Photo of Mj Spahr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
Mj Spahr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCH
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
EMDR, is offered to clients suffering from major trauma including PTSD, combat experiences, accidents, and sudden death of a loved one.
Are you feeling stuck with any of the following: anxiety; depression; sadness; stress; grieving; anger; transitions;divorce and/or relationship struggles? Is anger management an issue you need help with? Are you doing something that is robbing you of experiencing true happiness in your life? Have you tried numerous times to lose weight or quit smoking. If any of these resonate with you, than it is time to reclaim your peace of mind and live your life the way you deserve it. The therapeutic relationship including EMDR, and medical hypnosis can help you explore your needs and achieve your goals.
EMDR, is offered to clients suffering from major trauma including PTSD, combat experiences, accidents, and sudden death of a loved one.
Are you feeling stuck with any of the following: anxiety; depression; sadness; stress; grieving; anger; transitions;divorce and/or relationship struggles? Is anger management an issue you need help with? Are you doing something that is robbing you of experiencing true happiness in your life? Have you tried numerous times to lose weight or quit smoking. If any of these resonate with you, than it is time to reclaim your peace of mind and live your life the way you deserve it. The therapeutic relationship including EMDR, and medical hypnosis can help you explore your needs and achieve your goals.
(717) 473-4517 View (717) 473-4517
Photo of Holly Hartman Counseling Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
Holly Hartman Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
As a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, I specialize in providing treatment for healing from all forms of trauma, abuse and neglect.
Welcome. Thanks for visiting. I am a caring, compassionate, understanding, and strengths-based therapist whose mission is to provide high quality services that empower people to live more meaningful, fulfilling and satisfying lives. I believe that no one should have to settle for less than all of the richness that life has to offer them. I'm passionate about helping people who are on a path of personal growth, discovery and change to achieve their goals. It would be my honor and privilege to partner with you in your endeavor to become more of who you really are.
As a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, I specialize in providing treatment for healing from all forms of trauma, abuse and neglect.
Welcome. Thanks for visiting. I am a caring, compassionate, understanding, and strengths-based therapist whose mission is to provide high quality services that empower people to live more meaningful, fulfilling and satisfying lives. I believe that no one should have to settle for less than all of the richness that life has to offer them. I'm passionate about helping people who are on a path of personal growth, discovery and change to achieve their goals. It would be my honor and privilege to partner with you in your endeavor to become more of who you really are.
(717) 500-2878 View (717) 500-2878
Photo of Dr. Kimberly Carlson, Psychologist in Hershey, PA
Dr. Kimberly Carlson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Hershey, PA 17033
Areas of expertise include anxiety, panic, depression, trauma, emotional dysregulation, personality disorders, and functional neurological symptom disorder including PNES.
"The wound is the place where the Light enters you." - Rumi - My goal is to provide individualized and compassionate services to empower others and guide them along the path of healing. I am integrative in my approach and tailor treatment to the specific and varied needs and preferences of my clients. I will work with you to improve your mood, solve problems, manage anxiety, and resolve negative experiences from your past so you can live a healthy and gratifying life!
Areas of expertise include anxiety, panic, depression, trauma, emotional dysregulation, personality disorders, and functional neurological symptom disorder including PNES.
"The wound is the place where the Light enters you." - Rumi - My goal is to provide individualized and compassionate services to empower others and guide them along the path of healing. I am integrative in my approach and tailor treatment to the specific and varied needs and preferences of my clients. I will work with you to improve your mood, solve problems, manage anxiety, and resolve negative experiences from your past so you can live a healthy and gratifying life!
(717) 606-2727 View (717) 606-2727
Photo of Joseph Yaskin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
Joseph Yaskin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
I am known for providing effective, evidence-based treatment for trauma, unhealthy stress, anxiety, and related challenges.
I enjoy working with people in challenging transitions, who struggle with loss or suffering, or who want to overcome a vulnerability. My style is warm and collaborative. Let's talk about how I can help you achieve growth, meaningful change, and relief from distress. Each of us has, inside, the ability to heal and transform. You can focus these inner resources to move your life forward. The good news is that it's all right there, inside you.
