Therapists in San Antonio, TX

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Photo of Samantha Sherrill, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Samantha Sherrill
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
3 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78209
Notice: I am currently on maternity leave and will be responding to all messages in April. Please reach out to get on my waitlist. I work with clients who struggle with anxiety, low self-esteem, or perfectionism and are looking to gain confidence. If this is you, you might struggle with being present due to second-guessing yourself or feeling anxious about "what's next". You want to be able to learn how to have more flexible thinking and self-compassion, but are finding yourself stuck in over analyzing. I also enjoy working with clients who are going through difficult life transitions or are grieving a loss and needing support.
Notice: I am currently on maternity leave and will be responding to all messages in April. Please reach out to get on my waitlist. I work with clients who struggle with anxiety, low self-esteem, or perfectionism and are looking to gain confidence. If this is you, you might struggle with being present due to second-guessing yourself or feeling anxious about "what's next". You want to be able to learn how to have more flexible thinking and self-compassion, but are finding yourself stuck in over analyzing. I also enjoy working with clients who are going through difficult life transitions or are grieving a loss and needing support.
(210) 201-5525 View (210) 201-5525
Photo of Dr. Rachelle Morales, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, EMDR-C
Dr. Rachelle Morales
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, EMDR-C
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Life can be difficult in many ways. Perhaps you are changing jobs, entering a new life stage, or making a life altering transition. Or maybe you are struggling more with day to day challenges, such as stress, anxiety, or even depression. When it comes to life, there is no clear straight path to take, it is full of ups, downs, twists, and turns. Whatever you may be struggling with, let's work together to help you get to where you would like to be in life. While we can't change the past, we can learn to understand it and grow from it!
Life can be difficult in many ways. Perhaps you are changing jobs, entering a new life stage, or making a life altering transition. Or maybe you are struggling more with day to day challenges, such as stress, anxiety, or even depression. When it comes to life, there is no clear straight path to take, it is full of ups, downs, twists, and turns. Whatever you may be struggling with, let's work together to help you get to where you would like to be in life. While we can't change the past, we can learn to understand it and grow from it!
(210) 879-9918 View (210) 879-9918
Photo of Nuala Martinez, Licensed Professional Counselor, MBA, MA, LPC
Nuala Martinez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MBA, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78230
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I aim to help clients work towards reaching their personal goals and equipping them with the tools possible for continuous growth. Reaching out for help is brave and courageous, and I commend you for taking the first step. I believe the client/counselor relationship is a collaborative partnership that facilitates a journey of self-discovery and wellness. I provide a safe, therapeutic space that is respectful and nonjudgmental.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I aim to help clients work towards reaching their personal goals and equipping them with the tools possible for continuous growth. Reaching out for help is brave and courageous, and I commend you for taking the first step. I believe the client/counselor relationship is a collaborative partnership that facilitates a journey of self-discovery and wellness. I provide a safe, therapeutic space that is respectful and nonjudgmental.
(210) 794-9478 View (210) 794-9478
Photo of Ijeoma Chinwe Too-Chiobi, Counselor, LPC
Ijeoma Chinwe Too-Chiobi
Counselor, LPC
San Antonio, TX 78253
No one seems to understand what you’re going through. It feels like everyone wants something different from you, and no one cares what you want for yourself. Your parents tell you to act like an adult, but then they treat you like a child. Every decision you make feels like it will have a massive impact on your future. Each day at school, you’re forced to navigate a social minefield of potential embarrassment and rejection. You’re constantly torn between who people want you to be and who you actually are. Trying to juggle friendships, dating, grades, parents, and teachers, all while trying to find yourself, is just too much.
No one seems to understand what you’re going through. It feels like everyone wants something different from you, and no one cares what you want for yourself. Your parents tell you to act like an adult, but then they treat you like a child. Every decision you make feels like it will have a massive impact on your future. Each day at school, you’re forced to navigate a social minefield of potential embarrassment and rejection. You’re constantly torn between who people want you to be and who you actually are. Trying to juggle friendships, dating, grades, parents, and teachers, all while trying to find yourself, is just too much.
