-0138
Photo of Karen Juliet Martinez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Karen Juliet Martinez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
We all experience struggles in life with its unpredictable twists and turns. You are making a huge step in obtaining support to begin a journey of healing and growing. My goal is to provide a nurturing environment, empathetic and caring where clients feel safe to explore their lives. Over 12 years experience with therapy focus on interpersonal distresses such as anxiety, depression, breaking negative cycles, healing of emotional wounds, trauma, grief/loss, repairing and improving relationships. I focus on individuals, men, women, and young adults. All ethnicities and cultural backgrounds. Located in the Fair Oaks Village.
We all experience struggles in life with its unpredictable twists and turns. You are making a huge step in obtaining support to begin a journey of healing and growing. My goal is to provide a nurturing environment, empathetic and caring where clients feel safe to explore their lives. Over 12 years experience with therapy focus on interpersonal distresses such as anxiety, depression, breaking negative cycles, healing of emotional wounds, trauma, grief/loss, repairing and improving relationships. I focus on individuals, men, women, and young adults. All ethnicities and cultural backgrounds. Located in the Fair Oaks Village.
(916) 727-6428 View (916) 727-6428
Photo of Joel D. Walton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Joel D. Walton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Communication issues with your partner? Blended family feeling anything but blended? Afraid that your marriage is headed for a DIVORCE? Porn impacting your life? ...Life throws everyone challenges, fears, disappointments and transitions. You need resiliency, strength and wisdom to move forward successfully. Friends, family, and even pastors can't always provide the time, skills or knowledge to help you reach safe harbor when you feel like you are drowning.
Communication issues with your partner? Blended family feeling anything but blended? Afraid that your marriage is headed for a DIVORCE? Porn impacting your life? ...Life throws everyone challenges, fears, disappointments and transitions. You need resiliency, strength and wisdom to move forward successfully. Friends, family, and even pastors can't always provide the time, skills or knowledge to help you reach safe harbor when you feel like you are drowning.
(916) 587-1948 View (916) 587-1948
Photo of Jamie Johnson, Counselor in Fair Oaks, CA
Jamie Johnson
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Very few people know what is really going on in your life and just how stuck you feel. It has gotten to the point where you no longer recognize yourself and have no idea how you got here. Maybe you feel like everything in your life, including yourself is out of control or that getting out of bed takes all your energy before your day has even started. Maybe you are flooded with unwanted memories from the past and you have turned to drugs or alcohol to cope. You’re exhausted and know that life cannot continue like this anymore. You are looking for a change, and are searching for support. I can help!
Very few people know what is really going on in your life and just how stuck you feel. It has gotten to the point where you no longer recognize yourself and have no idea how you got here. Maybe you feel like everything in your life, including yourself is out of control or that getting out of bed takes all your energy before your day has even started. Maybe you are flooded with unwanted memories from the past and you have turned to drugs or alcohol to cope. You’re exhausted and know that life cannot continue like this anymore. You are looking for a change, and are searching for support. I can help!
(916) 252-5659 View (916) 252-5659
Photo of Lauren Mahakian, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Lauren Mahakian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Waitlist for new clients
You’re finding it more and more difficult to hold it all together. After pushing down your emotions and "going along with things" for so long, there is all of a sudden very little space to hold anything else. It’s hard to concentrate, you’re irritable, your body aches. There are times when you feel you could jump out of your skin from the racing thoughts, and there are times where you want to crawl under a rock to escape the overwhelm. What has always worked in the past is not even touching these feelings.
You’re finding it more and more difficult to hold it all together. After pushing down your emotions and "going along with things" for so long, there is all of a sudden very little space to hold anything else. It’s hard to concentrate, you’re irritable, your body aches. There are times when you feel you could jump out of your skin from the racing thoughts, and there are times where you want to crawl under a rock to escape the overwhelm. What has always worked in the past is not even touching these feelings.
(916) 545-1388 View (916) 545-1388
Photo of Mary Guzik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Mary Guzik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Do you need help with your relationship? Are you wondering what to do next? Do you love someone, but don't like him/her right now? Well, I am here to help. I specialize in relationship issues. As an experienced licensed therapist, I can work with you to identify the problem areas in your relationship(s). Together, we can create a plan for change, develop new skills for a stronger connection, and create healthier interactions in your relationship(s). Yes, I know counseling can be costly. However, therapy is an investment. The investment is in improving your emotional well-being.
Do you need help with your relationship? Are you wondering what to do next? Do you love someone, but don't like him/her right now? Well, I am here to help. I specialize in relationship issues. As an experienced licensed therapist, I can work with you to identify the problem areas in your relationship(s). Together, we can create a plan for change, develop new skills for a stronger connection, and create healthier interactions in your relationship(s). Yes, I know counseling can be costly. However, therapy is an investment. The investment is in improving your emotional well-being.