I am known for providing effective, evidence-based treatment for trauma, unhealthy stress, anxiety, and related challenges.
I enjoy working with people in challenging transitions, who struggle with loss or suffering, or who want to overcome a vulnerability. My style is warm and collaborative. Let's talk about how I can help you achieve growth, meaningful change, and relief from distress. Each of us has, inside, the ability to heal and transform. You can focus these inner resources to move your life forward. The good news is that it's all right there, inside you.
(484) 429-9705 View (484) 429-9705
Photo of Sara Czuchnicki, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Sara Czuchnicki
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
My approach is rooted in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness based techniques, with a specialty in play therapy and trauma-focused therapy.
Finding a connection, a support, and someone you can trust, is the most important element of therapeutic success. My goal is to create an environment where you feel free to express your thoughts and feelings in an atmosphere of unconditional positive regard and in confidence.
My approach is rooted in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness based techniques, with a specialty in play therapy and trauma-focused therapy.
Finding a connection, a support, and someone you can trust, is the most important element of therapeutic success. My goal is to create an environment where you feel free to express your thoughts and feelings in an atmosphere of unconditional positive regard and in confidence.
(717) 500-2171 View (717) 500-2171
Photo of Kelly Ozelski LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Hershey, PA
Kelly Ozelski LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hershey, PA 17033
Waitlist for new clients
I work with those who are struggling with basic life skills and needs, to more complex and difficult abuse or trauma history.
Thank you for considering working with me as your therapist. Whom ever you decide to choose I wish you comfort and growth in your life. I am open and curious to work with a wide variety of clients and situations. I work hard to collaborate with every person that comes to me for support. My desire is to creatively and competently explore the issues that create unbalance and difficulty in your life, and help you develop the awareness and skills to address and honor these areas of conflict and tension.
I work with those who are struggling with basic life skills and needs, to more complex and difficult abuse or trauma history.
Thank you for considering working with me as your therapist. Whom ever you decide to choose I wish you comfort and growth in your life. I am open and curious to work with a wide variety of clients and situations. I work hard to collaborate with every person that comes to me for support. My desire is to creatively and competently explore the issues that create unbalance and difficulty in your life, and help you develop the awareness and skills to address and honor these areas of conflict and tension.
(877) 731-2504 View (877) 731-2504
Photo of Mountain View Counseling LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Mountain View Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, C-DBT, CCTPII, ADHD-CC
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania. I am certified in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and ADHD. I am also a Level Two Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. Gender Affirming Care is also an offered. I utilize a client-centered approach to create a supportive, nonjudgmental, and individualized experience from the initial intake until discharge. I work with ages 14+. Offering virtual and in-person visits. My treatment philosophy is to provide individualized treatment and clinical services that will aid the individual in accomplishing individualized treatment goals and developing a Life Worth Living.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania. I am certified in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and ADHD. I am also a Level Two Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. Gender Affirming Care is also an offered. I utilize a client-centered approach to create a supportive, nonjudgmental, and individualized experience from the initial intake until discharge. I work with ages 14+. Offering virtual and in-person visits. My treatment philosophy is to provide individualized treatment and clinical services that will aid the individual in accomplishing individualized treatment goals and developing a Life Worth Living.
(717) 537-9569 View (717) 537-9569
Photo of Betsy Earnest, LPC LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Betsy Earnest, LPC LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033  (Online Only)
With over 18 years of training and experience in trauma-based, cognitive/behavioral, EMDR, mindfulness and play therapies, I select the best treatment for my clients.
Are feelings of anxiety or self-doubt keeping you from enjoying life? Do you feel your relationships could be better? No matter how stuck you may feel, together we can uncover the obstacles that stand in your way and find your inner strength to make the changes you desire.
With over 18 years of training and experience in trauma-based, cognitive/behavioral, EMDR, mindfulness and play therapies, I select the best treatment for my clients.
