Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Gray, TN

Photo of Sara Jane Carico, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTPII
Sara Jane Carico
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTPII
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I have worked for the past 16 years utilizing a variety of techniques to accomplish healing such as CBT, DBT, trauma focused, EMDR, somatic therapy, polyvagal informed therapy, mindfulness (nature, meditation, etc.), and expressive therapies (art, music, dance, crafting, etc.).
There is a reason we do the things that we do and feel the way that we feel. All mental health issues are caused by us surviving and navigating this world to the best of our abilities given all the obstacles that can get in the way. Therapy is a science and an art. In better understanding the science and the question of “why” we do the things that we do can be a powerful tool in starting your healing journey. Once having this level of insight, therapy aims to not only heal you in the present but heal the deeper underlying issues that have caused things to get to this point.
I have worked for the past 16 years utilizing a variety of techniques to accomplish healing such as CBT, DBT, trauma focused, EMDR, somatic therapy, polyvagal informed therapy, mindfulness (nature, meditation, etc.), and expressive therapies (art, music, dance, crafting, etc.).
There is a reason we do the things that we do and feel the way that we feel. All mental health issues are caused by us surviving and navigating this world to the best of our abilities given all the obstacles that can get in the way. Therapy is a science and an art. In better understanding the science and the question of “why” we do the things that we do can be a powerful tool in starting your healing journey. Once having this level of insight, therapy aims to not only heal you in the present but heal the deeper underlying issues that have caused things to get to this point.
(423) 482-8324 View (423) 482-8324
Photo of Sharmen Rutherford, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, AADC, CCTP, PIP
Sharmen Rutherford
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, AADC, CCTP, PIP
Serves Area
Sharmen is a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and Ketamine Integration Therapist.
Life isn't always easy. At times, things just don't seem right or the way that we would like for them to be. Life can be frustrating, overwhelming, complicated and down-right messy. It is during these difficult seasons that Sharmen would like to come alongside you and offer strength, hope and encouragement within the confines of a safe and therapeutic environment. She is dually licensed and offers counseling services to clients in Tennessee as well as Alabama. It is her mission to serve you with dignity, respect and confidentiality while helping you to reach and surpass the treatment goals you develop together.
Sharmen is a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and Ketamine Integration Therapist.
Life isn't always easy. At times, things just don't seem right or the way that we would like for them to be. Life can be frustrating, overwhelming, complicated and down-right messy. It is during these difficult seasons that Sharmen would like to come alongside you and offer strength, hope and encouragement within the confines of a safe and therapeutic environment. She is dually licensed and offers counseling services to clients in Tennessee as well as Alabama. It is her mission to serve you with dignity, respect and confidentiality while helping you to reach and surpass the treatment goals you develop together.
(423) 640-7798 View (423) 640-7798
Photo of Lauren Graham, Licensed Master Social Worker, LCSW
Lauren Graham
Licensed Master Social Worker, LCSW
Online Only
I enjoy providing affirming, inclusive therapy for adults who are seeking a space to feel truly seen and supported. Whether you’re exploring your identity, navigating relationships, or learning to feel more comfortable in your own skin, our work together will focus on healing, self-acceptance, and personal growth. My goal is to help you reconnect with your authentic self and build confidence in who you are—so you can live a life that feels genuine, balanced, and free from judgment.
I enjoy providing affirming, inclusive therapy for adults who are seeking a space to feel truly seen and supported. Whether you’re exploring your identity, navigating relationships, or learning to feel more comfortable in your own skin, our work together will focus on healing, self-acceptance, and personal growth. My goal is to help you reconnect with your authentic self and build confidence in who you are—so you can live a life that feels genuine, balanced, and free from judgment.
(423) 726-5593 View (423) 726-5593
Photo of Kody Hodge, Licensed Professional Counselor, A-LPC/, MHSP
Kody Hodge
Licensed Professional Counselor, A-LPC/, MHSP
3 Endorsed
Gray, TN 37615
Life isn't easy. Throw in some anxiety, depression, life events, and a few relationship issues, and NOW it feels like the hard days outweigh the easy ones. You need space to breathe, to be heard, and to feel safe. Therapy offers that space—to slow down, make sense of what’s happening, and gain practical tools to stay grounded. Together, we’ll build practical tools to keep you unfrazzled in the chaos that anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, and life transitions endlessly create. If you’re ready for real change, I’d be honored to help you find your way to a calm, collected and connected self, no matter what life brings.
