Therapists in Boise, ID

View neighborhoods in Boise
Photo of Aimee Gaedecke, Counselor in Boise, ID
Aimee Gaedecke
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83706  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
EXCLUSIVELY TELEHEALTH Mental wellness is a cornerstone of living a full and joyful life. However, sometimes life circumstances can leave us feeling overwhelmed and out of control. This can make us depressed, frustrated or overcome with worry. So often, our own well-being is the last thing on our "to-do" list. Maybe it's time to put yourself first by seeking counseling. Whether it's work, relationships, parenting, or any other life challenge that's got you feeling stuck, let's work together to explore what's working for you and what isn't.
EXCLUSIVELY TELEHEALTH Mental wellness is a cornerstone of living a full and joyful life. However, sometimes life circumstances can leave us feeling overwhelmed and out of control. This can make us depressed, frustrated or overcome with worry. So often, our own well-being is the last thing on our "to-do" list. Maybe it's time to put yourself first by seeking counseling. Whether it's work, relationships, parenting, or any other life challenge that's got you feeling stuck, let's work together to explore what's working for you and what isn't.
(208) 369-9314 View (208) 369-9314
Photo of Valerie Waterland, Marriage & Family Therapist in Boise, ID
Valerie Waterland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83716
I help individuals and couples improve their relationships. I am a licensed marriage family therapist that employs fast paced, goal directed short term solutions for busy professionals looking to change their relationship dynamics. Specific areas of focus include, healing trauma and attachment, healing anger and codependence and healing anxiety and depression.
I help individuals and couples improve their relationships. I am a licensed marriage family therapist that employs fast paced, goal directed short term solutions for busy professionals looking to change their relationship dynamics. Specific areas of focus include, healing trauma and attachment, healing anger and codependence and healing anxiety and depression.
(208) 328-4283 View (208) 328-4283
Photo of Clay Salmon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boise, ID
Clay Salmon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83702
Hello! My name is Clay (he/they). Finding a space where it feels safe to be open about you are and what you need is important. Maybe you are noticing that symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression, or stress are impacting your self-esteem and relationships. Exploring your identities and navigating systems of oppression in life can be stressful for individuals and the people who care about them. Worries, sadness, and trauma symptoms can show up in unhelpful ways. Maybe you are looking for an affirming therapist to work on something unrelated to your identity; recent event or event childhood.
Hello! My name is Clay (he/they). Finding a space where it feels safe to be open about you are and what you need is important. Maybe you are noticing that symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression, or stress are impacting your self-esteem and relationships. Exploring your identities and navigating systems of oppression in life can be stressful for individuals and the people who care about them. Worries, sadness, and trauma symptoms can show up in unhelpful ways. Maybe you are looking for an affirming therapist to work on something unrelated to your identity; recent event or event childhood.
(208) 793-7217 View (208) 793-7217
Photo of Zachary Preboski, Pre-Licensed Professional in Boise, ID
Zachary Preboski
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83704
Zach is experienced supporting teens, young adults and men using strength-based approaches to help address stress and adversity, including neurodiversity and trauma. He specializes in clinical mental health counseling with an emphasis on acceptance and mindfulness informed therapies which includes somatic techniques which reengages one's relationship between body and mind. He is currently EMDR In Training. He is currently a Counselor Intern completing his Master of Counseling education through Northwest Nazarene University.
Zach is experienced supporting teens, young adults and men using strength-based approaches to help address stress and adversity, including neurodiversity and trauma. He specializes in clinical mental health counseling with an emphasis on acceptance and mindfulness informed therapies which includes somatic techniques which reengages one's relationship between body and mind. He is currently EMDR In Training. He is currently a Counselor Intern completing his Master of Counseling education through Northwest Nazarene University.
