Therapists in Fresno, CA

View neighborhoods in Fresno
Photo of Cultural Family Therapy-Angelica Ceja LMFT & Owner, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Cultural Family Therapy-Angelica Ceja LMFT & Owner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93710
In-Network Plans: Anthem Medical/MHO plans (We do not accept PPO plans from Anthem) Cigna/Evernorth, MHN/HealthNet/Medical &UHC. At Cultural Family Therapy, we are committed to guiding children, adolescents, adults, couples, and the LGBTQ+ community on their personal paths and challenges in life. Our approach helps identify unhealthy thoughts/behaviors and actions that can cause depression, conflict within relationships, anxiety, triggers and provide skills and support to promote inner self-confidence and different outlooks on life. Please check out our website and email us about our clinician's availability!
In-Network Plans: Anthem Medical/MHO plans (We do not accept PPO plans from Anthem) Cigna/Evernorth, MHN/HealthNet/Medical &UHC. At Cultural Family Therapy, we are committed to guiding children, adolescents, adults, couples, and the LGBTQ+ community on their personal paths and challenges in life. Our approach helps identify unhealthy thoughts/behaviors and actions that can cause depression, conflict within relationships, anxiety, triggers and provide skills and support to promote inner self-confidence and different outlooks on life. Please check out our website and email us about our clinician's availability!
(559) 203-7669 View (559) 203-7669
Photo of Jamal L Jones, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Jamal L Jones
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93720
How did you end up here? Stuck in an unfulfilling marriage and paralyzed by fear. Your anxiety and other men’s issues are causing you to struggle to connect, communicate and resolve conflict with your spouse. It is having a negative impact on how you show up as a parent. Now might be the time for you to connect with a marriage counselor who can help.
How did you end up here? Stuck in an unfulfilling marriage and paralyzed by fear. Your anxiety and other men’s issues are causing you to struggle to connect, communicate and resolve conflict with your spouse. It is having a negative impact on how you show up as a parent. Now might be the time for you to connect with a marriage counselor who can help.
(559) 254-4838 View (559) 254-4838
Photo of Willie Muhammad, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Willie Muhammad
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93711
Empathy has no script. There is no right or wrong way to do it. It’s simply listening, holding space, withholding judgment, emotionally connecting, and communicating that incredibly healing message of “You’re Not Alone.” In my experience as a therapist, I have assisted individuals with challenges such as, depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use and schizophrenia. I have extensive experience working with youth and adult offenders in our judicial system.
Empathy has no script. There is no right or wrong way to do it. It’s simply listening, holding space, withholding judgment, emotionally connecting, and communicating that incredibly healing message of “You’re Not Alone.” In my experience as a therapist, I have assisted individuals with challenges such as, depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use and schizophrenia. I have extensive experience working with youth and adult offenders in our judicial system.
(559) 527-0422 View (559) 527-0422
Photo of Vasni Briones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Vasni Briones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93720
I am trained in several evidence based treatments including; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Seeking Safety, Trauma Focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), Managing and Adapting Practice (MAP), Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), Incredible Years (IY) and Secret Agent Society (SAS).
I am trained in several evidence based treatments including; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Seeking Safety, Trauma Focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), Managing and Adapting Practice (MAP), Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), Incredible Years (IY) and Secret Agent Society (SAS).
(559) 663-2419 View (559) 663-2419
Photo of Cheyenne Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Cheyenne Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93722
My name is Cheyenne Smith. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the Orange County; CA area and I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I operate from client centered, strength based, and culturally informed therapeutic approach. I believe in assisting in increasing understanding of yourself through exploring values, identifying maladaptive thought patterns, and working together to increase awareness, wholeness, and mental wellbeing In other words I work with client in developing self-actualization in order to support clients to live their best life and be their best self.
My name is Cheyenne Smith. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the Orange County; CA area and I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I operate from client centered, strength based, and culturally informed therapeutic approach. I believe in assisting in increasing understanding of yourself through exploring values, identifying maladaptive thought patterns, and working together to increase awareness, wholeness, and mental wellbeing In other words I work with client in developing self-actualization in order to support clients to live their best life and be their best self.
(559) 384-3482 View (559) 384-3482
Photo of Johnny Dell Simmons, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Johnny Dell Simmons
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93703
Do you ever find yourself feeling worried all of the time? Do you feel sad and/or feel as if you have little to no energy? Do you find it difficult to interact with others? Have you experienced trauma and feel things are still unresolved? Do you ever just feel "stuck" in life? As captains of our journeys, things can become overwhelming. Anxiety, depression and so many other issues can arise and cause us to feel debilitated. Let us learn how to develop the skills and techniques to be the captains we choose to be. Let us embark on the journey of life together.
