Trauma and PTSD Therapists in 94612

Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(415) 612-3556 View (415) 612-3556
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 475-0984 View (415) 475-0984
Photo of Susan VanAllen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 94612, CA
Susan VanAllen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My areas of proficiency are in the treatment of trauma, anxiety, and panic. I am EMDR certified, RLT certified (a form of cognitive behavioral therapy), and have extensive success applying the use of cognitive processing therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, as well as in supporting clients to learn extensive resourcing skills in concert with polyvagal theory for calming a client’s stressed nervous system.
My areas of proficiency are in the treatment of trauma, anxiety, and panic. I am EMDR certified, RLT certified (a form of cognitive behavioral therapy), and have extensive success applying the use of cognitive processing therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, as well as in supporting clients to learn extensive resourcing skills in concert with polyvagal theory for calming a client’s stressed nervous system.
(310) 742-1294 View (310) 742-1294
Photo of Irma Y Romero, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 94612, CA
Irma Y Romero
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
I am passionate and committed to working with clients interested in changing their life circumstances. I possess an expertise in the fields of Domestic Violence and Child Welfare. But, also specialize in working with individuals experiencing Anxiety, Depression, Gambling Problems, and or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. I believe it is my purpose to support you in a non-judgemental manner as you undergo a metamorphic shift and make sense of your life. As both a native English and Spanish speaker, I am able to comfortably communicate with individuals who may otherwise be bound by language or cultural barriers.
I am passionate and committed to working with clients interested in changing their life circumstances. I possess an expertise in the fields of Domestic Violence and Child Welfare. But, also specialize in working with individuals experiencing Anxiety, Depression, Gambling Problems, and or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. I believe it is my purpose to support you in a non-judgemental manner as you undergo a metamorphic shift and make sense of your life. As both a native English and Spanish speaker, I am able to comfortably communicate with individuals who may otherwise be bound by language or cultural barriers.
(510) 592-5320 View (510) 592-5320
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(415) 650-5245 View (415) 650-5245
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(415) 484-0997 View (415) 484-0997
Photo of Maria Jeffery, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 94612, CA
Maria Jeffery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I utilize a person-centered approach tailored to the unique needs of the individual client. I am dedicated to addressing life transitions, trauma, and maladaptive communication patterns to re-activate resilience by creating a warm, non-judgmental, attentive and safe space to process and develop healthy skillsets to promote healing.
I utilize a person-centered approach tailored to the unique needs of the individual client. I am dedicated to addressing life transitions, trauma, and maladaptive communication patterns to re-activate resilience by creating a warm, non-judgmental, attentive and safe space to process and develop healthy skillsets to promote healing.
(510) 945-3635 View (510) 945-3635
Photo of Vincenza Jamie Baldino, Marriage & Family Therapist in 94612, CA
Vincenza Jamie Baldino
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Specialties include: trauma, addictions, self identity, grief and loss and mood and anxiety disorders; work transitions and long distant relationship.
My work is guided by the tenet, Life is Relationship. If we can trust our stories to a therapist, that therapeutic relationship can transform us. Self-acceptance, and calm return. I listen compassionately to others to understand what is inhibiting their motivation and self-confidence. I consider lifestyle practices, relationships, use of substances; healthy and unhealthy habits, and one's sense of belonging. My clients and I together identify what helps them change. Some practices and tools I use to guide my work are: talk therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), mindfulness and stress management practices derived from Yogic philosophy and practices.
Specialties include: trauma, addictions, self identity, grief and loss and mood and anxiety disorders; work transitions and long distant relationship.
My work is guided by the tenet, Life is Relationship. If we can trust our stories to a therapist, that therapeutic relationship can transform us. Self-acceptance, and calm return. I listen compassionately to others to understand what is inhibiting their motivation and self-confidence. I consider lifestyle practices, relationships, use of substances; healthy and unhealthy habits, and one's sense of belonging. My clients and I together identify what helps them change. Some practices and tools I use to guide my work are: talk therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), mindfulness and stress management practices derived from Yogic philosophy and practices.
