Therapists in Fort Worth, TX

View neighborhoods in Fort Worth
Photo of LaToya Michelle Irving, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A
LaToya Michelle Irving
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A
1 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76107
You may feel overwhelmed, sad, depressed, anxious, etc. You want someone to listen to you without judgement; someone to empathize with you, an unbiased person who genuinely cares about your feelings.
You may feel overwhelmed, sad, depressed, anxious, etc. You want someone to listen to you without judgement; someone to empathize with you, an unbiased person who genuinely cares about your feelings.
(817) 532-6899 View (817) 532-6899
Photo of Jasmine N Flippin, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Jasmine N Flippin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
In this life, we face so many unprecedented events that can make us feel like we cannot catch a breath. No matter how young or old one may be, it can be quite challenging to build resiliency and sustain hope as you persevere through your life's journey. My goal is to help shift your perspective through genuine connection, so you can overcome whatever battle you are facing. I whole-heartedly believe there is no depression, anxiety, trauma, life-change, or addiction that cannot be controlled and re-directed. We all have a purpose that is much greater than our pain, and we all have the power to shift the trajectory in our lives.
In this life, we face so many unprecedented events that can make us feel like we cannot catch a breath. No matter how young or old one may be, it can be quite challenging to build resiliency and sustain hope as you persevere through your life's journey. My goal is to help shift your perspective through genuine connection, so you can overcome whatever battle you are facing. I whole-heartedly believe there is no depression, anxiety, trauma, life-change, or addiction that cannot be controlled and re-directed. We all have a purpose that is much greater than our pain, and we all have the power to shift the trajectory in our lives.
(817) 396-7771 View (817) 396-7771
Photo of Niels Falk, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Niels Falk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
1 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76137
I work with individuals and couples facing problems that they do not fully understand right now. Your solutions have most likely helped in some way. Your solutions now may be running out of steam and motivation. Whether it is hard life transitions, autism affirming care, medical/physical changes, addiction, relationship conflicts, or unsure how to address anger/aggression. I have lived experience, training, and use a collaborative effort from the CCFAM practice to help. People wanting to find a new way to cope, a long lasting change, and transitioning from a fixed to a growth mindset.
I work with individuals and couples facing problems that they do not fully understand right now. Your solutions have most likely helped in some way. Your solutions now may be running out of steam and motivation. Whether it is hard life transitions, autism affirming care, medical/physical changes, addiction, relationship conflicts, or unsure how to address anger/aggression. I have lived experience, training, and use a collaborative effort from the CCFAM practice to help. People wanting to find a new way to cope, a long lasting change, and transitioning from a fixed to a growth mindset.
(682) 281-5351 View (682) 281-5351
Photo of Bessie Ann Christenson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MAMFC, LPC-S
Bessie Ann Christenson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAMFC, LPC-S
2 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76116
I am a dedicated counselor passionate about supporting individuals through overwhelming and challenging experiences. Whether you're exploring counseling for the first time, feeling like something isn’t quite right, or uncertain about your next step, you are here for a reason. Together, we will set meaningful goals, recognize your strengths, and work toward healing. I will help you navigate personal and relational challenges, empowering you to build a healthier relationship with yourself and others. Brainspotting is one of my favorite therapy techniques to help you rapidly clear trauma and expand on your highest possiblities.
I am a dedicated counselor passionate about supporting individuals through overwhelming and challenging experiences. Whether you're exploring counseling for the first time, feeling like something isn’t quite right, or uncertain about your next step, you are here for a reason. Together, we will set meaningful goals, recognize your strengths, and work toward healing. I will help you navigate personal and relational challenges, empowering you to build a healthier relationship with yourself and others. Brainspotting is one of my favorite therapy techniques to help you rapidly clear trauma and expand on your highest possiblities.
(817) 767-4106 View (817) 767-4106
Photo of Bob Groff, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, EMDR, IFS
Bob Groff
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, EMDR, IFS
9 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76107
I provide therapy to individuals, couples, and groups as we work together to free ourselves from the struggles and suffering that keep us from living our life to the fullest. At times our lives can feel unmanageable. Trauma, depression, anxiety, relationship problems, unhealthy cycles, addictions, and other areas of our mental health can keep us stuck and unable to move forward freely. We start to lose sight of the light at the end of the tunnel of our suffering. I am here to walk alongside you as we move toward that light. Through counseling, these issues can be addressed and freedom is possible as we work together!
I provide therapy to individuals, couples, and groups as we work together to free ourselves from the struggles and suffering that keep us from living our life to the fullest. At times our lives can feel unmanageable. Trauma, depression, anxiety, relationship problems, unhealthy cycles, addictions, and other areas of our mental health can keep us stuck and unable to move forward freely. We start to lose sight of the light at the end of the tunnel of our suffering. I am here to walk alongside you as we move toward that light. Through counseling, these issues can be addressed and freedom is possible as we work together!