Do you ever find yourself feeling worried all of the time? Do you feel sad and/or feel as if you have little to no energy? Do you find it difficult to interact with others? Have you experienced trauma and feel things are still unresolved? Do you ever just feel "stuck" in life? As captains of our journeys, things can become overwhelming. Anxiety, depression and so many other issues can arise and cause us to feel debilitated. Let us learn how to develop the skills and techniques to be the captains we choose to be. Let us embark on the journey of life together.
(323) 642-6703 View (323) 642-6703
Photo of Kim Herrera, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Kim Herrera
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93726
My goal as a therapist is to assist my clients in achieving fulfillment and empowerment in their lives. I believe that your experience in therapy should be safe, supportive, and non-judgmental. I am committed to helping facilitate your healing with compassion and sensitivity. I encourage you to explore your concerns, struggles, and/or uncertainties in a collaborative and individualized process. I specialize in anxiety, depression, daily life stress, relationship counseling. I believe the key to a positive counseling experience is a healthy therapeutic relationship.
My goal as a therapist is to assist my clients in achieving fulfillment and empowerment in their lives. I believe that your experience in therapy should be safe, supportive, and non-judgmental. I am committed to helping facilitate your healing with compassion and sensitivity. I encourage you to explore your concerns, struggles, and/or uncertainties in a collaborative and individualized process. I specialize in anxiety, depression, daily life stress, relationship counseling. I believe the key to a positive counseling experience is a healthy therapeutic relationship.
(559) 785-9618 View (559) 785-9618
Photo of Ana Mary Sieve, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Ana Mary Sieve
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711
Once you make the decision to seek therapy, the next step is finding a therapist that is right for you. Finding that someone you trust to help you work on reaching your therapeutic goals can feel daunting, especially if that person is for your child. I am here to provide a safe environment to assist in helping you address whatever your concerns may be. Whether it be depression, anxiety, change in life, divorce/separation, peer relationships, trauma, or any concern you or your child may be struggling with, I am here to help.
Once you make the decision to seek therapy, the next step is finding a therapist that is right for you. Finding that someone you trust to help you work on reaching your therapeutic goals can feel daunting, especially if that person is for your child. I am here to provide a safe environment to assist in helping you address whatever your concerns may be. Whether it be depression, anxiety, change in life, divorce/separation, peer relationships, trauma, or any concern you or your child may be struggling with, I am here to help.
(559) 934-5671 View (559) 934-5671
Photo of Rachael Catherine Ensom, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Rachael Catherine Ensom
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93711
Waitlist for new clients
I want to start off by saying that you are so brave for coming here to look for a therapist. That's a big step! Now, the process of picking someone feels sort of strange, doesn't it? Your connection with a therapist is SUPER important. You either connect or you don't and it's not a bad thing if someone just isn't your vibe. I will tell you that kids and teenagers are my people. Much more than adults. I really, really enjoy working with the neurodiverse folks. I am excited to meet you and to hear your story. Your story matters and is important.
I want to start off by saying that you are so brave for coming here to look for a therapist. That's a big step! Now, the process of picking someone feels sort of strange, doesn't it? Your connection with a therapist is SUPER important. You either connect or you don't and it's not a bad thing if someone just isn't your vibe. I will tell you that kids and teenagers are my people. Much more than adults. I really, really enjoy working with the neurodiverse folks. I am excited to meet you and to hear your story. Your story matters and is important.
(559) 364-9873 View (559) 364-9873
Photo of Denae Takemoto, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Denae Takemoto
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93704
Sometimes life begins to feel heavy. Our past and present life experiences can bring pain, confusion, and other emotions and feelings that begin to feel too heavy to hold. I’m here to help you hold these experiences, as we work together on your healing journey. I’m a trauma focused therapist that also works from an attachment-based and family-systems approach. I have a heart for working with first responders and their families as they navigate their unique life experiences. I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, and families that are experiencing a wide range of challenges.
Sometimes life begins to feel heavy. Our past and present life experiences can bring pain, confusion, and other emotions and feelings that begin to feel too heavy to hold. I’m here to help you hold these experiences, as we work together on your healing journey. I’m a trauma focused therapist that also works from an attachment-based and family-systems approach. I have a heart for working with first responders and their families as they navigate their unique life experiences. I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, and families that are experiencing a wide range of challenges.