Life isn't easy. Throw in some anxiety, depression, life events, and a few relationship issues, and NOW it feels like the hard days outweigh the easy ones. You need space to breathe, to be heard, and to feel safe. Therapy offers that space—to slow down, make sense of what’s happening, and gain practical tools to stay grounded. Together, we’ll build practical tools to keep you unfrazzled in the chaos that anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, and life transitions endlessly create. If you’re ready for real change, I’d be honored to help you find your way to a calm, collected and connected self, no matter what life brings.
(423) 556-6020 View (423) 556-6020
Photo of Clarissa Day - Clarissa Day, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BSW, MSW, LICSW
Clarissa Day, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BSW, MSW, LICSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
You may be facing a range of issues, such as anxiety, stress, depression, or a general feeling of being stuck or unfulfilled. You have the courage to seek support, knowing that change is possible and that you deserve a life filled with joy, purpose, and meaning. Your needs are multifaceted, encompassing emotional support, a compassionate listener, and a skilled guide to help you navigate the complexities of your experiences. Together, we will create a therapeutic relationship built on trust, empathy, and collaboration, enabling you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and beliefs in a non-judgmental environment.
You may be facing a range of issues, such as anxiety, stress, depression, or a general feeling of being stuck or unfulfilled. You have the courage to seek support, knowing that change is possible and that you deserve a life filled with joy, purpose, and meaning. Your needs are multifaceted, encompassing emotional support, a compassionate listener, and a skilled guide to help you navigate the complexities of your experiences. Together, we will create a therapeutic relationship built on trust, empathy, and collaboration, enabling you to explore your thoughts, feelings, and beliefs in a non-judgmental environment.
(423) 799-2636 View (423) 799-2636
Photo of Rachel Pearson, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, A-LPC/, MHSP
Rachel Pearson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, A-LPC/, MHSP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello and welcome! Starting therapy or even returning to therapy can be scary. It is not easy to be vulnerable and doing work in therapy can be hard, but when you find a good fit for a therapist it can be a lot less daunting and a lot more rewarding. If you are an adult and wanting a safe, inviting, and comforting space to cry, process, laugh and/or share good news, then I have the space for you! And if you are a coffee, tea, animal or plant lover then we already have something in common!
Hello and welcome! Starting therapy or even returning to therapy can be scary. It is not easy to be vulnerable and doing work in therapy can be hard, but when you find a good fit for a therapist it can be a lot less daunting and a lot more rewarding. If you are an adult and wanting a safe, inviting, and comforting space to cry, process, laugh and/or share good news, then I have the space for you! And if you are a coffee, tea, animal or plant lover then we already have something in common!
(423) 820-2124 View (423) 820-2124
Photo of Ashley Richmond, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Ashley Richmond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi! I'm Ashley Richmond, a therapist in the Tri-Cities community walking along side individuals on their life journey. I work with adults and older adults who are navigating anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), grief, loss, end of life illness and life transitions. My practice facilitates therapy unique to your individual needs through evidenced based practices. If you're ready to share your story, I'm here to listen and support you in living life as the fullest version of yourself.
Hi! I'm Ashley Richmond, a therapist in the Tri-Cities community walking along side individuals on their life journey. I work with adults and older adults who are navigating anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), grief, loss, end of life illness and life transitions. My practice facilitates therapy unique to your individual needs through evidenced based practices. If you're ready to share your story, I'm here to listen and support you in living life as the fullest version of yourself.
(423) 398-0708 View (423) 398-0708

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Stuart Coleman, Licensed Professional Counselor, MAPC, LPC, MHSP, NCC, MACE
Stuart Coleman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAPC, LPC, MHSP, NCC, MACE
Online Only
I offer trauma therapy by telehealth and am available for two hour sessions on Tuesdays or three hour sessions on Fridays.
I have had the honor of working with many persons who have struggled with anxiety, depression, and incompletely processed traumatic memory content for many years. Many have expressed an interest in approaching their work from a faith based perspective. I would be honored to help you explore the possibility of us working together. Simply call our office today and the office staff can help you explore next steps.
