Therapists in San Antonio, TX

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Photo of Marissa Garcia, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Marissa Garcia
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78201
This is a neurodivergent affirming and trauma informed care space that is culturally respectful. Even the most well meaning provider of services can leave a person feeling misunderstood. Being in this space you will be both heard and seen by a provider who is also neurodivergent. -Telehealth Only-
This is a neurodivergent affirming and trauma informed care space that is culturally respectful. Even the most well meaning provider of services can leave a person feeling misunderstood. Being in this space you will be both heard and seen by a provider who is also neurodivergent. -Telehealth Only-
(210) 871-0371 View (210) 871-0371
Photo of Kim Ghezzi, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CSC
Kim Ghezzi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CSC
3 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78249
Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or second-guessing everything you say or do? Tired of overthinking, people-pleasing, or feeling like you’re not enough? Maybe you're feeling like you are running on empty, shutting down in your relationship, or just feeling disconnected from others or even from yourself. You don’t have to face anxiety, stress, or relationship challenges alone. I help individuals manage anxiety and stress, and support couples looking to improve communication, rebuild trust, and reconnect emotionally. We’ll work together to sort through the overwhelm and take steps toward feeling more grounded, clear, and connected.
Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or second-guessing everything you say or do? Tired of overthinking, people-pleasing, or feeling like you’re not enough? Maybe you're feeling like you are running on empty, shutting down in your relationship, or just feeling disconnected from others or even from yourself. You don’t have to face anxiety, stress, or relationship challenges alone. I help individuals manage anxiety and stress, and support couples looking to improve communication, rebuild trust, and reconnect emotionally. We’ll work together to sort through the overwhelm and take steps toward feeling more grounded, clear, and connected.
(210) 761-5866 View (210) 761-5866
Photo of Lydia Elizabeth Friese - Mindful Therapy with Lydia, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Mindful Therapy with Lydia
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Lydia Friese is a Licensed Professional Counselor , 86941. Lydia earned her M.S. in Clinical Psychology with a specialization in Clinical Counseling. She specializes in relationship issues, Substance Abuse Disorders, ADHD, Borderline Personality Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, PTSD, Anxiety and Depression. She has 3 years of experience in working with children, adolescents, teens, couples, adults and families. Lydia’s goal is to provide clients a safe space for clients to move into awareness and gain self-trust. In turn seeing life's challenges as manageable.
Lydia Friese is a Licensed Professional Counselor , 86941. Lydia earned her M.S. in Clinical Psychology with a specialization in Clinical Counseling. She specializes in relationship issues, Substance Abuse Disorders, ADHD, Borderline Personality Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, PTSD, Anxiety and Depression. She has 3 years of experience in working with children, adolescents, teens, couples, adults and families. Lydia’s goal is to provide clients a safe space for clients to move into awareness and gain self-trust. In turn seeing life's challenges as manageable.
(210) 880-0406 View (210) 880-0406
Photo of Chrisanne A Martone, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Chrisanne A Martone
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Psychological Evaluations, Relationship Issues, ADHD, Anxiety, OCD, Autism & Trauma for Adults & Teens. If you’re feeling overwhelmed, emotionally exhausted, or stuck in the same painful patterns, you’re not alone. I'm Chrisanne Martone, LPC and PhD candidate, many of my clients come to therapy feeling anxious, disconnected, unsure of themselves, or worn down by relationships, past experiences, or life transitions. You may be high-functioning or look "fine" on the outside but struggling on the inside. You’re seeking clarity, relief, and a space where you can finally be understood, supported, and empowered to create real change.
Psychological Evaluations, Relationship Issues, ADHD, Anxiety, OCD, Autism & Trauma for Adults & Teens. If you’re feeling overwhelmed, emotionally exhausted, or stuck in the same painful patterns, you’re not alone. I'm Chrisanne Martone, LPC and PhD candidate, many of my clients come to therapy feeling anxious, disconnected, unsure of themselves, or worn down by relationships, past experiences, or life transitions. You may be high-functioning or look "fine" on the outside but struggling on the inside. You’re seeking clarity, relief, and a space where you can finally be understood, supported, and empowered to create real change.
(830) 580-3264 View (830) 580-3264
Demetrius Walton
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
My therapy style is compassionate, collaborative, and client-centered. I work with individuals, couples, and families, creating a safe space to explore challenges with honesty and hope. I integrate evidence-based approaches including CBT, EFT, SFT, and EMDR to support those navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship concerns. For clients who desire it, I also provide faith-informed counseling and pastoral care, supporting mind, body, and spirit for lasting growth and transformation.
My therapy style is compassionate, collaborative, and client-centered. I work with individuals, couples, and families, creating a safe space to explore challenges with honesty and hope. I integrate evidence-based approaches including CBT, EFT, SFT, and EMDR to support those navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship concerns. For clients who desire it, I also provide faith-informed counseling and pastoral care, supporting mind, body, and spirit for lasting growth and transformation.