(208) 759-5616 View (208) 759-5616
Photo of Susan Ozimkiewicz, Counselor in Boise, ID
Susan Ozimkiewicz
Counselor, NCC, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83713
Your most natural resource is in yourself. My clinical work as a Jungian oriented depth psychotherapist is characterized by a deep respect for the unfolding of your individual life process, knowing that life experience is in constant change, complex and fluid. A depth psychotherapist collaborates with the client by working together with their wounded, rejected, neglected, abandoned, painful, emotional & fragmented parts. We build a therapeutic rapport with a trust in the process. Personal dreams and symptoms are used as healing agents.
Your most natural resource is in yourself. My clinical work as a Jungian oriented depth psychotherapist is characterized by a deep respect for the unfolding of your individual life process, knowing that life experience is in constant change, complex and fluid. A depth psychotherapist collaborates with the client by working together with their wounded, rejected, neglected, abandoned, painful, emotional & fragmented parts. We build a therapeutic rapport with a trust in the process. Personal dreams and symptoms are used as healing agents.
(208) 904-4094 View (208) 904-4094
Photo of Laura Root, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boise, ID
Laura Root
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83712
Not accepting new clients
I work best with clients who are ready to begin the sometimes difficult work of exploring who they are, setting goals, and discovering how to make changes to improve their lives. For those who are not quite sure where to begin I provide support, education, and a safe space to delve into the possibilities of how they might create the life they want.
I work best with clients who are ready to begin the sometimes difficult work of exploring who they are, setting goals, and discovering how to make changes to improve their lives. For those who are not quite sure where to begin I provide support, education, and a safe space to delve into the possibilities of how they might create the life they want.
(208) 481-8037 View (208) 481-8037
Photo of Donna Maxine Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boise, ID
Donna Maxine Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83706
Stepping into counseling with you is a privilege. As a licensed professional counselor, I find counseling to be an invitation to listen and empathize to what is going on in your heart, your head, and your world. When these don’t align, there is an incongruence that rattles our inner world. My desire is to assist adults, adolescents and children 6 and older, to find peace. I enjoy all ages because of my work with children & adults for 15 years. I served 10 years as a Children’s Pastor, and I continue to believe that every age is important. Therefore, I chose to pursue counseling to help every individual pursue healthy mental health.
Stepping into counseling with you is a privilege. As a licensed professional counselor, I find counseling to be an invitation to listen and empathize to what is going on in your heart, your head, and your world. When these don’t align, there is an incongruence that rattles our inner world. My desire is to assist adults, adolescents and children 6 and older, to find peace. I enjoy all ages because of my work with children & adults for 15 years. I served 10 years as a Children’s Pastor, and I continue to believe that every age is important. Therefore, I chose to pursue counseling to help every individual pursue healthy mental health.
(208) 285-3570 View (208) 285-3570
Photo of Jennifer Guzman, Counselor in Boise, ID
Jennifer Guzman
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83706
Not accepting new clients
Whether you are new to therapy or wanting to expand upon personal growth and/or healing it is important that my clients connect with me on a fundamental level. It is my goal that my patients develop a sense of confidence with the awareness that I can be trusted with their personal experiences and insights. As a therapist, I provide a safe, trustworthy environment with a nonjudgmental, and evidenced-based therapeutic framework.
Whether you are new to therapy or wanting to expand upon personal growth and/or healing it is important that my clients connect with me on a fundamental level. It is my goal that my patients develop a sense of confidence with the awareness that I can be trusted with their personal experiences and insights. As a therapist, I provide a safe, trustworthy environment with a nonjudgmental, and evidenced-based therapeutic framework.
(208) 919-6310 View (208) 919-6310
Photo of Jessica Crocker-Oswald, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boise, ID
Jessica Crocker-Oswald
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, TCTSY-F
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83712
Are you or a loved one struggling with difficult thoughts and emotions? Maybe life feels unmanageable at times? Perhaps you are going through a challenging chapter in life right now, or you have experienced trauma that is impacting your relationships or wellbeing? These things can be overwhelming, but you do not have to go through them alone. You matter your feelings matter, your voice matters, and your unique qualities and strengths matter. There is no one-size-fits-all, no single answer. My approach will be catered to you, your needs, and what feels safe for you. It takes courage to ask for help and I am glad you are here.