I offer trauma therapy by telehealth and am available for two hour sessions on Tuesdays or three hour sessions on Fridays.
I have had the honor of working with many persons who have struggled with anxiety, depression, and incompletely processed traumatic memory content for many years. Many have expressed an interest in approaching their work from a faith based perspective. I would be honored to help you explore the possibility of us working together. Simply call our office today and the office staff can help you explore next steps.
(865) 424-7978 View (865) 424-7978
Photo of Erica Petree, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Erica Petree
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
5 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601
My scope of competence is in trauma, postpartum, attachment, family conflict, anxiety, school/work related problems, parent education, parent-child conflict, divorce, co-parenting and depression.
Over 18 years of experience providing Trauma Therapy, Postpartum Therapy, Family Therapy, Couples Therapy and Parenting and Co-Parenting. I am certified in Infant Mental Health, The Nurturing Parenting Program, Parent Child Interaction Therapy(PCIT), and DIR Floortime. Plant Based Nutrition Certification from Cornell and a Nutritarian Health Coach.
My scope of competence is in trauma, postpartum, attachment, family conflict, anxiety, school/work related problems, parent education, parent-child conflict, divorce, co-parenting and depression.
Over 18 years of experience providing Trauma Therapy, Postpartum Therapy, Family Therapy, Couples Therapy and Parenting and Co-Parenting. I am certified in Infant Mental Health, The Nurturing Parenting Program, Parent Child Interaction Therapy(PCIT), and DIR Floortime. Plant Based Nutrition Certification from Cornell and a Nutritarian Health Coach.
(423) 205-5757 View (423) 205-5757
Photo of Kimberly Nave, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Kimberly Nave
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
My name is Kim Nave, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Tennessee specializing in trauma therapy and certified in EMDR.
I typically utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solutions-Focused therapy, alongside Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I enjoy working with adults aged 20-60 and am most comfortable supporting clients struggling with anxiety, depression, addiction, and trauma.
My name is Kim Nave, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Tennessee specializing in trauma therapy and certified in EMDR.
I typically utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Solutions-Focused therapy, alongside Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). I enjoy working with adults aged 20-60 and am most comfortable supporting clients struggling with anxiety, depression, addiction, and trauma.
(629) 263-6474 View (629) 263-6474
Photo of Christie Greene-Cutshall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Christie Greene-Cutshall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Greeneville, TN 37743
I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families facing challenges such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship concerns, life transitions, grief, self-esteem struggles, and behavioral difficulties.
When working with clients, I bring a holistic, person-in-environment approach. It's important for my clients to know that I walk with them on their journey and help them gain the skills, tools, and concepts they need to succeed. Children (age 10+), teenagers, families, and adults are all areas in which I enjoy and have practiced with over the last ten years.
I work with children, adolescents, adults, couples, and families facing challenges such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship concerns, life transitions, grief, self-esteem struggles, and behavioral difficulties.
When working with clients, I bring a holistic, person-in-environment approach. It's important for my clients to know that I walk with them on their journey and help them gain the skills, tools, and concepts they need to succeed. Children (age 10+), teenagers, families, and adults are all areas in which I enjoy and have practiced with over the last ten years.
(423) 556-9689 View (423) 556-9689
Photo of Rebecca Yarosh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rebecca Yarosh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Mount Carmel, TN 37645
I specialize in working with clients who are ready to heal from all types of trauma, including emotional, physical, sexual, religious, etc, and addressing any negative core beliefs or core wounds that have been holding them back from handling this life in a healthier capacity.
I specialize in working with those who have experienced trauma of all types, including working with those who have experienced sexual abuse and adolescents who have engaged in problematic sexual behaviors. I am EMDR-trained and incorporate it when appropriate. I am currently in an online intensive to become a Narcissistic Abuse Treatment Clinician.
I specialize in working with clients who are ready to heal from all types of trauma, including emotional, physical, sexual, religious, etc, and addressing any negative core beliefs or core wounds that have been holding them back from handling this life in a healthier capacity.
I specialize in working with those who have experienced trauma of all types, including working with those who have experienced sexual abuse and adolescents who have engaged in problematic sexual behaviors. I am EMDR-trained and incorporate it when appropriate. I am currently in an online intensive to become a Narcissistic Abuse Treatment Clinician.