(916) 512-6381 View (916) 512-6381
Photo of Suzanne Teare, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Suzanne Teare
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, E-RYT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Do you think you might be ready to dive deep into your journey of self-discovery and healing? You might be grappling with trauma or struggling in your relationships, and you need a safe and cozy space where you can unpack and transform at a pace that feels right for you.
Do you think you might be ready to dive deep into your journey of self-discovery and healing? You might be grappling with trauma or struggling in your relationships, and you need a safe and cozy space where you can unpack and transform at a pace that feels right for you.
(530) 270-4198 View (530) 270-4198
Photo of Sean William Bezdek, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Sean William Bezdek
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Adults and Couples: Many people seek therapy for a variety of reasons. Life is full of twists and turns and sometimes you need a compassionate, helpful, skilled therapist to meet you where you are and to help you find the solutions that you are looking for to make life better. You deserve to thrive!
Adults and Couples: Many people seek therapy for a variety of reasons. Life is full of twists and turns and sometimes you need a compassionate, helpful, skilled therapist to meet you where you are and to help you find the solutions that you are looking for to make life better. You deserve to thrive!
(279) 400-1749 x720 View (279) 400-1749 x720
Photo of Amy Nelson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Amy Nelson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! I'm thrilled to be considered as part of your wellbeing journey. I'm a LCSW with over 3 years of experience working with children, teens, and adults. Prior to becoming a clinician, I worked for many years in the early childhood education field and as a counselor for teens in a residential setting. I have graduate degrees in both human and social services (2019) and social work (2021). Presently, I'm working on my PhD in social work at Walden University. I'm passionate about the benefits of therapy and the positive difference a caring relationship with a therapist can bring.
Hello and welcome! I'm thrilled to be considered as part of your wellbeing journey. I'm a LCSW with over 3 years of experience working with children, teens, and adults. Prior to becoming a clinician, I worked for many years in the early childhood education field and as a counselor for teens in a residential setting. I have graduate degrees in both human and social services (2019) and social work (2021). Presently, I'm working on my PhD in social work at Walden University. I'm passionate about the benefits of therapy and the positive difference a caring relationship with a therapist can bring.
(279) 465-0475 View (279) 465-0475
Photo of Nicolina Marie Santoro, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Nicolina Marie Santoro
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Our work of joining to creatively support the insight and capacity for growth that lies within is profound and sacred. Life is a vast collection of experiences that we can't always be prepared for. These experiences can cause significant emotional and physical distress when we don’t allow for the process of working through them. My service to you is practical, relational and educational, focused on supporting you to intuitively remember your sense of peace so you may express your highest potential in the world for the greatest good of all concerned.
Our work of joining to creatively support the insight and capacity for growth that lies within is profound and sacred. Life is a vast collection of experiences that we can't always be prepared for. These experiences can cause significant emotional and physical distress when we don’t allow for the process of working through them. My service to you is practical, relational and educational, focused on supporting you to intuitively remember your sense of peace so you may express your highest potential in the world for the greatest good of all concerned.
(916) 827-4982 View (916) 827-4982
Photo of Samuel Stewart, Pre-Licensed Professional in Fair Oaks, CA
Samuel Stewart
Pre-Licensed Professional, APCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Children, Teens, Adults, Couples: can be anxiety provoking for you to first come into therapy, but if you know that we are a safe space, and you will be fully accepted, it can be very rewarding and growth producing for your life. I applaud your effort in coming to therapy. I believe that you are the expert in your life, yet sometimes we need a helping hand along the way, and I am grateful to be a part of your journey. I firmly believe in the benefit of offering unconditional positive regard as a therapeutic orientation. In our sessions you will find a supportive environment, encouragement, tools to apply to life’s obstacles.
Children, Teens, Adults, Couples: can be anxiety provoking for you to first come into therapy, but if you know that we are a safe space, and you will be fully accepted, it can be very rewarding and growth producing for your life. I applaud your effort in coming to therapy. I believe that you are the expert in your life, yet sometimes we need a helping hand along the way, and I am grateful to be a part of your journey. I firmly believe in the benefit of offering unconditional positive regard as a therapeutic orientation. In our sessions you will find a supportive environment, encouragement, tools to apply to life’s obstacles.
(279) 203-0352 View (279) 203-0352
Photo of Jessenia Gil, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Jessenia Gil
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
My name is Jesenia Gil, and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I am passionate about helping individuals overcome challenges with anxiety, depression, stress, life transitions, parenting, and more. I utilize an empathic, collaborative, and integrative approach tailored to each client’s needs. I enjoy working with individuals from diverse backgrounds and cultures. I specialize in working with individuals with symptoms of anxiety, depression, life stressors, transitions, issues with parenting, family conflict, and relationship/peer issues.
My name is Jesenia Gil, and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I am passionate about helping individuals overcome challenges with anxiety, depression, stress, life transitions, parenting, and more. I utilize an empathic, collaborative, and integrative approach tailored to each client’s needs. I enjoy working with individuals from diverse backgrounds and cultures. I specialize in working with individuals with symptoms of anxiety, depression, life stressors, transitions, issues with parenting, family conflict, and relationship/peer issues.