(559) 744-7034 View (559) 744-7034
Photo of Omega Mental Health, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Omega Mental Health
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711  (Online Only)
If you are struggling in your day to day life with difficulty focusing on your work, if you no longer find pleasure in the things that used to bring you joy, if you can’t seem to find the energy you used to have, if life just seems dull and you find yourself turning to alcohol or drugs – you may find therapy helpful.
If you are struggling in your day to day life with difficulty focusing on your work, if you no longer find pleasure in the things that used to bring you joy, if you can’t seem to find the energy you used to have, if life just seems dull and you find yourself turning to alcohol or drugs – you may find therapy helpful.
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Photo of Amanda Lucero Bertoldo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Amanda Lucero Bertoldo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93727
Hello, my name is Amanda Bertoldo and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I love working with clients and seeing them build themselves up from the inside out. My approach to therapy is that you already have all the answers within yourself and I am here to support you in listening to your inner self to honor your feelings and advocate for what you need in your life. I provide space to share feelings, examine your thoughts and be a neutral person in your life to gain support from, and introduce you ways of dealing with difficult emotions.
Hello, my name is Amanda Bertoldo and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I love working with clients and seeing them build themselves up from the inside out. My approach to therapy is that you already have all the answers within yourself and I am here to support you in listening to your inner self to honor your feelings and advocate for what you need in your life. I provide space to share feelings, examine your thoughts and be a neutral person in your life to gain support from, and introduce you ways of dealing with difficult emotions.
(559) 529-9478 View (559) 529-9478
Photo of Bao Mai Moua Vue, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fresno, CA
Bao Mai Moua Vue
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93711
You may not have considered therapy before because openly discussing personal struggles might not align with the customs of your life or culture. However, if you find yourself experiencing symptoms such as persistent low energy, difficulty concentrating, or feelings of irritability, tension, or restlessness—it's essential to recognize that you're not alone. While these experiences are common, it's equally important to acknowledge that hope and assistance are readily available. If starting therapy is making you feel overwhelmed by fear, shame, or uncertainty, rest assured that you don't have to navigate these emotions alone.
You may not have considered therapy before because openly discussing personal struggles might not align with the customs of your life or culture. However, if you find yourself experiencing symptoms such as persistent low energy, difficulty concentrating, or feelings of irritability, tension, or restlessness—it's essential to recognize that you're not alone. While these experiences are common, it's equally important to acknowledge that hope and assistance are readily available. If starting therapy is making you feel overwhelmed by fear, shame, or uncertainty, rest assured that you don't have to navigate these emotions alone.
(559) 206-4575 View (559) 206-4575
Photo of Jennifer K. De La Cruz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Jennifer K. De La Cruz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93720
I am passionate about working with individuals who are seeking transformative healing from a variety of traumas, anxiety, depression, and other mental health impairments. I practice from a trauma-focused approach in order to work collaboratively with clients toward restorative and lasting change. My goal is to help clients pursue and maintain a life of wholeness and balance within each area of their daily lives.
I am passionate about working with individuals who are seeking transformative healing from a variety of traumas, anxiety, depression, and other mental health impairments. I practice from a trauma-focused approach in order to work collaboratively with clients toward restorative and lasting change. My goal is to help clients pursue and maintain a life of wholeness and balance within each area of their daily lives.
(559) 922-2602 View (559) 922-2602
Photo of Reynaldo T Manalo, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fresno, CA
Reynaldo T Manalo
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93720  (Online Only)
I specialize working with individuals and couples going through difficult life-transitions and overwhelming stressors that are impacting their quality of life. Individuals: depression, anxiety, and personal life-transition. Couples: inter-relationship conflict, life-transition. I have worked with individuals in exploration of authentic-selves and brainstorm with clients for methods of treatments. I find joy working with couples as they navigate through their relationship, finding their own methods of how their relationship works, and for them to strengthen their abilities to convey both their feelings and intentions to one another.
I specialize working with individuals and couples going through difficult life-transitions and overwhelming stressors that are impacting their quality of life. Individuals: depression, anxiety, and personal life-transition. Couples: inter-relationship conflict, life-transition. I have worked with individuals in exploration of authentic-selves and brainstorm with clients for methods of treatments. I find joy working with couples as they navigate through their relationship, finding their own methods of how their relationship works, and for them to strengthen their abilities to convey both their feelings and intentions to one another.