(510) 279-4427 View (510) 279-4427
Photo of Megan Kopriva, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 94612, CA
Megan Kopriva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, RYT, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
*ACCEPTING CALIFORNIA, ILLINOIS, AND MISSOURI CLIENTS* Come be seen & be known in a relational space with me, so that you can finally arrive home in yourself. Are you curious if you have experienced trauma, or if trauma may still be affecting you? Have you worked with many healers & still feel stuck in certain places? Have you experienced a spiritual awakening & need to integrate the experience(s)? If you answered 'yes' to any of these questions, then you may be in the right place. Trauma can express itself in PTSD & Complex PTSD symptoms, various types of depression & anxiety, & many other symptoms. Lets get to the root.
*ACCEPTING CALIFORNIA, ILLINOIS, AND MISSOURI CLIENTS* Come be seen & be known in a relational space with me, so that you can finally arrive home in yourself. Are you curious if you have experienced trauma, or if trauma may still be affecting you? Have you worked with many healers & still feel stuck in certain places? Have you experienced a spiritual awakening & need to integrate the experience(s)? If you answered 'yes' to any of these questions, then you may be in the right place. Trauma can express itself in PTSD & Complex PTSD symptoms, various types of depression & anxiety, & many other symptoms. Lets get to the root.
(341) 444-3409 View (341) 444-3409
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 943-1903 View (415) 943-1903
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 969-7850 View (415) 969-7850
Photo of Kelly Johnson, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Kelly Johnson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I work with adults who are seeking therapy for help recovering from trauma, struggling with feelings of depression or anxiety, experiencing difficulty with a new life transition, need help working through difficult relationship dynamics, or are seeking insight into early life experiences.
Therapy is a journey that has the power to heal and to help you become your most true self. My approach emphasizes the importance of the therapeutic relationship, which I believe is the primary mechanism for change. I believe we may work well together if you are interested in a relational experience and value an approach that focuses on connecting with and understanding emotional experiences. I work collaboratively with my clients to identify old patterns of relating to others that are no longer serving them and move towards new and healthier ways of being.
I work with adults who are seeking therapy for help recovering from trauma, struggling with feelings of depression or anxiety, experiencing difficulty with a new life transition, need help working through difficult relationship dynamics, or are seeking insight into early life experiences.
Therapy is a journey that has the power to heal and to help you become your most true self. My approach emphasizes the importance of the therapeutic relationship, which I believe is the primary mechanism for change. I believe we may work well together if you are interested in a relational experience and value an approach that focuses on connecting with and understanding emotional experiences. I work collaboratively with my clients to identify old patterns of relating to others that are no longer serving them and move towards new and healthier ways of being.
(415) 965-3406 View (415) 965-3406
Photo of Andrea H Subuyuj, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Andrea H Subuyuj
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
I have extensive experience working with survivors of trauma and those who present with depression and anxiety as well as with children and youth who struggle to communicate their challenges and frequently are seen as having behavior problems.
Hello and welcome! I’m a bilingual (English/ Spanish), bicultural clinical psychologist who has been providing therapy for the past 9 years. My private practice focuses on children, youth, and their families, in addition to individual adults. My approach to therapy is collaborative and informed by psychodynamic and systems theories. I have a deep respect for the unique persons my clients are, and their innate desire to heal, grow and to have meaningful relationships.
I have extensive experience working with survivors of trauma and those who present with depression and anxiety as well as with children and youth who struggle to communicate their challenges and frequently are seen as having behavior problems.
Hello and welcome! I’m a bilingual (English/ Spanish), bicultural clinical psychologist who has been providing therapy for the past 9 years. My private practice focuses on children, youth, and their families, in addition to individual adults. My approach to therapy is collaborative and informed by psychodynamic and systems theories. I have a deep respect for the unique persons my clients are, and their innate desire to heal, grow and to have meaningful relationships.
(415) 363-6285 View (415) 363-6285
Photo of Amanda Piasecki, Marriage & Family Therapist in 94612, CA
Amanda Piasecki
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I additionally offer clients my hard skills in anti-oppression work, advocacy, attachment theory, harm reduction, CBT, DBT, trauma-informed, and somatic therapies.
Through therapy, we can author and re-author life stories and personal mythologies in order to bring self-supporting realities into existence. I work collaboratively with clients, cultivating existing strengths and internal resources in order to foster relationships and life experiences that contribute to clients' recovery and wellbeing. When invited, and with respect, I’m honored to explore what makes clients who they are, and to support who they want to become.