(682) 257-3715 View (682) 257-3715
Photo of Elizabeth Speights, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
Elizabeth Speights
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
3 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76179
Accepting new clients. Evening appointments and telehealth are available. You might feel like you and your partner are drifting apart, caught in the same arguments, or struggling to reconnect. Maybe you’re worried about your teen pulling away or your younger kids acting out after big changes like a move or divorce. You might be wrestling with anxiety, depression, or old wounds that keep resurfacing. I work with people and families who are ready to get unstuck and build stronger, more authentic connections. Together, we focus on honest conversations, practical strategies, and deep healing. I'm proud of you for taking this first step.
Accepting new clients. Evening appointments and telehealth are available. You might feel like you and your partner are drifting apart, caught in the same arguments, or struggling to reconnect. Maybe you’re worried about your teen pulling away or your younger kids acting out after big changes like a move or divorce. You might be wrestling with anxiety, depression, or old wounds that keep resurfacing. I work with people and families who are ready to get unstuck and build stronger, more authentic connections. Together, we focus on honest conversations, practical strategies, and deep healing. I'm proud of you for taking this first step.
(682) 243-3257 View (682) 243-3257
Photo of Mitch John Gray - Mitch J Gray - LifeSquared Counseling & Consulting, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDC, MS
Mitch J Gray - LifeSquared Counseling & Consulting
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDC, MS
2 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76111
ACCEPTING REFERRALS AND CLIENTS.Today's pressures are different than they used to be. Technology, social media, employment demands, corporate climbing, home, lifestyles & substances present new and different challenges. If you're struggling or stuck in some of these, let's work together to get you unstuck! Life comes at us fast, and we often find ourselves as passengers instead of drivers. I believe that successfully navigating life's challenges is driven by the choices you make and the perspectives you have.
ACCEPTING REFERRALS AND CLIENTS.Today's pressures are different than they used to be. Technology, social media, employment demands, corporate climbing, home, lifestyles & substances present new and different challenges. If you're struggling or stuck in some of these, let's work together to get you unstuck! Life comes at us fast, and we often find ourselves as passengers instead of drivers. I believe that successfully navigating life's challenges is driven by the choices you make and the perspectives you have.
(682) 301-4126 View (682) 301-4126
Photo of Emily Clark, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-S
Emily Clark
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-S
2 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76107
I provide a non-judgmental, supportive environment based on your needs. I seek to understand your concerns for yourself or your relationship through the use of evidence-based practice and building trust and respect in the therapy practice. Therapy is a partnership where I have learned many skills, but you are the person who knows yourself the best. Growth is built on honesty and transparency and we will use strategies and techniques that assist in healing and clarity within yourself and with each other if you are working with a partner. You may feel isolated or alone or may be struggling. I am here to help.
I provide a non-judgmental, supportive environment based on your needs. I seek to understand your concerns for yourself or your relationship through the use of evidence-based practice and building trust and respect in the therapy practice. Therapy is a partnership where I have learned many skills, but you are the person who knows yourself the best. Growth is built on honesty and transparency and we will use strategies and techniques that assist in healing and clarity within yourself and with each other if you are working with a partner. You may feel isolated or alone or may be struggling. I am here to help.
(817) 241-3869 View (817) 241-3869
Photo of David Trice, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
David Trice
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Fort Worth, TX 76244
People in our society are struggling with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, financial issues, and troubled relationships. We get stuck in negative thoughts, negative emotions, and negative behaviors that create difficult and sometimes catastrophic consequences. We need help overcoming these negative situations so that we can feel better about who we are and where we are going in life.
People in our society are struggling with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, financial issues, and troubled relationships. We get stuck in negative thoughts, negative emotions, and negative behaviors that create difficult and sometimes catastrophic consequences. We need help overcoming these negative situations so that we can feel better about who we are and where we are going in life.
(817) 984-5817 View (817) 984-5817
Photo of candace graves, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
candace graves
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Online Only
My ideal client is an adult who feels overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or stuck despite doing their best to manage daily life. They may be struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, or co-occurring substance use concerns. Often, they appear high-functioning on the outside but feel disconnected, exhausted, or unsure of how to move forward. What they want most is relief, clarity, and a sense of balance—along with tools to better understand themselves and regain control over their emotional well- being.
My ideal client is an adult who feels overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or stuck despite doing their best to manage daily life. They may be struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, or co-occurring substance use concerns. Often, they appear high-functioning on the outside but feel disconnected, exhausted, or unsure of how to move forward. What they want most is relief, clarity, and a sense of balance—along with tools to better understand themselves and regain control over their emotional well- being.
