Therapists in Amherst, MA

Photo of Heart's Journey Counseling w/Spiritual Perspective in Amherst, MA
Heart's Journey Counseling w/Spiritual Perspective
Abriete, Medore, MEd
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
What happened to the joy you used to feel? When did you and your partner start living parallel lives? Sometimes you wonder if you can find your way back. You want to feel happy again. When things are going well, contentment and a sense of well-being flow. Sometimes life begins to feel too much to deal with alone. What felt easy can begin to feel difficult. What used to bring you joy now leaves you feeling indifferent. Your relationship may not be getting the attention it needs. Counseling held within a spiritual perspective can help.
What happened to the joy you used to feel? When did you and your partner start living parallel lives? Sometimes you wonder if you can find your way back. You want to feel happy again. When things are going well, contentment and a sense of well-being flow. Sometimes life begins to feel too much to deal with alone. What felt easy can begin to feel difficult. What used to bring you joy now leaves you feeling indifferent. Your relationship may not be getting the attention it needs. Counseling held within a spiritual perspective can help.
(413) 923-6059 View (413) 923-6059
Photo of Barbara Burkart, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Barbara Burkart
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I provide skilled and compassionate psychotherapy for adults of all ages who are dealing with difficult life challenges. Feel free to contact me if you are having emotional, personal, work, or relationship difficulties, and want a safe setting in which to address your problems. Your challenges may involve anxiety, depression, relationship or parenting issues, grief and loss, identity issues, or PTSD symptoms. I can guide you in addressing these concerns, achieving a broader understanding of yourself and your circumstances, and tapping into your inner resources.
I provide skilled and compassionate psychotherapy for adults of all ages who are dealing with difficult life challenges. Feel free to contact me if you are having emotional, personal, work, or relationship difficulties, and want a safe setting in which to address your problems. Your challenges may involve anxiety, depression, relationship or parenting issues, grief and loss, identity issues, or PTSD symptoms. I can guide you in addressing these concerns, achieving a broader understanding of yourself and your circumstances, and tapping into your inner resources.
(413) 579-6276 View (413) 579-6276
Photo of Jeffrey Paul Kassis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Jeffrey Paul Kassis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
I work with clients that experience relationship issues with partners, family, friends and at work. Helping individuals decrease the intensity of their anxiety and depression in therapy we explore options and choices for growth and resolving difficulties. The goal is to create clarity regarding better communication and how to assert their needs.
I work with clients that experience relationship issues with partners, family, friends and at work. Helping individuals decrease the intensity of their anxiety and depression in therapy we explore options and choices for growth and resolving difficulties. The goal is to create clarity regarding better communication and how to assert their needs.
(413) 324-5114 View (413) 324-5114
Photo of Catherine Matejcek, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Catherine Matejcek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Pursuing therapy is an admirable step; it takes a lot of courage and energy. As such, I approach therapy with a respectful, accepting attitude. Whether working with an individual or entire family, I operate from the notion that everyone is doing their best, given their circumstances. I assume an active role in therapy: I quickly engage, listen deeply and reflect back. I will ask clarifying questions and offer interpretations.
Pursuing therapy is an admirable step; it takes a lot of courage and energy. As such, I approach therapy with a respectful, accepting attitude. Whether working with an individual or entire family, I operate from the notion that everyone is doing their best, given their circumstances. I assume an active role in therapy: I quickly engage, listen deeply and reflect back. I will ask clarifying questions and offer interpretations.
(413) 349-4211 View (413) 349-4211
Photo of Jessica Somers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Jessica Somers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002
Effective therapy offers more than relief from painful feelings. Therapy can also help you meet life's challenges in new and more flexible ways, grow beyond frustrating patterns that constrain your potential, and develop a more fulfilling relationship to yourself and to others. We will work together to make sense of who you are as a person, including the life experiences that have shaped how you relate to yourself and to the world.
Effective therapy offers more than relief from painful feelings. Therapy can also help you meet life's challenges in new and more flexible ways, grow beyond frustrating patterns that constrain your potential, and develop a more fulfilling relationship to yourself and to others. We will work together to make sense of who you are as a person, including the life experiences that have shaped how you relate to yourself and to the world.
(857) 305-6843 View (857) 305-6843
Photo of Rosemary Sheola, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Rosemary Sheola
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
As a counselor, Rosemary believes in unconditional positive regard, empathy, and encouragement. Her approach has been described as “relational, warm, and nurturing.” She understands that this is your journey and you must be the one to take those steps and reach your goals. She is honored to be a part of it and will walk beside you every step of the way- encouraging, supporting, and giving advice where her expertise allows it. Rosemary’s counseling approach is also more holistic in nature. She believes that true growth and healing comes from incorporating the whole individual.