(830) 420-0240 View (830) 420-0240
Photo of Priscilla Ann Gonzalez - Rooted Counseling and Consulting Services, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Rooted Counseling and Consulting Services, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Online Only
My name is Priscilla A Gonzalez and I am a motivated therapist ready to provide you the tools you need to get you through your trying times. I incorporate a collaborative approach to establish goals for your life journey that we focus on in our sessions.
My name is Priscilla A Gonzalez and I am a motivated therapist ready to provide you the tools you need to get you through your trying times. I incorporate a collaborative approach to establish goals for your life journey that we focus on in our sessions.
(830) 396-6051 View (830) 396-6051
Photo of Rhonda Katan, RN, FMP, BCBC, CLC, Lic Min
Rhonda Katan
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78254
I completed the following degrees, licenses, & certifications to provide comprehensive care for clients: Registered Nurse, Functional Medicine Practitioner, Board-Certified Faith-Based Therapist, Psychology Graduate, Licensed Minister, & Certified Life/Wellness Coach. I am fundamentally motivated to lead others to overcome challenges & odds as I serve them by offering advice, education, treatment & emotional support helping to make an impact that produces positive substantial changes in their lives. In addition, I utilize labs and licensed pharmaceutical-grade nutraceuticals to help my clients achieve better health.
I completed the following degrees, licenses, & certifications to provide comprehensive care for clients: Registered Nurse, Functional Medicine Practitioner, Board-Certified Faith-Based Therapist, Psychology Graduate, Licensed Minister, & Certified Life/Wellness Coach. I am fundamentally motivated to lead others to overcome challenges & odds as I serve them by offering advice, education, treatment & emotional support helping to make an impact that produces positive substantial changes in their lives. In addition, I utilize labs and licensed pharmaceutical-grade nutraceuticals to help my clients achieve better health.
(210) 796-2644 View (210) 796-2644
Photo of Kathryn Conly, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Kathryn Conly
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
My name is Kathryn Conly, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (TX 10114). I have a nonjudgmental approach and create a relaxed and compassionate atmosphere for us to explore the issues you may be struggling with and generate a plan to impact whatever it is you may want to change. My goal is to empower you to realize your goals! I am respectful and comforting. I create a relaxing, open, and informal environment allowing a little humor when appropriate. I prefer to lighten the mood by not taking life so seriously while being straightforward and direct when needed.
My name is Kathryn Conly, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (TX 10114). I have a nonjudgmental approach and create a relaxed and compassionate atmosphere for us to explore the issues you may be struggling with and generate a plan to impact whatever it is you may want to change. My goal is to empower you to realize your goals! I am respectful and comforting. I create a relaxing, open, and informal environment allowing a little humor when appropriate. I prefer to lighten the mood by not taking life so seriously while being straightforward and direct when needed.
(281) 357-9713 View (281) 357-9713
Photo of Hope Tran, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Hope Tran
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
San Antonio, TX 78240
Hope Tran is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor who was born and raised in Harlingen, TX. In 2018, Hope moved to San Antonio and completed her undergraduate studies at The University of Texas at San Antonio, where she earned a Bachelor of Science in Public Health with a concentration in Behavioral Science. In 2024, she obtained a Master of Science from UTSA in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and an Integrated Behavioral Health certificate.
Hope Tran is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor who was born and raised in Harlingen, TX. In 2018, Hope moved to San Antonio and completed her undergraduate studies at The University of Texas at San Antonio, where she earned a Bachelor of Science in Public Health with a concentration in Behavioral Science. In 2024, she obtained a Master of Science from UTSA in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and an Integrated Behavioral Health certificate.
