Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA

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Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in Virginia Beach, VA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others, and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability, and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience.
(757) 378-0484 View (757) 378-0484
Photo of LeRoyal Parker, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
LeRoyal Parker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23454
LeRoyal Parker is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with a Master in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Regent University in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Theoretical approaches I use to draw from a range of evidence-based approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). I believe that sometimes a smile can hide the pain that you would not want to share with anyone else. Anxiety issues, self-esteem issues, and even family issues can lead to difficulty forming lasting and healthy relationships, both personal and intimate.
LeRoyal Parker is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with a Master in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Regent University in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Theoretical approaches I use to draw from a range of evidence-based approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). I believe that sometimes a smile can hide the pain that you would not want to share with anyone else. Anxiety issues, self-esteem issues, and even family issues can lead to difficulty forming lasting and healthy relationships, both personal and intimate.
(757) 993-4269 View (757) 993-4269
Photo of Dr. Samantha Lindsey Zbur, Psychologist in Virginia Beach, VA
Dr. Samantha Lindsey Zbur
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy services to children, adolescents, and adults. Finding value in a variety of therapeutic approaches, I blend evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Interpersonal Therapy to address the treatment goals of clients. I also have experience in providing Motivational Interviewing, Behavior Modification, Trauma-Focused CBT, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Exposure Response Prevention for OCD, and psychological testing for ADHD and learning problems.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy services to children, adolescents, and adults. Finding value in a variety of therapeutic approaches, I blend evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Interpersonal Therapy to address the treatment goals of clients. I also have experience in providing Motivational Interviewing, Behavior Modification, Trauma-Focused CBT, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Exposure Response Prevention for OCD, and psychological testing for ADHD and learning problems.
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Photo of Delores Morris, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Delores Morris
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23453
Hello. My name is Delores Morris, and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor, and I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I approach therapy from a client-centered perspective that's based on the individual needs of each client. My style and approach are typically a good match for adults who may be experiencing grief, depression, PTSD, anxiety, job stress, life transitions, and other similar conditions or concerns. Clients who are seeking to gain insight into the way they are feeling.
Hello. My name is Delores Morris, and I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor, and I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I approach therapy from a client-centered perspective that's based on the individual needs of each client. My style and approach are typically a good match for adults who may be experiencing grief, depression, PTSD, anxiety, job stress, life transitions, and other similar conditions or concerns. Clients who are seeking to gain insight into the way they are feeling.
(757) 908-6391 View (757) 908-6391
Photo of Coastal Light Counseling & Psychotherapy, Psychologist in Virginia Beach, VA
Coastal Light Counseling & Psychotherapy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462  (Online Only)
Coping with life’s various challenges can be difficult. Together, we will help you navigate those tough situations. Through the therapy process, we will collaborate and support you in developing the skills to manage those situations and allow you to create new solutions to overcome any of life’s obstacles. Check our website for available therapists or to join our waitlist!
Coping with life’s various challenges can be difficult. Together, we will help you navigate those tough situations. Through the therapy process, we will collaborate and support you in developing the skills to manage those situations and allow you to create new solutions to overcome any of life’s obstacles. Check our website for available therapists or to join our waitlist!
(954) 287-0490 View (954) 287-0490
Photo of Catherine Medina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Catherine Medina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23456
Hi! My name is Catherine Medina, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker practicing in Virginia. My goal is to assist people in living their most fulfilling life by resolving the issues that stand in their way. I have extensive clinical training and experience, and I am excited to make a positive difference in your life! I primarily work with adults and couples. I have extensive experience with adults of all ages and with newlyweds as well as people in long-term relationships. My experience is primarily in treating mood, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem, and relationship issues.
Hi! My name is Catherine Medina, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker practicing in Virginia. My goal is to assist people in living their most fulfilling life by resolving the issues that stand in their way. I have extensive clinical training and experience, and I am excited to make a positive difference in your life! I primarily work with adults and couples. I have extensive experience with adults of all ages and with newlyweds as well as people in long-term relationships. My experience is primarily in treating mood, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem, and relationship issues.