As a counselor, Rosemary believes in unconditional positive regard, empathy, and encouragement. Her approach has been described as “relational, warm, and nurturing.” She understands that this is your journey and you must be the one to take those steps and reach your goals. She is honored to be a part of it and will walk beside you every step of the way- encouraging, supporting, and giving advice where her expertise allows it. Rosemary’s counseling approach is also more holistic in nature. She believes that true growth and healing comes from incorporating the whole individual.
(413) 323-3895 View (413) 323-3895
Photo of Cathy Pedevillano, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Cathy Pedevillano
Counselor, LMHC, MA, MS
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Waitlist for new clients
We are living in unprecedented times filled with great challenge and incredible opportunity for growth. Global and personal events can leave us feeling isolated, disconnected, anxious and depressed. We search for meaning and purpose amidst the overwhelm of loss, transition, disease and chronic pain. Yet, this chaos can be the grit that moves us toward greater awareness and freedom. Support, connection, compassion and skilled guidance can help us forge new pathways in our lives, our brains and our bodies. We then have more capacity to reclaim our inherent joy, creativity and the power to build a positive light-filled future.
We are living in unprecedented times filled with great challenge and incredible opportunity for growth. Global and personal events can leave us feeling isolated, disconnected, anxious and depressed. We search for meaning and purpose amidst the overwhelm of loss, transition, disease and chronic pain. Yet, this chaos can be the grit that moves us toward greater awareness and freedom. Support, connection, compassion and skilled guidance can help us forge new pathways in our lives, our brains and our bodies. We then have more capacity to reclaim our inherent joy, creativity and the power to build a positive light-filled future.
(413) 207-9959 x855 View (413) 207-9959 x855
Photo of Alexandra Lucey, Psychologist in Amherst, MA
Alexandra Lucey
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Are you noticing that you or a loved one is struggling with procrastination, time management, or following through on tasks? Have you received a diagnosis of ADHD or ADD or has it been suggested that you might meet criteria for these disorders? I am a licensed psychologist working at The Haffey Center in Amherst, MA specializing in both ADHD assessment and treatment. I am able to conduct an ADHD assessment battery and write a comprehensive report based on the results of that testing. I am also able to provide ADHD coaching and ADHD-informed psychotherapy based on the latest research in ADHD and symptom management.
Are you noticing that you or a loved one is struggling with procrastination, time management, or following through on tasks? Have you received a diagnosis of ADHD or ADD or has it been suggested that you might meet criteria for these disorders? I am a licensed psychologist working at The Haffey Center in Amherst, MA specializing in both ADHD assessment and treatment. I am able to conduct an ADHD assessment battery and write a comprehensive report based on the results of that testing. I am also able to provide ADHD coaching and ADHD-informed psychotherapy based on the latest research in ADHD and symptom management.
(413) 788-1205 View (413) 788-1205
Photo of Gwendolyn Leaf, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Gwendolyn Leaf
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Support and empowerment are the foundation of my work with clients. I center my approach in grounding clients in their strengths and guiding them in building skills to achieve more fulfilling relationships, navigate transitions, and overcome obstacles so they can move forward with more clarity and confidence. Whether you are seeking support in your healing process or on a personal growth journey, we'll work together towards your goals for improved wellbeing - emotional, physical and overall life satisfaction.
Support and empowerment are the foundation of my work with clients. I center my approach in grounding clients in their strengths and guiding them in building skills to achieve more fulfilling relationships, navigate transitions, and overcome obstacles so they can move forward with more clarity and confidence. Whether you are seeking support in your healing process or on a personal growth journey, we'll work together towards your goals for improved wellbeing - emotional, physical and overall life satisfaction.
(413) 992-3352 View (413) 992-3352
Photo of Alexandra Casamassima, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Alexandra Casamassima
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Women face unique challenges throughout the lifespan, and I specialize in supporting them as they grow through these tough transitions - whether it be college stress, a "quarter life crisis", or pregnancy and parenting. I have a holistic approach that aims to empower women facing a wide range of issues or symptoms, including anxiety and stress management, depression, "burnout", OCD, and pregnancy/postpartum mental health. Please see my website for additional details about my practice.
Women face unique challenges throughout the lifespan, and I specialize in supporting them as they grow through these tough transitions - whether it be college stress, a "quarter life crisis", or pregnancy and parenting. I have a holistic approach that aims to empower women facing a wide range of issues or symptoms, including anxiety and stress management, depression, "burnout", OCD, and pregnancy/postpartum mental health. Please see my website for additional details about my practice.
(617) 433-5403 View (617) 433-5403
Photo of Patricia Romney, Psychologist in Amherst, MA
Patricia Romney
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Not accepting new clients
I am a geropsychologist and family therapist serving elders and their families. I work with elders who wish to live a more fulfilled and joyful life, and I treat elders with depression, anxiety, and loneliness.My work with families involves supporting the psychological and emotional issues families face as they make decisions, and strive to take care of themselves while providing care for their family members.