Are feelings of anxiety or self-doubt keeping you from enjoying life? Do you feel your relationships could be better? No matter how stuck you may feel, together we can uncover the obstacles that stand in your way and find your inner strength to make the changes you desire.
(717) 229-1325 View (717) 229-1325
Photo of The Anxiety & OCD Treatment Center of Central PA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
The Anxiety & OCD Treatment Center of Central PA
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hershey, PA 17033
Our specialized experience in the treatment of children, adolescents, and adults with anxiety disorders, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD, BFRBs, and specific phobias will help you meet your goals and improve your life. We can also help with other life issues. Our approach to treatment involves collaborative goal-setting with clients to determine areas for intervention and the use of evidence-based treatment methods tailored to each individual. We provide in-office, in-home services, intensive outpatient OCD treatment, group, and virtual sessions.
Our specialized experience in the treatment of children, adolescents, and adults with anxiety disorders, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD, BFRBs, and specific phobias will help you meet your goals and improve your life. We can also help with other life issues. Our approach to treatment involves collaborative goal-setting with clients to determine areas for intervention and the use of evidence-based treatment methods tailored to each individual. We provide in-office, in-home services, intensive outpatient OCD treatment, group, and virtual sessions.
(717) 647-5270 View (717) 647-5270
Photo of Melinda Stupar Fedoris, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Melinda Stupar Fedoris
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Hershey, PA 17033  (Online Only)
The scope of my practice encompasses treating those who experience Anxiety, Negative Beliefs about Self (worth, responsibility, power, choice, etc), Trauma, Body Image and Diet Culture, Life Stress, and Grief. Life can sometimes take hold of us and we feel like we have lost our grasp, I work to help those get a better hold on things again. My focus is on helping you find ways to heal and feel whole again. We often have a lot of unpacking we have to do to heal and feel lighter to move forward. I like to intertwine humor into the treatment experience.
The scope of my practice encompasses treating those who experience Anxiety, Negative Beliefs about Self (worth, responsibility, power, choice, etc), Trauma, Body Image and Diet Culture, Life Stress, and Grief. Life can sometimes take hold of us and we feel like we have lost our grasp, I work to help those get a better hold on things again. My focus is on helping you find ways to heal and feel whole again. We often have a lot of unpacking we have to do to heal and feel lighter to move forward. I like to intertwine humor into the treatment experience.
(412) 754-7758 View (412) 754-7758
Photo of Michelle Hurtt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Michelle Hurtt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
Hi! I'm Michelle Hurtt, a seasoned Licensed Professional Counselor based in Pennsylvania with over 16 years of experience in the mental health domain.I hold the title of Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP), continually advancing my understanding of trauma. My passion lies in supporting women who have endured trauma, particularly survivors of sexual trauma, childhood sexual abuse, and domestic violence. Additionally, I specialize in addressing various behavioral health concerns such as anxiety, low self-esteem, low self-confidence, grief, and PTSD.
Hi! I'm Michelle Hurtt, a seasoned Licensed Professional Counselor based in Pennsylvania with over 16 years of experience in the mental health domain.I hold the title of Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP), continually advancing my understanding of trauma. My passion lies in supporting women who have endured trauma, particularly survivors of sexual trauma, childhood sexual abuse, and domestic violence. Additionally, I specialize in addressing various behavioral health concerns such as anxiety, low self-esteem, low self-confidence, grief, and PTSD.
(215) 267-5719 View (215) 267-5719
Photo of Kathryn Nevin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
Kathryn Nevin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
Hello! I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
(267) 578-2884 View (267) 578-2884
Photo of The Family Wellness Center, Marriage & Family Therapist in Hershey, PA
The Family Wellness Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MATS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033  (Online Only)
Deborah specializes in Eating Disorders, Weight management, Trauma & PTSD, Mood Disorders, Behavioral Addictions, Codependency, Grief Counseling, Expressive Art Therapies, Nutrition Psychology and Marital & Family Therapy.