(916) 345-2177 View (916) 345-2177
Photo of Heather Graviet, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Heather Graviet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MBA
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome! I'm so glad you're here. Reaching out to begin therapy is sometimes a challenging step, but life is hard and it's okay (and a sign of strength) to recognize that we all need help figuring things out at some point or another. Therapy should be a safe space for you to be able to explore your current stressors and be curious about your thought process.
Welcome! I'm so glad you're here. Reaching out to begin therapy is sometimes a challenging step, but life is hard and it's okay (and a sign of strength) to recognize that we all need help figuring things out at some point or another. Therapy should be a safe space for you to be able to explore your current stressors and be curious about your thought process.
(279) 529-0057 View (279) 529-0057
Photo of Melissa Bergen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Melissa Bergen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
There are times in our lives when we feel like things are falling apart. But what if they were actually falling into place? In a safe and caring space, and with compassion and grace, we could explore those areas of your life that have made it difficult (and sometimes impossible) to experience hope, peace, or purpose. Whether we go on a journey to explore your past to heal wounds or remain focused in the present, together we can discover the path forward.
There are times in our lives when we feel like things are falling apart. But what if they were actually falling into place? In a safe and caring space, and with compassion and grace, we could explore those areas of your life that have made it difficult (and sometimes impossible) to experience hope, peace, or purpose. Whether we go on a journey to explore your past to heal wounds or remain focused in the present, together we can discover the path forward.
(916) 915-9198 View (916) 915-9198
Photo of Paul Singh, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fair Oaks, CA
Paul Singh
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
When it comes to our mental health and our relationships, often we believe that it is better to say nothing and go with the flow. That enduring through difficult times and biting the bullet is better than using our voices to disrupt the cycle of dysfunction around us. Using our voice can be incredibly difficult and at times feel so awkward because we have become used to suffocating our emotions. It is okay to have feelings. It is okay to want change. The true measure of strength is not our ability to endure dysfunction but having the courage to stand up and say, “It stops here.” I can help.
When it comes to our mental health and our relationships, often we believe that it is better to say nothing and go with the flow. That enduring through difficult times and biting the bullet is better than using our voices to disrupt the cycle of dysfunction around us. Using our voice can be incredibly difficult and at times feel so awkward because we have become used to suffocating our emotions. It is okay to have feelings. It is okay to want change. The true measure of strength is not our ability to endure dysfunction but having the courage to stand up and say, “It stops here.” I can help.
(916) 354-6518 View (916) 354-6518
Photo of Mare Brooks-Motl, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Mare Brooks-Motl
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Waitlist for new clients
I am a strength based holistic integrative therapist. I specialize in assisting people realize their full potential far past any diagnosis they have ever been given or heard from a provider in the past. My ideal client is someone who is ready to move past their own limits and are looking for deeper meaning within their own psychology. I work well with motivated clients who have experienced trauma, anxiety and/or are depressed and looking for someone to assist in helping them in believing they can become more than their past and their suffering. Unchanging labels harm everyone, let's challenge them together.
I am a strength based holistic integrative therapist. I specialize in assisting people realize their full potential far past any diagnosis they have ever been given or heard from a provider in the past. My ideal client is someone who is ready to move past their own limits and are looking for deeper meaning within their own psychology. I work well with motivated clients who have experienced trauma, anxiety and/or are depressed and looking for someone to assist in helping them in believing they can become more than their past and their suffering. Unchanging labels harm everyone, let's challenge them together.
(916) 827-3785 View (916) 827-3785
Photo of Jon M. Holmes, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Jon M. Holmes
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628  (Online Only)
A compassionate life-change approach is foundational to healing and lasting positive change. Anchored in compassion, you can begin putting to rest the voices of inner-criticism and condemnation that you may be experiencing. Much of my training and continuing education since becoming licensed as a psychotherapist are in the fields of neuroscience, research on therapeutic practices from a neuro-informed orientation, and trauma healing from a spiritually-based approach. I am also an Amen Clinics brain imaging affiliate psychotherapist with training in brain health and wellbeing.
A compassionate life-change approach is foundational to healing and lasting positive change. Anchored in compassion, you can begin putting to rest the voices of inner-criticism and condemnation that you may be experiencing. Much of my training and continuing education since becoming licensed as a psychotherapist are in the fields of neuroscience, research on therapeutic practices from a neuro-informed orientation, and trauma healing from a spiritually-based approach. I am also an Amen Clinics brain imaging affiliate psychotherapist with training in brain health and wellbeing.
(916) 619-6155 View (916) 619-6155

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
93% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
74% Grief
73% Self Esteem
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

61% Optum
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
53% Aetna

How Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA see their clients

87% In Person and Online
13% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fair Oaks?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.