(830) 376-6313 View (830) 376-6313
Photo of Courtney Morris, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Courtney Morris
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
San Antonio, TX 78212
You may appear composed on the outside while feeling anxious, overextended, or disconnected inside. You’ve tried to manage it alone, but something deeper is calling for attention. The people I support are often moving through seasons of anxiety, self-doubt, or disconnection, longing to feel more present and at ease in their bodies, and to move beyond survival mode and reconnect with a sense of meaning, calm, and inner trust.
You may appear composed on the outside while feeling anxious, overextended, or disconnected inside. You’ve tried to manage it alone, but something deeper is calling for attention. The people I support are often moving through seasons of anxiety, self-doubt, or disconnection, longing to feel more present and at ease in their bodies, and to move beyond survival mode and reconnect with a sense of meaning, calm, and inner trust.
(210) 934-4915 View (210) 934-4915
Photo of Arianna Martinez, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Arianna Martinez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
4 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78228
As a dedicated therapist specializing in children and teens, my primary focus is to provide compassionate and effective support for their mental health and well-being. Through a combination of active listening, empathy, and evidence-based therapeutic techniques, I create a safe and nurturing space where young individuals feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and emotions. I work collaboratively with them to explore and understand their challenges, helping them develop coping strategies and resilience. By fostering a trusting and nonjudgmental relationship, I aim to empower children and teens to navigate their day-to-day lives.
As a dedicated therapist specializing in children and teens, my primary focus is to provide compassionate and effective support for their mental health and well-being. Through a combination of active listening, empathy, and evidence-based therapeutic techniques, I create a safe and nurturing space where young individuals feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and emotions. I work collaboratively with them to explore and understand their challenges, helping them develop coping strategies and resilience. By fostering a trusting and nonjudgmental relationship, I aim to empower children and teens to navigate their day-to-day lives.
(210) 941-4308 View (210) 941-4308
Photo of Maureen Galindo - Exulted Sex Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFT-A
Exulted Sex Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFT-A
San Antonio, TX 78207
I'm Maureen, a sex therapist specializing in helping people navigate intimacy, reclaim self-agency, and increase pleasure in their lives. With a liberation-based approach, I provide a nonjudgmental space for my clients to grow in their awareness of what makes them feel safe and good. I help clients understand the connection between mind, body, and pleasure so they become comfortable and confident in their needs and desires. Whether solo, dating, or committed, my services provide people with the tools and knowledge to feel empowered while navigating the complexities of sex.
I'm Maureen, a sex therapist specializing in helping people navigate intimacy, reclaim self-agency, and increase pleasure in their lives. With a liberation-based approach, I provide a nonjudgmental space for my clients to grow in their awareness of what makes them feel safe and good. I help clients understand the connection between mind, body, and pleasure so they become comfortable and confident in their needs and desires. Whether solo, dating, or committed, my services provide people with the tools and knowledge to feel empowered while navigating the complexities of sex.
(210) 940-2368 View (210) 940-2368
Photo of Kelly Renee Ross, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Kelly Renee Ross
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Whether you’re navigating stress, anxiety, family challenges, or the weight of expectations you don’t have to figure it out on your own. I work with children, teens, and adults who want a safe space to share openly, feel supported, and start building healthier ways to cope and grow.
Whether you’re navigating stress, anxiety, family challenges, or the weight of expectations you don’t have to figure it out on your own. I work with children, teens, and adults who want a safe space to share openly, feel supported, and start building healthier ways to cope and grow.
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Photo of Veronica B Carranza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, CTMH
Veronica B Carranza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, CTMH
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome, I'm Veronica Carranza a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. You’re taking a big step toward your search for peace and stability. Facing emotional challenges like anxiety, stress, depression, or trauma can feel daunting, and you don’t have to navigate it alone. Together, we will work to foster empowerment, change and resilience in a safe and compassionate environment. I am dedicated to healing paths and wellbeing. My goal is to provide personalized therapeutic care that is tailored to your specific needs, helping you navigate challenges. Let's begin...