Deborah Coulston, MA, MATS, CIMHP, LMFT, is an experienced professional psychotherapist, marital and family therapist, expressive arts therapist, and pioneer in the field of nutrition psychology, integrative mental health and alternative health modalities. Ms. Coulston is well known for her work in the treatment field of eating disorders & weight management, and for her expertise in both childhood and adult trauma, as well as the field of behavioral addictions. As the owner of The Family Wellness Center, she brings a diversified background to the practice of expressive arts therapy, clinical counseling, & holistic psychotherapy.
Deborah specializes in Eating Disorders, Weight management, Trauma & PTSD, Mood Disorders, Behavioral Addictions, Codependency, Grief Counseling, Expressive Art Therapies, Nutrition Psychology and Marital & Family Therapy.
Deborah Coulston, MA, MATS, CIMHP, LMFT, is an experienced professional psychotherapist, marital and family therapist, expressive arts therapist, and pioneer in the field of nutrition psychology, integrative mental health and alternative health modalities. Ms. Coulston is well known for her work in the treatment field of eating disorders & weight management, and for her expertise in both childhood and adult trauma, as well as the field of behavioral addictions. As the owner of The Family Wellness Center, she brings a diversified background to the practice of expressive arts therapy, clinical counseling, & holistic psychotherapy.
(717) 229-0492 View (717) 229-0492
Photo of Kimberly Witt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
Kimberly Witt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
Hello! I'm glad you are here taking time to care for yourself. I work with adults feeling anxious, unlikable, worthless, and overwhelmed who are looking to create more balance, ease, and joy in their lives. I offer a safe space for introspection, expression, and developing self-understanding. Together, we will utilize your strengths and evidence-based techniques to cope with anxiety, process trauma, and improve your relationship with yourself.
Hello! I'm glad you are here taking time to care for yourself. I work with adults feeling anxious, unlikable, worthless, and overwhelmed who are looking to create more balance, ease, and joy in their lives. I offer a safe space for introspection, expression, and developing self-understanding. Together, we will utilize your strengths and evidence-based techniques to cope with anxiety, process trauma, and improve your relationship with yourself.
(223) 210-7434 View (223) 210-7434
Photo of Catherine Fitzgibbons, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Catherine Fitzgibbons
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, EMDR, CCTP-II, Gottman
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hershey, PA 17033  (Online Only)
I work with individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, grief, depression, life transitions, parenting, and trauma.
Are you feeling alone or overwhelmed? Sometimes finding a neutral and healthy space to process things can make all the difference and help you find your emotional and mental balance. I am here to work with you as you reach for the life you want to live.
I work with individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, grief, depression, life transitions, parenting, and trauma.
Are you feeling alone or overwhelmed? Sometimes finding a neutral and healthy space to process things can make all the difference and help you find your emotional and mental balance. I am here to work with you as you reach for the life you want to live.
(717) 229-0348 View (717) 229-0348
Photo of Aileen Beaver, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
Aileen Beaver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
I offer therapy to teens, young adults, and adults living with mental health concerns such as stress, depression and anxiety, life transitions, relationship issues, family struggles, trauma, and PTSD.
I offer therapy to teens, young adults, and adults living with mental health concerns such as stress, depression and anxiety, life transitions, relationship issues, family struggles, trauma, and PTSD.
(717) 328-8826 View (717) 328-8826
Photo of Kristin Tosi, Psychologist in Hershey, PA
Kristin Tosi
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
I have expertise with individuals and couples and have completed specialized training in Integrated Behavioral Couples Therapy, Cognitive Processing Therapy (for Trauma) and psychodynamic therapy.
Life can be hectic, our past can haunt us, and our future can be overwhelming, but therapy provides space for understanding, connection, and communication. It's an opportunity to look at ourselves, our relationships, and our feelings without judgement and allow ourselves to feel compassion, in order to grow. I believe that it's important to live life in the moment, but that we can only truly understand ourselves by reflecting back. My integrative approach guides you in this self-reflection because understanding our family, our feelings and our needs fosters a healthier sense of self and helps us build satisfying relationships.