I am a geropsychologist and family therapist serving elders and their families. I work with elders who wish to live a more fulfilled and joyful life, and I treat elders with depression, anxiety, and loneliness.My work with families involves supporting the psychological and emotional issues families face as they make decisions, and strive to take care of themselves while providing care for their family members.
(413) 324-5665 View (413) 324-5665
Photo of Catharine Sena, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Catharine Sena
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Waitlist for new clients
Life can present difficult feelings and experiences that become overwhelming. Therapy can be a way to manage these complicated feelings of sadness, anger, anxiety or just a general feeling of “stuckness”. I believe that everyone has the ability to unlock their potential and move forward.
Life can present difficult feelings and experiences that become overwhelming. Therapy can be a way to manage these complicated feelings of sadness, anger, anxiety or just a general feeling of “stuckness”. I believe that everyone has the ability to unlock their potential and move forward.
(413) 307-3653 View (413) 307-3653
Photo of Chuck Genre, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Chuck Genre
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, MCCS
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
My work focuses on adult men (28 yo+) who seek healing, growth and a better relationship with this stage of their life. They want more than mere symptom relief and book recommendations. They are tired of the fears and disconnection and unhelpful core beliefs. They want to love and connect more easily. They want a path forward. Our work together encourages action, engagement, creativity, and it aims to revive the joy of learning something new and useful. (website: www.chuckgenre.com)
My work focuses on adult men (28 yo+) who seek healing, growth and a better relationship with this stage of their life. They want more than mere symptom relief and book recommendations. They are tired of the fears and disconnection and unhelpful core beliefs. They want to love and connect more easily. They want a path forward. Our work together encourages action, engagement, creativity, and it aims to revive the joy of learning something new and useful. (website: www.chuckgenre.com)
(413) 299-2726 View (413) 299-2726
Photo of Handel Behavioral Health Amherst, Psychologist in Amherst, MA
Handel Behavioral Health Amherst
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
Every day can be full of the unexpected—sometimes the surprises are good, and sometimes they are bad. When it comes to friends, work, or family, life always keeps people on their toes. Navigating the highs and lows can be hard, even in a world where information is so easily accessed. A search engine cannot always provide the solution. Almost everyone, at some point in life, will need more support and guidance than they have access to.
Every day can be full of the unexpected—sometimes the surprises are good, and sometimes they are bad. When it comes to friends, work, or family, life always keeps people on their toes. Navigating the highs and lows can be hard, even in a world where information is so easily accessed. A search engine cannot always provide the solution. Almost everyone, at some point in life, will need more support and guidance than they have access to.
(413) 287-1469 View (413) 287-1469
Photo of Sev Kolysko, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Sev Kolysko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002
We all encounter times in life when we just feel stuck and overwhelmed, sometimes unsure of why we feel this way and unable to move forward. Psychotherapy helps us to achieve a sense of well-being and make changes in our lives. My hope is to create a safe and supportive therapeutic environment, which will allow you to achieve personal growth. I utilize a combination of psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral therapies with components of mindfulness and solution-focused approaches. I work with adults of all ages and older adolescents.
We all encounter times in life when we just feel stuck and overwhelmed, sometimes unsure of why we feel this way and unable to move forward. Psychotherapy helps us to achieve a sense of well-being and make changes in our lives. My hope is to create a safe and supportive therapeutic environment, which will allow you to achieve personal growth. I utilize a combination of psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral therapies with components of mindfulness and solution-focused approaches. I work with adults of all ages and older adolescents.
(413) 362-7658 View (413) 362-7658
Photo of Martin Kounitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Martin Kounitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002
Not accepting new clients
Currently, I'm not accepting new clients. Angry? Feel stuck and insecure in your career or in relationships? Trouble sleeping? Is your self-esteem low? Together, we'll understand what causes repetitive problems and how to overcome them. With over 20 years experience in corporate finance, I understand your work stressors. My approach is that the key element of treatment is a strong working relationship. In a safe, nonjudgmental environment, we'll explore conflicts and obstacles that block you from achieving satisfaction. we'll use the best of CBT, ACT and insight-oriented (psychodynamic) psychotherapy.
Currently, I'm not accepting new clients. Angry? Feel stuck and insecure in your career or in relationships? Trouble sleeping? Is your self-esteem low? Together, we'll understand what causes repetitive problems and how to overcome them. With over 20 years experience in corporate finance, I understand your work stressors. My approach is that the key element of treatment is a strong working relationship. In a safe, nonjudgmental environment, we'll explore conflicts and obstacles that block you from achieving satisfaction. we'll use the best of CBT, ACT and insight-oriented (psychodynamic) psychotherapy.