Are you or a loved one struggling with difficult thoughts and emotions? Maybe life feels unmanageable at times? Perhaps you are going through a challenging chapter in life right now, or you have experienced trauma that is impacting your relationships or wellbeing? These things can be overwhelming, but you do not have to go through them alone. You matter your feelings matter, your voice matters, and your unique qualities and strengths matter. There is no one-size-fits-all, no single answer. My approach will be catered to you, your needs, and what feels safe for you. It takes courage to ask for help and I am glad you are here.
(208) 328-5847 View (208) 328-5847
Photo of Isabel Menchaca, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boise, ID
Isabel Menchaca
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83706
I specialize in working with trauma. While I have a particular focus on working with issues around sex, sexuality and gender, and religious trauma, I work with trauma of all kinds. I believe that our behaviors, thoughts, physical sensations, worldviews, and ways of being are parts of us that all have stories, waiting to be heard and explored if they are given the opportunity. Giving these parts of us care and attention builds our emotional intelligence, essential to improving not only our lives, but also the lives of those around us in our close relationships and communities.
I specialize in working with trauma. While I have a particular focus on working with issues around sex, sexuality and gender, and religious trauma, I work with trauma of all kinds. I believe that our behaviors, thoughts, physical sensations, worldviews, and ways of being are parts of us that all have stories, waiting to be heard and explored if they are given the opportunity. Giving these parts of us care and attention builds our emotional intelligence, essential to improving not only our lives, but also the lives of those around us in our close relationships and communities.
(208) 428-5280 View (208) 428-5280
Photo of Steven Lawrence, Counselor in Boise, ID
Steven Lawrence
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83704
Your symptoms of anxiety, depression, and anger are your body's way of telling you something's not right! As a child, you may have experienced some sort of failure in your relationships or environment. As a child you compensate for these traumas by creating strategies for survival. Maybe you are a perfectionist, or maybe you find that you give more than you receive, or perhaps you just feel disconnected from yourself and everyone around you? The pain you are experiencing is real, and coping with it just isn't working anymore.
Your symptoms of anxiety, depression, and anger are your body's way of telling you something's not right! As a child, you may have experienced some sort of failure in your relationships or environment. As a child you compensate for these traumas by creating strategies for survival. Maybe you are a perfectionist, or maybe you find that you give more than you receive, or perhaps you just feel disconnected from yourself and everyone around you? The pain you are experiencing is real, and coping with it just isn't working anymore.
(986) 234-3294 View (986) 234-3294
Photo of Heather Watson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boise, ID
Heather Watson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83702
I acknowledge that the decision to seek out healing in the form of counseling is a courageous act. I consider it a privilege and an honor to work with people who want to find balance in their lives. I provide a safe, non-judgmental atmosphere where we can work collaboratively. I believe that a strong therapeutic relationship can provide the context for transformative healing and growth. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each client to help them build on their strengths and attain the personal growth they are committed to accomplishing.
I acknowledge that the decision to seek out healing in the form of counseling is a courageous act. I consider it a privilege and an honor to work with people who want to find balance in their lives. I provide a safe, non-judgmental atmosphere where we can work collaboratively. I believe that a strong therapeutic relationship can provide the context for transformative healing and growth. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each client to help them build on their strengths and attain the personal growth they are committed to accomplishing.
(208) 261-7284 View (208) 261-7284
Photo of Arthur G Hamblin, Psychologist in Boise, ID
Arthur G Hamblin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83702
A psychiatrist with whom I work has described my therapeutic style as "artistic". Mine is not a sing-songy, head weaving, "how does that make you feel?" therapeutic approach. Rather, I respect the fact that my patients are presenting problems that necessitated their appointment. Problems have solutions. This is important work. I believe therapy should be an active process. My sessions are almost always active and highly engaging. This is the work of solution discovery. I believe people have their own answers. These answers reside within them. We actively and collaboratively seek these answers. Arthur Hamblin, Psy.D.