(210) 934-9871 View (210) 934-9871
Photo of Dr. Luz Restrepo, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Luz Restrepo
Psychologist, PsyD
San Antonio, TX 78229
She is committed to supporting military veterans and offers specialized care to both men and women navigating the challenges of these conditions. Her approach is rooted in the latest research and clinical practices, ensuring that her patients receive the most effective care possible. In addition to her work with neuropsychological and cognitive assessments, Dr. Restrepo provides a range of psychological testing services. Her comprehensive evaluations are designed to address a variety of mental health concerns, offering insights that are crucial for developing effective treatment plans. Dr.
She is committed to supporting military veterans and offers specialized care to both men and women navigating the challenges of these conditions. Her approach is rooted in the latest research and clinical practices, ensuring that her patients receive the most effective care possible. In addition to her work with neuropsychological and cognitive assessments, Dr. Restrepo provides a range of psychological testing services. Her comprehensive evaluations are designed to address a variety of mental health concerns, offering insights that are crucial for developing effective treatment plans. Dr.
(830) 283-4703 View (830) 283-4703
Photo of Alberto Bustamante, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, RPT-S, LPC-S
Alberto Bustamante
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, RPT-S, LPC-S
Online Only
Thanks so much for reaching out, I know this is not easy. Taking care of yourself and paying attention to your mental health can be overwhelming and scary so I want to validate you for your courage in taking this very important first step. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with supervision designation in Texas. I have over a decade of professional experience in the mental health field and a few more decades of experience in the school of life. Throughout my career I have worked with children, adults, family's, and couples with a focus on healing.
Thanks so much for reaching out, I know this is not easy. Taking care of yourself and paying attention to your mental health can be overwhelming and scary so I want to validate you for your courage in taking this very important first step. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with supervision designation in Texas. I have over a decade of professional experience in the mental health field and a few more decades of experience in the school of life. Throughout my career I have worked with children, adults, family's, and couples with a focus on healing.
(830) 410-2295 View (830) 410-2295
Photo of Whitney Dee Reina - Thousand Branches Wellness-San Antonio, Texas, LPC, LCDC, NCC
Our clinicians and staff are trained to treat a variety of conditions and issues within our community. Some of these issues include: Abuse/Trauma Anxiety Depression PTSD Grief and Loss Mood and/or Adjustment related issues Relationship Challenges Work and Career Issues Our programs are designed to fit each of our patients needs, and our clinicians will work with you to help provide the highest quality care possible.
Our clinicians and staff are trained to treat a variety of conditions and issues within our community. Some of these issues include: Abuse/Trauma Anxiety Depression PTSD Grief and Loss Mood and/or Adjustment related issues Relationship Challenges Work and Career Issues Our programs are designed to fit each of our patients needs, and our clinicians will work with you to help provide the highest quality care possible.
(210) 796-4753 View (210) 796-4753
Photo of Poonam Sharma, Psychologist, PhD
Poonam Sharma
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
The hardest times in our lives can be huge turning points if managed well. If you are struggling, please consider psychotherapy. There are many wonderful psychological tools that can help you become healthier so you can live your life with more clarity, confidence, and purpose. Contrary to the stereotype, most people seeking counseling are "normal," just happen to be stuck, and realize they need help to move forward. Whether it's a health problem, infertility, a loss, work-life imbalance, or just plain stress that has you down, let's work together to help you take charge of your life.
The hardest times in our lives can be huge turning points if managed well. If you are struggling, please consider psychotherapy. There are many wonderful psychological tools that can help you become healthier so you can live your life with more clarity, confidence, and purpose. Contrary to the stereotype, most people seeking counseling are "normal," just happen to be stuck, and realize they need help to move forward. Whether it's a health problem, infertility, a loss, work-life imbalance, or just plain stress that has you down, let's work together to help you take charge of your life.
(726) 224-4379 View (726) 224-4379
Photo of Henrietta Dominguez, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, RPT-S
Henrietta Dominguez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, RPT-S
San Antonio, TX 78216
Waitlist for new clients
Thank you for considering me to guide you in your therapeutic process. I am committed to supporting my clients in a therapeutic relationship by implementing professional counseling practices and respectful client service. I work with my clients to establish a healthy mind, body and spirit for needed change, personal growth, and supportive relationships. I empower my clients to focus on their strengths as they explore their potential. In therapy, my clients are mindful of their needs as they reconnect with their true self and explore that which holds them back.
Thank you for considering me to guide you in your therapeutic process. I am committed to supporting my clients in a therapeutic relationship by implementing professional counseling practices and respectful client service. I work with my clients to establish a healthy mind, body and spirit for needed change, personal growth, and supportive relationships. I empower my clients to focus on their strengths as they explore their potential. In therapy, my clients are mindful of their needs as they reconnect with their true self and explore that which holds them back.