(423) 295-7796 View (423) 295-7796
Photo of Wendi S Read - Wendi Bucher (Read), New Day Counseling, MA, CTIC, CMR, CST, CSC
I am fully academically trained and personally experienced in identification, mitigating, & recovery from Narcissistic & emotional abuse, depression & anxiety, trauma, sexual issues, grief & loss, infidelity recovery.
My work is rooted in compassion, truth, and practical guidance. I help individuals break cycles, rebuild trust with themselves, and restore the relationships that matter most. Whether you’re healing from narcissistic abuse, seeking deeper intimacy, or trying to reconnect with your sense of purpose, I’m here to walk beside you with steady, faith‑grounded support Healing begins the moment you decide you’re ready for something different. When faith becomes the anchor, transformation stops being a distant hope and becomes a real, attainable path forward.
I am fully academically trained and personally experienced in identification, mitigating, & recovery from Narcissistic & emotional abuse, depression & anxiety, trauma, sexual issues, grief & loss, infidelity recovery.
My work is rooted in compassion, truth, and practical guidance. I help individuals break cycles, rebuild trust with themselves, and restore the relationships that matter most. Whether you’re healing from narcissistic abuse, seeking deeper intimacy, or trying to reconnect with your sense of purpose, I’m here to walk beside you with steady, faith‑grounded support Healing begins the moment you decide you’re ready for something different. When faith becomes the anchor, transformation stops being a distant hope and becomes a real, attainable path forward.
(423) 482-8269 View (423) 482-8269
Photo of Katie Simpson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Katie Simpson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Johnson City, TN 37604
I primarily work with adults struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, substance abuse, grief, and perinatal/postpartum mental health challenges.
My approach to therapy is eclectic, pulling from modalities like dialectic behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), solution focused therapy, and internal family systems therapy (IFS). I believe therapy is collaborative and always try to meet clients where they are.
I primarily work with adults struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, substance abuse, grief, and perinatal/postpartum mental health challenges.
My approach to therapy is eclectic, pulling from modalities like dialectic behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), solution focused therapy, and internal family systems therapy (IFS). I believe therapy is collaborative and always try to meet clients where they are.
(423) 799-3395 View (423) 799-3395
Photo of Sheri Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Sheri Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Online Only
I would like to help you learn how to feel more at peace, set healthier boundaries, and find more joy living your life through trauma resolution, reduced anxiety, and improved coping skills My approach balances lived experience (yours and mine), trauma-informed care, values based exploration, and evidence based modalities like EMDR and ACT to move you into feeling better, stronger, and healed.
EMDR is useful for exploring how the past shows up in the present, and unraveling 'triggers' or trauma responses. Many sessions are interlaced with traditional talk therapy (CBT, ACT). What we do in therapy always depends on what you need from a session.
I would like to help you learn how to feel more at peace, set healthier boundaries, and find more joy living your life through trauma resolution, reduced anxiety, and improved coping skills My approach balances lived experience (yours and mine), trauma-informed care, values based exploration, and evidence based modalities like EMDR and ACT to move you into feeling better, stronger, and healed.
EMDR is useful for exploring how the past shows up in the present, and unraveling 'triggers' or trauma responses. Many sessions are interlaced with traditional talk therapy (CBT, ACT). What we do in therapy always depends on what you need from a session.
(423) 589-1651 View (423) 589-1651
Photo of Lillian Arriona Yates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lillian Arriona Yates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Kingsport, TN 37660
Whether yours is healing trauma, improving relationships or managing stress your goals are important and deserve the time and effort that therapy requires.
For the past 7 years I have practiced in multiple settings including residential, intensive outpatient, and outpatient settings utilizing a variety of techniques to accomplish healing such as CBT, DBT, ACT, EMDR, and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP).
Whether yours is healing trauma, improving relationships or managing stress your goals are important and deserve the time and effort that therapy requires.
For the past 7 years I have practiced in multiple settings including residential, intensive outpatient, and outpatient settings utilizing a variety of techniques to accomplish healing such as CBT, DBT, ACT, EMDR, and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP).