A psychiatrist with whom I work has described my therapeutic style as "artistic". Mine is not a sing-songy, head weaving, "how does that make you feel?" therapeutic approach. Rather, I respect the fact that my patients are presenting problems that necessitated their appointment. Problems have solutions. This is important work. I believe therapy should be an active process. My sessions are almost always active and highly engaging. This is the work of solution discovery. I believe people have their own answers. These answers reside within them. We actively and collaboratively seek these answers. Arthur Hamblin, Psy.D.
(208) 856-0929 View (208) 856-0929
Photo of Sam Gilbert, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boise, ID
Sam Gilbert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83709
Hi! My name is Sam (he/him). I find that feeling fully seen and heard opens us up for healing and to living a life authentically. Creating a connection that allows you to explore your true self feels vitally important for me as the foundation for engaging in therapy work together. I'd love to follow your lead in individualizing a therapeutic process that works to meet your needs while centering a connection built on respect, trust, and curiosity. I truly believe you have everything you need within you, and I hope to aid in your discovery and strengthening of your inner guide.
Hi! My name is Sam (he/him). I find that feeling fully seen and heard opens us up for healing and to living a life authentically. Creating a connection that allows you to explore your true self feels vitally important for me as the foundation for engaging in therapy work together. I'd love to follow your lead in individualizing a therapeutic process that works to meet your needs while centering a connection built on respect, trust, and curiosity. I truly believe you have everything you need within you, and I hope to aid in your discovery and strengthening of your inner guide.
(208) 502-4933 View (208) 502-4933
Photo of Deborah Dettman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boise, ID
Deborah Dettman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83702  (Online Only)
Do you appear functional on the outside but inside deal with insecurities? You might feel some "imposter syndrome" even when you are actually quite successful on the outside. Do you worry that your anxiety will interfere with your work or relationships? You might have lingering impacts from things that happened in childhood or in toxic relationships. Most of my clients are women who are overthinkers and people- pleasers and suffer from being very self-critical. I think of our work as "recovery from everything." The positive coping skills we work on are quite similar no matter what has caused you such high levels of anxiety.
Do you appear functional on the outside but inside deal with insecurities? You might feel some "imposter syndrome" even when you are actually quite successful on the outside. Do you worry that your anxiety will interfere with your work or relationships? You might have lingering impacts from things that happened in childhood or in toxic relationships. Most of my clients are women who are overthinkers and people- pleasers and suffer from being very self-critical. I think of our work as "recovery from everything." The positive coping skills we work on are quite similar no matter what has caused you such high levels of anxiety.
(208) 858-6138 View (208) 858-6138
Photo of Susie Orme, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boise, ID
Susie Orme
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83709
Hello! The cornerstone of my practice is to meet you where you are at and work together to help you build upon your strengths and develop resilience and resourcefulness in challenging times. My therapeutic style is compassionate, collaborative, and goal-oriented. I strive to create a brave, inclusive space where you have the self-determination to express your authentic voice, seek greater knowledge and awareness, and move towards lasting change. I enjoy developing meaningful connections and serving people of all identities, communities, and cultures on concerns related to gender, sexual orientation, and overall sexual health.
Hello! The cornerstone of my practice is to meet you where you are at and work together to help you build upon your strengths and develop resilience and resourcefulness in challenging times. My therapeutic style is compassionate, collaborative, and goal-oriented. I strive to create a brave, inclusive space where you have the self-determination to express your authentic voice, seek greater knowledge and awareness, and move towards lasting change. I enjoy developing meaningful connections and serving people of all identities, communities, and cultures on concerns related to gender, sexual orientation, and overall sexual health.