(346) 597-2213 View (346) 597-2213
Photo of Victoria Scarborough, Licensed Professional Counselor, MPS, ATR-BC, LPC-AT, CEDS
Victoria Scarborough
Licensed Professional Counselor, MPS, ATR-BC, LPC-AT, CEDS
Online Only
I help older adolescents and adults navigate some of life’s toughest chapters. Whether you’re a teen struggling with self-esteem, a new parent feeling overwhelmed, facing anxiety, or someone working through recovery from an eating disorder or medical challenge. With experience across the life span, including chemotherapy suites, pre- and postpartum units, and inpatient and outpatient eating disorder programs. I bring deep compassion, specialized expertise, and a flexible, down-to-earth approach.
I help older adolescents and adults navigate some of life’s toughest chapters. Whether you’re a teen struggling with self-esteem, a new parent feeling overwhelmed, facing anxiety, or someone working through recovery from an eating disorder or medical challenge. With experience across the life span, including chemotherapy suites, pre- and postpartum units, and inpatient and outpatient eating disorder programs. I bring deep compassion, specialized expertise, and a flexible, down-to-earth approach.
(817) 968-3902 View (817) 968-3902
Photo of Angelica Loeravasquez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Angelica Loeravasquez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I believe healing begins with connection. My approach is compassionate, collaborative, and client-centered, meeting each individual where they are and honoring their unique experiences. I strive to help clients build insight, develop coping skills, and move toward meaningful growth at a pace that feels right for them.
I believe healing begins with connection. My approach is compassionate, collaborative, and client-centered, meeting each individual where they are and honoring their unique experiences. I strive to help clients build insight, develop coping skills, and move toward meaningful growth at a pace that feels right for them.
(817) 518-0891 View (817) 518-0891
Photo of Dr. Claudia Viazzoli - Claudia Viazzoli PsyD PLLC, Psychologist, PsyD
Claudia Viazzoli PsyD PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Fort Worth, TX 76109
Welcome. I am a licensed clinical psychologist practicing psychotherapy since 2004. My 20 years of experience working in a large medical training center and in private practice has given me the well rounded perspective to help people from all walks and stages of life, who are suffering from the hardships of daily living, the symptoms of mental or physical illness or are living with and loving someone who is.
Welcome. I am a licensed clinical psychologist practicing psychotherapy since 2004. My 20 years of experience working in a large medical training center and in private practice has given me the well rounded perspective to help people from all walks and stages of life, who are suffering from the hardships of daily living, the symptoms of mental or physical illness or are living with and loving someone who is.
(817) 373-5759 View (817) 373-5759
Photo of Courtney Callaway Ball, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Courtney Callaway Ball
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Fort Worth, TX 76104
I believe that each individual is capable of harnessing their own inner strengths to overcome various obstacles and life stressors. We will explore your current resources and work together to strengthen those, as well as, create new resources. My approach entails empowering you along your journey of insight and growth. Through collaboration and rapport, we can redefine your sense of self and shift from a place of surviving to thriving. Furthermore, I can utilize traditional talk-therapy, psychotherapeutic yoga, as well as, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR).
I believe that each individual is capable of harnessing their own inner strengths to overcome various obstacles and life stressors. We will explore your current resources and work together to strengthen those, as well as, create new resources. My approach entails empowering you along your journey of insight and growth. Through collaboration and rapport, we can redefine your sense of self and shift from a place of surviving to thriving. Furthermore, I can utilize traditional talk-therapy, psychotherapeutic yoga, as well as, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR).
(214) 242-6495 View (214) 242-6495
Photo of Kevin Skinner, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Kevin Skinner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My clients are commonly those navigating a variety of life transitions, pursuing personal growth, or are desiring help in beginning to effect change in their lives. They often face challenges such as anxiety, stress, self-doubt, depression, low self-esteem, and trauma. There is a further need to have a space that provides felt-safety, lacking in negative judgements where they are more comfortable to explore feelings and develop coping strategies. My clients typically have a desire to build resilience, enhance their self-awareness, and achieve a greater sense of balance.
My clients are commonly those navigating a variety of life transitions, pursuing personal growth, or are desiring help in beginning to effect change in their lives. They often face challenges such as anxiety, stress, self-doubt, depression, low self-esteem, and trauma. There is a further need to have a space that provides felt-safety, lacking in negative judgements where they are more comfortable to explore feelings and develop coping strategies. My clients typically have a desire to build resilience, enhance their self-awareness, and achieve a greater sense of balance.
(817) 242-6674 View (817) 242-6674
Photo of Chelsea R Jaubert, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
Chelsea R Jaubert
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
2 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76102
Would you like to see improvements in your relationships? Do you find it challenging to make friends? Are you dealing with past trauma that is interfering with your current relationships? I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist Associate and am EMDR trained. I work with people to help them understand themselves, those around them, and their relationships. I use a collaborative approach to foster client autonomy, so clients can develop skills in assertiveness, meaningful communication, and boundary setting while acknowledging strengths. My goal is to help clients develop skills they can use in various environments.