(757) 690-2136 View (757) 690-2136
Photo of Chad Hatchel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Chad Hatchel
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23454  (Online Only)
Charles "Chad" Hatchel is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 7 years of experience in the mental health field. Chad specializes in working with clients who are experiencing depression and anxiety. He also works with couples who are having problems communicating with one another. His professional experience includes group and individual therapy, working with individuals ranging from ages 4 and up. Chad completed his Bachelor of Science (BS) at Virginia Tech and his Master of Arts (MA) in Professional Counseling at Liberty University.
Charles "Chad" Hatchel is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 7 years of experience in the mental health field. Chad specializes in working with clients who are experiencing depression and anxiety. He also works with couples who are having problems communicating with one another. His professional experience includes group and individual therapy, working with individuals ranging from ages 4 and up. Chad completed his Bachelor of Science (BS) at Virginia Tech and his Master of Arts (MA) in Professional Counseling at Liberty University.
(434) 277-4915 View (434) 277-4915
Photo of Kathleen Elizabeth Brown, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Kathleen Elizabeth Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23455
I have over eight years of experience working in the mental health field with a variety of diverse populations. I believe in the incorporation of multicultural awareness and cultural humility in all aspects of my clinical work. I apply a CBT theoretical foundation to therapy incorporating strengths-based approaches, positive psychology, and mindfulness practices. I work to provide clients with a safe space in which to explore their current concerns, unpack their personal history, and positively develop their identity.
I have over eight years of experience working in the mental health field with a variety of diverse populations. I believe in the incorporation of multicultural awareness and cultural humility in all aspects of my clinical work. I apply a CBT theoretical foundation to therapy incorporating strengths-based approaches, positive psychology, and mindfulness practices. I work to provide clients with a safe space in which to explore their current concerns, unpack their personal history, and positively develop their identity.
(757) 210-6774 View (757) 210-6774
Photo of Matt Mullenix, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Matt Mullenix
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23456  (Online Only)
Dealing with mental health symptoms that seem too difficult to take on alone? Do you struggle to fit in, feel misunderstood or that your voice isn't heard? Allow my warm, relaxed and non-judgmental style provide you with a safe and welcoming space to share. Together, let's explore your unique journey to help gather insight, explore emotions, and develop coping skills. Let's help you heal and regain a newfound sense of self and meaning as we set achievable goals, and cultivate resiliency in all facets of life. If you're ready for a collaborative and empowering therapeutic experience, reach out—because your well-being matters.
Dealing with mental health symptoms that seem too difficult to take on alone? Do you struggle to fit in, feel misunderstood or that your voice isn't heard? Allow my warm, relaxed and non-judgmental style provide you with a safe and welcoming space to share. Together, let's explore your unique journey to help gather insight, explore emotions, and develop coping skills. Let's help you heal and regain a newfound sense of self and meaning as we set achievable goals, and cultivate resiliency in all facets of life. If you're ready for a collaborative and empowering therapeutic experience, reach out—because your well-being matters.
(757) 996-5244 View (757) 996-5244
Photo of Karen L. Mattox, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Karen L. Mattox
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23464
Experiencing a loss in your life? It could be the death of a friend, loved one, or pet, divorce, loss of a job, or any other kind of loss. I can help you. I have extensive experience dealing with grief and loss. Call or email for an appointment and let's see how working together, we can help you heal. I can help you come to terms with your losses. Be sure to ask for Karen when you call.
Experiencing a loss in your life? It could be the death of a friend, loved one, or pet, divorce, loss of a job, or any other kind of loss. I can help you. I have extensive experience dealing with grief and loss. Call or email for an appointment and let's see how working together, we can help you heal. I can help you come to terms with your losses. Be sure to ask for Karen when you call.
(757) 699-5972 View (757) 699-5972
Photo of Nerissa Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Nerissa Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I work predominantly with adults who suffer with chronic and persistent mental health issues such as Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and other major mood, psychotic and delusion disorders. I also address anxiety disorders and the daily functional problems that often accompany these long-term debilitating disorders like low self-esteem, low self-efficacy, anhedonia, limited emotional responses, low motivation, negative cognitions, poor social skills, and difficulty with completing simple life tasks.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I work predominantly with adults who suffer with chronic and persistent mental health issues such as Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and other major mood, psychotic and delusion disorders. I also address anxiety disorders and the daily functional problems that often accompany these long-term debilitating disorders like low self-esteem, low self-efficacy, anhedonia, limited emotional responses, low motivation, negative cognitions, poor social skills, and difficulty with completing simple life tasks.