(208) 427-2553 View (208) 427-2553
Photo of Claudia Currie-Mills, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boise, ID
Claudia Currie-Mills
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83702  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Thank you for your interest. However, I have retired and closed my practice. If you are a past client and wish to have a copy of your records sent to your new provider, please have your new provider FAX a copy of their release of information, signed by you, to (208)336-7373.
Thank you for your interest. However, I have retired and closed my practice. If you are a past client and wish to have a copy of your records sent to your new provider, please have your new provider FAX a copy of their release of information, signed by you, to (208)336-7373.
Photo of Hays Street Counseling, Psychologist in Boise, ID
Hays Street Counseling
Psychologist, PhD, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83702
In an ever-changing world, with so many hardships and challenges, I have dedicated my life to helping people make sense out of their struggles and find more peace. I believe in people, and believe that in a safe and supportive environment, with a skillful and responsible guide, people are capable of incredible accomplishments, leading to changes that enable more peace and joyful living. I believe that people develop maladaptive patterns of living and relating and that sometimes simple changes in habits, thinking, growing and understanding, can lead to happier, healthier lives and relationships. I'd be happy to receive your call!
In an ever-changing world, with so many hardships and challenges, I have dedicated my life to helping people make sense out of their struggles and find more peace. I believe in people, and believe that in a safe and supportive environment, with a skillful and responsible guide, people are capable of incredible accomplishments, leading to changes that enable more peace and joyful living. I believe that people develop maladaptive patterns of living and relating and that sometimes simple changes in habits, thinking, growing and understanding, can lead to happier, healthier lives and relationships. I'd be happy to receive your call!
(208) 826-1778 View (208) 826-1778
Photo of Matthew D Geske, Counselor in Boise, ID
Matthew D Geske
Counselor, LCPC, MA, MS
Verified Verified
Boise, ID 83709
Are you at a turning point, looking to reinvent yourself and clean up the mess you have created? Have you or your loved one been out of control with regards to destructive behaviors (pornography, excessive internet use, affairs etc.) or are you simply no longer satisfied with the direction your life is headed. I offer effective psychotherapy that gets to the heart of the matter. I specialize in working with men who are looking for a new beginning. I also work with women impacted negatively by men they care about. I have been helping clients for over twenty years and draw upon both science and the deepest Christian tradition.
Are you at a turning point, looking to reinvent yourself and clean up the mess you have created? Have you or your loved one been out of control with regards to destructive behaviors (pornography, excessive internet use, affairs etc.) or are you simply no longer satisfied with the direction your life is headed. I offer effective psychotherapy that gets to the heart of the matter. I specialize in working with men who are looking for a new beginning. I also work with women impacted negatively by men they care about. I have been helping clients for over twenty years and draw upon both science and the deepest Christian tradition.
(208) 547-5610 View (208) 547-5610
Photo of Glory A Wanless, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boise, ID
Glory A Wanless
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boise, ID 83705
Accepting NEW In Person and Telehealth Clients- If you are feeling overwhelmed or stressed, having a harder time finding joy in everyday activities, or coping with a major life change, you are not alone, these are very human things to be going through. When we have hard times in life, it can cause us to act in ways that are not helpful to who we want to be. Whether you are struggling with reoccurring issues, are unable to cope in a healthy way, or simply want more peace in your life, counseling can help. I primarily focus on working with adolescents and individuals struggling with addiction.
Accepting NEW In Person and Telehealth Clients- If you are feeling overwhelmed or stressed, having a harder time finding joy in everyday activities, or coping with a major life change, you are not alone, these are very human things to be going through. When we have hard times in life, it can cause us to act in ways that are not helpful to who we want to be. Whether you are struggling with reoccurring issues, are unable to cope in a healthy way, or simply want more peace in your life, counseling can help. I primarily focus on working with adolescents and individuals struggling with addiction.
(208) 357-9751 View (208) 357-9751

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boise, ID

900+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Boise, ID who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Blue Cross
64% Regence
62% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Boise, ID see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boise?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.