(210) 702-3066 View (210) 702-3066
Treasures Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I provide individual, group, and family psychotherapy, focusing on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) modalities. I am dedicated to helping my clients navigate their challenges and work towards their personal goals. I believe in a holistic approach to mental health and wellness, and I am committed to providing a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space for all my clients. Please feel free to reach out to me for more information or to schedule an appointment. I look forward to working with you.
I provide individual, group, and family psychotherapy, focusing on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) modalities. I am dedicated to helping my clients navigate their challenges and work towards their personal goals. I believe in a holistic approach to mental health and wellness, and I am committed to providing a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space for all my clients. Please feel free to reach out to me for more information or to schedule an appointment. I look forward to working with you.
(210) 405-3147 View (210) 405-3147
Photo of Jorge Yunes, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Jorge Yunes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
San Antonio, TX 78231
Couples come to me when their relationship feels like they're at a breaking point and something serious has just happened. Maybe there’s been an affair, a major blow-up, or arguments that keep escalating and getting worse. You need help now, not weeks from now. I specialize in relationship emergencies, working with couples in crisis, high-conflict patterns, and early-stage betrayal. I provide focused, short-term support to stabilize the situation, slow reactivity, and help you understand what’s happening so you can make clear decisions about what comes next—and help you repair things for the long term.
Couples come to me when their relationship feels like they're at a breaking point and something serious has just happened. Maybe there’s been an affair, a major blow-up, or arguments that keep escalating and getting worse. You need help now, not weeks from now. I specialize in relationship emergencies, working with couples in crisis, high-conflict patterns, and early-stage betrayal. I provide focused, short-term support to stabilize the situation, slow reactivity, and help you understand what’s happening so you can make clear decisions about what comes next—and help you repair things for the long term.
(210) 908-5117 View (210) 908-5117
Photo of Jenee Garcia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jenee Garcia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hello! I am licensed social worker serving clients throughout the state of Michigan. I graduated with my MSW from Grand Valley State University in 2013. I have worked within the foster care system, provided wraparound services for at-risk youth, worked with those experiencing homelessness and with Veterans and their caregivers. I work with youth and adults on developing positive coping skills, short and long-term goals to address anxiety, depression, grief, life changes, stress management and other mental health concerns.
Hello! I am licensed social worker serving clients throughout the state of Michigan. I graduated with my MSW from Grand Valley State University in 2013. I have worked within the foster care system, provided wraparound services for at-risk youth, worked with those experiencing homelessness and with Veterans and their caregivers. I work with youth and adults on developing positive coping skills, short and long-term goals to address anxiety, depression, grief, life changes, stress management and other mental health concerns.
(210) 985-8223 View (210) 985-8223
Norma L Garate
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Online Only
I believe every person has unique strengths and the ability to grow, even during life’s most challenging moments. I offer a warm, nonjudgmental, and collaborative space where you can feel safe exploring your thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Together, we’ll focus on developing resilience, increasing self-awareness, and strengthening your confidence. Whether you’re navigating stress, life transitions, or deeper emotional challenges, we’ll work at a pace that feels right for you—honoring your story, celebrating progress, and creating meaningful, lasting change.
I believe every person has unique strengths and the ability to grow, even during life’s most challenging moments. I offer a warm, nonjudgmental, and collaborative space where you can feel safe exploring your thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Together, we’ll focus on developing resilience, increasing self-awareness, and strengthening your confidence. Whether you’re navigating stress, life transitions, or deeper emotional challenges, we’ll work at a pace that feels right for you—honoring your story, celebrating progress, and creating meaningful, lasting change.
(210) 762-4981 View (210) 762-4981
Photo of Callie M Davis-Carr, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
Callie M Davis-Carr
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
San Antonio, TX 78210
Are you feeling overwhelmed or heavy hearted due to the loss of a loved one? Are you dealing with heartache, despair, and frustration due to marital conflict and misunderstanding? Do you need help in dealing with relational matters? I'd like to help you if you are. I am more than willing to help lighten your emotional load, and offer help for today and hope for tomorrow. There is hope! I look forward to hearing from you.
Are you feeling overwhelmed or heavy hearted due to the loss of a loved one? Are you dealing with heartache, despair, and frustration due to marital conflict and misunderstanding? Do you need help in dealing with relational matters? I'd like to help you if you are. I am more than willing to help lighten your emotional load, and offer help for today and hope for tomorrow. There is hope! I look forward to hearing from you.
(281) 940-3692 View (281) 940-3692
Photo of Faith Northern, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate
Faith Northern
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78201
Waitlist for new clients
The stories we tell ourselves are very important and often they are stories that others have told us or placed on us. I believe that there is power in taking back our story and living the truth that aligns with the core of who we are. I believe that you as the client are the expert of your life and I get to be a part of empowering you with the tools you need to navigate hardships and struggles.