Welcome, I'm Veronica Carranza a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. You’re taking a big step toward your search for peace and stability. Facing emotional challenges like anxiety, stress, depression, or trauma can feel daunting, and you don’t have to navigate it alone. Together, we will work to foster empowerment, change and resilience in a safe and compassionate environment. I am dedicated to healing paths and wellbeing. My goal is to provide personalized therapeutic care that is tailored to your specific needs, helping you navigate challenges. Let's begin...
(210) 899-5942 View (210) 899-5942
Photo of Liliana Jernigan - LJ Therapy Group, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
LJ Therapy Group
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78231
My ideal client is someone navigating a big life shift. They may feel stuck in a relationship, overwhelmed by anxiety, or unsure of who they are becoming. They want clarity, connection, and to feel like themselves again. In therapy, we explore what is beneath the surface, identify patterns, and build tools that support real change. If I am not the right fit, I have a trusted team of skilled bilingual therapists who offer the same thoughtful and personalized care. You do not have to do this alone.
My ideal client is someone navigating a big life shift. They may feel stuck in a relationship, overwhelmed by anxiety, or unsure of who they are becoming. They want clarity, connection, and to feel like themselves again. In therapy, we explore what is beneath the surface, identify patterns, and build tools that support real change. If I am not the right fit, I have a trusted team of skilled bilingual therapists who offer the same thoughtful and personalized care. You do not have to do this alone.
(830) 971-0951 View (830) 971-0951
Photo of Maribel Arias - Guiding Star Counseling & Wellness, PLLC , Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, NCC
Guiding Star Counseling & Wellness, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, NCC
3 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78228
Do you struggle with the impacts of trauma—anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, shutting down, or feeling disconnected from yourself—that affects your daily life, relationships, or sense of safety? Do you feel exhausted by trying to manage triggers or appear “fine” when you’re not? Many people feel uncertain about how to heal old wounds and move forward. At Guiding Star Counseling & Wellness, we help clients find clarity, stability, and a path toward feeling whole again.
Do you struggle with the impacts of trauma—anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, shutting down, or feeling disconnected from yourself—that affects your daily life, relationships, or sense of safety? Do you feel exhausted by trying to manage triggers or appear “fine” when you’re not? Many people feel uncertain about how to heal old wounds and move forward. At Guiding Star Counseling & Wellness, we help clients find clarity, stability, and a path toward feeling whole again.
(210) 699-7080 View (210) 699-7080
Photo of Melissa Friesenhahn, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR
Melissa Friesenhahn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR
San Antonio, TX 78258
It has been a privilege to assist children, adults, couples, & families in times of changes, uncertainty, adjustments, & struggles. Life throws us curves sometimes & we may feel stuck due to behaviors, influences, & circumstances. I would like to help assist you in a safe & therapeutic environment to provide some tools, support, coping & problem-solving skills in a nonjudgmental & caring atmosphere. In a counseling session, we will explore emotional & cognitive barriers, past & present relationships, & collaboratively devise therapy goals. There are many different reasons to seek counseling in all stages of your life.
It has been a privilege to assist children, adults, couples, & families in times of changes, uncertainty, adjustments, & struggles. Life throws us curves sometimes & we may feel stuck due to behaviors, influences, & circumstances. I would like to help assist you in a safe & therapeutic environment to provide some tools, support, coping & problem-solving skills in a nonjudgmental & caring atmosphere. In a counseling session, we will explore emotional & cognitive barriers, past & present relationships, & collaboratively devise therapy goals. There are many different reasons to seek counseling in all stages of your life.