I have expertise with individuals and couples and have completed specialized training in Integrated Behavioral Couples Therapy, Cognitive Processing Therapy (for Trauma) and psychodynamic therapy.
Life can be hectic, our past can haunt us, and our future can be overwhelming, but therapy provides space for understanding, connection, and communication. It's an opportunity to look at ourselves, our relationships, and our feelings without judgement and allow ourselves to feel compassion, in order to grow. I believe that it's important to live life in the moment, but that we can only truly understand ourselves by reflecting back. My integrative approach guides you in this self-reflection because understanding our family, our feelings and our needs fosters a healthier sense of self and helps us build satisfying relationships.
(717) 606-2727 View (717) 606-2727
Photo of Marsha Quinlan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Marsha Quinlan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC, SAP
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033  (Online Only)
I have received specialized training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
I care about you and want to help! I am a licensed professional counselor and nationally certified counselor who has experience counseling individuals coping with a variety of life challenges. Some of my areas of focus include: Addiction, adolescence, anxiety, depression, geriatrics, infertility, life transition, loss and grief, physical disability, self esteem, and trauma.
I have received specialized training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
I care about you and want to help! I am a licensed professional counselor and nationally certified counselor who has experience counseling individuals coping with a variety of life challenges. Some of my areas of focus include: Addiction, adolescence, anxiety, depression, geriatrics, infertility, life transition, loss and grief, physical disability, self esteem, and trauma.
(717) 850-4125 View (717) 850-4125
Photo of Stephen Michael Schuch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hershey, PA
Stephen Michael Schuch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033
With over 30 years of clinical practice, extensive continuing education, and an emphasis on what works rather than on what’s wrong, I tailor my approach to the specific needs of each individual, couple, family, and group for whom I provide service. Using proven methods, I am able to offer, among others, supportive, interactional, brief problem-solving, cognitive-behavioral, including trauma focused cognitive-behavioral, and relational psychotherapies. Common themes among my clients are concerns related to relationship difficulties, bereavement, mood disorders including depression, anxiety, childhood behavioral problems, eating disorders, compulsive and additive behaviors, and difficulties related to specific life circumstances.
With over 30 years of clinical practice, extensive continuing education, and an emphasis on what works rather than on what’s wrong, I tailor my approach to the specific needs of each individual, couple, family, and group for whom I provide service. Using proven methods, I am able to offer, among others, supportive, interactional, brief problem-solving, cognitive-behavioral, including trauma focused cognitive-behavioral, and relational psychotherapies. Common themes among my clients are concerns related to relationship difficulties, bereavement, mood disorders including depression, anxiety, childhood behavioral problems, eating disorders, compulsive and additive behaviors, and difficulties related to specific life circumstances.
(717) 229-7295 View (717) 229-7295
Photo of Danielle Hammitt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hershey, PA
Danielle Hammitt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Hershey, PA 17033  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I recognize the individuality of each person & the importance of tailoring skills to fit your unique needs. Utilizing a solution-focused approach, I delve into underlying causes to alleviate symptoms of trauma & maladaptive thought patterns while fostering healthy coping mechanisms. I obtained my education from California University of Pennsylvania, with a minor in music. Whether you're grappling with depression, anxiety, anger, hopelessness, PTSD, or adjusting to life's hurdles, I'm here to support you.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I recognize the individuality of each person & the importance of tailoring skills to fit your unique needs. Utilizing a solution-focused approach, I delve into underlying causes to alleviate symptoms of trauma & maladaptive thought patterns while fostering healthy coping mechanisms. I obtained my education from California University of Pennsylvania, with a minor in music. Whether you're grappling with depression, anxiety, anger, hopelessness, PTSD, or adjusting to life's hurdles, I'm here to support you.
(267) 682-7999 View (267) 682-7999
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.