(757) 799-1245 View (757) 799-1245
Photo of Celia Luella Farr, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Celia Luella Farr
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, NCC, CTTS, IMH-E
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23456
Life has changed since 2020. If you have lost a loved one and need a hand, as you grieve, I can help. If you have lost your way and you are struggling to regain your footing, I can help. If the anxiety, depression and/or stress you faced before have multiplied, I can help. Let's connect . We are all in this together!
Life has changed since 2020. If you have lost a loved one and need a hand, as you grieve, I can help. If you have lost your way and you are struggling to regain your footing, I can help. If the anxiety, depression and/or stress you faced before have multiplied, I can help. Let's connect . We are all in this together!
(757) 347-8303 View (757) 347-8303
Photo of Angelica Tyree, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Angelica Tyree
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23451
My name is Angelica Tyree, and I am a LPC based in Virginia. I currently work with clients via telehealth. Some of my experience includes traveling abroad, trauma, self-esteem, anxiety/depression, early intervention, relationship dynamics, and parenting. Most of my experience tends to focus on children, adolescents, and teenagers who may be struggling with adjusting to life experiences. These life adjustments may come with depression, anxiety, anger, low self-esteem, grief, etc. My goal is to help clients persevere through those challenges so that they can obtain wholeness and live life to the best of their ability.
My name is Angelica Tyree, and I am a LPC based in Virginia. I currently work with clients via telehealth. Some of my experience includes traveling abroad, trauma, self-esteem, anxiety/depression, early intervention, relationship dynamics, and parenting. Most of my experience tends to focus on children, adolescents, and teenagers who may be struggling with adjusting to life experiences. These life adjustments may come with depression, anxiety, anger, low self-esteem, grief, etc. My goal is to help clients persevere through those challenges so that they can obtain wholeness and live life to the best of their ability.
(757) 210-9731 View (757) 210-9731
Photo of Rebecca Cohen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Rebecca Cohen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23454
Not accepting new clients
Let's be honest; life is challenging. Even some of the most successful, strong people have periods of struggle. Whether you are having difficulty with relationship dynamics, trying to find your identity in this busy world, or coping with depression, anxiety, or stress, therapy can be of great assistance to you. Therapy is a safe space to share your thoughts and feelings with a nonjudgmental provider and gain insight into how to address what is bothering you. I honor your courage in taking the first steps to seek healing and improvement.
Let's be honest; life is challenging. Even some of the most successful, strong people have periods of struggle. Whether you are having difficulty with relationship dynamics, trying to find your identity in this busy world, or coping with depression, anxiety, or stress, therapy can be of great assistance to you. Therapy is a safe space to share your thoughts and feelings with a nonjudgmental provider and gain insight into how to address what is bothering you. I honor your courage in taking the first steps to seek healing and improvement.
(757) 997-6883 View (757) 997-6883
Photo of Momilani Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Momilani Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Hello, I'm Momilani Williams, a Licensed Professional Counselor with extensive experience in the Mental Health field. My background includes advocacy in school settings, support for foster youth, and assisting military children and families. I specialize in aiding individuals overwhelmed by life's challenges or their emotions, guiding them towards positive processing. Together, we'll devise strategies to manage emotions and reconnect with your authentic self. Whether you're navigating complex relationship dynamics or grappling with anxiety and depression, I'm here to support you.
Hello, I'm Momilani Williams, a Licensed Professional Counselor with extensive experience in the Mental Health field. My background includes advocacy in school settings, support for foster youth, and assisting military children and families. I specialize in aiding individuals overwhelmed by life's challenges or their emotions, guiding them towards positive processing. Together, we'll devise strategies to manage emotions and reconnect with your authentic self. Whether you're navigating complex relationship dynamics or grappling with anxiety and depression, I'm here to support you.