I additionally offer clients my hard skills in anti-oppression work, advocacy, attachment theory, harm reduction, CBT, DBT, trauma-informed, and somatic therapies.
Through therapy, we can author and re-author life stories and personal mythologies in order to bring self-supporting realities into existence. I work collaboratively with clients, cultivating existing strengths and internal resources in order to foster relationships and life experiences that contribute to clients' recovery and wellbeing. When invited, and with respect, I’m honored to explore what makes clients who they are, and to support who they want to become.
(415) 938-7007 View (415) 938-7007
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(415) 449-5206 View (415) 449-5206
Photo of Logan Begneaud, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in 94612, CA
Logan Begneaud
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, APCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I have a background working with survivors of interpersonal violence & have a particular interest supporting clients working through adult/childhood trauma & relationship issues.
It takes a brave vulnerability to seek support and to begin understanding ourselves more deeply, but you don't have to do it alone. I believe that what matters most in this work is co-creating a therapeutic relationship based on trust & authenticity. Through undoing "aloneness." in experiencing emotional safety & the basic need of being seen & heard, we can begin to grow & heal. My approach is integrative & collaborative and involves connecting with your emotional & somatic experience as we explore your inner world and past/present life experiences & relationships in order to gain meaningful insight & understand yourself more fully.
I have a background working with survivors of interpersonal violence & have a particular interest supporting clients working through adult/childhood trauma & relationship issues.
It takes a brave vulnerability to seek support and to begin understanding ourselves more deeply, but you don't have to do it alone. I believe that what matters most in this work is co-creating a therapeutic relationship based on trust & authenticity. Through undoing "aloneness." in experiencing emotional safety & the basic need of being seen & heard, we can begin to grow & heal. My approach is integrative & collaborative and involves connecting with your emotional & somatic experience as we explore your inner world and past/present life experiences & relationships in order to gain meaningful insight & understand yourself more fully.
(415) 915-9561 View (415) 915-9561
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(415) 941-3083 View (415) 941-3083
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in 94612, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Relationship and sexual concerns, couples therapy, anxiety, addiction, trauma, eating disorders, stress management, insomnia, women's issues, creativity, LGBTQ- welcome.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(415) 903-4894 View (415) 903-4894
Photo of Rosa Wilcox, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 94612, CA
Rosa Wilcox, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Thank you for visiting my page. My therapeutic style provides a warm, nonjudgmental, environment that meets clients where they are at. As we work together clients are able to examine their goals, problem solve, increase positive coping skills and improve their lives. I specialize in working with anxiety disorders, depression, and substance abuse. I have a great deal of experience with clients who have lived through loss and/or trauma.
Thank you for visiting my page. My therapeutic style provides a warm, nonjudgmental, environment that meets clients where they are at. As we work together clients are able to examine their goals, problem solve, increase positive coping skills and improve their lives. I specialize in working with anxiety disorders, depression, and substance abuse. I have a great deal of experience with clients who have lived through loss and/or trauma.
(415) 801-8153 View (415) 801-8153
Photo of Karen Lau, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 94612, CA
Karen Lau
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My practice and training include CBT, ACT, DBT, Mindfulness, and other trauma informed interventions such as IFS, EMDR and CPT.
Clients come to me due to anxiety, grief and trauma related concerns while facing stressors and life transitions. Life is difficult when you are experiencing mental health struggles due to health, family or marital situations, dating hardships, work conflict and/or past life experiences. It affects self confidence. You could be struggling while navigating the impact of immigration, cultural background, identity, inter-generational differences, interpersonal challenges, and career demands on your worldview and yourself. As an Asian therapist, I not only have familiarity but also cultural competency in helping APIDA individuals.
My practice and training include CBT, ACT, DBT, Mindfulness, and other trauma informed interventions such as IFS, EMDR and CPT.
Clients come to me due to anxiety, grief and trauma related concerns while facing stressors and life transitions. Life is difficult when you are experiencing mental health struggles due to health, family or marital situations, dating hardships, work conflict and/or past life experiences. It affects self confidence. You could be struggling while navigating the impact of immigration, cultural background, identity, inter-generational differences, interpersonal challenges, and career demands on your worldview and yourself. As an Asian therapist, I not only have familiarity but also cultural competency in helping APIDA individuals.
(925) 304-3846 View (925) 304-3846
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.