The stories we tell ourselves are very important and often they are stories that others have told us or placed on us. I believe that there is power in taking back our story and living the truth that aligns with the core of who we are. I believe that you as the client are the expert of your life and I get to be a part of empowering you with the tools you need to navigate hardships and struggles.
(832) 841-4056 View (832) 841-4056
Photo of Deborah Lynne Farbarik, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Deborah Lynne Farbarik
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Deborah Farbarik is Licensed Professional Counselor with over 20 years of experience working with children, adolescents. adults and families. Deborah has worked with individuals living with Mood disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Schizophrenia, Autism, PTSD, ADHD, Autism, family issues and school-based concerns. Deborah utilizes a holistic approach by providing individualized treatment based on her clients’ needs and identified goals. Deborah obtained her Master of Arts Degree in Human Relations with focus on Counseling at University of Oklahoma and Bachelor of Art in Sociology from the University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas. Debora
Deborah Farbarik is Licensed Professional Counselor with over 20 years of experience working with children, adolescents. adults and families. Deborah has worked with individuals living with Mood disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Schizophrenia, Autism, PTSD, ADHD, Autism, family issues and school-based concerns. Deborah utilizes a holistic approach by providing individualized treatment based on her clients’ needs and identified goals. Deborah obtained her Master of Arts Degree in Human Relations with focus on Counseling at University of Oklahoma and Bachelor of Art in Sociology from the University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas. Debora
(210) 972-0378 View (210) 972-0378
Photo of Mary T. Torres, Psychologist, PsyD
Mary T. Torres
Psychologist, PsyD
Online Only
I am here to help you with common concerns, such as depression, anxiety, stress, relationship matters, and coping with grief or trauma. I can also serve as a sounding board if you are seeking new directions or sorting through spirituality issues. You may be someone who can benefit from counseling even in situations not covered by health insurance. You may simply need to take some time away from the rest of your busy life, with someone who listens well and who is not directly involved---to sort through things, get feedback from a different perspective, obtain ideas, and receive support to work on changes for a better quality of life.
I am here to help you with common concerns, such as depression, anxiety, stress, relationship matters, and coping with grief or trauma. I can also serve as a sounding board if you are seeking new directions or sorting through spirituality issues. You may be someone who can benefit from counseling even in situations not covered by health insurance. You may simply need to take some time away from the rest of your busy life, with someone who listens well and who is not directly involved---to sort through things, get feedback from a different perspective, obtain ideas, and receive support to work on changes for a better quality of life.
(210) 764-6583 View (210) 764-6583
Photo of Kayleigh Butler, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Kayleigh Butler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
3 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78212
You’ve survived a lot: relational trauma, religious harm, systemic oppression, or deep emotional wounds. If you’re motivated to explore trauma, identity, mind-body connection, and relationships, I support queer, trans, and gender diverse adults in building safety, self-trust, and resilience. My approach is collaborative, grounded in person-centered care, Relational Cultural Theory, EMDR, Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy, and holistic approaches, helping you reconnect with your body, strengthen relationships, and live more fully.
You’ve survived a lot: relational trauma, religious harm, systemic oppression, or deep emotional wounds. If you’re motivated to explore trauma, identity, mind-body connection, and relationships, I support queer, trans, and gender diverse adults in building safety, self-trust, and resilience. My approach is collaborative, grounded in person-centered care, Relational Cultural Theory, EMDR, Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy, and holistic approaches, helping you reconnect with your body, strengthen relationships, and live more fully.
(210) 934-6354 View (210) 934-6354
Photo of Tristi Patterson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S
Tristi Patterson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Sometimes it feels like no matter what you do, it’s never enough. Maybe life has left you feeling unseen, dismissed, or stuck in patterns that leave you anxious, down, or disconnected. You might struggle in relationships, have trouble asserting yourself, or feel out of touch with your own needs and feelings. Stress from life and world events can make all of this feel even heavier. You are not alone. Therapy can help you feel steadier, more in touch with yourself, and more able to handle what comes up.
Sometimes it feels like no matter what you do, it’s never enough. Maybe life has left you feeling unseen, dismissed, or stuck in patterns that leave you anxious, down, or disconnected. You might struggle in relationships, have trouble asserting yourself, or feel out of touch with your own needs and feelings. Stress from life and world events can make all of this feel even heavier. You are not alone. Therapy can help you feel steadier, more in touch with yourself, and more able to handle what comes up.
(325) 335-7021 View (325) 335-7021

See more therapy options for San Antonio

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Antonio, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in San Antonio, TX who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
85% Depression
70% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues
65% Stress
61% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
80% Cigna and Evernorth
78% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in San Antonio, TX see their clients

50% Online Only
50% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Antonio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.