(210) 526-0757 View (210) 526-0757
Photo of Luna Dreamer - Shelter in the Rain Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A
Shelter in the Rain Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A
Online Only
Affordable Telehealth Counseling, $40 no insurance needed! As of April 2026. Now accepting Minors (12/13+) and Couples $60. Intakes usually scheduled in 1-3 business days! I believe quality mental health care should be made affordable so that more people can get the help they need. My name is Luna Dreamer and I’m an LPC-Associate who specializes in working with the transgender, queer, disabled, and kink populations. I draw from my personal experience as a transgender woman, long time therapy client, and former social work experience to help others process trauma and manage symptoms of various serious mental health diagnosis.
Affordable Telehealth Counseling, $40 no insurance needed! As of April 2026. Now accepting Minors (12/13+) and Couples $60. Intakes usually scheduled in 1-3 business days! I believe quality mental health care should be made affordable so that more people can get the help they need. My name is Luna Dreamer and I’m an LPC-Associate who specializes in working with the transgender, queer, disabled, and kink populations. I draw from my personal experience as a transgender woman, long time therapy client, and former social work experience to help others process trauma and manage symptoms of various serious mental health diagnosis.
(210) 255-3939 View (210) 255-3939
Photo of Sydney Fowler, Licensed Professional Counselor, MT-BC, LPC
Sydney Fowler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MT-BC, LPC
Online Only
Hi! My name is Sydney Fowler and I am an EMDR-Trained Licensed Professional Counselor and Board-Certified Music Therapist based out of San Antonio, TX. I specialize in working with individuals healing from trauma and anxiety, as well as individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Hi! My name is Sydney Fowler and I am an EMDR-Trained Licensed Professional Counselor and Board-Certified Music Therapist based out of San Antonio, TX. I specialize in working with individuals healing from trauma and anxiety, as well as individuals with intellectual disabilities.
(210) 446-3960 View (210) 446-3960
Photo of Allison MacMaster, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Allison MacMaster
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
You may find yourself attempting to unlearn patterns you grew up with, exploring new values and beliefs, or untangling previous traumas that happened earlier in life all while trying to navigate family, friendships, relationships and career stress. Life is a lot. My goal is to help clients build capacity within themselves so that they feel confident to face life's biggest challenges. Therapy is not about stopping the bad stuff from happening, but becoming a person who can withstand hard moments and face them head on.
You may find yourself attempting to unlearn patterns you grew up with, exploring new values and beliefs, or untangling previous traumas that happened earlier in life all while trying to navigate family, friendships, relationships and career stress. Life is a lot. My goal is to help clients build capacity within themselves so that they feel confident to face life's biggest challenges. Therapy is not about stopping the bad stuff from happening, but becoming a person who can withstand hard moments and face them head on.
(830) 415-0646 View (830) 415-0646
Photo of Angela Denise Casanova, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, CCTMH
Angela Denise Casanova
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, CCTMH
3 Endorsed
Online Only
My role as your therapist is to provide an environment of safety, support, and growth. I am experienced in helping you understand where your issues originate from, and then working together in collaboration to make changes that will help you move forward.I am also an open-minded person and will provide a nonjudgmental atmosphere in which to confide in. I am certified as a Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional (CCATP) and a proud professional member of the International OCD Foundation as a provider (IOCDF.ORG). I am now licensed to provide treatment to clients in the states of Texas and Florida.
My role as your therapist is to provide an environment of safety, support, and growth. I am experienced in helping you understand where your issues originate from, and then working together in collaboration to make changes that will help you move forward.I am also an open-minded person and will provide a nonjudgmental atmosphere in which to confide in. I am certified as a Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional (CCATP) and a proud professional member of the International OCD Foundation as a provider (IOCDF.ORG). I am now licensed to provide treatment to clients in the states of Texas and Florida.
(210) 598-5031 View (210) 598-5031

See more therapy options for San Antonio

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Antonio, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in San Antonio, TX who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
70% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues
65% Stress
61% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
80% Cigna and Evernorth
78% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in San Antonio, TX see their clients

50% Online Only
50% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Antonio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.