Would you like to see improvements in your relationships? Do you find it challenging to make friends? Are you dealing with past trauma that is interfering with your current relationships? I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist Associate and am EMDR trained. I work with people to help them understand themselves, those around them, and their relationships. I use a collaborative approach to foster client autonomy, so clients can develop skills in assertiveness, meaningful communication, and boundary setting while acknowledging strengths. My goal is to help clients develop skills they can use in various environments.
(817) 242-2286 View (817) 242-2286
Photo of Melodie Malone, MEd, LPC, NCC
Melodie Malone
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I work with individuals of all ages who may be carrying heavy burdens and aren’t quite sure what to do with them. These challenges might come from childhood trauma, anxiety, or major life transitions that can gradually wear down self-esteem and confidence. In our work together, my goal is to create a safe and supportive space where you feel heard, understood, and empowered. Together, we’ll build a collaborative plan that is tailored to your unique needs. Plus, we make sure this plan is both measurable and achievable, so you can move toward lasting growth, healing, and a renewed sense of well-being/purpose!
I work with individuals of all ages who may be carrying heavy burdens and aren’t quite sure what to do with them. These challenges might come from childhood trauma, anxiety, or major life transitions that can gradually wear down self-esteem and confidence. In our work together, my goal is to create a safe and supportive space where you feel heard, understood, and empowered. Together, we’ll build a collaborative plan that is tailored to your unique needs. Plus, we make sure this plan is both measurable and achievable, so you can move toward lasting growth, healing, and a renewed sense of well-being/purpose!
(817) 783-0272 View (817) 783-0272
Photo of Heather Irby - LiveBeyond Counseling & Coaching, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, LMFT-A, MS, LPC-A
LiveBeyond Counseling & Coaching, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, LMFT-A, MS, LPC-A
14 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76244
Now Accepting New Clients – We Answer the Phone! Struggling in your relationship? Worried about your teen? Overwhelmed by anxiety? It's okay. We’re here to help. Together, we can help Couples navigate conflict, Teens face school and peer challenges, and Adults overcome anxiety and past hurts. With availability in Keller, Fort Worth, Alliance, Southlake, and online. Most appointments are scheduled within a week. Life is tough, but you don’t have to face it alone. Click the Call or Email me buttons to start a conversation. From there we will answer any questions and get you scheduled within the week.
Now Accepting New Clients – We Answer the Phone! Struggling in your relationship? Worried about your teen? Overwhelmed by anxiety? It's okay. We’re here to help. Together, we can help Couples navigate conflict, Teens face school and peer challenges, and Adults overcome anxiety and past hurts. With availability in Keller, Fort Worth, Alliance, Southlake, and online. Most appointments are scheduled within a week. Life is tough, but you don’t have to face it alone. Click the Call or Email me buttons to start a conversation. From there we will answer any questions and get you scheduled within the week.
(817) 562-9145 View (817) 562-9145
Photo of Nathan Roberson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC
Nathan Roberson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76119
You have been doing your best to keep everything together, but lately it feels like life is holding you by the collar. Anxiety, stress, and old habits creep in no matter how many times you tell yourself to “just push through.” You might be carrying trauma that never really got resolved, or finding that the ways you’ve coped with pain in the past don’t work anymore. You want relief—something steadier than quick fixes—and you’re ready to start making real, lasting changes.
You have been doing your best to keep everything together, but lately it feels like life is holding you by the collar. Anxiety, stress, and old habits creep in no matter how many times you tell yourself to “just push through.” You might be carrying trauma that never really got resolved, or finding that the ways you’ve coped with pain in the past don’t work anymore. You want relief—something steadier than quick fixes—and you’re ready to start making real, lasting changes.
(803) 784-5884 View (803) 784-5884
Photo of Samuel C Salas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Samuel C Salas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Fort Worth, TX 76107
– Hi, I'm Sam! I’m a licensed Clinical social worker with a passion for working with People from adults to adolescents, supporting their mental health journeys. I’ve spent several years within our schools and facilitating group therapy in Intensive Outpatient (IOP) and Partial Hospitalization (PHP) programs, helping those navigate anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions.
– Hi, I'm Sam! I’m a licensed Clinical social worker with a passion for working with People from adults to adolescents, supporting their mental health journeys. I’ve spent several years within our schools and facilitating group therapy in Intensive Outpatient (IOP) and Partial Hospitalization (PHP) programs, helping those navigate anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions.
(817) 383-1832 View (817) 383-1832

See more therapy options for Fort Worth

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fort Worth, TX

1,000+

Average cost per session

$129

Therapists in Fort Worth, TX who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
63% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% Aetna
86% Cigna and Evernorth
81% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Fort Worth, TX see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fort Worth?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.