(423) 370-9801 View (423) 370-9801
Photo of Mer Otis, Counselor, LMHC
Mer Otis
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
An accomplished collage artist and classically trained psychotherapist, Mer describes her bodies of work in relation with her clients and her art as the mystery that draws, embodies and transforms those aspects of life resting out of sight. Her interpretation of symbols and universal meanings creates a vibrant tapestry for holding the evolution of the human being. With a career in the healing arts spanning more than four decades, coming to your work with Mer is nothing short of coming back to yourself in its most exquisite expression.
An accomplished collage artist and classically trained psychotherapist, Mer describes her bodies of work in relation with her clients and her art as the mystery that draws, embodies and transforms those aspects of life resting out of sight. Her interpretation of symbols and universal meanings creates a vibrant tapestry for holding the evolution of the human being. With a career in the healing arts spanning more than four decades, coming to your work with Mer is nothing short of coming back to yourself in its most exquisite expression.
(423) 441-4892 View (423) 441-4892
Photo of Kelsey Maloney-Steiner, Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPC, MHSP
Kelsey Maloney-Steiner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPC, MHSP
Johnson City, TN 37604
Kelsey's work centers on individuals, adolescents, and adults, helping them navigate the stories that shape their lives. Kelsey creates an atmosphere of curiosity, respect, and transparency, where clients can feel safe to explore their identities and experiences. Kelsey believes that every individual’s story is meaningful and that everyone has the strength, resilience, and capacity to change. By bearing witness to and honoring each person’s story, Kelsey helps clients tap into their inherent power to rewrite their futures, discover their strengths, and create a life that reflects their authentic selves.
Kelsey's work centers on individuals, adolescents, and adults, helping them navigate the stories that shape their lives. Kelsey creates an atmosphere of curiosity, respect, and transparency, where clients can feel safe to explore their identities and experiences. Kelsey believes that every individual’s story is meaningful and that everyone has the strength, resilience, and capacity to change. By bearing witness to and honoring each person’s story, Kelsey helps clients tap into their inherent power to rewrite their futures, discover their strengths, and create a life that reflects their authentic selves.
(423) 345-8572 View (423) 345-8572
Photo of Kendra Pace, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Kendra Pace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Kingsport, TN 37660
Together we spend time exploring your anxiety, life changes, depressed mood, trauma history, avoidance, relationship cycles, reactive behaviors, hypervigilance, and overwhelming thoughts.
My goal as a therapist is for you to feel authentically seen, heard, and hopeful. I utilize Person-Centered Therapy, CBT, & ACT. I am also trained in Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in person and with Telehealth. If you are interested in EMDR treatment, we can discuss this option together.
Together we spend time exploring your anxiety, life changes, depressed mood, trauma history, avoidance, relationship cycles, reactive behaviors, hypervigilance, and overwhelming thoughts.
My goal as a therapist is for you to feel authentically seen, heard, and hopeful. I utilize Person-Centered Therapy, CBT, & ACT. I am also trained in Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in person and with Telehealth. If you are interested in EMDR treatment, we can discuss this option together.
(423) 205-6144 View (423) 205-6144
Photo of Kristy Walker - Restorative Mind Counseling, Pllc - Kristy Walker, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Restorative Mind Counseling, Pllc - Kristy Walker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Serves Area
Today's adults and kids are more connected and busier than ever, yet also feel stuck, unfulfilled, and sometimes lonely. A busy life doesn’t always mean we feel seen and heard. Sometimes life gets messy, and we put on a happy face and tell ourselves, “I will deal with that later.” Pain and loss are realities, but there aren’t lessons in school on how to handle these truths, and our lives can turn gray. The isolation of the pandemic has magnified the importance of human connection. There's something powerful about having a witness to your life story. I would be honored to help you, or your family member find their sunlight.
Today's adults and kids are more connected and busier than ever, yet also feel stuck, unfulfilled, and sometimes lonely. A busy life doesn’t always mean we feel seen and heard. Sometimes life gets messy, and we put on a happy face and tell ourselves, “I will deal with that later.” Pain and loss are realities, but there aren’t lessons in school on how to handle these truths, and our lives can turn gray. The isolation of the pandemic has magnified the importance of human connection. There's something powerful about having a witness to your life story. I would be honored to help you, or your family member find their sunlight.
(276) 409-9083 View (276) 409-9083

See more therapy options for Gray

Trauma and PTSD Therapists
When should I seek treatment for trauma?
Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?
Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?
Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?
It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.