(413) 224-6563 View (413) 224-6563
Photo of Renee Levant, Counselor in Amherst, MA
Renee Levant
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
I ‘ve worked with people trying to reignite their creativity, those seeking relief from panic attacks, depression or the impact of past trauma on present experience. those working with challenges in relationships & families, dealing with racial trauma or identity or navigating institutions & workplaces. My ideal client is someone who wants to feel seen and heard, who is curious & wants to suffer less, more fully enjoy their life & relationships and be empowered to make their unique contribution to the world. I particularly welcome BIPOC clients, mixed race as I am, the neuro-diverse, & those who seek to do good for others.
I ‘ve worked with people trying to reignite their creativity, those seeking relief from panic attacks, depression or the impact of past trauma on present experience. those working with challenges in relationships & families, dealing with racial trauma or identity or navigating institutions & workplaces. My ideal client is someone who wants to feel seen and heard, who is curious & wants to suffer less, more fully enjoy their life & relationships and be empowered to make their unique contribution to the world. I particularly welcome BIPOC clients, mixed race as I am, the neuro-diverse, & those who seek to do good for others.
(413) 299-2408 View (413) 299-2408
Photo of Dean M. Janeff, Marriage & Family Therapist in Amherst, MA
Dean M. Janeff
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Amherst, MA 01002  (Online Only)
Things that happened to us in childhood create how we see ourselves and how we show up in relationships. Whether through neglect or abuse, we give up on our feelings, needs, vulnerability, and human connection. And as a result, as adults we feel alone, anxious, or hopeless. I can help you claim what was not afforded to you while you were growing up. And live a life with vitality, flow, a sense of belonging, depth in relationship, and authentic aliveness. I have master level training to help you find personal freedom from the past and live your best days now. You can make shifts that are life changing and long term!
Things that happened to us in childhood create how we see ourselves and how we show up in relationships. Whether through neglect or abuse, we give up on our feelings, needs, vulnerability, and human connection. And as a result, as adults we feel alone, anxious, or hopeless. I can help you claim what was not afforded to you while you were growing up. And live a life with vitality, flow, a sense of belonging, depth in relationship, and authentic aliveness. I have master level training to help you find personal freedom from the past and live your best days now. You can make shifts that are life changing and long term!
(737) 758-2760 View (737) 758-2760
Photo of Dr. Jamie D. Daniels - Polestar Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Amherst, MA
Dr. Jamie D. Daniels - Polestar Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
My office is conveniently located in the center of downtown, Amherst. I am a trauma informed clinician, and I approach treatment utilizing an anti-oppressive/liberatory framework. My work is relationship based and culturally responsive. I address issues of race, gender, sexuality, and class oppression fluidly, and integrate identity development and social position in treatment. My clinical orientation is psychodynamic and relational, utilizing cognitive and behavioral strategies when appropriate. I have engaged a range of issues including trauma, anxiety, depression, relational concerns, poverty and isolation.
My office is conveniently located in the center of downtown, Amherst. I am a trauma informed clinician, and I approach treatment utilizing an anti-oppressive/liberatory framework. My work is relationship based and culturally responsive. I address issues of race, gender, sexuality, and class oppression fluidly, and integrate identity development and social position in treatment. My clinical orientation is psychodynamic and relational, utilizing cognitive and behavioral strategies when appropriate. I have engaged a range of issues including trauma, anxiety, depression, relational concerns, poverty and isolation.
(413) 340-3561 View (413) 340-3561
Photo of Tim Hope, Psychologist in Amherst, MA
Tim Hope
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Amherst, MA 01002
I am a clinician, consultant and evaluator for children, youth and young adults. I have helped families coping with trauma, divorce, behavior problems, substances, alcohol, eating disorders and other health-related difficulties, cognitive disorders or PDD. I have successfully helped individuals with anger, depression or anxiety, including OCD and PTSD. I work closely with families and schools treating those with ADHD, LD, and Developmental Disabilities, including Autism Spectrum disorders. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and Family Therapy. Finally, I have a special interest in issues concerning adoption and individuals in the GLBTQIA+ community.
I am a clinician, consultant and evaluator for children, youth and young adults. I have helped families coping with trauma, divorce, behavior problems, substances, alcohol, eating disorders and other health-related difficulties, cognitive disorders or PDD. I have successfully helped individuals with anger, depression or anxiety, including OCD and PTSD. I work closely with families and schools treating those with ADHD, LD, and Developmental Disabilities, including Autism Spectrum disorders. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and Family Therapy. Finally, I have a special interest in issues concerning adoption and individuals in the GLBTQIA+ community.
(413) 315-4417 View (413) 315-4417

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Amherst, MA

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Amherst, MA who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
65% Grief
63% Stress

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% BlueCross and BlueShield
52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
52% Optum

How Therapists in Amherst, MA see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Amherst?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.