(757) 210-9875 x1 View (757) 210-9875 x1
Photo of Brittany Haddock, Resident in Counseling in Virginia Beach, VA
Brittany Haddock
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Therapy is about your journey. You are the only one that can get to your destination, but you do not have to do it alone. Allow me to walk alongside you, guiding you to realizations hiding in the bush of life. Struggling with your mental health does not have to be an everlasting burden. Let’s discover what coping tools work for you, to empower you in and outside of our session against challenges that have or may arise. Your life is more than the time in my office.
Therapy is about your journey. You are the only one that can get to your destination, but you do not have to do it alone. Allow me to walk alongside you, guiding you to realizations hiding in the bush of life. Struggling with your mental health does not have to be an everlasting burden. Let’s discover what coping tools work for you, to empower you in and outside of our session against challenges that have or may arise. Your life is more than the time in my office.
(757) 908-3494 View (757) 908-3494
Photo of Kennise Baker, Pre-Licensed Professional in Virginia Beach, VA
Kennise Baker
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Hello, I'm Kennise! My objective is to provide support and education on evidence-based techniques that assist individuals in effectively processing and regulating their emotions. Moreover, I strive to empower clients to construct a life they can take pride in. Taking the initiative to seek assistance is an important step towards self-care, though it can be challenging. Remember, you don't have to navigate this journey solo - let's embark on it together!
Hello, I'm Kennise! My objective is to provide support and education on evidence-based techniques that assist individuals in effectively processing and regulating their emotions. Moreover, I strive to empower clients to construct a life they can take pride in. Taking the initiative to seek assistance is an important step towards self-care, though it can be challenging. Remember, you don't have to navigate this journey solo - let's embark on it together!
(757) 347-8784 x1 View (757) 347-8784 x1
Photo of Well Neuropsychology, Psychologist in Virginia Beach, VA
Well Neuropsychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
I specialize in neuropsychological evaluations to assess cognitive and psychological functioning. I have specialization in working with adults and older adults with complex medical conditions. I also conduct comprehensive evaluations for children to assess neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ADHD and autism, as well as psychoeducational evaluations to assess learning disorders, in addition to mental health issues. My evaluations provide a comprehensive look at cognitive and psychological functioning to assist with diagnosis, as well as provide treatment recommendations and academic/work accommodations.
I specialize in neuropsychological evaluations to assess cognitive and psychological functioning. I have specialization in working with adults and older adults with complex medical conditions. I also conduct comprehensive evaluations for children to assess neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ADHD and autism, as well as psychoeducational evaluations to assess learning disorders, in addition to mental health issues. My evaluations provide a comprehensive look at cognitive and psychological functioning to assist with diagnosis, as well as provide treatment recommendations and academic/work accommodations.
(757) 797-8980 View (757) 797-8980
Photo of Tyler Bray, Pre-Licensed Professional in Virginia Beach, VA
Tyler Bray
Pre-Licensed Professional, LSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
I'm Tyler Bray (she/her). Presently, I am a Supervisee of Social Work in Virginia, on the path to becoming a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. With over three years of experience, I've worked in various settings, such as outpatient mental health clinics, utilizing telehealth, and correctional facilities. My primary treatment modalities include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and solution-focused therapy.
I'm Tyler Bray (she/her). Presently, I am a Supervisee of Social Work in Virginia, on the path to becoming a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. With over three years of experience, I've worked in various settings, such as outpatient mental health clinics, utilizing telehealth, and correctional facilities. My primary treatment modalities include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and solution-focused therapy.
(757) 568-7966 View (757) 568-7966
Innovative Enrichment Services, LLC
Mental Health Counselor
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23464
Innovative Enrichment Services (IES) offers affordable counseling and psychotherapy (trauma, substance, coping skills and anger management ) for adults, youth and families. Individual, family, and group counseling are implemented throughout the day, evening and weekends. We produce the highest level of care in providing psychological services, with therapists who are culturally diverse within the community.
Innovative Enrichment Services (IES) offers affordable counseling and psychotherapy (trauma, substance, coping skills and anger management ) for adults, youth and families. Individual, family, and group counseling are implemented throughout the day, evening and weekends. We produce the highest level of care in providing psychological services, with therapists who are culturally diverse within the community.
(757) 781-0759 View (757) 781-0759

See more therapy options for Virginia Beach

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
76% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
73% Stress
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
75% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
14% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Virginia Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.