(559) 234-4959 View (559) 234-4959
Photo of Giselle Josephine Facemire, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fresno, CA
Giselle Josephine Facemire
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fresno, CA 93710
As a Registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I enjoy working with families, children, adolescents and adults. I hope to be a guiding voice for those who are brave enough to reach out for help and willing to work towards attaining their goals as well as those who are struggling and need guidance toward the light out of the darkness. My approach to therapy involves using my own life experiences and curiosity to empathize and validate my client(s). I walk alongside you, help you process, and assist you in learning the tools and skills you need to attain your treatment goals.
As a Registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I enjoy working with families, children, adolescents and adults. I hope to be a guiding voice for those who are brave enough to reach out for help and willing to work towards attaining their goals as well as those who are struggling and need guidance toward the light out of the darkness. My approach to therapy involves using my own life experiences and curiosity to empathize and validate my client(s). I walk alongside you, help you process, and assist you in learning the tools and skills you need to attain your treatment goals.
(559) 838-4232 View (559) 838-4232
Photo of Marianna Aguilar, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fresno, CA
Marianna Aguilar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93720
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, I work with children, pre-adolescent, adolescents, individuals, and couples who are experiencing anxiety, depression, substance abuse, codependency, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and so many other issues that can arise and cause us to feel overwhelmed and debilitated with everyday life and relationships.
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, I work with children, pre-adolescent, adolescents, individuals, and couples who are experiencing anxiety, depression, substance abuse, codependency, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and so many other issues that can arise and cause us to feel overwhelmed and debilitated with everyday life and relationships.
(559) 594-3920 View (559) 594-3920
Photo of Kierra Gordon-Smith, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fresno, CA
Kierra Gordon-Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711
My greatest reward as a therapist is helping others on their journey of becoming their best self, helping heal unhealed wounds, & validate other’s experiences with undeniable acceptance & warmth. As a therapist, I am passionate about helping you gain more insight into your problems or past & learn the necessary skills to overcome & achieve more peace in life. I consider it a privilege to walk alongside you at your pace & support you in navigating your way through life & toward a greater since of healing & wellness.
My greatest reward as a therapist is helping others on their journey of becoming their best self, helping heal unhealed wounds, & validate other’s experiences with undeniable acceptance & warmth. As a therapist, I am passionate about helping you gain more insight into your problems or past & learn the necessary skills to overcome & achieve more peace in life. I consider it a privilege to walk alongside you at your pace & support you in navigating your way through life & toward a greater since of healing & wellness.
(559) 527-0372 View (559) 527-0372
Photo of Jennifer Chipperfield in Fresno, CA
Jennifer Chipperfield
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711
Burnout, exhaustion and overwhelm are all too common for many of us right now. Career success and advancement maybe doesn’t feel as satisfying as you thought it would. Joy, and purpose might feel just out of reach. What would it look like to live a successful, satisfying life? How would it feel to intentionally and confidently make personal and professional choices devoid of others’ expectations or limitations?
Burnout, exhaustion and overwhelm are all too common for many of us right now. Career success and advancement maybe doesn’t feel as satisfying as you thought it would. Joy, and purpose might feel just out of reach. What would it look like to live a successful, satisfying life? How would it feel to intentionally and confidently make personal and professional choices devoid of others’ expectations or limitations?
(559) 551-3072 View (559) 551-3072
Photo of Kristle Williams Manuel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fresno, CA
Kristle Williams Manuel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711  (Online Only)
Is life becoming unmanageable? Looking for real answers? Seeking the best group of clinicians who accept your insurance? Welcome to WellPsyche Medical Group! WellPsyche providers are experts in Wellness and Mental Health. Our providers take a Thoughtful, Practical, and Caring approach to therapy and can help you balance your life. WellPsyche is also a leader in Telemedicine. Now you can visit with your provider from the privacy and convenience of your home or work.
Is life becoming unmanageable? Looking for real answers? Seeking the best group of clinicians who accept your insurance? Welcome to WellPsyche Medical Group! WellPsyche providers are experts in Wellness and Mental Health. Our providers take a Thoughtful, Practical, and Caring approach to therapy and can help you balance your life. WellPsyche is also a leader in Telemedicine. Now you can visit with your provider from the privacy and convenience of your home or work.
(559) 702-0695 View (559) 702-0695

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fresno, CA

800+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Fresno, CA who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
89% Depression
73% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
68% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
70% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
69% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Fresno, CA see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fresno?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.